JPH0127439B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Field of Industrial Application] The present invention provides an electronic key press assignment device that assigns a key pressed on a keyboard to one of a plurality of musical sound generation channels smaller than the number of keys. Regarding musical instruments.

[Prior art]

Conventionally, in this type of electronic musical instrument, when a new key is pressed while all musical tone generation channels are generating musical tones, assignment processing has been carried out in the following manner.

That is, the first method, as shown in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-25613, compares the envelope waveform amplitude values for controlling the volume level of musical tones in each musical tone generation channel and determines which envelope waveform amplitude value is the smallest. Detects the musical sound generation channel (that is, the one with the lowest volume level), assigns the newly pressed key to the detected musical sound generation channel, and responds to the newly pressed key in place of the previously generated musical sound in this channel. It generates musical tones. Furthermore, as shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-22238, the second method is to calculate each tone generation channel for each tone generation channel that is already in the released state each time the key assigned to each tone generation channel is released. By uniformly increasing the numerical value, the key release order of each tone generation channel is indicated by the count value, and the count value of each tone generation channel is compared to find the largest count value (i.e. Detects the musical sound generation channel (the earliest key was released),
The newly pressed key is assigned to this detected musical tone generation channel, and in this channel, a musical tone corresponding to the newly pressed key is generated in place of the musical tone that has been generated so far.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional electronic musical instruments, when a new key is pressed while all musical sound generation channels are generating musical tones, the musical tone at the lowest volume level or the musical tone of the oldest key released is always generated. Since musical tones corresponding to newly pressed keys are generated in the musical sound generation channel, for example, as in a piano performance, sounds in the high register can be played one after another in rapid succession while retaining the lingering sound of the low register. It is not possible to obtain a performance effect that would In other words, in this kind of performance operation,
After the low-pitched key is pressed and released first, the high-pitched keys are pressed one after another, so that by the time a new high-pitched key is pressed, the low-pitched musical tone is at its lowest volume level. Or, it is determined that the musical note in the lower register is related to the key that was released the oldest, and the musical note in the lower register is forcibly turned off (sounding stops), and as a result, the piano performance is different from the above-mentioned piano performance. It becomes impossible to obtain the same performance effect.

In this way, with conventional electronic musical instruments, certain musical tones (not limited to musical tones in the low range) among the musical tones generated in all musical sound generation channels can be generated regardless of the volume level or the order in which the keys are released. Even if we tried to prioritize the continuation of pronunciation, we were unable to do so, and the performance was limited.

The purpose of this invention is to address the above problems.
If a new key is pressed while all musical sound generation channels are generating musical tones, the same key will be used to generate a musical tone that belongs to a predetermined range among the musical sound generation channels that are generating musical tones that are attenuating. An object of the present invention is to provide an electronic musical instrument in which musical tones belonging to the predetermined range can be continuously generated by assigning them to a channel other than the musical sound generating channel in which the tones are generated.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to solve this problem, the structural features of the present invention, as shown in FIG. a musical tone generating means 2 having a musical tone generating channel, each of which generates a musical tone having a pitch corresponding to a key assigned to the channel; and the keyboard 1.
assigning means 3 for assigning a newly pressed key to one of the plurality of musical sound generation channels; an assignment channel that, when pressed, instructs the assigning means 3 to select any one of the plurality of musical tone generation channels that is generating a decaying musical tone as the musical tone generation channel to which the key is to be assigned; an electronic musical instrument comprising: a detecting means 5 for detecting a musical tone generating channel to which a key belonging to a predetermined tone range is assigned among at least the musical tone generating channels generating the attenuating musical tone; Control means for controlling the assignment channel instructing means 4 so that the assignment channel instructing means 4 instructs a tone generation channel other than the tone generation channel to which keys belonging to the predetermined range are assigned based on the detection by the detection means 5; 6.

[Function and effect of the invention]

In the present invention configured as described above, the detecting means 5 detects a musical tone generating channel to which a key belonging to a predetermined range is assigned from at least the musical tone generating channels generating attenuating musical tones. Based on the detection, the control means 6 controls the channel instruction means 4, and the channel instruction means 4 assigns the newly pressed key to a musical tone generation channel other than the musical tone generation channel to which keys belonging to a predetermined range are assigned. Since the assignment unit 3 is instructed as the musical tone generation channel to be assigned, if a new key is pressed on the keyboard 1 while all the musical tone generation channels of the musical tone generation unit 2 are generating musical tones, the assignment Means 3 assigns the same key to a tone generation channel other than the detected tone generation channel among the tone generation channels generating the attenuating tone.

As a result, in electronic musical instruments, the number of musical sound generation channels that can be produced simultaneously is smaller than the number of keys.
Even when a performer performs a performance by pressing a key quickly on a keyboard, the musical tone belonging to a predetermined tone range which is being attenuated and generated does not disappear due to a new key pressed, and the tone continues to be generated as it is. Therefore, if the above-mentioned predetermined range is, for example, a low range, the newly pressed key will be assigned to the musical sound generation channel that is producing attenuated sound in the high range, so that the musical sound in the low range will not be generated, as seen in piano performance. It is possible to generate musical tones one after another by rapidly pressing keys in the high range while leaving a lingering sound. In this case, by setting the decay time of the musical tones in the low range to be longer than the decay time of the musical tones in the high range, a performance effect more similar to that of a piano performance can be obtained. Furthermore, if the above-mentioned predetermined range is, for example, a high range or a middle range, it is possible to perform a performance in which musical tones in the high range or middle range are continued while musical sounds in the remaining range are sounded one after another by rapidly pressing keys. Become. Furthermore, electronic musical instruments, commonly called music synthesizers, can now perform normally while continuing to generate musical sounds like sound effects in the low, middle, or high ranges, which is an unprecedented performance. You can enjoy the effect.

