JPS62213906A - Jar effector structure in wedge grip type chuck - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To aim at improvement in the grasping accuracy and gripping force of a chuck, by coupling each base of respective wedge parts in a wedge of a jaw effector as one body in a fork form, and increasing rigidity in these wedge parts. CONSTITUTION:A wedge 15 of a jaw effector is constituted into a fork end form where each base of two wedge parts 22 and 22 to be opposed to each other in parallel is solidly coupled together. And, in an outer position these wedges 22 are opposed, there is provided with each of section-rectangular sliding strips 25 and 25 whose upper and lower surfaces are equiangularly set up in a body and being supported by a sliding hole. A wedge 24 of the wedge part 22 of the said wedge 15 is fitted in a fitting groove of a master jaw 16, and with axial slide motion of the wedge, the master jaw slides in a direction of axial radiality whereby a work is gripped by a chuck. With this motion, the wedge part 22 tries to do rotational displacement as it receives torsional moment, but this motion is checked by the solidly coupled base 22, thus rogidity in the wedge part is increased so that gripping force of the chuck grows larger.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a wedge-type chuck operating body, and is particularly characterized in that the gripping accuracy and gripping force of the wedge-type chuck are enhanced.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present applicant previously described a wedge-type chuck in which the opening and closing operations of the jaw are performed by the wedge action of the wedge portion.
It makes some suggestions. However, in all of these proposals, it became clear that the wedge portion was weak when examined from a mechanical standpoint, and that the structure was incomplete when examined from a grasping accuracy standpoint.

This point will be explained using FIG. 14 and FIG. 16. In the figure, l1g is a body whose rear part is attached to a spindle (not shown), and a plunger 15g that can be slid only along the axis X direction is inserted in the center, and the front part is A master jaw 16g, which is slidably displaceable only in the radial direction, is inserted therein. The plunger 15g, as shown in FIG.
The overall shape is approximately cylindrical, and the sliding part is formed with extension parts 51 so as to extend the sliding peripheral surface 50 further outward from the end face in the axis X direction. . A fitting groove 5 having a T-shaped cross section reaches this sliding part.
By cutting 2... obliquely with respect to the axis X,
The two wedge portions 22g, 22g facing each other in parallel have their protruding portions formed into cantilever beams. Further, the wedge portions 22g are formed with cutout portions 53 whose tips are cut out along the slope of the groove, while the master portion 16g has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape as shown in FIG. It is provided with a projecting portion 55 projecting from the center of the rear side 54, and grooves 27g are carved on both side surfaces where the projecting portion 55 is located.

The wedge portion 2 is attached to the thus formed lead 27g.
The mutually opposing inward parts of 2g and 22g are inserted in such a manner that they sandwich both sides of the master jacket 16g, and at this time, the grooves 27g and 22g of the master jacket 16g are inserted.
The shape of * corresponds to the shape of the fitting groove 52 of the plunger 15g. That is, the fitting groove 5 of 15g in the plunge shown in FIG.
For No. 2, a master jaw 16g with grooves 27g, etc., arranged side by side with the same wall thickness on both sides is used. Groove 27g gradually increasing towards the front
Plunger 15g for those engraved with...
The distance between the opposing side surfaces 55 of the fitting groove 52 is also set to gradually increase toward the extension portion 51.

Further, 56 in FIG. 14 is a space necessary for assembling the mask jaw 16g to the body l1g, and 17 is a top jaw bolted to the master jaw 16g.

For sliding displacement, a displacement force is applied to the plunger 15g by a draw bar (not shown) in order to displace the plunger 15g along the axis X.

Now, when the displacement force is applied to the arrow N side (to the opposite side of the arrow), the sliding surfaces 57, 57 (sliding surface 57a・57a) is the sliding surface 5 of master jacket 16g
9 and 59 (sliding surfaces 59a and 59a) to apply closing direction force (opening direction force) to the master jaw 16g, the master jaw 16g is directed inward (outward) in the radial direction of the body 11. sliding displacement to. When the top show 17, which moves in conjunction with the sliding displacement of the master jaw 16g, reaches a state where it grasps the outer diameter (inner diameter) of the workpiece, the master jaw 16g moves between the wedge portions 22g and 22g of the plunger 15g. The closing direction force (opening direction force) is stopped by the chuck, and the position is maintained while the chuck grips the workpiece.

At this time, the sliding surfaces 59, 59 (
The sliding surfaces 59a...) of the wedge portions 22g, 22g (sliding surfaces 57a, 57a) are connected to the body 11.
The sliding surfaces 57, 57 (sliding The surfaces 57a and 57a) are the sliding surfaces 59 and 59 (sliding surface 59
The bearing surface is configured to reliably support the pressing force of a...). Therefore, the opposing wedge portions 22g, 22g hold the master 16g in the gripping position while being under pressure from the sliding surfaces 57, 57 (sliding surfaces 57a, 57a) formed at protruding opposing side positions. It will be kept at.

