JPS61294098A - Method and device for manufacturing tubular underground hollow section, such as tunnel, heading or similar article through shielding excavation - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to the application of paste-like material during excavation to the hollow space between the ground and the lining for producing a tubular ground hollow, such as a tunnel, a shaft or the like. The present invention relates to a method for carrying out the method and an apparatus for carrying out the method.

For example, a lining that absorbs the ground pressure in a hollow underground area such as a traffic tunnel] is used to reduce the amount of force exerted by plastic deformation between the outer surface and the lining during relative sliding between the lining and the lining. It is known to provide a layer of transparent material that limits the transmission (German Published Application No. 33 32 242).
. This layer could be made from clay minerals, such as hentonite. The bentonite is preferably added as a pasty mixture with water and optionally filler material as the lining manufacture progresses.

Furthermore, for example, Germany Offshore Ha ≦ Republic Application Publication No. 30152
What is known from Publication No. 10 is that the following aspects of the production of tunnels from cast-in-place concrete with a Nord lζ excavation machine, i.e., the concrete is excavated on-site, followed by the advancement of the shield and the internal formwork and exposed. It is +1 between the ground or the ground where it is. In this case, the internal formwork consisting of the lateral tapping-like formwork elements is continuously displaced during the excavation, but always between the end formwork of the concrete to be poured or the shielding edge jNI< and the internal formwork. rearranged to seal the space. In this way, the inclusion of elements, such as reinforcing elements, in the concrete forming the lining eliminates Δ.

A further problem when producing cast-in-place concrete tunnel linings is that the tunneling shield is telescopically guided at its rear wall edge along the already produced part of the lining. As a result, the movability of the digging shield is limited, making it difficult to curve and move.

The main problem of this invention is that when constructing a tubular underground hollow part, it is possible to ensure the controllability of the excavation shield by incorporating members such as reinforcing beams during lining construction. The purpose is to do so. The lining of the hollow area is formed from hardened material brought into the site during excavation, and a layer of paste-like material is placed in the hollow space between the lining and the ground. be.

The above problem is solved by the following characteristic configuration of the present invention.
It will be resolved. i.e. covering] is divided into successive structural sections of an in-situ hardening material, e.g. concrete 1, bounded by end forms advanceable in the direction of excavation;
The paste-like material T1 is produced by placing it in the hollow space between the inner formwork and the outer formwork, and the excavation shield produced after the hardening of the material of the last produced section and the end of the advance of the outer formwork. The end formwork is advanced before the displacement of the inner formwork, and the outer formwork is lifted off the outer surface of the last produced section of the lining before being advanced radially. .

Advantageously, the external formwork is advanced simultaneously with the excavation shield. In that case, it consists of an excavation shield and/or an excavation shield with axial compression on the end face of the last section of the lining, bearing against the internal formwork during the advancement of the external formwork, and with a shielding jacket and this It has a device for press-fitting a paste material into the hollow space between the lining and the ground, which is installed inside the shield jacket. The external formwork shall be constructed as follows:
This external formwork is thus constructed in such a way that it transmits the pressures occurring during the production of the section directly to the shield jacket and is lifted from the surface of this section by spreading out for advancement of the excavated shield.

Advantageously, the external formwork can be connected to the shielding jacket. The end formwork can be moved in the excavation direction relative to the external formwork. The end formwork can also be connected to an external formwork.

The end formwork is expediently constructed in such a way that the axial pressure is exerted on the end face of the last produced section of the lining through the end formwork, at least during advancement of the cutting shield. For this purpose, the end formwork can be supported against the drilling shield in the axial direction of action by means of a cylinder-piston unit.

Advantageously, the external formwork consists of a number of laminar formwork elements extending in the direction of excavation and adjoining each other in close contact;
The inner surface of the formwork element opposite the shielding jacket forms a shielding skin. The inner surface can be formed for each formwork plate and is designed to be rigid in bending over a length that is greater than the width of each formwork element and the length of the lining section to be manufactured in each case.

The longitudinal and transverse walls of the formwork elements can be shortened radially,
However, it is advantageous to make it resistant to tension. These walls can be formed at least in part from rubber, plastic deck, or the like, and can be configured in a folding bellows fashion. The formwork elements can thus be subjected to a pressure medium, such as air, water, oil or the like, which surrounds the closed space.

Advantageously, the formwork elements each have a back wall adjoining the inner surface of the shielding jacket. Formwork elements can also be replaced.

A conduit can be provided inside the formwork element for press-fitting material into the hollow space between the earth and the lining. These conduits can also be integrated into formwork elements. Advantageously, the formwork elements with the conduits are arranged at regular intervals around the periphery of the shielding jacket.

The basic idea of this invention is to arrange the external formwork for lining in parallel with the transposable internal formwork and to move the lining in a continuous structure. This presupposes that the end formwork of each production section of the lining can be advanced already before and independently of the displacement of the internal formwork. In this way, an annular hollow space is created which is protected by the shield jacket and is limited by the end face of the last section of soil covering, the external formwork and the end face formwork, into which the hollow part can be accessed from inside the excavation shield. and can be incorporated into built-in members such as reinforcing members, strips or the like. Only after the installation of these fittings is the annular cavity closed by displacing a section of the inner formwork, so that this section of concrete can be poured into the respective cavity.

