JP2576944Y2 - Material testing machine - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a material testing machine capable of quickly and easily gripping a test piece.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known a material testing machine which loads a test piece by gripping both ends of the test piece with a pair of left and right grip teeth provided on a pair of upper and lower grips, respectively. In this type of material testing machine, the gripping teeth are separated from and brought into contact with a test piece by a screw or an air chuck, and the test piece is gripped.

[0003]

However, in a material testing machine using a screw-type gripper, the overall configuration of the gripper is simple and inexpensive, but since the gripping teeth are separated by the screw advancement, Grasping work is troublesome and workability is poor.
On the other hand, in a material testing machine using an air chuck type gripper, the work of gripping a test piece can be performed in a short time by the action of compressed air, and the workability is good, but the air chuck itself is expensive.

An object of the present invention is to provide a material testing machine which can quickly and easily grip a test piece and can be constructed at a low cost.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is applied to a material testing machine provided with a gripper for gripping a test piece with a pair of gripping teeth. A transmission shaft for transmitting the gripping tooth to one of the gripping teeth and moving the gripping tooth in the gripping direction of the test piece; and a locking mechanism for locking the transmission shaft to the gripper body at predetermined intervals. The mechanism is achieved by including a spring body having a protruding elastic locking portion and a concave locking portion provided at predetermined intervals and locking the elastic locking portion.

[0006]

When an operating force is applied to the operating portion, the operating force is transmitted to at least one gripping tooth via a transmission shaft.
This gripping tooth moves in the gripping direction of the test piece. On this occasion,
The transmission shaft is locked to the gripper body at predetermined intervals by locking the spring body of the locking mechanism with the concave locking portion. The test piece is gripped between the pair of gripping teeth simply by removing the operating force. Further, the spring body contributes to both locking of the transmission shaft and gripping of the test piece.

[0007]

FIG. 4 is a front view showing a first embodiment of a material testing machine according to the present invention. In this material testing machine, the rotational force of the motor 1 is reduced by the speed reducer 2 and the screw bar 3 is rotated, whereby the crosshead 4 is moved up and down to move the fixed side yoke 5 and the movable side crosshead 4 together. The test piece TP gripped by the upper and lower grips 6 and 7 is loaded between them.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing the grip 6. Since the basic structure of the upper and lower grips 6 and 7 is the same,
Hereinafter, the upper grip 6 will be described. The gripper 6 includes a gate-shaped chuck frame 8, and a pair of left and right gripping teeth 9 </ b> L and 9 </ b> R (hereinafter may be represented by a representative number 9) at both end portions 8 a (lower end in FIG. 3) of the chuck frame 8. Are provided respectively. Grab 9L, 9R
Among them, the left gripping tooth 9L is fixed to the distal end portion 8a of the chuck frame 8, while the right gripping tooth 9R is in the gripping direction perpendicular to the load axis X of the test piece TP (indicated by an arrow A in FIG. 3). ). That is,
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an attachment member 50 separate from the chuck frame 8 is attached to the chuck frame 8 by bolts 51 at the right end 8 a of the chuck frame 8. The attachment member 50 is provided with a through-hole 10 having a rectangular cross section extending along the above-described gripping direction.
A transmission shaft 11 having a right gripping tooth 9R fixedly inserted at one end thereof (the transmission shaft 11 is not shown in FIG. 2). An operation knob 12 is fixed to the other end of the transmission shaft 11, and by pushing the operation knob 12 right and left, the right gripping tooth 9R can move along the gripping direction.

In the center of the transmission shaft 11, a pair of recesses 13 communicating with the outside via openings 13a opened on the upper and lower side surfaces of the transmission shaft 11, respectively, are formed.
Each of the leaf springs 3 is accommodated in the leaf spring 3. As shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b), the leaf spring 14 has a locking portion 14a protruding outward from the opening 13a of the recess 13 and a base 14b formed on the left and right of the locking portion 14a. The tip of the base 14b is in contact with the inner wall of the recess 13. on the other hand,
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a pair of grooves 15 is formed on the upper and lower wall surfaces of the through hole 10 along the above-described gripping direction. They are formed alternately at intervals. Therefore, when the operation knob 12 is pushed right and left, the locking portion 14a of the leaf spring 14 projecting up and down from the transmission shaft 11 is
The transmission shaft 11 is locked to the chuck frame 8 each time it is locked in a, and the right gripping tooth 9R is discontinuously moved and locked at every formation pitch of the recess 15a.