〔Example〕

a Configuration Example Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 2 schematically shows an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument according to the present invention. an operator group 11 consisting of a plurality of operators, and a musical tone generating circuit 1 that generates musical tone signals.
2, and a microcomputer section 13 that inputs the states of the keyboard 10 and the operator group 11 and controls the musical tone generation circuit 12.

The keyboard 10 has a plurality of keys for specifying the pitch of musical tones to be generated, and when each key is pressed, a key switch provided corresponding to each key in the key switch circuit 10a is activated. Close. Key switch circuit 10
a is connected to the microcomputer section 13 via a bus 14. Each operator in the operator group 11 is operated to open/close a switch for selecting a tone provided corresponding to each operator in the operator switch circuit 11a, or the position of a volume for determining the volume. Set. The operator switch circuit 11a is connected to the microcomputer section 13 via a bus 14.

The musical tone generation circuit 12 has N musical tone generation channels, which are smaller than the number of keys on the keyboard 10, and each musical tone generation channel is specified by key data and operator data supplied from the microcomputer section 13 via the bus 14. The amplifier 15 generates musical tone signals of the pitch frequency, tone color and envelope, respectively.
A musical tone is generated from the speaker 16 via the bus 14, and a sound generation end signal DF is supplied to the microcomputer section 13 via the bus 14 when the sound generation is completed. In this case, if a sustained tone such as flute or violin is selected by the operator group 11, the musical sound generation channel will rise rapidly at the same time as the key is pressed on the keyboard 10, and will maintain a substantially constant level while the key is pressed. After the key is released, a musical sound signal with an envelope that gradually attenuates is generated, and when the level of the musical sound signal due to the attenuation becomes approximately zero, a sound generation end signal DF and a sound generation end channel indicating the number of the channel where sound generation has ended are generated. Output data DFch. Furthermore, if a damping tone such as piano or guitar is selected by the operator group 11, the musical sound generation channel will rise rapidly at the same time as the key is pressed on the keyboard 10, and once it reaches a certain level, it will gradually start up regardless of the key release. This attenuation continues while the key is being pressed, and when the key is released during the attenuation, a musical sound signal with an envelope that rapidly attenuates from that point on is generated, and these attenuations cause the level of the musical sound signal to increase. When it reaches approximately zero, a sound generation end signal DF and sound generation end channel data DFch indicating the number of the channel where sound generation has ended are output. In addition, in this embodiment, the rise time constant and decay time constant of these envelope shapes are set longer for low notes than for high notes, so the decay time of low notes is equal to the decay time of high notes, similar to piano sounds etc. It's relatively long. Note that the number N of musical tone generation channels is set in advance from several to more than ten.

The microcomputer section 13 includes a read-only memory (hereinafter simply referred to as ROM) 13a that stores programs corresponding to the flowcharts shown in FIGS. 4 to 8 and constants necessary for executing the programs.
, a central processing unit (hereinafter simply referred to as CPU) 13b that executes this program, and a writable memory (which serves as a working memory and temporarily stores various variables described below that are necessary to execute this program). (hereinafter simply referred to as RAM) 13c
By executing the programs shown in FIGS. 4 to 7 that start when the power is turned on, the state of the keys of the keyboard 10 and the state of the operators of the operator group 11 are observed, and processing is performed according to these conditions. The generated various data are supplied to the musical tone generating circuit 12 to control the generation of musical tones, and when the sound generation end signal DF arrives from the musical tone generating circuit 12, the interrupt program shown in FIG. 8 is executed and the data is stored in the RAM 13c. Performs processing associated with the end of pronunciation. In addition, ROM13a, CPU
13b and RAM 13c are connected to bus 14.

The RAM 13c includes a key code register area KCR (FIG. 3A) that stores key name data (key codes) representing the keys assigned to each musical tone generating channel of the musical tone generating circuit 12, and Channel status register area that stores channel status data that represents the status
CHSR (Fig. 3B) and an allocation channel register area ACHR (Fig. 3C) that stores allocation designation channel data for specifying the channel to which a newly pressed key on the keyboard 10 is to be allocated.
and a key press and operation detection register area used for detecting key presses on the keyboard 10 and detecting operations on the operator group 11.
KOR (Figure 3D) and general register area used for channel allocation processing and other processing
The area is divided into GNR (Figure 3E).

Furthermore, the key code register area KCR (3rd A
Figure) shows N key code registers KCR corresponding to each musical tone generating channel of the musical tone generating circuit 12.
(1), KCR(2), ...KCR(N), each key code register KCR(1), KCR2, ...KCR(N)
are the corresponding musical sound generation channels (ch1 to chN)
The key code KC representing the key assigned to is stored. In this embodiment, the key code KC takes on a value that becomes smaller as the bass pitch becomes smaller and becomes larger as the pitch becomes higher, and does not take the value of all bits being "1".

Channel status register area CHSR (Figure 3B)
are N channel status registers CHSR(1), CHSR(2), . . . corresponding to each tone generation channel.
CHSR(N), each channel status register
CHSR (1), CHSR (2), . This channel status data has a value of “0” in its most significant bit MSB.
When the value is “1”, it indicates that the assigned key is being pressed, and when the value is “1”, it is indicating that the key is being released, and the value increases with the lower multiple bits. This indicates that the assigned key was previously pressed or released.

