JPS6131355B2 - - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an occlusion element that constitutes an occlusion device that physically or chemically combines and occludes gas using a solid as a medium. In addition, it improves heat conduction in the packed bed, makes it possible to easily control gas occlusion and release actions, and performs multiple control of these to simultaneously perform gas occlusion and release. Furthermore, when replacing the filling material as it ages, it is possible to replace only a portion of the filling material, thereby improving workability.

In general, gases can be stored by compression storage, which is compressed with a compressor and stored, liquefaction storage, which is liquefied and stored like liquid nitrogen or liquid oxygen, and solidification storage, which is solidified and stored like dry ice. As a medium, there are solid occlusions that occlude by adsorption, combination, absorption, etc. The issue here is solid occlusion, and adsorption refers to activated carbon, synthetic zeolite,
It adsorbs gas onto activated alumina, silica gel, etc., and is used to separate specific gases from composite gases. Absorption is the process of infiltrating a solid (sawdust, etc.) with an absorbing liquid to absorb a gas, similar to how acetylene is absorbed using acetone. Combination is the process of bringing a gas into contact with a metal to cause a chemical reaction, creating a compound of the gas and metal, which is then absorbed. One way to utilize the solid storage is, for example, by introducing air into a packed bed of 5A type synthetic zeolite filled in a container, allowing the 5A type synthetic zeolite to adsorb nitrogen, carbon dioxide, moisture, etc. in the air, and removing the remaining oxygen. There is a method to obtain a gas containing a large amount of (99.6% content). Then, the adsorbed nitrogen and the like are released from the 5A type synthetic zeolite by heating the packed material and vacuum suction, and are used again to produce oxygen. In addition, hydrogen gas is cooled under high pressure and brought into contact with special metals such as magnesium, iron titanium, and lanthanum nickel, causing a chemical reaction between the two and combining hydrogen and metal to form a metal hydride. Hydrogen may be stored inside. This reaction is reversible, and when the pressure is lowered and the temperature raised, hydrogen is released from the metal.

By the way, as shown in FIG. 1, a device for carrying out the above operation is a cylindrical body 1 filled with a solid 2 that absorbs gas, an inlet 3 provided at the bottom of the body 1, and an outlet 4 provided at the top. Furthermore, a heat exchange pipe 5 is arranged in a snake shape inside the solid body 2, and has a structure in which both ends protrude from the side wall of the cylindrical body 1. Note that when the gas itself is occluded, it is not necessary to provide the outlet 4. Gas is supplied from the suction port 3 into the cylindrical body 1 made in this way,
It is diffused between the solids 2 and occluded, and the pipe 5
Solid that generates heat during occlusion by conducting cooling water inside 2
Allow to cool. The remaining gas that has not been occluded is discharged from the discharge port 4. When releasing the gas, the pressure inside the cylinder 1 is lowered, high-temperature fluid is passed through the pipe 5, and the solid 2 is heated. During the storage, the gas supply rate is slowed down to prevent pressure loss within the cylinder 1 as much as possible. However, the solid 2 to be filled is porous and has low thermal conductivity, and is often filled with granular materials to increase the contact area with gas, resulting in poor overall heat conduction. When the packed bed of the solid 2 is made large, it becomes difficult to control the temperature of the packed bed, and the amount of gas absorbed, the absorption rate, and the release rate decrease. In other words, the reaction between the gas and the solid 2 occurs instantaneously, generating heat during storage and absorbing heat during release. If the removal of heat from the filling lags behind the heat generation, the gas will be heated and expand, the pressure will rise, the balance of the pressure difference with the gas to be fed will be disturbed, and the amount of gas to be fed will decrease. Furthermore, if the temperature rises too much, the (occlusion) equilibrium between pressure and temperature will be disrupted, a reverse reaction will occur, and the occluded gas will be released from the solid 2. Therefore, the amount and rate of gas occlusion are significantly reduced. Furthermore, if the heat of the high-temperature fluid flowing through the pipe 5 is not sufficiently transferred during discharge, the gas will be discharged while removing the heat retained in the packed bed itself, resulting in a decrease in the temperature of the packed bed and the temperature of the discharged gas. The problem was that the volume decreased, the volume contracted, the pressure decreased, and the amount and rate of release decreased. In addition, as the packing ages, it becomes necessary to replace it, but it is difficult to replace a part of the filling, so the whole must be replaced, and new gas must be stored, which is inefficient and uneconomical.