Problems to be Solved by the Invention However, with this type of wedge chuck,
Since the force in the opening/closing direction of the wedge portion 22g of the plunger 15g acts on the two opposing wedge portions 22g and 22g, which are protruded from oppositely biased positions, the bending force Mg with the overhang length as the bending radius (see Fig. 15) ) will come into play. In this case, since each of the wedge parts 22g and 22g mechanically opposes the bending force with its respective section modulus, the overhanging portions of each of the wedge parts 22g and 22g have separate and different positions in the radial direction. It bends in response to bending force, and naturally there is a difference in the amount of bending.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides two
The wedge-type chuck has a hawk-end shape that integrates the two wedge parts through their bases, eliminating the difference in the amount of deflection between the respective wedge parts, resulting in increased gripping accuracy and gripping force compared to conventional wedge-type chucks. The purpose is to provide a working body.

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention focuses on the fact that the function of the moving body consists of a piston function and a moving function, and in particular, the wedge that exhibits the wedge function preferably has two functions. The present invention is characterized in that each of the two wedge portions has a wedge on the opposing inner side and a sliding portion on the outer side, and has a structure in which the base portions are integrally connected in a fork-end shape.

Embodiment A first specific embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1 to 7.

FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a wedge-type chuck G according to the present invention. , an adapter 12 for attaching the body 11 to a spindle (not shown), and a cover 13 for preventing chips and dust from entering the body 11, and the movable parts include a piston 14, a wedge 15, and a master. The body 11, which is composed of the jaws 16 and the top jaw 17, has a sliding inner circumferential surface 1 centered on the axis X.
8 is formed, and a plurality of sliding holes 19 of the conformal device are bored further radially outward of this sliding inner peripheral surface 18. Further, in the front part of the body 11, a plurality of guide grooves 20 having a T-shaped cross section as shown in FIG. 5 are provided along the radial direction with the front side open.

As shown in FIG. 2, the wedge 15 fitted into the sliding hole 19 has two wedge portions 22 facing each other in parallel.
The base portions 23, 23 of the wedge portions 22, 23 are formed into a fork end shape that are integrally connected, and the opposing inner parts of the wedge portions 22, 22 have a rectangular cross section that gradually increases in height from the front end to the rear end and is relatively gradually sandwiched. Wedges 24, 24 are respectively carved therein, and sliding parts 25, 25 each having a rectangular cross section, whose upper and lower surfaces are supported by the sliding holes 19, are formed on the opposing outer parts of the wedge parts 22, 22, respectively. It is provided. Further, 21 is a protrusion for transmitting a sliding displacement force from a draw bar (not shown) to the wedge 15 via the piston 14, and the tip thereof is shaped like an arc.

The master jaw 16 is fitted into the guide groove 20 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, and opens and closes by sliding in the radial direction of the chuck G. The details of this master chamber 16 are as shown in FIG. 6, and the whole has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape, and the wedges 24, 24 of the respective wedge portions 22, 22 are fitted into both side surfaces 26, 26 of the master chamber 16. The fitting grooves 27, 27 are carved in a shape that gradually increases in height from the front end to the rear end so as to match the arrangement shape of the wedges 24, 24. Furthermore, the cross-sectional shape of this master jacket 16 is made into a T-shape, and the rear wide part 2
8 is fitted into the guide groove 20 to serve as a guide surface for displacement in the radial direction, while the sliding surface 3 of the front width sandwiching portion 29
4 and 34 are also used as guide surfaces, and further forward is the body 1.
1, and the top 17 is fixed to the serrating part 30 on the front surface.

The manner in which the master housing 16 and the wedge 15 are fitted is as shown in FIG.

The piston 14 has a small-diameter protruding portion 31 at the front, and the outer peripheral surface of this sliding portion 32 has a large-diameter sliding portion 32 at the center and is guided by the sliding inner peripheral surface 18 of the body 11. Ru. Engagement grooves 33 are cut into the outer circumferential surface of the sliding portion 32, into which the protrusions 21 provided on the wedges 15 are fitted. Further, a boss 34 is provided protruding from the rear portion, and a screw is formed inwardly, and a drawbar (not shown) is screwed into this screw. This piston 14
As shown in FIG. 7, each of the three equally divided positions is deleted in a crescent shape, and even after the piston 14 is inserted into the body 11 in advance, the wedge 15 cannot be assembled with this crescent-shaped deleted portion. The protrusions 21 of the wedge 15 are used to fill the void.
- can be incorporated into the engagement groove 33 of the piston 14.

Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be explained.