[0010] Grasping tools 6, 7 having the above-described structure.
In order to grip the test piece TP made of rubber, for example, first, the operator pulls the operation knob 12 rightward in FIGS. 1 and 3 to draw the transmission shaft 11 and the right gripping teeth 9R fixed to one end thereof. Move to the middle right and grab teeth 9L, 9R
open. Next, the test piece TP is placed in a pair of gripping teeth 9L, 9L.
In this state, the operator pushes the operation knob 12 to the left, and moves the transmission shaft 11 and the right gripping tooth 9R fixed to one end thereof to the left in the drawing to obtain the gripping tooth 9L.
9R is closed, and the test piece T is
The operation knob 12 is pushed to the left until P is elastically deformed and gripped. At this time, the transmission shaft 11 is stable at the position where the leaf spring 14 and the concave portion 15a are locked, and the movement to the left and right is regulated.
The test piece TP retains the pair of gripping teeth 9 even when the pressing force is removed.
It is securely held between L and 9R. On the other hand, in order to release the gripping of the test piece TP by the gripping tools 6 and 7, the operation knob 12 is pulled to the right in the drawing to obtain the gripping teeth 9L.
You only need to open 9R.

Therefore, according to this embodiment, the test piece TP is gripped by the gripping teeth 9L and 9R only by pushing the operation knob 12 right and left, or the gripping of the test piece TP by the gripping teeth 9L and 9R is released. Therefore, the gripping and releasing operations can be performed quickly and easily. In addition, the gripping tools 6 and 7 of the present embodiment use the leaf springs 14, and the manufacturing cost is low. Further, if the attachment member 50 is replaced with the attachment member 50 having the concave portion 15a having a different pitch, the moving pitch of the transmission shaft 11 and thus the right grip tooth 9R can be easily changed. Unlike the rubber test piece TP described above, in the case of a test piece made of a material that does not elastically deform in the gripping direction by itself, a rubber plate is provided on the gripping surfaces of the gripping teeth 9L and 9R, and this rubber plate is What is necessary is just to press the transmission shaft 11 until it elastically deforms.

Second Embodiment In the above-described first embodiment, it is necessary to pull the operation knob 12 to a predetermined position when opening the grip teeth 9L and 9R. In this embodiment, the release knob is operated with one touch. This allows the gripping teeth 9R to be quickly opened by just holding it. In FIG. 6, reference numeral 21 denotes a pair of release pins provided for releasing a leaf spring engagement described later.
The reference numerals 1 extend from the rear of the operation knob 12 to the vicinity of each recessed opening 13a via a through hole 20 formed in the operation knob 12. A common release knob 22 is provided at the base end of the release pin 21, and is normally urged rightward by a spring 23 provided between the release knob 22 and the operation knob 12. The operation knob 12 is normally urged rightward by a return spring 24 provided between the operation knob 12 and the chuck frame 8. In this embodiment,
Groove 1 extending in the longitudinal direction on the upper and lower side surfaces of transmission shaft 11A
On the other hand, from the upper and lower wall surfaces of the through hole 10A on the chuck frame 8 side, a wavy locking plate 25 in which concave portions 25a and convex portions 25b are alternately formed at predetermined intervals.
Is protruding. The concave portion 25a and the convex portion 25 of the locking plate 25
The shape of b is the concave portion 15a and the convex portion 15b of the first embodiment described above.
The same as above, except that the projection 25b of the locking plate 25 and the transmission shaft 11
A slight gap is provided between the groove A and the bottom surface of the groove 11b. The above-described release pin 21 is provided with the projection 25b and the groove 11b.
The leaf spring 14 is disposed in a gap between
(See FIG. 6B).

In a normal state, as shown in FIG.
The distal end 21 a of the release pin 21 is separated from the leaf spring 14 by the urging force of the spring 23. Grab 9L, 9R
When the opening is opened, the release knob 22 is pushed to the left in the drawing, and the locking portion 14a of the leaf spring 14 is pushed down in the drawing by the release pin tip 21a, so that the locking portion 14a of the leaf spring 14
Release the lock with 5a. The transmission shaft 11 and the right gripping tooth 9R fixed thereto are slid rightward in the drawing by the urging force of the return spring 24, and the gripping teeth 9L and 9R are opened at a stretch. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, in addition to the effect obtained in the above-described first embodiment, it is possible to obtain an effect that the grip teeth 9L and 9R can be easily and promptly opened.

