JPH0345403A - Spike tire - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE: To improve load grip force by constituting a tire tread part with an easily elastic transformable part and an uneasily elastic transformable part and adhering a spike to the easily elastic transformable part. CONSTITUTION: In a tread part 12 integral with a tire body 11 of a spike tire 10, a part surrounding a spike 30 is formed in such a shape that elastic force of a rubber is large in the slipping condition of the tire. In other words, a part 13, a high elastic region having elastic force larger than that of the tread part 12 is added to the tread part 12. This part 13 is set on the front side of the tread part 12, and a front ground surface 15 of this part 13 is formed in a reverse trapezoid shape where the front surface 19 and front both side surfaces 18 are tilted so that width size in a plane shape is narrower than that of a rear ground surface 14 of the tread part 12. Thus, elasticity is varied almost linearly from a rear side part 14 to the front side part 13.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to an improvement of a spike tie V that is mounted on a vehicle such as an automobile during the winter.

(Prior Art) Spiked tires that are currently in general use exhibit road gripping power through the friction between the spikes on which they are attached and the tire itself. Conventional fixed spikes (spikes without sleeves installed directly on the tire) protrude from the tire tread by about 1.0 to 1.5 mm, so the road surface of the tire is affected by the protrusion of the spikes. The road grip force of such conventional spiked tires is reduced because it relies solely on the action of the spikes.

On the other hand, the efficiency of the spike depends on the cross-sectional surface area that it penetrates. The depth of this bite depends on the protrusion dimension of the spike from the tire and the length of the elastic portion of the tire's wear surface. The diameter of the hard metal portion of conventionally constructed spikes is relatively small, allowing it to dig into the icy road surface even when it wears to a substantially rounded shape. Therefore, in conventional fixed spikes, the protruding dimension is relatively long, and a strong force is required to press it roughly.

In this way, it has been confirmed through numerous experiments that the longer the protruding dimension of the spikes, the higher the rate of road damage caused by the spikes, and the shorter the protruded dimension, the lower the rate of road damage caused by the spikes.

In conventional spike structures, when the spike starts contacting the road, the part of the tire that makes contact with the road is
The tire diameter is reduced compared to other parts that do not receive loads,
Due to this phenomenon, the spikes do not contact the road surface in a perpendicular position, but instead hit the road surface in an oblique position.

Then, the sliding force of the tire acts on the spike, causing the spike to sink into the tire in an inclined state while receiving the force, and as the tire rotates, the spike bites into the road surface and scrapes the road surface. This spike to the road surface! ! The i impact is doubled by the viscous Fj frictional action of the tire. As mentioned above, when the spike hits the road surface at an angle and sinks into the tire at an angle, it damages a portion of the rubber of the tire and also damages the spike itself.
It reduces the friction properties of the tire, shortens the life of the spikes, and damages the road surface.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) As mentioned above, in conventional spiked tires, the spikes dig into the road surface diagonally, which damages a portion of the rubber of the tire and causes the spikes to wear out quickly. The objective is to solve the problem that the frictional properties of tires are reduced, damaging the road surface and causing spike pollution.

(Means for Solving the Problem) The means for solving the problem has a tire main body and a tread portion, the tread NI is provided with a spike mounting hole for mounting a spike, and the spike-equipped tread portion is provided with a spike mounting hole for mounting a spike. is a spiked tire that is provided with spikes and is used in this spike mounting hole, and the tread portion has different elastic actions, with a part that is easily elastically deformed and a part that is less elastically deformable than the said part. One of the means for solving the above problem is that the spike mounting hole is formed in a part of the tread surface that is easily elastically deformed.

Further, the present invention includes a tire body and a road surface portion,
This tread portion is provided with a spike mounting hole for mounting a spike, and the spiked tread portion is provided with a spike, and the spike tire is used for this spike mounting hole, and the tread portion has an elastic With different effects,
It is composed of two parts, a part that is easily deformed elastically and a part that is less elastically deformable than the said part, and the spike mounting hole (16) is formed in the part of the tread part that is easily deformed elastically, and spikes are attached to the spiked tire, the flange of the spiked tire is close to the tire body, and in a free state, the protrusion dimension of the tip of the spiked tire that protrudes from the tread surface is zero or close to this, and substantially does not protrude. Another means of solving the above problem is to use an M4 structure.

(Operation of the invention) In this invention, the tread portion is composed of two parts having different elastic deformation effects, and the spike is attached to the part that is more easily elastically deformed than the other part, so that the spike , just before contacting the road surface, it maintains a nearly vertical posture and contacts the road surface at right angles, so the first ! lj attack is relatively weak,
It has the effect of reducing the road damage rate. In addition, the wear on the spike tips is uniform throughout, and the road grip is in good condition. Since the tips of the spikes of the present invention are made of a hard metal with relatively low hardness, they hit the road surface softly and do not damage the road surface. Also,
The special shape of the spikes ensures that they are properly retained during use, and because the tips of the spikes do not protrude above the tread, their protrusion length is limited to bare road surfaces. It has a lower impact than long ones, does not scrape or damage the road surface, maintains excellent road grip, and is extremely quiet when driving on the road.