The piston 14 is moved by the arrow Q in FIG. 4 using a drawbar (not shown).
When pulled to the side, does this pulling force cause engagement? n33 and protrusion 21
The force is transmitted to each wedge 15 through the , and the sliding portions 25 on both sides of each wedge are guided to the sliding hole 19 and similarly displaced toward the arrow Q side. That is, as shown in FIG.
5 and 35 and the sliding surfaces 34 and 34 of the fitting grooves 27 and 27 of the master jaw 16 are displaced relative to each other while sliding, and the master jaw 16 is displaced radially inward by a wedge action. With this, Master Ji! A top jaw 17 fixed to 16 can grasp the outer diameter of the workpiece.

At this time, the sliding surfaces 35, 35 of the wedges 24, 24 are the sliding surfaces 34, 35 of the fitting grooves 27, 27 of the master jaw 16.
34 inward in the radial direction, but the wedge part 2
The sliding surface 36 of the sliding part 25, 25 provided in 2, 22.
36 is the sliding surface 3 of the sliding hole 19 provided in the body 11
8.38 to form the outer peripheral bearing surface. To explain this mechanically, the displacement force R of the wedge 24 generated by the tensile force of the piston 14 is the master position 1.
6, while the sliding portion 25 continues to receive the reaction force P of the same magnitude and in the opposite direction. In other words, each wedge portion 22 receives a torsional moment M and attempts to undergo rotational displacement.
- Its displacement is suitably prevented by the integrally connected base parts 23, 23 of 22.

Therefore, the wedge parts 22, 22 that support the sliding surfaces 36, 36 of the sliding parts 25, 25 by the sliding surfaces 38, 38 of the sliding holes 19, 19, and do not displace even with the torsional moment M, The force in the opening direction of the master jaw 16 can be received as shear stress.

On the other hand, when the piston 14 is pulled to the opposite side of the arrow Q, this tensile force is transmitted to each wedge 15 via the engagement groove 33 and the protrusion 21 as described above, and the sliding portions 25 and 25 on both sides of each wedge is guided into the sliding hole 19 and displaced to the opposite side of the arrow Q. That is, the sliding surfaces 35a, 35a of the wedges 24, 24 in each wedge part 22, 22 and the master jaw 1
The fitting grooves 27 and the sliding surfaces 34a and 34a of the fitting grooves 27 and 27 of 6 will be displaced relative to each other while sliding, and the master jaw 16
is displaced radially outward with a wedge effect. As a result, the top jaw 17, which is fixed at master gauge +16, can grasp the inner diameter of the workpiece.

At this time, the sliding surfaces 35a and 35 of the wedges 24 and 24
a is the sliding surface 3 of the fitting grooves 27 and 27 of the master jaw 16
4a, 34a are pressed outward in the radial direction, but the sliding surfaces 36a, 36a of the sliding parts 25, 25 provided in the wedge parts 22, 22 are pressed against the sliding holes 1 provided in the body 11.
It is supported by the sliding surfaces 38a, 38a of No. 9 and constitutes an inner peripheral bearing surface. To explain this dynamically in the same way as described above, the displacement force Ra of the wedge 24 generated by the tensile force of the piston 14 is applied toward the closing direction of the master jaw 16, while the reaction force Pa of the same magnitude but in the opposite direction is applied. The sliding portion 25 continues to receive the movement. In other words, each wedge portion 22 receives the torsional moment Ma and attempts to undergo rotational displacement, but this displacement is suitably prevented by the integrally connected base portions 23 of each wedge portion 22. It turns out.

Therefore, in response to the torsional moment Ma, the wedge portions 22 can receive the force in the closing direction of the master jaw 16 as shear stress in the same manner as when the wedge portions 22 receive the torsional moment M.

Therefore, the deflection of the wedge portions 22 due to the shearing force has the remarkable effect of making the body stiffer (and lighter) than the master jaw 16 and the body 11.

As is clear from the above explanation, the configuration of the wedge 15 is as follows:
When the base parts 23, 23 of the wedge parts 22, 22 are integrally connected in a fork end shape, the torsional moment of the two wedge parts 22, 22 is
By creating a base joint strength that can sufficiently withstand this couple, it is impossible to achieve this in the past, where the base parts 23 and 23 are not integrally connected to the fork end shape. High precision and high gripping force can be obtained.

The fork-end-shaped wedge portions 22, 22 that can achieve such effects may have various forms, and each wedge portion 22a, 22a may be carved out of a cylindrical body as shown in FIG. If possible, the cross-sectional shape of each wedge portion 22b, 22b may be changed to a trapezoidal wedge 24 as shown in FIG.
It is also possible to adopt a mode in which b.24b and semi-elliptical sliding stripes 25b.25b are adjacent to each other.