Third Embodiment FIGS. 7 and 8 are views showing a third embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention, and FIG. 7 is a partially broken view showing a right grip tooth and a tip portion of a chuck frame. FIG. 8A is a front view, and FIG.
8 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ha- 'in FIG. 7, and FIG. 8 (c) is a partial cross-sectional view of the transmission shaft. is there. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8A, a through hole 10B having a circular cross section is formed in the right end portion 8a of the chuck frame 8, and a through wall 10B is formed in the peripheral wall of the through hole 10B. Large-diameter ring-shaped recess 30
Are formed at predetermined intervals. In addition, as shown in FIG.
A groove 31 having substantially the same depth as that of the test piece TP extends along the axial direction of the through-hole 10 (this coincides with the gripping direction of the test piece TP) and is formed. The groove 31 is formed at four locations at approximately 90 ° intervals along the circumferential direction of the through hole 10B.

The other configuration is that the transmission shaft 11 is formed in a columnar shape, and the leaf spring 14B as shown in FIG. (Only two are shown in the figure), and rubber sheets 32 are attached to the end faces of the gripping teeth 9L and 9R (only the right gripping tooth 9R is shown in the figure). Except for this point, the configuration is substantially the same as that of the above-described first embodiment, and a description thereof will be omitted. The plate spring 14B has its locking portion 14a 'deformed to the right in the drawing, and
The right side portion 14c of 4a 'is formed substantially upright. The rubber sheet 32 grips the test piece TP by elastically deforming the rubber sheet 32 with a gripping force from the transmission shaft 11 when the test piece TP is thin or thin like a linear body. It is provided in.

Grasping tools 6, 7 having the above-described configuration
In order to grip the test piece TP, as in the first embodiment, the operator pushes the operation knob 12 to the left in FIG. 7 with the test piece TP inserted between the pair of gripping teeth 9L and 9R. The transmission shaft 11B and the right grip tooth 9R fixed to one end thereof are moved to the left in the drawing to obtain the grip teeth 9L and 9R.
Is closed, and the rubber sheet 3 is held by these gripping teeth 9L and 9R.
The operation knob 12 is pushed to the left until the specimen 2 is elastically deformed and the test piece TP is gripped. When the operation knob 12 is pushed to the left, the locking portion 14a 'of the leaf spring 14B protruding from the transmission shaft 11 fits into the concave portion 30, and the upright wall portion 14c is locked to the rear wall portion of the concave portion 30. Each time the transmission shaft 11 is engaged with the chuck frame 8, the right grip tooth 9R is
It is moved and locked discontinuously at every 0 forming pitch. On the other hand, in order to release the gripping of the test piece TP by the gripping tools 6 and 7, the operation knob 12 is rotated left or right so that the locking portion 14a 'of the leaf spring 14B faces the groove 31. Then, the engagement between the leaf spring 14B and the concave portion 30 is released. In this state, if the operation knob 12 is pulled to the right in the drawing, the leaf spring 1
4B is guided by the groove 31 so that the transmission shaft 1
The whole 1 slides to the right, and the gripping teeth 9L, 9R open smoothly. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, in addition to the effects obtained in the above-described first embodiment, the gripping teeth 9L, 9R
Can be quickly released. The operation knob 12 and the chuck frame 8
If a return spring as in the second embodiment is interposed between the first and second embodiments, the gripping teeth 9R are released by the spring force only by causing the locking portions 14a 'of the leaf springs 14B to face the groove 31. Operability is improved. It is desirable to provide a return spring that assists the return of the gripping teeth 9R.

-Fourth Embodiment- The material testing machine of the present invention can be applied to a machine using a so-called wedge type gripper. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a fourth embodiment of the material testing machine according to the present invention using a wedge type gripper. In FIG. 9, a space 40 having a wedge surface 40a is formed in the chuck frame 18, and the wedge-shaped gripping teeth 19L and 19R are slidably housed in the wedge surface 40a. An operating rod 41 is provided in a space 40 behind the proximal ends of the gripping teeth 19L and 19R, and a hook 42 projecting from the proximal ends of the gripping teeth 9L and 9R is engaged with the operating rod 41. The gripping teeth 9L and 9R also move up and down as the operating rod 41 moves up and down. The one end 11a of the transmission shaft 11B similar to that of the third embodiment described above is cut out on a slope inclined downward to the right in the figure, and a groove 43 is formed along the slope. The upper end of the operating rod 41 is also notched on the lower right slope to form a projection (not shown) that engages with the groove 43 of the transmission shaft 11B. The other configuration is substantially the same as that of the above-described third embodiment, and the description thereof is omitted.