(Embodiment) In the illustrated embodiment, the spiked tire according to the present invention is indicated by the reference numeral 10, the tire body is indicated by the reference numeral 11, and the tread surface of the tire is indicated by the reference numeral 12. Further, the road surface is indicated by the symbol B.

In the embodiment of FIG. 1, reference numeral 30I indicates a spike with a sleeve mounted on the tire 10, and in the embodiment of FIG. 2, reference numeral 30a indicates a fixed spike (without sleeve) mounted on the tire 10. .In Figure 1,
The code 31G indicates the tip of the spike 30, and the code 32
shows the head flange of the spike 30 supported in the sleeve. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 31a indicates a tip, and reference numeral 32a indicates a head.

In the example shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the tire tread portion 12 surrounding the spikes 30.degree. 30a is shaped like a dog when the elastic force of the rubber causes the tire to slip. Such a shape can be provided by adding a high elasticity region having a larger elastic force than the elastic force of the tread surface portion 12 to the tread surface portion 12. This is a front side region, and this front side portion 13 is located on the front side of the tread surface portion 12. The front side part 13 as a high elastic region is located in the front part of the tread part 12, and the front side ground plane 15 of the front side part 13 has a width dimension in a planar shape that is narrower than the rear side ground plane 14 of the tread part 12. There is. Further, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the tread portion 12 has a front surface 19 and front side surfaces 18 and 18.
are inclined as shown, so that the front side 13 is
It has an inverted trapezoidal shape, and the front ground plane 15 is the rear ground plane 14.
It has a structure in which the front ground plane 15 is made up of the front side part 13 which is a highly elastic region. As you can see, the front side and the rear side of the tread section 12 have different elastic effects, with the front side having a more elastic structure, and this change in elastic modulus is caused by the change in the elastic modulus on the rear side. It changes almost linearly from 14 to the front side part 13.

In addition, as a means for structurally determining such a change in the elastic modulus, as shown in FIG. 4Δ and FIG.
The elasticity of the front side part 13 is further increased, so that when the front side part 13 receives a load, it is more likely to be elastically deformed than the rear side part 14. A spike mounting hole 16 for mounting the spike 30.30a on the tire is formed in the front side portion 13 (high elasticity region) of the tread portion.

Next, the function of the spike tire including the above-mentioned tread portion 12 will be explained.

When the tire 10 begins to contact the road surface B, the tips 3.1.31a of the spikes do not yet contact the road surface B.

This is because the length of the spikes 30, 30a protruding from the tread of the tire is from zero to close to zero, and the tips of the tips are mounted on the tire so that they are flush with the tread. When the tire comes into contact with the road surface, the stiff rear side portion 14 of the tread portion 12 comes into contact with the road surface first (FIGS. 1 and 2). Then, under the action of the load due to contact with the road surface, the rear side 14 is compressed and presses the spike 30.30a via the flange 32.32a, holding it in a vertical position relative to the road surface B. ,
The contact angle of the spikes 30.30a with respect to the road surface B is maintained appropriately.

In addition, spikes 30 that maintain a vertical posture with respect to the road surface B,
The speed of 308 is very small, so the quality of the spikes; negative and rubber! Passage injuries caused by i-attacks can be greatly reduced. As mentioned above, the tire's tread surface 12, which wears out, is composed of a firm part and a soft part, so the tips 31, 318 of the spikes come into contact with the road surface, and the heavy iron of the car hits the tire's tread. When acting on the surface portion 12, the spike tips 31, 31a are caused by the tread surface portion 12.
The car bites into the ice-covered road surface.

Spikes 3 adopted in spike tire 10 of this invention
The 0.30a differs from the conventional B4m spike in dimensions and installation. That is, the spike 30.3
The depths 31 and 31a of 0a are larger in diameter than conventional ones, about 4 mm in diameter, and the road grip force of the spikes is improved even though there is less penetration into the frozen road surface than in conventional ones. , very good. In order to provide a sufficient loading force to a spike having such a large diameter tip, the flange 32, 32a may be made larger than the conventional one and brought into contact with the main body 11 of the tire. 6th
As shown in the figure, the spike mounting hole 16 is formed deeply, and the bottom 17 of the hole is located close to the boundary between the tread portion 12 and the tire body 11 or inside the tire body 11.

Since the flanges 32, 32a of the spikes are disposed close to or inside the main body which is hard, the flanges are securely held firmly and the tip 31.31a can be strongly pressed through the rivets of the spikes. Even if the tip has a larger diameter than the conventional structure, it will bite into the hard frozen road surface well, and the pressure from the road surface that the spike receives is received by the relatively hard main body 11, and the spike 30 Prevents the .30a from sinking inside the tire.