Assigned channel register area ACHR (3rd C
(Figure) shows an assigned channel number register ACHNR that stores assigned channel number data ACHN indicating the number of the musical tone generation channel to which the next key pressed on the keyboard 10 is assigned, and the musical tone generation channel indicated by the assigned channel number data ACHN. Allocation channel state data for
It has an allocation channel status register ACHDR that stores ACHD.

Key press and operation detection register area KOR (3rd D
(Fig.) is a key state memory KEYMEM which is composed of a plurality of bits corresponding to each key of the keyboard 10, and each bit stores data of "1" or "0" representing the key press or release of each key; A control state memory SWMEM has a plurality of memory locations corresponding to each switch and volume of the control group 11, and stores the open/closed state data of each corresponding switch or the position data of the volume, and a key press event of the keyboard 10. It has an event data register group EVTR consisting of a plurality of registers for storing data or operator event data of the operator group 11.

The general register area GNR (Figure 3E) contains a pointer register PR that serves as a pointer for sequentially updating channel numbers during the execution of the "low range channel search" program and "assigned channel search" program, which will be described later. The lower boundary key code register LKCR stores the lower boundary key code LKC representing the key corresponding to the lower boundary of the range in which you want the attenuated pronunciation to continue as it is, and the upper boundary key code register LKCR stores the key corresponding to the upper boundary of the same range. It consists of an upper boundary key code register UKCR that stores the boundary key code UKC, and a group of other registers that store other variables necessary for processing by the microcomputer section 13.

b Basic operation The basic operation of the embodiment configured as described above will be explained using the flowchart shown in FIG.
When the power is turned on, the CPU 13b starts executing the program from step 20 in FIG.
21, initialize the RAM 13c. In this initial setting, key state memory KEYMEM, event data register group EVTR, pointer register
All bits of PR and other registers are set to “0”, and all key code registers KCR(1), KCR(2),
...KCR (N), all channel status register
All bits of CHSR(1), CHSR(2), CHSR(N) and assigned channel status register ACHDR are “1”
The assigned channel number register is set to
ACHNR is set to "1", and the lower boundary key code LKC and upper boundary key code UKC, which are stored in advance in the ROM 13a, are stored in the lower boundary key code register LKCR and upper boundary key code register UKCR, respectively. . In addition, in this embodiment, the lower boundary key code LKC is the keyboard 10.
The upper boundary key code UKC is the key code KC representing the lowest key of the lowest key.
This is a key code that represents a key that is about an octave to two octaves higher. And the control state memory
The SWMEM receives the operator status signal supplied from the operator switch circuit 11a to the operator group 11.
Data representing the state of the operator is written therein, and this data is also supplied to the tone generation circuit 12 to preset the tone, volume, etc. of the tone to be generated.

After the above initial settings, the CPU 13b advances the program to the key processing routine of step 22, and in this routine executes a program corresponding to the flowcharts of FIGS. 5 to 7, which will be described later. The generation of musical tones by the musical tone generating circuit 12 is controlled in accordance with the key or key release.

Next, the program proceeds to steps 23 and 24, where the microcomputer section 13 detects the state of the operators in the operator group 11, and outputs the detection result to the musical tone generating circuit 12 to control the tone, volume, etc. of the musical tone. At step 23, the CPU 13b switches to the operator switch circuit 1.
Data representing the open/closed state of each switch in 1a and the setting position of the volume are input as new controller data for the controller group 11, and these input data are combined with the old controller data stored in the controller status memory SWMEM. are compared for each manipulator, and assuming that the manipulator related to the data is operated only when both data are different, the new manipulator data for the same manipulator corresponds to the same manipulator in the manipulator state memory SWMEM. At the same time, the new control data is written to the register of the event data register group EVTR as control event data. At step 24, the CPU 13b checks whether there is data in the event data register group EVTR, and if there is data, outputs this data to the musical tone generation circuit 12, and then outputs the data to the event data register group EVTR.
The data in EVTR is erased, and the above operation is repeated until there is no more data in the event data register group EVTR, and all operator event data is sent. Note that if the new and old controller data regarding all the controllers match in step 23, the rewriting and output of the controller data is not executed.

After processing steps 23 and 24, the program returns to step 22, and the CPU 13b executes steps 22 to 24.
Each process is repeatedly executed to control the musical tone generation of the musical tone generating circuit 12 according to the states of the keyboard 10 and the operator group 11.

c Key processing operation Next, the key processing routine will be explained in detail.
The CPU 13b starts executing the program from step 30 in FIG. 5, and detects key presses and key releases on the keyboard 10 at step 31. In the process of step 31, the CPU 13b operates the key switch circuit 10a.
Each key switch in the keypad is sequentially scanned from the low end or the high end, and through this scanning, the open/close state signal of each key switch is input as new key state data for the keyboard 10, and these input data and key state memory are stored.
A change in the key press state on the keyboard 10 is detected by comparing each key with the old key state data stored in KEYMEM. That is, when the new key state data is "1" and the old key state data is "0", the CPU 13b detects that a new key has been pressed on the keyboard 10, and the new key state data "1" in the memory location corresponding to the newly pressed key in the key status memory KEYMEM, and also writes the key code KC representing the same key and the identification data representing that the key has been newly pressed as key press event data. Write to the register of event data register group EVTR. Also, if the new key status data is “0” and the old key status data is “1”, the CPU
13b detects that a new key has been released on the keyboard 10, and writes "0" as the new key state data to the memory location corresponding to the newly released key in the key state memory KEYMEM, and Key code representing the key
KC and identification data indicating that the key has been newly released are written to the register of the event data register group EVTR as key release event data. In addition,
The key code KC is determined by a scan counter (not shown) which sequentially specifies the key switch corresponding to each key in the scan. When the state detection of all the keys on the keyboard 10 is completed through such scanning, key press event data or key release data corresponding to the keys whose state has changed from the time of the previous step 31 to the current step 31 is detected. All event data will be stored in the event data register group EVTR.

