JPS61295106A - Antiskid spike protruding at low temperature - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To prevent the wear of a spike and a road surface and noise by imbedding in a tire, a spike pin that is energized by a spring in the protruding direction and is energized and retained by spring made of shape memory alloy in the receding direction so as to protrude at low temperature and to recede at high temperature. CONSTITUTION:The force of a spring 4 made of shape memory alloy is so set that it exceeds the force of a spring 5 when the ambient temperature is higher than the allowable memory temperature of said spring 4 made of shape memory alloy. Consequently, under this temperature condition, that is, when there is no ice and snow and a spike tire need not be used, a collet 3 is tightened by the force of the spring 4 made of shape memory alloy and a pin 2 pushed in by touching a road surface is retained in the receding state. However, if an icebound road surface occurs and the tire temperature is decreased, the force of the spring 4 made of shape memory alloy is reduced and the collet 3 is loosened by the force of the spring 5. Then, the pin 2 is protruded by a spring 1 and the tire functions as the spike tire. As a result of this structure, the damage of the road surface, the wear of the pin, and noise can be prevented.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to spikes that are driven into the ground contact surface of a tire in order to improve the driving force and braking force of various types of automobiles when driving on icy and snowy roads.

Prior Art Conventionally, metal spikes having a grounding portion 13 made of cemented carbide, as shown in FIG. 2, have been widely used.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention In the case of conventional spikes, the cemented carbide contact portion 13 always protrudes from the tire contact surface, and when driving on an ice-free road, the road surface is hit and scratched by the spikes, causing the pavement to deteriorate significantly. receive damage. Furthermore, the wear on the spikes themselves is not always balanced with the wear on the tires, and there is no guarantee that the spikes will lose their functionality. Part 1: The noise and vibrations generated when driving on ice-free and snow-free roads are also large, which impairs the comfort of the vehicle. The present invention aims to eliminate these problems.

Means for Solving the Problem A spike pin 2 is provided that is pushed out by a spring 1 from inside the tire toward the tire contact surface, and a collet 3 is arranged in a direction that can suppress the spike pin 2 from protruding. A shape memory alloy spring 4 is provided in the tightening direction, and a spring 5 is provided in the loosening direction C3.

Effect With the above structure, when the temperature of the shape memory alloy spring 4 decreases when driving on an icy and snowy road, the force of the shape memory alloy spring 4 decreases as shown in FIG. The force of the spring 1 prevails, the collet 3 loosens, and the spike pin 2 protrudes from the tire contact surface due to the force of the spring 1. - As the force changes from driving on an ice-free and snowy road, the temperature of the shape memory alloy spring 4 increases,
The spring force overcomes the force of the ordinary spring 5, and the collet 3 is squeezed, and the spike pin 2, once pushed against the road surface, is pushed into the tire due to the direction in which the collet 3 loosens, but is held there as it is.

Embodiment In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, the operation of the main parts constituting the present invention has already been explained, but the structure and operation of the auxiliary parts necessary for putting the invention into practical use will be explained below. do. The cap 6 forms a heat transfer path between the shape memory alloy spring 4 and the road surface, and is made of a material with high thermal conductivity. In addition, since this part wears out at the same pace as the tire wears, it must be hard enough not to damage the paved road surface. The cylinder 7 is combined with the cap 6 and its main function is to hold the entire tire in place, but the cylinder 7 is made of a cylinder with low thermal conductivity so that the temperature of the shape memory alloy spring 4 is not affected by changes in the internal temperature of the tire as much as possible. It needs to be made from materials. The spring seat 8 is also made of a heat insulating material for the same reason. The seal 9 is made of an elastic material and prevents water and dust from entering inside. The pin support 10 is a spike pin 2
It is necessary when the strength of the spike pin 2 is insufficient, and it is made of a material that does not damage the paved road surface or the spike pin 2, and does not inhibit the movement of the spike pin 2 even at low temperatures. The tire 11 and the tire contact surface 12 are shown to clarify the state in which the present invention is driven into the tire.

