JPS62133204A - Sandbag and use thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To form sandbags of constant capacity easily, by filling up the bags of water-permeable material with grains of water-insoluble water-absorbing resin and fibrous substance mixed with each other and formed under pressure. CONSTITUTION:Sandbags 1 are filled up with grains of water-insoluble water- absorbing resin and fibrous substance mixed with each other and formed under pressure in the bags of water-impermeable material, and sandbags 6 are filled u with soil. The sandbags 1 are arranged on the ground 5, and on the bags 1, the sandbags 6 of heavy weight filled up with soil are mounted. By this method, the water-insoluble water-absorbing resin in the sandbags 1 gels absorbing water due to flowing water 8, and so the sandbags of constant capacity can be easily formed, and when the sandbags 1 are combined with the sandbags filled up with soil, then the weight of the whole sandbags is made heavier and can cope with a force applied in the vertical and horizontal directions.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial field of application] This invention is a method of mixing a water-insoluble water-absorbing resin and a fibrous material.
This invention relates to a sandbag filled with pressure-molded granules and a method for using the same.

[Conventional technology]

Generally, sandbags are used as an emergency measure to prevent disasters such as the failure or overflow of river embankments due to floods, the intrusion of inflowing sediment, and the collapse of embankments and slopes due to rainwater.
Conventionally, earth and sand (mainly sand) were placed in bags of specified strength and size.
The inlet is filled manually and the inlet is tightly tied to close it.

Conventional sandbags are constructed as described above, and during normal times, only the bags are prepared, and when a disaster such as the one described above is expected to occur or occurs, the bags are dispatched to the disaster area and are used to prevent damage to the disaster area. Under poor weather conditions, bags are filled with earth and sand, the inlet is closed, and the sandbags are piled up.

[Problem that the invention seeks to solve]

With the conventional sandbags mentioned above, the sandbags are manually filled with sand and the input port is closed under the poor conditions of the disaster area, which requires a large number of manpower and a large amount of sand. In terms of procurement, there was a problem in that it was difficult to make a large number of sandbags in a short period of time in a disaster area.

[Means for solving problems]

The sandbag according to the first invention is a bag made of a water-permeable material and filled with granules obtained by mixing a water-insoluble water-absorbing resin and a fibrous material and press-molding the mixture.

The method of using sandbags according to the second invention is to combine a sandbag made of a water-permeable material and filled with granules made by mixing and press-molding a water-insoluble water-absorbent resin and a fibrous material with a heavy sandbag. This is a method of forming a sandbag layer.

[Effect]

In the sandbag according to the first invention, a bag made of a water-permeable material is filled with a water-insoluble water-absorbing resin, and this water-insoluble water-absorbing resin absorbs water hundreds to thousands of times its own weight and turns it into a water gel. Because I will,
Sandbags can be easily formed by water supply. Moreover, since the water-insoluble water-absorbent resin is mixed with a fibrous material and formed into granules that are pressure-molded, a water-absorbent gel layer is not formed only on the surface of the water-insoluble water-absorbent resin when it becomes a water-absorbent gel. It is possible to form sandbags that fully utilize the water absorption ability of the water absorbent resin.

Further, in the method of using the sandbag according to the second invention, since the sandbag according to the first invention is combined with a heavy sandbag to form a sandbag layer, the weight of the entire sandbag layer becomes large and the sandbag layer is strong. The structure can respond to forces applied in the vertical and horizontal directions, and the sandbag of the first invention can be formed into a sandbag layer even in water.

〔Example〕

The first invention is a sandbag in which a water-permeable bag is filled with granules obtained by mixing and press-molding a water-insoluble water-absorbent resin and a fibrous material.

The water-insoluble water-absorbing resin of the first invention is a copolymer of a monomer and a polysaccharide (B), a monomer (A) and a crosslinking agent (C).
), and a polymer obtained by polymerizing monomer (4), polysaccharide (B), and crosslinking agent (C) as essential components, and optionally hydrolyzing the polymer.

The monomer (4) may be a monomer that is hydrophilic or has become hydrophilic through hydrolysis, a monomer that is water-soluble or a monomer that has become water-soluble through hydrolysis, or a mixture thereof. It is used as follows.

Examples of the polymer of monomer (4) and polysaccharide (B) include hydrolysates of starch-acrylonitrile graft copolymers, cellulose-acrylic acid graft copolymers, and salts thereof.

Moreover, as a polymer of monomer (A) and crosslinking agent (C),
For example, polyacrylamide crosslinked with a divinyl compound (such as methylenebisacrylamide) and its partial hydrolyzate, crosslinked poval, JP-A-52-146 [No. 9,
Examples include saponified crosslinked vinyl ester-unsaturated carboxylic acid copolymer and crosslinked polyethylene oxide described in JP-A-52-27455.