Grasping tools 6, 7 having the above-described configuration
In order to grip the test piece TP, as in the third embodiment, the operator pushes the operation knob 12 to the left in FIG. 9 with the test piece TP inserted between the pair of gripping teeth 19L and 19R. The transmission shaft 11B is moved to the left in the figure. When the transmission shaft 11B moves to the left, the operating rod 41 moves downward due to the engagement of the groove 43 and the projection, and the gripping teeth 19L and 19R also move along the wedge surface 40a of the space 40.
The test piece TP is gripped by sliding downward and moving relatively downward with respect to the chuck frame 18, closing the gripping teeth 19L and 19R and elastically deforming the rubber sheet 32. When the operation knob 12 is pushed to the left, the transmission shaft 1
Locking portion 14a 'of leaf spring 14B projecting up and down from 1B
The transmission shaft 11 is locked to the chuck frame 18 each time the lock is locked in the concave portion 30, and the right grip tooth 19R is
It is moved discontinuously at every 0 forming pitch. On the other hand, in order to release the grip of the test piece TP by the gripping tools 6 and 7,
By rotating the operation knob 12 in the left or right direction, the leaf spring 1
4B with the engaging portion 14a 'facing the groove 31 and the leaf spring 1
The lock between the 4B and the recess 30 is released. In this state, if the operation knob 12 is pulled to the right in the drawing, the locking portion 14a 'of the leaf spring 14B is guided by the groove 31, and the entire transmission shaft 11B slides to the right. When the transmission shaft 11B slides to the right, the operating rod 41 moves upward due to the engagement of the groove 43 and the projection, and the gripping teeth 19L and 19R also move upward relative to the chuck frame 18 with this. Then, the gripping teeth 19L and 19R open. Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the same effect as that of the third embodiment can be obtained. It is preferable to provide a return spring for assisting the grip teeth 19L and 19R to return upward.

In the correspondence between the embodiment described above and the claims, the operating knob 12 constitutes an operating portion, and the leaf spring 14 and the concave portions 15a and 25a, or the leaf spring 14B and the concave portion 30 constitute a locking mechanism, respectively. The leaf springs 14 and 14B constitute a spring body. The details of the material testing machine of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications are possible.

[0020]

As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the operating force applied to the operating section is transmitted to at least one of the gripping teeth by the transmission shaft, and the gripping teeth are moved in the gripping direction of the test piece. When moving, the transmission shaft is locked to the gripper body at predetermined intervals by locking the spring body of the locking mechanism to the concave locking portion, so that an operating force is applied to the operating portion. The test piece can be gripped by the gripping teeth or the gripping of the test piece by the gripping teeth can be released, and these gripping and releasing operations can be performed quickly and easily. Moreover, there is no need to use an expensive mechanism such as an air cylinder, and the manufacturing cost is low. Also,
Since the gripping force of the test piece is obtained by using the elastic deformation of the spring body that locks the transmission shaft by the locking mechanism, the number of parts, the size of the gripper, and the cost can be reduced. It works.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a material testing machine according to a first embodiment of the present invention, and is a partially cutaway front view showing a right grip tooth and a tip end portion of a chuck frame.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II ′ of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a front view showing the upper grip of the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a schematic configuration of a material testing machine of a first embodiment.

5A and 5B are views showing the leaf spring of the first embodiment, wherein FIG. 5A is a top view and FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a material testing machine according to a second embodiment of the present invention, wherein (a) is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a transmission shaft, and (b) is a partially broken side view of the transmission shaft. is there.

FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway front view showing a right grip tooth and a chuck frame of a material testing machine according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

8 (a) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line ロ 'of FIG. 7;
(b) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C-A 'of FIG. 7, and (c) is a partial cross-sectional view of the transmission shaft.

FIG. 9 is a partially cutaway front view showing an upper grip of the material testing machine according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 6 Upper gripping tool 7 Lower gripping tool 8, 18 Chuck frame 9L, 19L Left gripping tooth 9R, 19R Right gripping tooth 11, 11A, 11B Transmission shaft 12 Operating knob 14, 14B Leaf spring 14a, 14a 'Locking portion 15a, 25a , 30 recess

Claims (1)

(57) [Scope of request for utility model registration] In a material testing machine provided with a gripper for gripping a test piece with a pair of gripping teeth, an operating force applied to an operating part is transmitted to at least one of the gripping teeth and the gripping tooth is moved to the test piece. And a locking mechanism for locking the transmission shaft to the gripper body at predetermined intervals, wherein the locking mechanism includes a spring body having a protruding elastic locking portion. And a concave locking portion provided at predetermined intervals to lock the elastic locking portion.