The program then proceeds to steps 32 and 33,
In steps 32 and 33, the CPU 13b determines whether a key press or key release event has occurred based on the contents of the event data register group EVTR. If there is no change in the state of each key on the keyboard 10, the CPU 13b determines "NO" in steps 32 and 33, and
The execution of the key processing routine is ended in step 34, and the process moves to step 23 in FIG.

When a new key is pressed on keyboard 10, the CPU
13b determines "YES" in step 32 based on the presence of key press event data stored in the event data register group EVTR, and advances the program to a key press event routine consisting of steps 35a to 35d. The CPU 13b reads the key code in the one key press event data read from the event data register group EVTR in step 35a.
KC, key-on data KON indicating that this key code KC is related to the key press, and assigned channel number data ACHN (initial state is "1") stored in the assigned channel number register ACHNR. The key data is output to the musical tone generating circuit 12, and the musical tone generating channel corresponding to the same number data ACHN of the musical tone generating circuit 12 starts generating a musical tone signal of the pitch specified by the key code KC. At this time, if the same musical tone generation channel is already generating another musical tone signal,
Generation of other musical tone signals is stopped, and generation of musical tone signals of the specified pitch is started. In addition, in order to prevent the generation of click sounds due to switching from other musical tone signals to musical tone signals with a newly specified pitch as described above, the above switching is performed after rapidly attenuating the other musical tone signals. It is better to do this. Next, the program proceeds to step 35b, where the CPU 13b stores the key code KC outputted above in the key code register KCR (ACHN) specified by the assigned channel number data ACHN, and then stores the key code KC in step 35c. number data
Set all bits of the channel status register CHSR (ACHN) specified by ACHN to “0”,
The key press event data for which the above processing has been completed is then deleted from the event data register group EVTR. After processing step 35c, the CPU 13b performs step 35d.
Channel status register CHSR(1), CHSR
(2),...All channel status registers whose most significant bit MSB is "0" in CHSR (N)
Add “1” to the CHSR data. As a result, the smaller the value of the data in the channel status register CHSR during the key depression, the more it indicates that the key was depressed later. After the key press event routine in steps 35a to 35d described above is completed, the CPU 13b calls a "low range channel search" subroutine, which will be described later, in step 40 to detect a musical sound generating channel that is generating a musical sound belonging to the low range. step
At step 50, an "assigned channel search" subroutine to be described later is called, and assigned channel number data ACHN to which the next key to be pressed is assigned is stored in the assigned channel number register ACHNR, and the process proceeds to step 32. At step 32,
Similarly to the above, the CPU 13b again checks whether there is any key press event data stored in the event data register group EVTR, and if there is key press event data, the CPU 13b performs the key press event routines 35a to 35a.
By executing 35d, the pressed key data (KC, KON,
ACHN) to the musical tone generating circuit 12, and the processes of steps 40 and 50 are executed. This step 32,
By cyclic processing of 35a to 35d, 40, 50, the step
35c is passed, the key press event data corresponding to the output key press key data is erased, so
All the key press key data of the newly pressed key is output to the musical tone generation circuit 12.

On the other hand, after the transmission of the pressed key data is completed or when there is no new key pressed on the keyboard 10 and a new key is released on the keyboard 10, the pressed key event data is stored in the event data register group EVTR. Due to the absence of and the presence of key release event data,
CPU13b answered "NO" in step 32,
A determination of ``YES'' is made in step 33, and the program proceeds to a key release event routine consisting of steps 36a to 36d. The CPU 13b sends key code registers KCR(1), KCR(2), . . . based on the key code KC in the key release event data read from the event data register group EVTR in step 36a.
... Finds a register KCR that stores the same key code KC as the above key code KC from KCR(N), detects the number of the musical tone generation channel corresponding to that register as key release channel number data OFFCH, and proceeds to step 36b. Key release key data consisting of key release channel number data OFFCH and key off data KOFF indicating that the key has been released is output to the musical tone generation circuit 12. The musical tone generation circuit 12 is
The musical tone signal being generated in the musical tone generation channel of the channel number indicated by the key release channel number data OFFCH is attenuated by the attenuation time determined by the specified tone and key code KC based on the key off data KOFF. Next, the program proceeds to steps 36c and 36d, and the CPU 13b inputs the channel status register CHSR specified by the key release channel number data OFFCH in step 36c.
After setting the MSB (OFFCH) to "1" and all remaining bits to "0" and deleting the key release event data that has completed the above processing from the event data register group EVTR, step 36d
Channel status register CHSR(1), CHSR
(2), . . . Add "1" to the data of all channel status registers CHSR whose most significant bit MSB is "1" and all bits are not "1". As a result, the smaller the value of the data in the channel status register CHSR while the key is being released, the more
This will later indicate that the key has been released. After completing the key release event routine of steps 36a to 36d above,
The CPU 13b processes steps 40 and 50 and moves to the register 32. Then, if the key release event data remains in the event data register group EVTR, the CPU 13b performs steps 32, 33,
The programs 36a to 36d, 40, and 50 are executed to perform new key release event processing, and after processing all the key release event data, the execution of the key processing routine is finished by the processing in step 34, and the process shown in FIG. The process moves to step 23.