In view of the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, this invention improves and eliminates them, and includes a packed bed filled with fixings that occlude or release gas, a gas flow path that guides gas to the packed bed, and a gas flow path for heating or cooling the packed bed. This device is used in storage devices that form multiple layers of fluid flow passages through which fluid flows, and is formed into a unit by combining a thin filling and at least one gas flow passage and one fluid flow passage that are in full contact with the filling. This structure improves heat conduction in the packed bed, prevents a decrease in the amount of gas stored, and its storage rate and release rate, and allows control of each individual storage element. The structure of the present invention will be described below with reference to embodiments shown in the drawings.

FIGS. 2 and 3 are drawings showing the storage element A, and in the same figure, 6 is a hollow filling container formed with a thinner thickness and a wider width, and is made of a material with good thermal conductivity. A solid (filler) 7 that absorbs or releases gas is filled. 8 is arranged at the center of the filling container 6, forms a gas flow path G in the center, divides the inside of the filling container 6 into two chambers, and forms packed layers S, S before and after the gas flow path G. Gas is supplied to the entire surface of the packed beds S and S using a gas flow pipe. The gas flow pipe 8 may be made of punched metal with many small holes to facilitate gas flow in and out, unglazed ceramics with many small holes, a cylinder wrapped with wire mesh multiple times, or It is formed of a sintered metal cylinder or the like, and has a wide flat cross section in a direction perpendicular to the gas outflow direction, so that it is in contact with the filled layers S, S on its entire surface. Reference numeral 9 denotes a gas inflow pipe connected to a part of the upper part of the gas flow pipe 8, and is connected to the upper wall 10 of the filling container 6.
It is made to stand out more. Reference numerals 11 and 12 denote jackets fixed to the outside of the wide side walls 13 and 14 of the filling container 6, and are press-molded to form a series of protrusions 15 and 16 that meander over the entire area. 16 constitutes a fluid flow path L. This fluid flow path L has a side wall 1 similar to the gas flow path G.
3 and 14, the heat exchange fluid flowing in the fluid flow path L and the packed bed S simultaneously perform heat exchange throughout the entire body to promote the action. let In addition, jacket 1
Instead of 1 and 12, hollow pipes may be attached to the entire side walls 13 and 14 in a meandering manner. 17, 18 are fluid supply pipes integrally attached to the upper ends of the protrusions 15, 16 of the jackets 11, 12; 19, 20 are the fluid supply pipes attached to the protrusions 1
5, 16 is a fluid discharge pipe attached to the lower end. 2
Reference numerals 1 and 22 designate gas venting/filling material charging pipes provided on the upper wall 10 of the filling container 6. 23 is a reinforcing frame provided between the gas flow pipe 8 and the side walls 13 and 14.

In order to store gas in the storage element A having the above configuration, first, the gas venting/filling material charging pipes 21 and 22 are
Then, the air inside the filling container 6 is extracted with a vacuum pump or the like, and with the inside of the filling container 6 under negative pressure, gas can be occluded into the filling beds S, S from the degassing/filling material charging pipes 21 and 22. Activated metal particles are charged into the container and filled. Then, the filling container 6 is sealed, the pressure in the filling beds S and S is increased to a predetermined storage pressure, cooling fluid is supplied from the fluid supply pipes 17 and 18 provided at the upper part of the jackets 11 and 12, and the cooling fluid is supplied to the lower part. is discharged from the fluid supply pipes 19 and 20, and the cooling fluid is conducted into the fluid flow path L to cool the packed beds S and S. When the filled metal particles 7 reach a predetermined temperature, the gas is occluded from the gas inflow pipe 9. Gas is supplied to the gas flow pipe 8 to fill the gas flow path G with the gas. Then, the gas flows out from the entire surface of the gas flow pipe 8 and enters the packed beds S, S, reacts with the metal particles 7 to form a compound, and while generating heat, the gas is occluded in the metal. The heat generated during this reaction is heat exchanged with the cooling fluid flowing in the fluid passage L, and is sequentially removed. When gas is occluded throughout the packed beds S, S in this manner, the supply of gas from the gas inflow pipe 9 is stopped, and at the same time, the conduction of the cooling fluid in the fluid flow path L is stopped. In order to release the gas occluded in the metal grains 7 as described above, the filling layer S in the filling container 6,
The pressure of S is lowered to a predetermined pressure, the gas inflow pipe 9 is opened, and high-temperature fluid such as steam, hot water, or combustion gas is supplied from the fluid supply pipes 17 and 18, and the fluid is supplied from the fluid discharge pipes 19 and 20. The compound is discharged, and the high-temperature fluid is passed through the fluid flow path L to transfer heat to the packed beds S and S, thereby heating the compound to a predetermined discharge temperature or higher. Then, the compounds in the packed beds S, S decompose while absorbing heat and release gas. The released gas flows into the gas flow pipe 8, passes through the gas flow path G, and is released from the gas inflow pipe 9. When the occluded gas is completely released in this way, the conduction of the high temperature fluid in the fluid flow path L is stopped.

