JPS62227805A - Spike tire - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To make the projecting length of a spike variable according to a road condition, by setting up a cushioning material, dispersing grains composed of such a material whose hardness is varied according to a temperature change in the base material made of an elastic material, between the base of a spike pin and a tire. CONSTITUTION:In case of a spike tire 1 made up of embedding a spike 4 in and around a tread 3 of a tire 2, the spike 4 is provided with a shank 6 embedding a tip 5 in the head part 7, and this shank 6, in turn, solidly forms a flange 8 in the basal part. In this case, a cushioning material 11 is interposed between this flange 8 of the shank 6 and the tire 2. This cushioning material 11 is formed of dispersing grains 13 composed of such a material that varies in hardness due to a temperature change, in a base material 12 consisting of an elastic material of rubber or the like. As for the material constituting these grains, for example, swelling matter of gelatine or the like or a polymer of vinyl acetate and a mixture or a compound of these materials are used.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] (A) Purpose of the Invention [Field of Industrial Application] This invention relates to the structure of a spike tie ψ used when wheels run on icy and snowy roads.

[Prior art] - When a vehicle runs on an icy road, etc., a number of spikes (spikes) are applied from the tread of the tie A to prevent the tires from slipping.
It is conventionally known to use spike ties V with protruding studs.

A conventional spike tire has a structure in which spikes are driven into a snow tire and protrude by 1.5 to 2.0 rra from the tie V surface. A tip made of cemented carbide or the like is usually attached to the tip of the spike for wear resistance.

Conventional spiked tires have this structure, so
On roads without ice or snow, these spikes scrape the road surface and scatter into the atmosphere as powder, causing pollution problems. As a countermeasure, current measures include reducing the protrusion jd of the spikes to 1.0 to 1.5 mm, or increasing the number of spikes from 154 per tire to 12.
Efforts have been made to reduce the number of tire tires to 171 tires per tire on ice and snow, but this does not essentially solve the pollution problem and, on the other hand, reduces the performance of tires on icy and snowy roads.
This is considered to be a problem from a safety standpoint. In addition, in recent years, it has been considered to insert and remove spikes depending on the road surface situation, but these conventional spike pins have an extremely complicated structure.
In addition, a stiff actuator (for example, a pneumatic actuator or an electric actuator) is required to insert and remove the spike pin, resulting in a large size and high price, so that it has not been put to practical use.

For these reasons, it is desired to develop spike tines that do not scrape the road surface and can maintain tire performance on icy and snowy roads, are compact in size, are inexpensive, and operate reliably. ing.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] This invention 4.1 has been made in view of the above circumstances, and it is possible to change the length of the spike protruding from the tire surface depending on the road surface condition. As a result, the scraping of the road surface is significantly reduced, the performance of the tie ψ on icy and snowy roads is not degraded, and, importantly, the structure is designed to operate reliably in the cylinder and at a low price. The purpose of this invention is to provide a spike pin that is easy to use.

(B) Structure of the invention [Means for solving the problem] In accordance with this object, the spike tie of the present invention is provided with a spike pin embedded in the tire, and the base of the spike pin and the The tire is characterized by disposing a cushioning material between the tires, which is made by dispersing particles made of a material whose hardness changes according to changes in humidity in a base material made of an elastic material.

Hereinafter, details of the present invention will be explained with reference to the drawings showing one embodiment.

In FIGS. 1 and 2, 1 is a spiked tire, and a spike tie The tip 5 is embedded in the top 7 of the shank 6. The top 7 of the shank 6 and the tip 5 protrude outward from the tread 3 of the tire 2. A flange 8 is formed integrally with the shaft link 6 at the base thereof. The tip 5 is made of cemented carbide, and the shank 6 is made of metal or hard rubber, for example.

A loose fitting 1ii4411 is attached to the lower surface of the flange 8. Therefore, a cushioning material 11 is interposed between the flange 8 and the tire 2, and the load acting on the tip 5 in the axial direction of the spike pin is transmitted to the shank 6 and further transmitted to the tire 2 via the cushioning material 11. Ru.

The buffer material 11 is made of a particle-dispersed material in which particles 13 are dispersed in a base material 12 .

The base 4412 is made of an elastic material such as rubber.

The particles 13 are made of a material whose hardness changes with changes in temperature, that is, the hardness is small when the temperature is high, and the hardness is large when the temperature is low.

As the material constituting the J: eel particles 13, swelling substances such as gelatin, polymers of vinyl acetate, and mixtures or compounds thereof can be used. The hardness of gelatin can be adjusted by adjusting the moisture content or additives, and the softening point and softening state of vinyl acetate polymers can be adjusted by adding plasticizers.
In both cases, the softening temperature and degree of softening can be adjusted in the vicinity of 0°C to 20°C.

[Effect]　　　　.