d Low-frequency channel detection processing operation To explain the "low-frequency channel search" subroutine for detecting a musical sound generation channel that generates musical tones belonging to the low frequency range, the CPU 13b
Program execution starts at step 41 in the figure, and pointer register PR is set to "0" at step 42.
Initialize to . After the above initial setting process, CPU1
3b, in step 43, ``1'' is added to the data in pointer register PR to set the data in pointer register PR to ``1'', and in step 44, the first musical tone specified by the data in pointer register PR is It is determined whether the key code KC of the key code register KCR(1) corresponding to the generation channel is greater than or equal to the lower boundary key code LKC and less than or equal to the upper boundary key code UKC. 1st
If the musical sound generation channel is generating a musical sound belonging to the bass range, the CPU 13b at step 44
Based on LKC≦KCR(1)≦UKC, it is judged as “YES”, and in step 45, the channel status register is set.
Change the CHSR(1) data to all bits “0”,
Proceed the program to step 46. On the other hand, if the first musical sound generation channel is not generating a musical tone belonging to the low range (generating a musical sound in the mid-high range or not generating a musical sound), the CPU 13b selects KCR(1)> in step 44. Based on the UKC, the answer is "NO" and the program proceeds directly to step 46.
At step 46, the CPU 13b determines whether the data in the pointer register PR is "N".
In the above case, since the data in the pointer register PR is "1", the CPU 13b determines "NO" in step 46, advances the program to step 43, and sets the data in the pointer register PR to "1" in step 43. ” is added to make the same data “2”,
Execute the processing in steps 44 and 46 above. and,
The circular processing of steps 43 to 46 uses the pointer register.
The PR data is sequentially incremented by "1" and executed until the same data becomes "N". When the same data becomes "N", the CPU 13b judges "YES" in step 46 and steps the program. Proceed to step 47, and in this step 47 select "Bass range channel search"
Ends subroutine processing. By this N-times cyclic processing, all bits of all the channel status registers CHSR corresponding to the musical sound generation channels in which the musical sounds belonging to the bass range are generated are set to "0".

e Assignment channel detection processing operation To explain the "assignment channel search" subroutine that determines the tone generation channel of the tone generation circuit 12 to which the pressed key is to be assigned, the CPU 1
3b starts execution of the program at step 51 in FIG. 7, and sets the pointer register at step 52.
The PR data is set to "1", and in step 53 this data "1" is written to the assigned channel number register ACHNR, and the data of the channel status register CHSR(1) specified by the data "1" is assigned. Channel status register ACHDR
After writing to , the program advances to step 54. The CPU 13b adds "1" to the data in the pointer register PR in step 54 to make it "2", and in step 55 adds "1" to the data in the pointer register PR.
Channel status register CHSR specified by
(2) Data and allocation channel status register
Compare the assigned channel status data ACHD stored in ACHDR. In this comparison,
If the data in the channel status register CHSR(2) is greater than the allocated channel status data ACHD,
The CPU 13b judges ``YES'' and in step 56 allocates data ``2'' in the pointer register PR and writes it to the channel number register ACHNR, and writes the data in the channel status register CHSR(2) to the assigned channel status register ACHDR. After that, the program advances to step 57. On the other hand, if the data in the channel status register CHSR(2) is smaller than the allocated channel status data ACHD, the CPU 13b determines "NO" in the comparison at step 55 and directly executes the program at step 57.
Proceed to. At step 57, the CPU 13b determines whether the data in the pointer register PR is "N". In the above case, pointer register PR
Since the data in pointer register PR is "2", the CPU 13b determines "NO" in step 57, advances the program to step 54, adds "1" to the data in pointer register PR in step 54, and stores the same data. is set to "3" and the processes of steps 55 to 57 are executed.

The cyclic processing of steps 54 to 57 is executed by sequentially incrementing the data in the pointer register PR by "1" until the same data becomes "N". When the same data becomes "N", the CPU 13b executes If the answer is ``YES'' in step 57, the program proceeds to step 57, and the process of the ``assigned channel search'' subroutine is completed. Through this cyclic processing of steps 54 to 57 N-1 times, the allocated channel status register ACHDR is set to the all channel status register CHSR.
(1), CHSR(2), ...CHSR(N) data,
Data indicating the maximum data value is written, and data indicating the channel number of the channel status register CHSR that stores the same data is written into the assigned channel number register ACHNR. At this time, channel status register CHSR(1), CHSR
(2), ... CHSR (N) are each (1) each of the above registers CHSR in the musical tone generation circuit 12.
(2) If the musical tone generating channel corresponding to the key is not generating a musical tone, the data of all bits "1" is stored; (2) If the same channel is generating a musical tone that is decaying after the key is released, the most significant bit is stored. If the MSB is "1" and the remaining multiple bits are old and the key has been released, data indicating a large value is stored; (3) If the same channel is generating the musical tone that is being pressed, the most significant bit If data is stored in which the MSB is "0" and the remaining multiple bits have a large value the older the key is pressed, and (4) the same channel is generating a musical tone belonging to the bass range, all It stores bit "0" data.

Therefore, the assigned channel number register
Assigned channel number data in ACHNR
ACHN is: (1) If there is one or more musical sound generation channels that do not generate musical sounds among the N musical sound generation channels of the musical sound generation circuit 12, the channel number corresponding to the lowest number among the channels. (2) All of the above N musical tone generation channels are generating musical tones, and excluding the musical tone generation channels that are generating musical tones belonging to the low range, one channel is generating a musical tone after the key is released. Or, if there are multiple musical sound generation channels, among the same channels,
Indicates the channel number of the musical tone generating channel that is generating the musical tone of the key that was released the earliest, and (3) all of the above N musical tone generating channels are generating musical tones and are generating musical tones belonging to the low range. If all musical sound generation channels except the musical sound generation channel that is currently generating the musical tone that is being pressed, enter the channel number of the musical tone generation channel that is generating the musical tone of the key that was pressed the earliest. It will be shown.

f. Sound generation end interrupt processing operation To explain the operation when the musical sound generation by each musical sound generation channel of the musical sound generation circuit 12 ends, the musical sound generation circuit 12 issues a sound generation end signal when the musical sound generation ends in any musical sound generation channel.
The DF and sound generation end channel data DFch are output to the microcomputer section 13. When the microcomputer section 13 receives the signal DF and the data DFch, the CPU 13b interrupts the execution of the programs shown in FIGS. and program step 61, 62
Proceed to.