During the above operation, the filled layer S in the filled container 6 is thin and has a large area, and its entire surface is in contact with the gas flow passage G, so that the gas flows into the entire layer quickly and smoothly. Since the contact area with the fluid flow path L is also large, heat exchange is widely performed simultaneously between the packed beds S, S and the fluid flow path L, and heat transfer to the entire bed is smooth, and reaction occurs when gas is occluded. Heat can be sufficiently removed, the necessary amount of heat absorption can be given at the time of release, and storage and release can be performed quickly and reliably. Also, controlling the temperature and flow rate of the fluid flowing through the fluid flow path L,
By varying the rate of heat transfer, the absorption and release rates can be easily controlled.

In this way, a single storage element A can store and release gas, and in order to store or release a large amount of gas, for example, multiple storage elements A can be arranged in the same direction as shown in Figure 4. A fixed frame 24 is attached to one end of the storage element A, a movable frame 25 is attached to the other end of the storage element A, and the two are tightened to be integrally connected, and a header 26 is connected to the gas inflow pipe 9 of each storage element A. Fluid supply pipe 1
7, 18, connect the supply main pipe 27 to the fluid discharge pipe 1
By connecting the discharge main pipe 28 to 9 and 20, multiple storage elements A can be operated simultaneously.
A large amount of gas can be occluded or released.
Furthermore, since each occluding element A operates independently, only a specific occluding element A can be occluded or ejected, or can be made to do so at the same time. Furthermore, when replacing the filling 7 in the packed bed S due to aging, it is sufficient to replace each storage element A, and the operation of other storage elements is not hindered and can be operated continuously. Improves work efficiency.

As explained above, the present invention has a thin and wide hollow filling container with a built-in gas flow pipe in the center of the filling container, which is wide and has air permeability so as to partition the filling container into two chambers. A jacket or a meandering hollow pipe, which has a series of meandering protrusions formed by press molding, is attached and fixed to the entire width of both sides of the filling container, and gas flow passages and fluid It is a storage element that constitutes a flow passage, and by combining a large number of these storage elements, a large-capacity storage device can be easily manufactured. can be formed reliably. In addition, in each storage element, the packed bed is thin and the contact area between the packed bed and the gas flow path and the fluid flow path is large, so gas can easily flow in and out of the packed bed, and the heat transfer throughout the packed bed is The heat generation associated with the chemical reaction during occlusion can be sufficiently removed, and the heat necessary for gas dissociation during desorption can be sufficiently provided, ensuring efficient occlusion and desorption. By controlling the temperature and flow rate, the amount of storage and release can be arbitrarily controlled.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a conventional general storage device; Fig. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional side view of the storage element according to the present invention; Fig. 3 is a front view thereof; and Fig. 4 is an example of the use of the storage element. FIG. A...Storage element, 6...Filling container, 7...
...Filling material, 8... Gas flow pipe, 11, 12... Jacket, S... Filled bed, G... Gas flow path, L
...Fluid flow path.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A hollow filling container with a thinner thickness and a wider width has a built-in gas flow pipe with air permeability formed wide in the center of the filling container to divide the filling container into two chambers, and both wide sides of the filling container A jacket or a meandering hollow pipe having a series of meandering protrusions formed by press molding is attached and fixed to the entire surface, and gas flow passages and fluid flow passages are formed on both sides of the packed bed, which are in full contact with the jacket. A storage element for gas.