JPS6141676B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPS6141676B2 JPS6141676B2 JP57206687A JP20668782A JPS6141676B2 JP S6141676 B2 JPS6141676 B2 JP S6141676B2 JP 57206687 A JP57206687 A JP 57206687A JP 20668782 A JP20668782 A JP 20668782A JP S6141676 B2 JPS6141676 B2 JP S6141676B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- optical fiber
- laser beam
- light
- laser
- receiving element
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 8
- PGAPATLGJSQQBU-UHFFFAOYSA-M thallium(i) bromide Chemical compound [Tl]Br PGAPATLGJSQQBU-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GBECUEIQVRDUKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M thallium monochloride Chemical compound [Tl]Cl GBECUEIQVRDUKB-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/02—Positioning or observing the workpiece, e.g. with respect to the point of impact; Aligning, aiming or focusing the laser beam
- B23K26/03—Observing, e.g. monitoring, the workpiece
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、レーザー光線を光フアイバーにて目
的部位に導き、溶接、切断、あるいは患部の切
開・蒸散等を行なうレーザー加工装置に関するも
のである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a laser processing device that guides a laser beam to a target area using an optical fiber to perform welding, cutting, incision and vaporization of an affected area, and the like.
従来例の構成とその問題点
従来例を、レーザー加工装置の中の特にレーザ
ーメス装置について説明すると、YAGあるいは
CO2レーザー光線を作業光とし、患部の切開ある
いは蒸散等を行なうレーザーメス装置に於いて、
レーザー光線を手術部位に導く手段としては、複
数個の反射鏡によりレーザー光線を導くいわゆる
ミラー関節方式と、現在実用化されつつある光フ
アイバー方式とがある。ミラー関節方式は、操作
性や保守等の面で問題があるため、光フアイバー
方式の実用化が望まれている。YAGレーザー光
に対しては石英フアイバーが用いられている。一
方、CO2レーザー光線が透過可能な光フアイバー
材料としては、〓化タリウムと臭化タリウムとの
混晶物（以下KRS−５と称す）等が挙げられ
る。このKRS−５は多結晶構造を有するため、
非常に脆く、ある曲率以上に曲げると折れるとい
う欠点がある。このため、KRS−５を曲率制限
型の外被で覆い、ある曲率までは殆んど抵抗なく
自由に曲げられるが、一定の曲率以上には曲がら
ないようにして用いている。またこれら光フアイ
バーは、例えばその直径が0.5mmという非常に細
い中を数十ワツトものレーザー光線が通過するた
め、光フアイバー内の損失により光フアイバーの
温度が上昇する。Configuration of conventional example and its problems To explain the conventional example, especially regarding laser scalpel equipment in laser processing equipment, YAG or
In a laser scalpel device that uses a CO 2 laser beam as a working light to incise or vaporize the affected area,
Means for guiding the laser beam to the surgical site include the so-called mirror joint method, in which the laser beam is guided by a plurality of reflecting mirrors, and the optical fiber method, which is currently being put into practical use. Since the mirror joint method has problems in terms of operability and maintenance, it is desired to put the optical fiber method into practical use. A quartz fiber is used for YAG laser light. On the other hand, examples of the optical fiber material through which the CO 2 laser beam can pass include a mixed crystal of thallium chloride and thallium bromide (hereinafter referred to as KRS-5). Since this KRS-5 has a polycrystalline structure,
It has the disadvantage that it is extremely brittle and will break if bent beyond a certain curvature. For this reason, the KRS-5 is covered with a curvature-limiting type outer cover so that it can be bent freely up to a certain curvature with almost no resistance, but cannot be bent beyond a certain curvature. Furthermore, these optical fibers are extremely thin, with a diameter of 0.5 mm, for example, and a laser beam of several tens of watts passes through them, so the temperature of the optical fiber increases due to loss within the optical fiber.