At steps 61 and 62, the CPU 13b writes "1" to all bits of the channel status register CHSR (DFch) and key code register KCR (DFch) specified by the sound generation end channel data DFch.
This corresponds to the initial setting of the channel status register CHSR and key code register KCR corresponding to the musical tone generation channel that has finished generating musical tones.
After processing step 62, the CPU 13b executes step 62.
In step 63, the above-mentioned "assigned channel search" subroutine is called to detect the assigned channel and step
At step 64, execution of the "DF interrupt" program is terminated and execution of the interrupted program is continued.
The processing in step 63 means that the allocated channels are updated again based on the channel status register CHSR and key code register KCR whose data has been rewritten in the processing in steps 61 and 62.

g Effects of the Embodiment As can be understood from the above operation explanation, when a key is pressed on the keyboard 10, the key press processing routine of steps 35a to 35d is executed based on the pressed key data. , key code register KCR(1),
When the data in KCR(2),...KCR(N) and channel status registers CHSR(1), CHSR(2),...CHSR(N) are rewritten and the key is released on the keyboard 10, By executing the key release processing routine of steps 36a to 36d based on the released key data,
The data in the key code register KCR and channel status register CHSR are rewritten. And this rewritten key code register KCR
By executing the "low frequency channel search" subroutine consisting of steps 41 to 47 based on the key code KC stored in the key code KC, a musical tone generating channel that is generating musical tones belonging to the low frequency range is detected.
In the "assigned channel search" subroutine consisting of steps 51 to 58, one of the musical tone generation channels other than the one currently generating musical tones in the bass range is specified as the assigned channel, and a new channel is selected on the keyboard 10. When a key is pressed, this key is assigned to the specific channel, so even if a key is pressed on the keyboard 10 in a fast playing style like the piano performance described above, the musical sound generation circuit 12
The low range musical tones being produced are not erased.
Multiple sounds in the high range can be sounded one after another while sounds in the low range are produced for a long time.

h Modifications In the embodiment configured as described above, the following modifications can be considered.

(1) In the assignment process of the above embodiment, a newly pressed key is not assigned to a musical tone generation channel that is currently generating a musical tone belonging to the low range. The key may not be assigned to a musical sound generation channel that generates a musical sound belonging to a high range or a medium range. In this case, in the initial setting process of step 21 in FIG. Instead of writing to the boundary key code register LKCR and the upper boundary key code register UKCR, the key code KC representing the highest key on the keyboard 10 and the key code KC representing a key one or two octaves lower than this key are written to the upper boundary key, respectively. Write to code register UKCR and lower boundary key code register LKCR, or key 10
Key codes representing keys located in the middle and separated by about one to two octaves may be written in the lower boundary key code register LKCR and the upper boundary key code register UKCR in pitch order. As a result, the range compared in step 44 of FIG. 6 becomes the high range or the middle range, and the newly pressed key is not assigned to a musical sound generation channel that is generating musical sounds belonging to these ranges. Therefore, while sustaining the sound generation of musical tones in the high or middle range, it is possible to successively generate musical tones in the remaining ranges by rapidly pressing keys.

Further, a plurality of such specific sound ranges (for example, a lower key range and an upper key range) may be provided.
In this case, the lower boundary key code register LKCR
A plurality of upper boundary key code registers UKCR are provided, and the CPU 13b stores a predetermined key code KC in each register in the initial setting in step 21, and stores a predetermined key code KC in each register in the comparison process in step 44. What is necessary is to perform a comparison operation for each time. This achieves the same effect as above.

Furthermore, in the above embodiments and modifications, a newly pressed key is not always assigned to a musical sound generation channel that is currently generating a musical sound belonging to a specific range (low range, middle range, treble range). The performer may be able to arbitrarily select whether or not to perform this assignment prohibition control using a switch or the like. In this case, the CPU 13b executes the process of step 40 in FIG. 5 only when the switch is turned on and the above allocation prohibition control is instructed, and when the switch is turned off and the above allocation prohibition control is instructed. If prohibition control is not selected, step 40 may be skipped.

(2) In the above embodiments and modifications, the specific range is determined by data stored in the ROM 13a, and the player cannot change this range, but the player can select this range at will. You can also. In this case, the operator group 11 and the operator switch circuit 11a are each provided with an operator for selecting one of a plurality of sound ranges and a range selection switch that is linked to this operator, and the ROM 13a is provided with an operator for selecting one of a plurality of sound ranges, and a ROM 13a is provided with a sound range selection switch that selects one of a plurality of sound ranges. Side boundary key code LKC and upper boundary key code
UKC is stored respectively, and the CPU 13b converts the lower boundary key code LKC and upper boundary key code UKC according to the state of the above-mentioned operator into the lower boundary key code LKC and the lower boundary key code UKC in the processing of steps 21 and 23 in FIG. It is preferable to write to register LKCR and upper boundary key code register UKC.