When the spike pin J3 is configured in this way, the temperature of the buffer material 11 changes due to the temperature of the surrounding environment or heat transfer from the shank 6, and the hardness of the particles dispersed in the buffer material 11 changes. changes, and therefore the elasticity and hardness of the entire wL'tM material 11 change.

When the spiked tire 1 runs on an icy and snowy road surface, the temperature of the buffer +A11 decreases and its hardness increases, so that when an axial load is applied to the spike 4, the load is transferred to the shank. 6 to the cushioning material 11, but since the cushioning material 11 has increased hardness and does not deform, the amount of protrusion of the spikes 4 from the tread surface 3 is ensured, the spikes 4 reliably dig into the ice and snow, and the tire 2 No slipping.

Next, spike tire 1 is asphalt 1 where there is no ice or snow.
- When driving on a road surface or the like, the temperature of the cushioning material 11 increases by 1 degree due to the environmental temperature or the frictional heat transmitted from the spikes 4, and the cushioning material 11 softens by 1 degree. Therefore, spike 4
When a directional load is applied to, the loose WI material 11 deforms,
The spikes 4 are retracted from the tread 3 of the tie V and do not damage the road surface.

(C) Effects of the Invention As described above, according to the present invention, the base material fully exhibits the characteristics unique to the base material, the dispersion material fully exhibits the functions unique to the dispersion material, and the road surface Depending on the situation, it is possible to change the amount of spikes that protrude from the tire surface, thereby significantly reducing road surface scraping and reducing the performance of tie V on icy and snowy roads. It is easy to use, and, importantly, it has a particularly simple structure.
It is possible to obtain a spiked tire with spikes that operate reliably.

Embodiment 1 of (1!!) Another embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

Compared to the spike tires shown in Figures 1 and 2, the spiked tires shown in Figs. The difference is that a spring 21 and a spring 22 are provided to ensure this.

That is, in FIGS. 3 and 4, 1a is a spiked tire, and the spiked tire 1a has spikes 4a implanted in the vicinity of the tread surface 3a of the tie 72a.

The spike 4a is provided with a tip 5a, and the depth 5a is implanted in the top 7a of the sink 6a. The sink 6aρ top 7a and depth 5a are the tread surface 3a of the tire 2a.
protrudes outward. A flange 8a is formed integrally with the shank 6a at the base of the shank 6a, and a leg portion 14a and a root portion 15a are integrally formed on the lower surface of the 7 flange 8a.

A thick cylindrical cushioning material 11a is provided below the flange 8a. The cushioning material 11a is made of the same material as the cushioning material 11 in the previous j-ho.

A coil spring 16a is embedded in the cushioning material 11a, and presses the spike 4a in a direction in which the spike 4a protrudes above the tread surface 3a.

Leg portion 14a of spike 4a, root portion 15a1 flange 8a
, the buffer material 11a and the coil spring 16a are connected to the casing 17.
It is stored in a. The casing 17a is the tire 2a
The spike 4a is fixed to the casing 1.
The spike 4a can be displaced by a distance l111x in the axial direction with respect to the spike 4a, but a large protrusion m of the spike 4a is defined at the position where the flange 8a contacts the flange 18a of the casing 17a.

Further, a holding member 198 is disposed at a fixed position outside the root portion 15a.

The holding part +419a is made of a shape memory alloy and has a substantially cylindrical shape. This shape memory alloy has a transformation point around 4°C, and at temperatures below 4°C, the diameter increases and the root 15
a is released and spike 4a is allowed to enter and exit, but at 4°C.
In the above case, the diameter is reduced and the root portion 15a is grasped, and the coil spring 1F3. The spikes 4a are prevented from protruding from the tread surface 3a of the tie V against the pressing force of the tie V. Also, cushioning material F1
The space between 11a and the holding member 19a also serves to facilitate deformation of the cushioning material.

Therefore, with the spike tie t71a of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, it is possible to more reliably avoid damage to the asphalt road surface when there is no ice or snow.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 shows a spike tie X7 according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the spike pin shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a spiked tire according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 4 is an explanatory plan view of the spike pin shown in FIG. 3; 1.1a...Spike pin 2,2a...Tire 3.3a...Tread 4,4a...Spike 5
゜5a...Tip 6.6a...Shank
7゜7a...Irt part 8,8a...Flange
11゜11a...Cushioning material 12...Base material
13... Particle 14a... Leg portion 15a... Root portion 16a... Coil spring 18a... Flange 19a... Pressing member Fig. 1 Fig. 3 15a 19a

Claims (1)

[Claims] A buffer comprising a spike pin implanted in a tire, and between the base of the spike pin and the tire, particles made of a material whose hardness changes according to temperature changes are dispersed in a base material made of an elastic material. A spike tire characterized by having a material arranged on it.