Furthermore, as a polymer obtained by polymerizing monomer (B), polysaccharide (B), and crosslinking agent (C) as essential components and optionally hydrolyzing, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 53-46199, Publication No. 53-46200 and Special Publication No. 55-4
Examples include a cross-linked starch-acrylamide graft copolymer, a cross-linked starch-acrylic acid graft copolymer, and salts thereof, which are described in Japanese Patent No. 462.

Two or more of these hydrophilic crosslinked polymers may be used in combination,
The particle size of the polymer particles is usually 5 to 5000μ or less, preferably 20 to 500μ, and is usually (5Q Inf'9
It has a water absorption capacity of more than

The fibrous material mixed with water-insoluble water-absorbing resin and press-molded is natural fiber (vegetable fibers include cellulose, such as paper, cotton, straw, sawdust, grass charcoal, pulp, etc.; animal fibers include silk). .

1. Asbestos,
Examples include inorganic fibers such as perlite and combination systems of two or more of these fibers. Among these, preferred are fibers or vegetable fibrous substances that can become fibrous in water (hereinafter, organic fibrous substances are simply referred to as fibers), such as crushed paper, cotton, bulbs, and grass charcoal. Among these, pulverized paper is particularly preferred, and pulverized paper containing small pieces of unpulverized paper (for example, in the order of 1 to 50 pieces) can also be used. In addition to the pulverized paper, other fibers can also be used in combination. The ratio of crushed paper to other fibers is usually 100:0~
The ratio is 1:99, preferably 100:0 to 50:50.

The fibers can be in powder form, such as fine powder or ground fibers, and fibers, such as cut single fibers (usually less than 100 denier in thickness), or bundles of multiple fibers. Examples include those treated with a suitable sizing agent and cut, woven fabrics, single-knit nonwoven fabrics, sheets (for example, paper), etc., cut or loosened. The length of the fiber is not particularly limited, but is usually 0.01 to 50 cm, preferably 0.01 to 50 cm.
01 to 5 cabinets.

The mixing ratio of water-insoluble water absorbent resin and fibrous material is usually 5/
95 to 90/10 (weight ratio), preferably 20/8
0 to 80/20, the mixture of both is 0.3 VAr &
The above is preferably pressure molded to a bulk specific gravity of 0.79Ar1 or more.

Pressure molding methods include a method of pressure molding into pellets in a formwork at room temperature, and a method of pressure molding at room temperature into a sheet, rod, or block shape, and then cutting or crushing it into an appropriate size. . Note that pressure molding is performed by heating (e.g. 20~
150° C.) and humidification (60 to 100% humidity).

Pressure forming machines include compacting machines with corrugated rolls, calendar machines, roll presses such as fricate machines, hydraulic half-plate presses, screw presses, etc., and the bulk specific gravity of the pressure-formed product is 0.31 Art1. Pressure molding is carried out at a pressure of K 1 to 300 (] kVcJ, preferably 100 to 20 Of/crt, so as to achieve the above.

The shape of the pressure-molded product obtained may be arbitrary, and includes various shapes such as a sphere, a cylinder, a cube, a rectangular parallelepiped, a cone, a pyramid, a rod, a sheet, and a roll. The size is such that the shortest diameter of the press-molded product is usually 10 crn or less, preferably 6 crn or less.

On the other hand, the material of the bag used to fill the pressure-molded granules is strong enough to withstand vertical and surrounding loads even when layered as sandbags through water, and the water-insoluble water-absorbent resin absorbs water. It has the ability to absorb water and prevent water from leaking even when it becomes a water-absorbing gel, and 50 to 300 mesh fabrics, knits, non-woven fabrics, etc. made of materials such as natural fibers, artificial fibers, metal fibers, and mineral fibers can be used. .

It can also be used by stacking sheets of thermoplastic resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene and heat-sealing the edges to form a bag. Make holes in the bag that are small enough to prevent leakage even if the resin absorbs water and turns into a gel. The most suitable material in terms of strength is a woven fabric made of slit yarns made by slitting a stretched thermoplastic resin film or sheet such as polypropylene, which allows water to pass through well and prevents leakage of gelled water-insoluble resin.