Further, the specific range may be specified using the keyboard 10. In this case, operator group 1
1 and the operator switch circuit 11a are provided with lower and upper boundary setting operators and switches linked to each of these operators, and the CPU 13
When step 23 of FIG. 4 detects that one of the switches is closed, the program shown in the flowchart of FIG. 9 is executed. The CPU 13b, which has this program stored in the ROM 13a, starts executing the program in step 70, and determines in step 71 whether or not a key is pressed on the keyboard 10. In this judgment, if there is no key pressed on the keyboard 10, the CPU 13b performs step 71.
The process continues, and if a key is pressed on the keyboard 10, the program advances to step 72, and it is determined whether the switch detected to be closed is a lower boundary setting switch or an upper boundary setting switch. do. In this determination, CPU13b
When detecting that the lower boundary setting switch is closed, the switch 73 writes the key code KC representing the key being pressed into the lower boundary key code register LKCR, and the upper boundary setting switch is closed. When it is detected that the key has been pressed, the key code KC representing the key being pressed is written to the upper boundary key code register UKCR in step 74.
At step 75, the processing of this program ends.

According to these variants, the steps in FIG.
The range compared in step 44 is the range set by the performer, and the newly pressed key will not be assigned to the musical sound generation channel that is generating the musical sound belonging to this set range. While sustaining the musical tones in the range arbitrarily selected by the user, the remaining musical tones in the remaining range can be produced one after another by rapidly pressing keys, and unprecedented performance effects can be expected.

(3) Also, a modification example in which the specific tone range is automatically set according to the tone of the musical tone generated in the musical tone generating circuit 12, that is, the tone selection operator operated in the operator group 11, will be explained. In this case, ROM13a has a lower boundary key code LKC and an upper boundary key code for each tone.
Each UKC is memorized, and a program corresponding to the flowchart shown in FIG. 10 is also memorized. Note that for wind instrument tones such as flutes and oboes that have short decay times, it is not necessary to continue producing musical tones in a specific range for a long time, so the lower boundary key code LKC and upper boundary key code UKC that specify the above specific range are used. is not remembered. In the modified example configured as described above, when the CPU 13b detects the input of a new timbre selection operator at steps 21 and 23 in FIG. In step 81, it is determined whether the selected timbre requires designation of a specific tone range according to the type of the newly inputted timbre selection operator. In this determination,
If the CPU 13b determines "YES", that is, the tone requires the specification of a specific range, then in step 82 it generates the lower boundary key code LKC and upper boundary key code UKC corresponding to the tone.
Read from ROM13a and register these key codes LKC and UKC in step 83.
After writing to LKCR and UKCR, execution of this program ends at step 85. Also,
If the CPU 13b determines "NO", that is, the selected tone does not require specification of a specific range, the register
After writing all bits "1" to LKCR and UKCR, execution of this program ends at step 85. Both key code registers LKCR,
Writing all bits to UKCR as "1" means that no specific range is set. As a result, the range to be compared in step 44 of FIG. 6 is automatically set according to the tone generated by the musical tone generation circuit 12, so that the decay time is set corresponding to the tone. An appropriate specific range is set depending on the length of the sound.

(4) In the above embodiments and modified examples, a musical sound generation channel that is generating a musical sound belonging to a specific range is detected in the "low range channel search" subroutine shown in FIG. 6, and the "assigned channel search" subroutine shown in FIG. 7 is detected. One of the musical tone generating channels other than the musical tone generating channel detected in the above-mentioned "low range channel search" subroutine is designated as the assigned channel, and the newly pressed key on the keyboard 10 is designated as the above designated channel. However, in the "low range channel search" subroutine, a musical sound generating channel that is generating a musical sound that does not belong to a specific range or a same channel that is not generating a musical sound is detected.
One of these detection channels may be designated as an assignment channel in the "assignment channel search" subroutine, and a newly pressed key on the keyboard 10 may be assigned to the designated assignment channel. In this case, the RAM in Figure 2
13C is provided with a flag register corresponding to each musical sound generation channel to store a flag indicating whether or not assignment to the same channel is permitted in response to a new key press, and in the "low range channel search" subroutine, The above flags corresponding to musical sound generation channels that are generating musical sounds that do not belong to a specific range and musical sound generation channels that are not generating musical sounds are set to "1", and the above flags corresponding to musical sound generation channels other than these are set to "0". ”, and any one of the tone generation channels whose flag is set to “1” is designated as the assigned channel in the “assigned channel search” subroutine.

(5) In the above embodiments and modifications, the musical tone generation circuit 1
In a state where musical tones are being generated in all musical tone generating channels of No. 2 and there is a musical tone generating channel that is generating musical tones that are attenuating, the keyboard 1
The characteristic cited in the prior art is used as a condition for assigning the newly pressed key at 0 to a musical sound generation channel that is generating a musical sound that is decaying, other than the musical sound generation channel that is generating a musical sound that belongs to the above-mentioned specific range. As disclosed in Publication No. 59-22238, the musical sound generation channel that generates the musical sound whose key was released earliest is given a higher allocation priority, but as the above allocation condition, the Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 1987-22238, which was also cited in the prior art, As disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 52-25613, the lower the envelope level value of the musical tone generated by the musical tone generating circuit 12, the higher the allocation priority may be. In this case, when a new key is pressed, the CPU 13b
Enter the envelope level value from each musical sound generation channel other than the musical sound generation channel that generates the musical sound belonging to the above-mentioned specific range of the musical sound generation circuit 12, and assign the number of the musical sound generation channel with the smallest value to channel number data.
After setting it as ACHN, the newly pressed key is assigned to the musical sound generation channel indicated by the same data ACHN.