ところで、レーザーメス装置の使用中に光フア
イバーが折損あるいは溶融したような場合には、
高出力のレーザー光線が外被を貫通する可能性も
あり、患者はもちろん術者等の周囲の人々は大変
危険な状態に陥ることになる。またKRS−５が
溶融する時に発生する蒸気は人体にとつて何らか
の影響を与える可能性があるため、光フアイバー
の溶融は何としても避けなければならず、このた
め、光フアイバーの劣化状態を監視するために従
来から種々の方法が試みられて来たがいずれも不
完全なものであつた。 By the way, if the optical fiber breaks or melts while using the laser scalpel device,
There is a possibility that the high-power laser beam may penetrate the outer sheath, putting the patient as well as the surgeon and other people around them in a very dangerous situation. In addition, the vapor generated when KRS-5 melts may have some effect on the human body, so melting of the optical fiber must be avoided at all costs.For this reason, the state of deterioration of the optical fiber must be monitored. Various methods have been tried in the past for this purpose, but all have been incomplete.
例えば光フアイバーの温度を検出して、温度上
昇が検出された場合には、直ちにCO2レーザーの
発振を停止させるようにしたレーザーメス装置に
於いては、光フアイバーの温度を検出するため
に、温度によつて電気抵抗が変化する樹脂テープ
等を光フアイバーの周囲に巻き付ける方法等が考
えられる。しかしこの場合には、樹脂テープ等に
より光フアイバーの大きな利点の一つである可撓
性を損なつたり、また光フアイバーの光透過特性
に影響を及ぼしたりするという問題があつた。 For example, in a laser scalpel device that detects the temperature of an optical fiber and immediately stops the oscillation of the CO 2 laser when a temperature rise is detected, in order to detect the temperature of the optical fiber, One possible method is to wrap a resin tape or the like whose electrical resistance changes depending on the temperature around the optical fiber. However, in this case, there are problems in that the resin tape or the like impairs flexibility, which is one of the great advantages of optical fibers, and also affects the light transmission characteristics of optical fibers.
発明の目的
本発明は上記従来の欠点を解消するもので、光
フアイバーの可撓性や光透過特性を損なうことな
く光フアイバーの劣化状態を確実に監視できるレ
ーザー加工装置を提供することを目的とする。Purpose of the Invention The present invention solves the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, and an object thereof is to provide a laser processing device that can reliably monitor the deterioration state of an optical fiber without impairing the flexibility or light transmission characteristics of the optical fiber. do.
発明の構成
上記目的を達するため、本発明のレーザー加工
装置は、レーザー光線発生手段と、このレーザー
光線発生手段より発生するレーザー光線を伝送す
る光フアイバーと、前記レーザー光線を集光して
前記光フアイバーに入射させる入射側集光レンズ
と、前記光フアイバーから出射されるレーザー光
線を集光・結像させる出射側集光レンズと、前記
入射側集光レンズにより集光される略円錐状光束
を取り巻く位置に配置されて前記光フアイバーか
らの反射光を受光する受光素子と、この受光素子
の出力から前記光フアイバーの劣化状態を監視す
る制御部とを備えた構成である。Structure of the Invention In order to achieve the above object, the laser processing apparatus of the present invention includes a laser beam generating means, an optical fiber that transmits the laser beam generated by the laser beam generating means, and a condensing of the laser beam and making it incident on the optical fiber. an input-side condenser lens, an output-side condenser lens that condenses and forms an image of the laser beam emitted from the optical fiber, and a condenser lens arranged at a position surrounding the substantially conical light beam condensed by the input-side condenser lens. This configuration includes a light-receiving element that receives reflected light from the optical fiber, and a control section that monitors the deterioration state of the optical fiber from the output of the light-receiving element.
実施例の説明
以下、本発明の一実施例について、図面に基づ
いて説明する。DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
第１図はレーザー加工装置の一例としてのCO2
レーザーメスの外観斜視図であり、１はCO2レー
ザー発振管及びこれより発射されたCO2レーザー
光線を集光するための集光レンズが組み込まれた
ハウジング、２は電源及び制御部、３はハウジン
グ１を所定の高さに支持するための支柱、４は内
部にKRS−５等の赤外光用光フアイバーが組み
込まれた曲率制限型の保護管、５は保護管４をハ
ウジング１に固定するためのコネクタ部、６は光
フアイバーから出射された赤外光を集光するため
の集光レンズを組み込んだハンドピースで、この
ハンドピース６は術者が手に持つて操作する部分
である。 Figure 1 shows CO 2 as an example of laser processing equipment.