Bags made of these materials can have any shape, but it is convenient for construction and handling to be a single square bag or a continuous band bag. When it is made into a bag, it is preferable for the bottom part to be about 25 to 60 pieces and the sides to be about 60 to 70 pieces for handling purposes. In addition, the amount of granules to be filled into the bag should be 0.1 to 5.0% by volume, preferably 0.2 to 2.0% by volume, based on the amount of water retained after water-absorbing gelation. It is preferable because of the relationship. When filling a bag with granules, only the granules may be filled, but it is advantageous to mix in a predetermined proportion of an inert substance such as earth and sand to stabilize the bag when stacking it into a sandbag.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the first invention.
) (1) is made of 100 mesh woven nylon shear with 25-30 centimeters on the bottom and 60-70 centimeters on the sides! n bags and filled with granules. For example, when the volume of bag (1) is 25 to 45 tons, 50 to 5001 granules are filled. In addition, (2) in (B) in the figure shows the bag (1) continuous to form a belt-shaped bag, and (3) is the distance between the bags (1) and the sandbags (2) stacked. It can be arbitrarily determined depending on the method. (C) in the figure shows the state in which the belt-shaped bag (2) is rolled up and stored.

The sandbag according to the first invention is constructed as described above, and when the granules are dried, the sandbags (1) and (2) are placed in a predetermined place, and water is supplied artificially or by rainfall, etc.
The water-insoluble water-absorbent resin absorbs several hundred to several thousand times its own weight in water and turns it into a water gel, forming a heavy pillow-shaped sandbag. At that time, the water-insoluble water-absorbent resin is mixed with a fibrous material and formed into granules, so the water-insoluble water-absorbent resin on the surface layer first absorbs water and forms a gel layer, which is then used to form a gel layer. Since it does not interfere with water absorption and gelatinization, the water-insoluble water-absorbing resin fully exhibits its water-absorbing ability and retains a large amount of water. Furthermore, since the retained water is irreversible, even if a load is applied to the sandbag, water will not be released and the sandbag will maintain its function.

A second invention is a method for stacking sandbags according to the first invention. The sandbags (1) and (2) according to the first invention can be used in disaster areas etc. for a short time by drying the water-insoluble water absorbent resin and stacking the sandbags (1) or band-shaped sandbags (2) and supplying water. , and a sandbag layer can be obtained with little effort.

However, since the weight of sandbags (1) and (2) is obtained from water, the sandbags stacked on the river embankment <1)
, (2) When running water collides with the sandbag (1
), (2) The layers may collapse. Therefore, the method of the second invention uses the sandbags (1) and (2) of the first invention filled with earth and sand, which are also heavier.
The sandbags (1) and (2) of the first invention are combined to form a sandbag layer.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing an embodiment of the second invention.
(3) in the figure is a sandbag layer in which sandbags (1) are lined up on land (5) and a sandbag (6) filled with heavy earth and sand is placed on top of the sandbags (1), and (8) is a sandbag layer on the side of the sandbag layer. A certain running water, the arrow (a) is the pressure from the running water (8). (B in Figure 2)
) is a sandbag (6) filled with heavy earth and sand placed on the interval (3) between band-shaped sandbags (2).

FIG. 2C shows the sandbag (1) of the first invention and a sandbag (6) filled with heavy earth and sand stacked side by side.

In this way, when the sandbags (1) and (2) of the first invention are combined with the heavy sandbag (6), a heavy and strong sandbag layer is formed, and the flowing water (8) collides with the sandbag to create pressure. By using the sandbag of the first invention, the sandbag layer does not collapse even under load and maintains its function as a sandbag layer. Moreover, it can be formed with little effort.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As explained above, the first invention has a certain strength,
By filling a bag made of water-permeable material with granules made by mixing a water-insoluble water-absorbing resin and a fibrous material and press-molding it, a sandbag layer can be formed in a short time with little manual effort. There is.

In addition, the second invention combines the bag according to the first invention with a heavy sandbag to form a sandbag layer, so even when various pressures are applied, the layered state is maintained firmly and disasters are prevented. There is an effect that can be done.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 (A), (B), and (C) are detailed explanatory diagrams of the first invention, and Figures 2 (4), (B), and (C) are detailed explanatory diagrams of the second invention. be. In the figure, (1) is a sandbag, (2) is a band-shaped sandbag,
(6) is a heavy sandbag filled with earth and sand, and (8) is running water. Agent Patent Attorney Masaru Sato Figure 1 (A) (B) (C) Figure 2 (A)

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A sandbag formed by filling a bag made of a water-permeable material with granules obtained by mixing and press-molding a water-insoluble water-absorbing resin and a fibrous material. 2. The sandbag according to claim 1, wherein the granules have a bulk specific gravity of 0.3 g/cm^2 or more. 3. The sandbag according to claim 1, wherein the sandbag is filled with the granules in an amount of 0.2 to 2.0% by volume based on the volume of the bag. 4. Method for using the above sandbags, in which a sandbag made of a water-permeable material is filled with granules made by mixing a water-insoluble water-absorbent resin and a fibrous material and then pressure-molded, and a heavy sandbag is combined to form a sandbag layer. .