(6) In the above embodiments and modifications, the musical tone generation circuit 1
When a new key is pressed on the keyboard 10 in a state where all musical sound generation channels No. 2 are generating musical tones that are currently being pressed, all musical sound generation channels other than those generating musical tones belonging to the above-mentioned specific range are generated when a new key is pressed on the keyboard 10. A priority system was adopted after assigning the new key to the musical sound generation channel to which the oldest pressed key among the generation channels was assigned, but if all the musical sound generation channels are generating the musical tone currently being pressed may not assign newly pressed keys. In this case, when a new key is pressed on the keyboard 10, each channel status register CHSR(1), CHSR(2),...CHSR(N)
It is preferable to determine whether or not the most significant bit MSB of the key is "0", and if it is "0", the assignment of the newly pressed key to the tone generation channel is prohibited.

(7) In the above embodiment, the electronic musical instrument according to the present invention is constructed using a microcomputer, but the
It may also be constituted by a hard logic circuit as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-22238. When this invention is applied to the key press assignment device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 52-25613,
A window comparator that compares and detects that the value of the key code KC* output from the key code storage circuit 1 shown in Figure 1 of the same publication is between the lower boundary key code LKC and the upper boundary key code UKC; Envelope amplitude value G supplied to the truncate control circuit 13 based on the comparison result
A new change control circuit is installed to change the key code LKC and the window comparator.
UKC, that is, the channel to which the key code KC* included in the specific range is detected, and the change control circuit detects that the tone generation in this detected channel has not been completed (output from circuit 27). The envelope amplitude value G of the channel supplied to the truncate control circuit 13 is forcibly changed to a large value, for example, all bits are "1", on the condition that the envelope amplitude value G of the channel is not "0". Just do it.

Furthermore, when the present invention is applied to the key press assignment device shown in Japanese Patent Publication No. 59-22238, the value of the key code KC* output from the shift register 31 shown in FIG. A window comparator that compares and detects whether the key code LKC is between the upper boundary key code UKC and a control logic circuit that controls the signal NP supplied to the inverter IN4 based on the comparison result are newly installed, and the above-mentioned The window comparator detects a channel to which a value between both key codes LKC and UKC, that is, a key code KC* included in the above-mentioned specific range, is assigned, and the above-mentioned control logic circuit finishes generating musical tones on this detected channel. Provided that this is not the case, the NP of the above signal may be set to "1" at the time division timing indicating the same channel.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram corresponding to the configuration of the invention described in the claims, FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment of an electronic musical instrument to which this invention is applied, and FIGS. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of a memory map of the RAM 13C provided in the microcomputer section 13 shown in FIG. Figure 5 is the fourth
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a flowchart corresponding to the detailed key processing program in the main program shown in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing an example of a flowchart corresponding to the "assigned channel search" subroutine program;
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a flowchart corresponding to the "DF interrupt" program, and FIGS. 9 and 10 are diagrams showing an example of a flowchart corresponding to the "range setting" program according to other embodiments. be. Explanation of symbols: 10...keyboard, 10a...key switch circuit, 11...operator group, 11a...operator switch, 12...musical tone generation circuit, 13...microcomputer section.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A keyboard comprising a plurality of keys, and a plurality of musical tone generation channels corresponding to a maximum number of simultaneous pronunciations smaller than the number of keys, and each of the musical tone generation channels is assigned to the corresponding channel. a musical tone generating means configured to generate a musical tone of a pitch corresponding to a key pressed; an assigning means for allocating a newly pressed key on the keyboard to one of the plurality of musical tone generation channels; When a new key is pressed on the keyboard in a state where all of the musical sound generation channels are generating musical tones, the musical sound that is decaying among the plurality of musical sound generation channels is selected as the musical sound generation channel to which the key is assigned. and allocation channel instructing means for instructing the allocating means to select one of the musical sound generating channels generating the attenuating musical tone, the electronic musical instrument comprising: at least one of the musical tone generating channels generating the attenuating musical tone in a predetermined range; a detection means for detecting a musical sound generation channel to which a key belonging to the predetermined range is assigned, and a musical sound generation channel other than the musical sound generation channel to which a key belonging to the predetermined range is assigned, based on the detection by the detection means, the assignment channel instructing means an electronic musical instrument, further comprising: control means for controlling the allocation channel instruction means to instruct the allocation channel instruction means. 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the detection means detects a musical tone generation channel to which a key belonging to a tone range lower than a predetermined pitch is assigned. 3. The detection means detects a musical sound generation channel to which a key belonging to a range lower than a predetermined pitch is assigned, and each musical sound generation channel of the musical sound generation means converts a musical sound in a low range into a musical sound in a high range. 2. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the electronic musical instrument is generated with a long decay time. 4. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the detection means detects a musical sound generation channel to which a key belonging to a range higher than a predetermined pitch is assigned. 5. The detection means detects a musical sound generation channel to which a key belonging to a range between a predetermined first pitch and a predetermined second pitch higher than the first pitch is assigned. An electronic musical instrument according to claim 1. 6. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the detection means detects a musical sound generation channel to which a key belonging to a fixed range is assigned. 7. The electronic musical instrument according to claim 1, wherein the detecting means detects a musical sound generation channel to which a key belonging to a range set by the player is assigned. 8. The detection means detects a musical sound generation channel to which a key belonging to a range arbitrarily set on a keyboard is assigned.
Electronic musical instruments as described in section. 9. Claim 1, wherein the detection means detects a musical sound generation channel to which a key belonging to a range determined in accordance with the timbre of the musical sound generated by the musical sound generation means is assigned. Electronic musical instruments described in .