JPS6222883A - Rapid heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To rapidly heat a material to be heated, by providing a heater contg. a first metal hydride,an electric heater provided so as to exchange heat with the heater, a hydrogen storage container and a communicating tube which connects the heater to the hydrogen storage container. CONSTITUTION:The titled device comprises a heater 1 (a) contg. a first metal hydride MH1 and capable of exchanging heat with a material to be heated, an electric heater 7 (b) provided so as to exchange heat with the heater 1, a hydrogen storage container 6 (c) contg. hydrogen or a second metal hydride MH2 and a communicating tube 5 which communicates the heater 1 with the hydrogen storage container 6 with a hydrogen flowing valve 4. The titled heating device is responsible for a heating step of transferring hydrogen from the hydrogen storage container 6 to the heater 1, where hydrogen is occluded in MH1 to generate heat, thereby rapidly heating the material to be heated as well as heating the electric heater 7 and a preparation step of lowering the hydrogen equilibrium pressure of MH2 or heating the heater 1 with the electric heater 7, thereby releasing hydrogen and transferring hydrogen to the hydrogen storage container.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a rapid heating device, and more particularly, to a rapid heating device for rapidly heating a substance to be heated by utilizing an exothermic reaction when a metal hydride absorbs hydrogen. Regarding equipment.

(Prior art) For example, various measuring instruments and recorders can usually be used only after turning on the power and raising the temperature to a certain temperature by a predetermined mechanism inside the device. . However, in general, in cold regions or early in the morning in winter, the temperature is low, so unless the above equipment is placed in a constant temperature room at a predetermined temperature, it will warm up to a usable temperature as described above. Usually requires a waiting time of several minutes to more than ten minutes. Furthermore, household heaters, such as electric stoves and electric fan heaters, have a slow rate of temperature rise even when the power is turned on, and there is still a waiting time before they operate properly. However, for rapid heating, for example, if an extremely large current is applied to the heating device, the temperature increase rate can be increased, but this increases the equipment cost and there are no uses other than such rapid heating. If there is no such equipment, it will be excess equipment.

Furthermore, it is not energy efficient.

(Object of the invention) The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned points,
The objective is to provide a device for rapidly heating a substance to be heated. The object of the present invention is to provide a rapid heating device capable of heating the temperature.

(Structure of the Invention) The present invention is an apparatus for rapidly heating a substance to be heated, comprising: (a heater containing a first metal hydride and capable of exchanging heat with the substance to be heated; (b) an electric heater arranged to be able to exchange heat with the heater; (c) a hydrogen storage container containing hydrogen or a second metal hydride; (e) the heater and the hydrogen storage container. and a communication pipe which is connected to the first metal hydride by a hydrogen flow valve, and the hydrogen flow valve is opened to transfer hydrogen from the hydrogen storage container to the heater, and the hydrogen is transferred to the first metal hydride. In addition to occluding and generating heat to rapidly heat the substance to be heated,
Hydrogen is removed from the first metal hydride by heating the electric heater and lowering the hydrogen equilibrium pressure of the second metal hydride, or by heating the heater with the electric heater. and a preparation step of releasing the hydrogen and transferring it to the hydrogen storage container.

The present invention will be described below based on drawings showing examples.

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a rapid heating device according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG. 1.

The heater 1 is formed into a sealed tubular shape having a plurality of radially extending fins 2 on its outer wall surface, and has a first tube inside.
A plurality of metal hydrides (hereinafter referred to as M H+ ) are housed in a suitable housing 3. A heating medium that requires rapid heating, such as gas, liquid, etc., and other substances to be heated, are passed through the space between the housing and the heater, and heat exchanged with the heater and an electric heater to be described later. Ru.

Further, the heater is connected to a hydrogen storage container 6 via a communication pipe 5 equipped with a hydrogen flow valve 4, and an electric heater 7 having an outer wall surface as a heat transfer surface is installed in the center of the plurality of heaters. It is arranged so that heat can be exchanged with the fins. However, the heater does not need to have any fins as long as it can exchange heat with the electric heater, for example, the electric heater can directly exchange heat with the outer wall of the tubular heater on its wall. It may be arranged.

FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment of the rapid heating device according to the invention.
As mentioned above, the sealed tubular heater 1 has a plurality of fins 2 extending in the radial direction from the outer wall surface, and a cylindrical electric heater 1 that can exchange heat with the fins. A heater 7 is arranged coaxially with the heater to accommodate the heater. Therefore, in this embodiment, the electric heater can also serve as the housing.

The hydrogen storage container 6 is filled with hydrogen or contains a second metal hydride (hereinafter referred to as MH2) whose hydrogen equilibrium pressure is higher than MH in the operating temperature range, and the communication pipe The hydrogen flow valve 4 of 5 communicates with the heater 1 during the heating process and preparatory process, which will be described later. The hydrogen storage container 6 is heat exchanged with the environment, for example with the outside air, or with a suitable heat medium.

