JPH04244561A - Thermal drive cold generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To efficiently use an apparatus by providing cold removing means for removing cold at the time of discharging hydrogen from first metal hydride, and generating means having a turbine to be driven by the movement of hydrogen between second metal hydrides. CONSTITUTION:When a room cooling is not conducted, metal hydrides of vessels 3, 4 are not used, but only metal hydrides of vessels 1, 2 are used. In this case, movements of hydrogens between the vessels 1 and 3 and between the vessels 2 and 4 are stopped by switching valves 16a, 16b, one of the hydrides of the vessels 1, 2 is raised to high temperature and high pressure, the other is cooled, and to ambient temperature and low pressure, a gas turbine 17 is driven by the movement of the hydrogen therebetween, and a generator 18 is generated. The process is switched by switching means 7 and gas 3-way valves 14, 15 to continuously electrically generate.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

0001

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a thermally driven cold heat generating device using metal hydrides.

0002

2. Description of the Related Art It is known that certain metals and alloys absorb hydrogen exothermically to form metal hydrides, and that these metal hydrides reversibly release hydrogen. (When a metal hydride is dehydrogenated, it becomes a metal, but we will refer to it as a metal hydride, including this case.) In recent years, systems for obtaining cold or hot heat using the properties of metal hydrides have been developed. For example, it is proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-4111.

0003

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] However, when using these conventional systems for heating and cooling, there is a problem that the system cannot be used effectively in spring and autumn.

0004

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention has been made in view of the above points.
Using a second metal hydride having a lower equilibrium hydrogen pressure than the metal hydride, the second metal hydride is heated and the hydrogen generated thereby is absorbed into the first metal hydride, and then the A thermally driven cold heat generating device having a plurality of heat absorbing and releasing mechanisms for extracting cold heat by releasing hydrogen from the first metal hydride, a cold heat extracting means for extracting cold heat when hydrogen is released from the first metal hydride; is provided between the plurality of second metal hydrides, and these second metal hydrides are provided between the plurality of second metal hydrides.
power generation means comprising a turbine driven by hydrogen transfer between the metal hydrides.

[0005]

[Operation] In the present invention, a plurality of second metal hydrides are used, one is heated and the other metal hydride is cooled, and a gas turbine installed between the two metal hydrides is rotated by the movement of hydrogen between the two metal hydrides. Since it generates electricity, even if this device is not used for air conditioning or heating, the shaft work of the turbine can be done accordingly and electricity can be generated, so the system can be used efficiently throughout the year.

[0006]

[Example] Figure 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the cold heat generating device of the present invention, and 1 and 2 house a LaNi5-based metal hydride MH1 that has a high hydrogen equilibrium pressure in the operating temperature range of this system. Containers 3 and 4 are hydrogen in the operating temperature range of this system. MmNi has a low equilibrium pressure.
This is a container containing a 5-series metal hydride MH2. These containers 1 and 2 are provided with three-way valves 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d,
It is alternately connected to the heating section 9 and the heat dissipation section 10 via a switching means 7 constituted by pipe bodies 6a and 6b. Further, a heat radiation section 10 and a cooling load 11 are alternately connected to the containers 3 and 4 via a switching means 8 constituted by three-way valves 5e, 5f, 5g, and 5h and pipe bodies 6c and 6d. Further, the heating section 9 is composed of a boiler or the like, and heats a heat medium made of oil or the like and sends it into the metal hydride storage container 1 or 2 in a heat exchange manner by switching the three-way valves 5a to 5d. On the contrary, the heat dissipation section 10 includes metal hydride storage containers 1 and 2.
connected for heat exchange. Furthermore, by switching the three-way valves 5e to 5h, the metal hydride containers 3, 4, the heat dissipation section 10,
The cooling load 11 is connected in a heat exchange manner. For example, alcohol or the like may be used as the heat medium at this time.

Further, the containers 1 and 3 and the containers 2 and 4 are connected by hydrogen conduits 12 and 13, respectively. Furthermore, apart from this pipe, gas three-way valves 14 and 15 are installed between the containers 1 and 2.
A gas turbine 17 and a generator 18 are connected via. In such an apparatus, the heating section 9 and the three-way valves 5a to 5h of the switching sections 7 and 8 are centrally controlled by a control section 19.

FIG. 2 shows temperature and pressure characteristics of the LaNi5-based metal hydride and the MmNi5-based metal hydride used in the present invention. The operation will be explained using FIGS. 1 and 2.

First, the heating section 9 is heated by a boiler, and the heated heating medium oil is introduced into the storage container 1 in a heat exchange manner. Then, the metal hydride in the container 1 is heated, and the hydrogen in the container 1 is heated at high temperature and high pressure (
10 atm). As a result, it is exothermically occluded in the metal hydride in the storage container 3 (SB state). This cycle is referred to as the first cycle.