Effects of the Invention The biggest problem with the use of conventional spikes is the significant damage to the ice- and snow-free paved road surface just before the snow season and the environmental pollution caused by the large amount of dust. To solve this problem, a mechanism is required in which the spikes protrude from the tire contact surface on icy and snowy roads, and are retracted on ice-free roads, but the present invention provides one method for realizing this using a temperature detection method. This is what we present. The maximum temperature in the area where ice and snow exist is 0°C, and ice and water coexist on the road under these conditions, and heat transfer to the tire is extremely good, and the cap 6 and shape memory alloy spring 4 of the present invention also have almost It is kept at 0℃. −
Even if the surface temperature of ice-free snow is 0°C on a paved road and the temperature is several degrees lower than this, the temperature of the cap 6 and the shape memory alloy spring 4 will be 10°C or higher during normal driving. In the case of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3, the force of the shape memory alloy spring 4 pushes the spike pin 2 into the collet 3.
The spike pin 2 remains retracted at temperatures above the point where the force of the normal spring 5 is exceeded by as much as is necessary to hold it in place. On the other hand, the temperature at which the retrieved spike pin 2 protrudes is 10°C higher than the temperature at which it starts to be maintained.
Lower front and rear. This is because the load-temperature characteristics of the shape memory alloy spring 4 has a hysteresis of several degrees centigrade, and the force of the spring 1 for pushing out the spike pin adds to the constricting force of the collet 3. However, this temperature difference is commensurate with the temperature difference between the cap 6 and the shape memory alloy spring 4 in the present invention when driving on an ice-and-snow road at 0°C and an ice-free paved road at 0°C. The spike pin 2 can be protruded or retracted depending on the presence or absence of ice and snow on the road surface at ℃, indicating that an ideal temperature detection method can be provided. When the temperature is significantly below 0°C even on an ice-free and snow-free road, the spike pin 2 remains protruding, but even in this case, the entire mass of conventional spikes is slammed against the road surface, whereas the present invention's If 'ir
Only the spike pin 2 has an order of magnitude smaller m. Further, in the case of the present invention, the force of pressing against the road surface is less than a fraction of that, and damage to the road surface and the spike itself is much smaller than in the conventional case.

The present invention also has an excellent feature in terms of the balance between tire and spike wear. In other words, by adding a wear allowance to the cap 6 and making it from a soft metal with good heat conductivity, it is possible to keep pace with the wear of the tire and wear it out without impairing its function or damaging the road. . In addition, the spike pins 2 are not made of cemented carbide like conventional spikes, but are often made of a material that is hard enough to be cut with a commonly used grinding tool. Pin l! Even if it protrudes from the tire tread during second delivery, it can be easily scraped off.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 shows conventionally used tire slip prevention spikes, and Fig. 3 shows changes in spring force and operating conditions due to temperature changes in the present invention. Inside 1 is the spring, 2 is the spike pin, 3 is the collet,
4 is a shape memory alloy spring, 5 is a normal spring, 6 is a cap, 7 is a cylinder, 8 is a spring seat, 9 is a seal, 10 is a bottle support, 11 is a tire, 12 is a ground plane, 13 is carbide The alloy grounding part, 14 indicates the spike body. Patent applicant Kazutoshi Zaimoku and 1 other person Figure 1

Claims (1)

[Claims] A spike pin 2 is provided that is pushed out by a spring 1 from inside the tire toward the tire ground contact surface, and a collet 3 is arranged in a direction that suppresses the spike pin 2 from being pushed out. Spring 4,
An ordinary spring 5 is installed opposite the collet in the direction of loosening, and at high temperatures the force of the shape memory alloy spring becomes stronger and tightens the collet.
The spike pin 2, once in contact with the road surface and pushed into the tire interior, is held as it is, while at low temperatures, the force of the ordinary spring 5 prevails, the collet 3 loosens, and the spike pin 2 protrudes from the tire contact surface. Anti-slip spikes that stick out at low temperatures.