Next, the operation of the rapid heating device according to the present invention will be explained.

FIG. 4 is a cycle diagram showing the operation of an apparatus using a container filled with hydrogen as a hydrogen storage container, where the horizontal axis represents the reciprocal of the absolute temperature T, and the vertical axis represents the hydrogen equilibrium pressure P of the metal hydride. indicates the logarithm of The hydrogen equilibrium pressure of MH built in the heater is lower than the hydrogen pressure P in the hydrogen storage container at the heating temperature Tb of the substance to be heated by the heater, and at a predetermined temperature Ta in the preparation step described later. , is chosen to be higher than the hydrogen pressure P in the hydrogen storage vessel.

The rapid heating device according to the invention performs a heating step and a preparatory step. First, in order to carry out the heating process, the hydrogen flow valve 4 is opened and the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage container 6 is allowed to flow into the heater I, so that the MH in the heater absorbs the hydrogen and generates heat. Heat the vessel to temperature Tb. The increased temperature of this heater is used to heat the substance to be heated.

During this heating step, the hydrogen pressure within the hydrogen storage container decreases to some extent.

Furthermore, in this heating step, the electric heater 7 is preferably energized almost simultaneously with the start of operation of the heater, that is, almost simultaneously with the opening of the hydrogen flow valve. Therefore, since the electric heater itself generates heat and is also heated by the heater, the temperature rises rapidly, and thus, together with the heater, the substance to be heated is heated to a predetermined temperature. The electricity supply to the electric heater is continued at least until the preparation process described below is completed. Further, when it is necessary to continue heating the substance to be heated, the electric heater continues to heat the substance for 1 m.

The preparation process is to prepare the MH in the heater as described above.

In this step, the hydrogen stored in the MH is released from the MH and returned to the hydrogen storage container in preparation for the next heating step. As mentioned above, the electric heater is energized almost at the same time as the heater is activated, so it is necessary to either stop heating the substance to be heated or
Or, if you heat the heater to temperature Ta with an electric heater,
MH+ in the heater endothermically releases hydrogen at a temperature Ta, and at this temperature Ta, as mentioned above, the hydrogen equilibrium pressure of MH, is higher than the hydrogen pressure P in the hydrogen storage container, so this hydrogen The hydrogen returns to the hydrogen storage container via the communication pipe, and the hydrogen pressure in the hydrogen storage container returns to its original pressure.

After this, close the hydrogen flow valve and prepare for the next operation. When heating the heater with the electric heater in this preparatory step, it is preferable to increase the amount of current applied to the electric heater when the substance to be heated is continuously heated.

FIG. 5 is a cycle diagram showing the operation of a device in which a hydrogen storage container is filled with MH whose hydrogen equilibrium pressure is higher than MH in the operating temperature range. When the heater is in operation, for example, at atmospheric temperature Tc, these metal hydrides are MH2 and MH2 is MH2 at temperature Td.

On the other hand, at the temperature Ta of the heater in the preparation process, MH, has a higher hydrogen equilibrium pressure than MH! at temperature Tb.
The hydrogen equilibrium pressure is selected so that it is higher than the hydrogen equilibrium pressure. Here is the temperature T
``b'' is the temperature at which MH absorbs hydrogen and heats up, and is determined depending on the mode of heat exchange with the environment,
For example, when exchanging heat with the atmosphere, the temperature is somewhat higher than the temperature Tc.

Therefore, in the heating process, when the hydrogen flow valve is opened, the MH in the hydrogen storage container releases hydrogen while absorbing heat from the atmosphere at the temperature Tc, and the MH in the heater absorbs this hydrogen and generates heat. Then, the heater is heated to the temperature Td.

Even in the case of such an operation, the electric heater, which is disposed so as to be able to exchange heat with the heater, is energized almost simultaneously with the operation of the heater, so that in the heating process, as described above,
Since the electric heater itself generates heat and is also heated by the heater, the temperature rises rapidly, reaches a predetermined temperature, and heats the substance to be heated together with the heater.

In the preparation process, as mentioned above, the electric heater is energized almost at the same time as the heater is activated, so
If the heating of the substance to be heated is stopped or the heater is heated to a temperature Ta using an electric heater, the MH in the heater endothermically releases hydrogen, and at this temperature Ta, as mentioned above, the MH , is higher than the hydrogen equilibrium pressure at temperature Tb in MHz, this hydrogen returns to the hydrogen storage container via the communication pipe and is stored in MH,. M H2 at this time
The heat generated is, for example, dissipated into the atmosphere. After this, close the hydrogen flow valve and prepare for the next operation.