On the other hand, the inside of the storage container 2 for the metal hydride MH2, which is maintained at room temperature by the radiator 10, is at room temperature and low pressure, and the inside of the storage container 4 for the metal hydride MH1, which has hydrogen stored therein, is at room temperature and low pressure. It is under high pressure at room temperature. Therefore, hydrogen flows from the storage container 4 to the storage container 2 through the hydrogen conduit 13, and the metal hydride MH1 in the storage container 4 is
Hydrogen is generated endothermically. This hydrogen is stored in storage container 2.
is exothermically occluded in the metal hydride MH2. Therefore, by switching the three-way valves 5e to 5h, the control unit 19 connects the cooling load 11 and the storage container 4 in a heat exchange manner, and the cold heat generated by the endothermic phenomenon of the metal hydride MH1 in the storage container 4 is removed. It is supplied to the cooling load 11. At this time,
The state inside the storage container 4 containing the metal hydride MH1 is SC.
The metal hydride MH is maintained at a higher pressure state SD than
Container 2 containing 2 is held in state SC. This state continues until hydrogen release from metal hydride MH1 is almost completed. This cycle is referred to as the second cycle.

After this cycle is completed, the switching means 7 and 8 switch the three-way valves 5a to 5h to switch the container 1 into the heat radiating section 10, the container 2 into the heating section 9, and the container 3 into the cooling load 11. , connecting the container 4 to the heat radiation part 10 in a heat exchange manner,
By repeating the first and second cycles similar to those described above, cold heat can be obtained continuously.

[0012] Also, when not obtaining cold heat (when not using air conditioning), the metal hydride in containers 3 and 4 is not used, and the metal hydride in container 1 is not used.
, 2 metal hydrides are used only. This operating method will be described below.

At this time, the hydrogen movement between the containers 1 and 3 and between the containers 2 and 4 is stopped by the on-off valves 16a and 16b.
One of the two metal hydrides is brought to high temperature and pressure, the other is cooled,
At room temperature and low pressure, the hydrogen transfer during this time drives the gas turbine 17 (from the SA state to the SC state), and the generator 18
generates electricity. By switching this process by switching the switching means 7 and the three-way gas valves 14 and 15, power generation is performed continuously.

[0014]

Effects of the Invention The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and uses a first metal hydride with a high equilibrium hydrogen pressure and a second metal hydride with a low equilibrium hydrogen pressure. A plurality of heat absorbing and releasing mechanisms that heat a second metal hydride and absorb the generated hydrogen into the first metal hydride, and then extract cold heat by releasing hydrogen from the first metal hydride. A thermally driven cold heat generating device comprising: a cold heat extraction means for extracting cold heat when hydrogen is released from the first metal hydride; and a cold heat extraction means provided between the plurality of second metal hydrides; A power generation means equipped with a turbine driven by hydrogen transfer between hydrides is provided, so even when the device is not used for cooling or heating, multiple second metal hydrides can be used and one of the One metal hydride is heated, the other metal hydride is cooled, and a gas turbine installed between the two metal hydrides is rotated by the movement of hydrogen between the two metal hydrides to generate electricity, allowing efficient use of the device.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram of an embodiment of a thermally driven cold generating device of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the absorption and release characteristics of hydrogen gas in the metal hydride used in the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols] 1 Metal hydride container 2 Metal hydride container 3 Metal hydride container 4 Metal hydride container 5a 3-way valve 5b 3-way valve 5c 3-way valve 5d 3-way valve 5e 3-way valve 5f 3-way valve 5g 3-way valve 5h 3-way valve 6a　　　Pipe body 6b Pipe body 6c　　　Pipe body 6d Pipe body 7 Switching means 8. Switching means 9 Heating section 10 Heat dissipation part 11 Cooling load 12 Hydrogen pipe 13 Hydrogen pipe 14 Gas 3-way valve 15 Gas 3-way valve 16a On-off valve 16b On-off valve 17 Gas turbine 18 Generator 19 Control section

Claims (1)

[Claims] Claim 1: Using a first metal hydride with a high equilibrium hydrogen pressure and a second metal hydride with a low equilibrium hydrogen pressure, the second metal hydride is heated and the hydrogen generated thereby is heated. After absorption into the metal hydride of 1,
In a thermally driven cold heat generating device having a plurality of heat absorbing and releasing mechanisms for extracting cold heat by releasing hydrogen from the first metal hydride, a cold heat extracting means for extracting cold heat when hydrogen is released from the first metal hydride. and the second of the plurality of above
A thermally driven cold heat generating device comprising: a power generation means provided between two metal hydrides, and equipped with a turbine driven by hydrogen transfer between these second metal hydrides.