As mentioned above, the invention applies to both sleeved and sleeveless spikes.

For sleeve-mounted spikes, the flange 32 allows for more efficient control of the spike's movement, and the tip 31 made of hard metal can always be kept sharp even when driving on a frozen road such as a hard ice burn. The service life of the product can be extended.

The examples shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 are modified examples of the tread portion 12, and as shown in FIG. 5.6, a groove 22 is formed in a headband shape along the side surface of the tread portion 12. This groove allows σ
The portion where the mounting hole 16 is formed naturally has a smaller amount of rubber than the other portions, and the elasticity of the inner portion 22 is higher. Man 22 is the 5th,
As shown in Figure 6, this groove 22 surrounds the tread part.
L, it also affects the elasticity of the rear side part 14 of the road surface part, and the third A
.

It has more elasticity than the rear side of the tread portion without grooves shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 6, the groove 22 is located midway in the height direction of the tread portion 12, but the position of this groove can be changed as appropriate.

(Effect of the invention)

Claims (17)

[Claims] (1) It has a tire body (11) and a tread portion (12), and this tread portion is provided with spike mounting holes (16) for mounting spikes (30, 30a), and the spark mounting holes are provided with spike mounting holes (16) for mounting spikes (30, 30a). A spiked tire used for a vehicle such as a car equipped with spikes, the tread portion comprising:
It is composed of two parts with different elastic actions, a part that is easily deformed and a part that is less elastically deformable, and the spike mounting hole (16) is a part of the tread part that is easily deformed. A spike tire characterized by being formed. (2) The elastically deformable portion is the tread portion (12
2. The spike tire according to claim 1, wherein the spike tire is formed at a portion that first contacts the passage surface (B), and the portion that is difficult to elastically deform is located on the rear side of the portion that is easy to elastically deform. . (3) The part that is easily elastically deformed is the front side of the tip (1
3) The spike according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the front side portion is at a point where the contact between the tread portion (12) and the road surface (B) is separated. tire. (4) A spike tire according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the elastically deformable portion of the tread portion (12) is provided with an elastic deformation effect due to the structure of the tread portion. . (5) The tread portion (12) has an outer surface (15) formed in a tapered shape from the rear side portion (14) to the front side portion (13), forming a portion that is easily elastically deformed. Spike tires for any term in the range. (6) The side surface (18) of the easily elastically deformable portion of the tread portion (12) is inclined, and the rear side portion of the tread portion is formed to be wider than the surface (15) of the front side portion. The spiked tire according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that: (7) The spike tire according to any one of the claims, wherein a plurality of notches (20) are formed on the front side surface (18) of the tread portion. (8) Notch (
21) The spiked tire according to any one of the preceding claims. (9) The elastic deformation rate of the tread portion (12) is
) The spike tire according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the spike tire increases substantially linearly from ) to the front. (10) The spike tire mounting hole (16) is formed deeply, and the bottom (17) of the hole is close to the tire body (11) or reaches the inside of the tire body (11). A spiked tire according to any one of the preceding claims. (11) A groove (2) surrounding the circumferential side of the tread portion (12)
2), so that the tread portion is easily elastically deformed. The spike tire according to any one of the claims. (12) The spike tire according to claim 11, wherein the groove (22) is formed at a position approximately midway in the height direction of the circumferential surface of the tread portion. (13) It has a tire main body (11) and a tread portion (12), and the tread portion is provided with a spike mounting hole (16) for mounting the spike (30, 30a), and the spike mounting hole is provided with a spike mounting hole (16) for mounting the spike (30, 30a). A spiked tire used in a vehicle such as an automobile equipped with spikes, wherein the tread portion has a different elastic action and consists of a part that is easily deformed elastically and a part that is less elastically deformable than the said part. Consisting of two parts, the spike mounting hole (16) is formed in a part of the tread that is easily elastically deformed, the spike (30, 30a) is mounted in this mounting hole, and the spiked tire flange (32, 32a) is close to the tire body (11), and the protrusion dimension protruding from the tread portion of the tip (15) of the spiked tire is zero in the free state, or
Spiked tire according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a substantially non-protruding structure. (14) The diameter of the flange (32, 32a) of the spike is large compared to the length of the spike, and the large diameter flange serves as a pressure surface of the spike to push the tip onto the tread surface. The spiked tire according to claim 13, which has a structure that protrudes from. (15) Pressure is applied to the flanges (32, 32a) of the spikes at a portion of the tread portion (12) that is less likely to be elastically deformed than a portion that is more likely to be elastically deformed.
15. The spike tire according to claim 13 or 14, comprising a structure in which the spike tire a) is brought into contact with the road surface (B) in a vertical position. (16) Tip (31) of the spike (30, 30a)
, 31a) are of large diameter. (17) Tip (31) of the spike (30, 30a)
, 31a) have a diameter of the order of 4 mm.