It is an external perspective view of the laser scalpel, in which 1 is a housing in which a CO 2 laser oscillation tube and a condensing lens for condensing a CO 2 laser beam emitted from the tube are incorporated, 2 is a power supply and control unit, and 3 is a housing. 4 is a curvature-limited protective tube with an infrared optical fiber such as KRS-5 incorporated inside it; 5 is a support tube for fixing the protective tube 4 to the housing 1; A connector part 6 for the operation is a hand piece incorporating a condensing lens for condensing infrared light emitted from an optical fiber, and this hand piece 6 is a part held and operated by the operator.
第２図は要部の構成図、第３図は受光素子の正
面図であり、７はCO2レーザー発振管より出射さ
れたCO2レーザービーム８を集光し、KRS−５等
で構成される光フアイバー９の入射端９ａに入射
させるための入射側集光レンズ、１０は光フアイ
バー９の出射端９ｂから出射される赤外光線を集
光・結像させるための出射側集光レンズである。
１１は熱電対等により構成される受光素子で、入
射側集光レンズ７と同芯状に設置されており、中
央部に入射側集光レンズ７により集光されたCO2
レーザービーム８が通過可能な穴１１ａが形成さ
れている。１２は受光素子１１の出力信号の増幅
や処理を行なう制御部であり、受光素子１１の出
力信号を常時監視すると共に、異常があれば直ち
にCO2レーザー発振管の発振を停止させる。 Figure 2 is a configuration diagram of the main parts, Figure 3 is a front view of the light receiving element, 7 is a CO 2 laser beam 8 emitted from a CO 2 laser oscillation tube, and is composed of KRS-5 etc. 10 is an output side condenser lens for condensing and imaging the infrared rays emitted from the output end 9b of the optical fiber 9. be.
Reference numeral 11 denotes a light-receiving element composed of a thermocouple or the like, which is installed concentrically with the incident-side condensing lens 7, and collects CO 2 focused by the incident-side condensing lens 7 in the center.
A hole 11a is formed through which the laser beam 8 can pass. Reference numeral 12 denotes a control unit that amplifies and processes the output signal of the light receiving element 11, and constantly monitors the output signal of the light receiving element 11, and immediately stops the oscillation of the CO 2 laser oscillation tube if there is any abnormality.
次に動作を説明する。入射側集光レンズ７によ
り集光されたCO2レーザービーム８は、光フアイ
バー９の入射端９ａより入射し、大部分のCO2レ
ーザービーム８は光フアイバー９の出射端９ｂよ
り出射し、出射側集光レンズ１０により集光され
て、患部の切開及び蒸散等を行なう。また、光フ
アイバー９に入射したCO2レーザービーム８の一
部は、出射端９ｂで反射し、再び光フアイバー９
を通過して入射端９ａより反射光１３として出射
される。一般に、KRS−５等の多結晶フアイバ
ー内を通過した光は、結晶境界面での散乱や光フ
アイバー表面状態等の影響で、光フアイバーに入
射する時の角度よりも広がつて出射される。 Next, the operation will be explained. The CO 2 laser beam 8 focused by the incident side condensing lens 7 enters the optical fiber 9 through the input end 9a, and most of the CO 2 laser beam 8 exits from the output end 9b of the optical fiber 9. The light is focused by the side condensing lens 10 to perform incision and ablation of the affected area. Further, a part of the CO 2 laser beam 8 that has entered the optical fiber 9 is reflected at the output end 9b, and the CO 2 laser beam 8 enters the optical fiber 9 again.
The reflected light 13 is emitted from the incident end 9a. Generally, light that passes through a polycrystalline fiber such as KRS-5 is emitted at a wider angle than the angle at which it enters the optical fiber due to scattering at the crystal boundary and the surface condition of the optical fiber.
一方、光フアイバー９の入射端９ａで反射する
CO2レーザー光線は、光フアイバー９の影響を殆
んど受けないので、入射端９ａに入射されるCO2
レーザービーム８とほぼ同じ角度で反射する。 On the other hand, it is reflected at the input end 9a of the optical fiber 9.
Since the CO 2 laser beam is hardly affected by the optical fiber 9, the CO 2 laser beam that enters the input end 9a
It is reflected at approximately the same angle as the laser beam 8.