Further, FIGS. 10 to 12 show a second embodiment which is a specific example of the present invention, and the wedge 15 in the first embodiment is shown in FIG.
and the piston 14 are integrated to constitute the operating body J, and the opposing wedge portions 22c and 22c
Similar to the first embodiment, wedges 24c and 24c and sliding strips 25c and 25C are formed adjacent to each other.

Next, a fitting form around the wedge portion that further enhances the advantages of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 13. First, each (Rust 24d・
Since the vertical cross-sectional shape of each of the wedges 24d is trapezoidal, if the mutual gap between the master wheel 16d and the wedges 24d and 24d is the same as in the first embodiment, the master wheel 16d will be 16d has the advantage of reducing the amount of free displacement in the opening/closing direction, and the semicircular sliding strips 25d and 25d are connected to the sliding holes 19a and 19.
The wedge portions 22d are in close contact with the side wall curved surfaces of a to prevent the wedge portions 22d from moving laterally. What is important here is that the force in the opening/closing direction of the wedge portions 22d and 22d is
When applied to 24d, the acting force acts in the direction of arrow S, and this acting force is stopped by the upper arc surface of the semicircular side wall curved surface, and the wedge portions 22d support the acting force with greater rigidity. Moreover, when the acting force passes through the center of the curved surface of the side wall of the sliding hole 19a (when the arrow S passes through the center of the curved surface), this acting force is perpendicular to the upper arcuate surface, so that the wedge portion 22d・No torsional moment load is applied to 22d, that is, wedge part 2
No couple is generated at each base of 2d and 22d.

This suggests that the shape of the wedge portions can be further improved if curved surfaces concentric with the centers of the curved surfaces of the sliding holes 19a, 19a are used instead of the trapezoidal side slopes of the wedge portions 22d, 22d.

Note that parts common to each embodiment are given the same reference numerals to facilitate understanding of the contents.

Effects of the Invention As is clear from the above-mentioned embodiments, according to the present invention, each wedge portion 22 in the wedge 15 of the show actuating body J
Since the bases 23 and 23 of 22 are integrally connected in a fork-end shape, the torsional moment generated in each wedge part 22 and 22 when it stops receiving the acting force in the opening/closing direction of the master jaw 16. This has the effect of increasing the rigidity of the wedge portions 22, 22, and further improving the gripping accuracy and gripping force of the chuck G.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing how the area around the wedge part fits in the chuck according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the actuator, and FIG. 3 shows how the area around the wedge part fits in the chuck. A partial vertical cross-sectional view showing the main part in the direction of arrow A-A in Figure 4. Figure 4 is also a vertical cross-sectional view of the chuck.
The figures are the same (a diagram showing the cross-sectional shape of the guide groove into which the master jacket is fitted, Figure 6 is also a perspective view of the master jacket,
7 is a perspective view of the piston, FIGS. 8 and 9 are sectional views showing other fitting modes of the wedge portion, and FIG. 10 is a partial sectional view of the chuck showing another embodiment. FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing the operating body attached to the chuck in FIG. 10, FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along the line C-C in FIG.
Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the best wedge fitting mode, Figure 14 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing a conventional chuck, Figure 15 is a perspective view of the plunger, and Figure 16 is a perspective view of the master jaw. . (Symbol) J: Actuating body S: Acting force 11: Body 16.16d Nijiyo (master jyo) 19: Sliding hole 20: Guide groove 22.22a, 22b, 22c, 22d: <Rust portion 24.24b, 24c , 24d: <Rust 25.25
b, 25C125d: Sliding strip 27; Fitting groove 36.36a: Sliding surface of sliding strip (including inner and outer diameter grasping) 38.38a: Sliding surface of sliding hole (inner and outer diameter grasping) include)

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) A jaw operating body is disposed movably in the axial direction of the body, and jaws that engage with the jaw operating body are slidably inserted into a plurality of guide grooves formed in the radial direction of the body, respectively; In a chuck in which each jaw opens and closes in the radial direction by a wedge action as the jaw actuating body moves in the axial direction, the engaging portion of the jaw actuating body with the jaws forms a fork-end shape at the base of each of the two wedge portions. A jaw actuating body structure in a wedge-type chuck, characterized in that the jaw actuating body is formed integrally with the wedge-type chuck. (2) A wedge is provided on the opposing inner parts of each of the two wedge parts, and a sliding strip is provided on the outer part, and the wedges are fitted into the fitting grooves on both sides of the jaw, and the sliding strips are inserted into the sliding holes in the body. 2. A jaw actuating body structure in a wedge-type chuck according to claim 1, characterized in that the jaw actuating body structure is configured such that a moving rod is inserted into the wedge type chuck. (3) The sliding surface of the sliding strip is supported by the sliding surface of the sliding hole when the workpiece is gripped, and the jaw operating body and body form a bearing surface. A jaw actuating body structure in a wedge-type chuck according to claim 1.