Furthermore, in the present invention, instead of the above preparation step, the temperature of MH2 in the hydrogen storage container is lowered.

A temperature T such that the hydrogen equilibrium pressure of MHz is lower than the hydrogen equilibrium pressure of MH at the temperature Td of the heater in the heating process.
By setting e, as shown by the broken line in Fig. 5,
Hydrogen can be transferred from M H+ to MH,.

In the above, the operation of the rapid heater according to the present invention has been explained assuming that the first metal hydride and the second metal hydride are different; however, in the present invention, the first metal hydride and the second metal hydride are different. The second metal hydride may be the same. In this case, in the heating process, when the hydrogen storage container is held at a high temperature and the hydrogen flow valve is opened, the hydrogen inside the hydrogen storage container is released, and this hydrogen is transferred to the MH in the heater.
, occludes and rapidly generates heat. In the preparation process,
When the MH2 in the hydrogen storage container is cooled to a low temperature, the MHI in the heater releases hydrogen, and the MH, absorbs this hydrogen.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the apparatus of the present invention, since the exothermic reaction when metal hydride absorbs hydrogen is used, the substance to be heated can be rapidly absorbed by using it in combination with heating by an electric heater. As mentioned above, it is possible to shorten the waiting time between turning on the power of various devices and using them, or shortening the waiting time when using a heater. Furthermore, according to the apparatus of the present invention, the heater is heated to a predetermined temperature by the electric heater after the heating process, regardless of the usage mode or environment of the rapid heater, so that the preparation process can be performed reliably. Complete and ready for next operation.

(Example) Examples of the apparatus of the present invention will be described below.

Example 1 Using a device operating as shown in FIG. 4, rapid heating was carried out while supplying air as a material to be heated into the housing. As MH of the heater, LaN1n, aAlo, z
Using 1.0 kg of P
b=6 atm, Pa=9 atm.

In the heating process, electricity was started to be applied to the electric heater with a capacity of IKW almost at the same time as the hydrogen flow valve was opened. Temperature O″C
The temperature of the air reaches 40℃ after 5 seconds, and 50℃ after 10 seconds.
The air was then heated continuously to 50°C.

In the preparation process, when the supply of air to the heater was stopped, the temperature of the heater reached Ta = 130°C, and the same amount of hydrogen as that flowing into the heater in the heating process could be returned to the hydrogen storage container. Ta. FIG. 6 shows the relationship between time and air temperature in the above heating step and preparation step. In the figure,
The solid line shows the temperature change of the air when the rapid heater of the present invention is used, and the broken line shows the temperature change of the air when the air is heated using the electric heater alone. Obviously, according to the rapid heating device of the present invention, the rate of temperature rise of air is high.

Example 2 Air was rapidly heated in the same manner as in Example 1 using an apparatus operating as shown in FIG. MH of the heater, as C
aNi5. o is 1 kg, M Ht of the hydrogen storage container is MmNi41A1 +1.2 (Mm indicates Mitshu metal) 1 kg, Tc = 20 ° C, Tb = 20
℃, Td=100°C, and Ta=150°C, Pd=6 atmospheres and Pa=10 atmospheres.

When electricity was applied to the electric heater almost at the same time as the hydrogen flow valve was opened, the temperature of the air at 30°C was raised to 90°C in 10 seconds.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a conceptual diagram showing a rapid heating device according to the present invention;
The figures are a sectional view taken along the line A-A in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of the rapid heating device according to the present invention, and FIGS. 4 and 5 illustrate the operation of the device according to the present invention. The cycle diagram shown in FIG. 6 is a graph showing the temperature increase rate of air when air is heated using the apparatus according to the present invention. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Heater, 2... Fin, 3... Housing, 4... Hydrogen distribution valve, 5... Communication pipe, 6... Hydrogen storage container, 7... Electric heater. Patent applicant Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd. Representative Hiroshi 1) Kaoru Figure 1 Figure 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) An apparatus for rapidly heating a substance to be heated, comprising: (a) a heater containing a first metal hydride and capable of exchanging heat with the substance to be heated; (b) the above heating device; (c) a hydrogen storage container containing hydrogen or a second metal hydride; (c) the heater and the hydrogen storage container are connected by a hydrogen flow valve; and a communication pipe that is communicatively connected, the hydrogen flow valve is opened to transfer hydrogen from the hydrogen storage container to the heater, and the first metal hydride absorbs the hydrogen and generates heat. , a heating step of rapidly heating the substance to be heated and heating the electric heater, and lowering the hydrogen equilibrium pressure of the second metal hydride, or heating the heater with the electric heater. A rapid heating apparatus comprising: a preparatory step of releasing hydrogen from the first metal hydride and transferring it to the hydrogen storage container.