反射光１３の一部の光は、受光素子１１の一部
に照射され、通常状態では受光素子１１は一定出
力を制御部１２に出力している。もし、光フアイ
バー９に折損、焼損等の異常が発生すると、反射
光１３の入射端９ａからの出射角が広がり、反射
光１４となるか、あるいは、反射光がなくなる。
すなわち、受光素子１１に照射される赤外光の量
が変化するため、受光素子１１の出力が急激に変
化し、制御部１２が光フアイバー９の異常を判断
してCO2レーザー発振管の発振を停止させる。 A part of the reflected light 13 is irradiated onto a part of the light receiving element 11, and in a normal state, the light receiving element 11 outputs a constant output to the control unit 12. If an abnormality such as breakage or burnout occurs in the optical fiber 9, the output angle of the reflected light 13 from the incident end 9a widens, resulting in reflected light 14 or no reflected light.
That is, since the amount of infrared light irradiated to the light receiving element 11 changes, the output of the light receiving element 11 changes rapidly, and the control unit 12 determines that there is an abnormality in the optical fiber 9 and stops the CO 2 laser oscillation tube from oscillating. to stop.
発明の効果
以上説明したように本発明によれば、光フアイ
バーの入射端からの反射光を受光素子で受け、こ
の受光素子の出力を制御部で常時監視するので、
異常があれば直ちにレーザー発振管の発振を停止
させることができ、光フアイバーの可撓性の光透
過特性を損なうことなく光フアイバーの劣化状態
の監視を確実に行ない得る。Effects of the Invention As explained above, according to the present invention, the light receiving element receives reflected light from the input end of the optical fiber, and the output of the light receiving element is constantly monitored by the control unit.
If there is an abnormality, the oscillation of the laser oscillation tube can be immediately stopped, and the deterioration state of the optical fiber can be reliably monitored without impairing the flexible light transmission characteristics of the optical fiber.
第１図は本発明の一実施例におけるCO2レーザ
ーメス装置の外観斜視図、第２図は同装置の要部
構成図、第３図は受光素子の正面図である。
７……入射側集光レンズ、９……光フアイバ
ー、１０……出射側集光レンズ、１１……受光素
子、１２……制御部。
FIG. 1 is an external perspective view of a CO 2 laser scalpel device according to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of main parts of the device, and FIG. 3 is a front view of a light receiving element. 7... Incidence side condensing lens, 9... Optical fiber, 10... Output side condensing lens, 11... Light receiving element, 12... Control unit.
Claims (1)
発生手段より発生するレーザー光線を伝送する光
フアイバーと、前記レーザー光線を集光して前記
光フアイバーに入射させる入射側集光レンズと、
前記光フアイバーから出射されるレーザー光線を
集光・結像させる出射側集光レンズと、前記入射
側集光レンズにより集光される略円錐状光束を取
り巻く位置に配置されて前記光フアイバーからの
反射光を受光する受光素子と、この受光素子の出
力から前記光フアイバーの劣化状態を監視する制
御部とを備えたレーザー加工装置。1. A laser beam generating means, an optical fiber that transmits the laser beam generated by the laser beam generating means, and an incident side condensing lens that condenses the laser beam and makes it enter the optical fiber;
An exit-side condensing lens that condenses and forms an image of the laser beam emitted from the optical fiber, and a condensing lens located at a position surrounding the substantially conical light beam condensed by the input-side condensing lens to reflect the laser beam from the optical fiber. A laser processing device comprising: a light-receiving element that receives light; and a control unit that monitors the deterioration state of the optical fiber from the output of the light-receiving element.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57206687A JPS5997785A (en) | 1982-11-24 | 1982-11-24 | Laser working device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57206687A JPS5997785A (en) | 1982-11-24 | 1982-11-24 | Laser working device |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS5997785A JPS5997785A (en) | 1984-06-05 |
| JPS6141676B2 true JPS6141676B2 (en) | 1986-09-17 |
Family
ID=16527446
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP57206687A Granted JPS5997785A (en) | 1982-11-24 | 1982-11-24 | Laser working device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5997785A (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH0661336B2 (en) * | 1985-10-31 | 1994-08-17 | 富士写真光機株式会社 | Laser equipment |
| JPS62163947A (en) * | 1986-01-14 | 1987-07-20 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | State monitor for optical fiber |
| US20210301369A1 (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-09-30 | Airbus Sas | Laser Shock Peening Apparatus |
-
1982
- 1982-11-24 JP JP57206687A patent/JPS5997785A/en active Granted
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPS5997785A (en) | 1984-06-05 |
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