The control of the excavation shield during advancement is such that the external formwork is lifted radially outwards from the surface of the last made section of the lining, only when it is released from the lining. Instead, a free space is created between the lining and the shield jacket in which the excavation shield can be rotated through a certain degree of angle to allow curvilinear movement.

The propulsion jack is supported against the internal formwork, exerting axial pressure on the last produced section of the lining by the end formwork during the advancement of the excavation shield, and in the hollow space between the lining and the ground. A paste-like material is placed under pressure. In this way, on the one hand, the relevant section is not only held until the hollow space between the ground and the lining is sufficiently filled, but also the capacity loss that occurs when the shield tail is pulled out is immediately absorbed by the paste material. It can be balanced by secondary pressing, so no voids are formed that might trigger settling.

The figure showing one embodiment will be described in detail in Section 4.

The excavation shield 1 shown in a longitudinal cross-sectional view in FIG. 1 is a tunnel,
For excavating shafts or similar objects.

The basic structure of the excavation shield 1 includes a shield jacket 2 having a shield tail portion 3.

An excavation tool 4 for demolition of earth or ground is disposed on the end face of the excavation shield l. The dismantled objects are conveyed out of the dismantling chamber 5, which may be filled with water or a thixotropic fluid, in a manner known per se, for example on a worm conveyor 6.

The excavation shield 1 is supported against an internal formwork 8 of a tunnel lining 9 for being advanced by a propulsion jack 7 . The internal formwork 8 has a single annular section 8a.

8b, 8c, etc., and these sections are replaced as the excavation progresses. These sections are arranged in a tapping pattern. i.e. a single piece 8° and a wedge stone 8°.

(Figure 2).

An external formwork 10 for each annular portion of the lining 9 is arranged inside the rear wall portion of the shielding jacket 2, and the external formwork consists of a large number of thin plate-like formwork elements 10°. Figures 3 and 4
These formwork elements 10 will be explained in more detail in connection with the figures.
' has a conduit 11 passing through it in the axial direction. These conduits are used for the injection of pasty mixtures. The pasty mixture is introduced into the hollow space between the earth 13 and the lining 9 for the formation of the intermediate layer 12. The formwork element 10' simultaneously forms an annular end formwork for the pasty material in the area of the shield tail 3. The hollow space between the external formwork and the lining 9 is sealed by a shield tail packing 14.

Inside the external formwork 10 there is another annular end formwork 15 for the lining 9, which end formwork is used for the excavation shield 1.
It is movable in the axial direction relative to the external formwork 10 and the excavation shield l by means of a cylinder-piston unit 16 mounted on.

In the working state shown in FIG. 1, the last lining section 9b is produced. The digging shield l has moved forward by one section length. The external formwork 10 is an annular portion 8a of the internal formwork 8.
Together with the end face formwork 15, an annular hollow space 17 is defined, and concrete is poured into the hollow space from a press-in conduit 19 after the reinforcing member 18 is installed.

Formwork elements 10° of the external formwork are shown in Figures 3 and 3.

Figure 4 shows an enlarged part of the cross section of Figure 2.1. The details are shown below. The formwork element 10' consists of a flat hollow body which laterally conforms to the curvature of the shielding jacket 2, which hollow body is connected to the inner formwork plate 19. Lateral back wall 20. Vertical wall 211 has an end wall that is not visible in the drawing. The vertical wall 21 is made of a bending-flexible material, such as rubber, plastic deck or the like. The vertical wall is shown in Figure 4 by elastic deformation from the concrete placement position shown in Figure 3.

It can be moved to a radially shortened position.

While the back wall 20 of the formwork element 10° is in contact with the inside of the shielding jacket 2, the formwork plate 19 not only spans the respective width of the formwork element, but also covers a length I7 of a section of 9. It must be made rigid in bending over a longer length (FIG. 6). In the concreted state, the form plate 19 is located at the outer circumferential surface of the end form I5 and at the outer edge 22-1 of the last produced section 8b (FIG. 5). End face 23.2
In No. 4, the form plate 19 is elastically and flexibly connected to the back wall 20 via the spacing frame 25 or directly to the back wall 20 (No. 6).
figure).

As can be seen in particular from FIGS. 2 and 3, the formwork element 10
" are closely adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction, so that the formwork plates 19 are in contact with their longitudinal edges at the joints 26. At least two of these formwork elements.

A conduit 11 is arranged inside the third, through which a paste-like material can be pressed to form the intermediate layer 12 .

The formwork elements 10', which are exchangeably fastened to the shielding jacket 2, form themselves a closed hollow 12. These middle parts can be pressurized by 1 J with a compression medium such as air, water, or oil.

1- Through pressurization by a shrinking medium, the saw shape shown in FIG. 3 can be made.
appears to be elongated. Since the vertical walls 21 must be tensile resistant 11 in the radial direction, a radial spacing between the formwork plate 19 and the back wall 20 must always be maintained. The filling of the inner hollow part of the formwork element 10° by pressure medium is realized by direct bearing of the inner formwork plate 19 on the back wall 20 or on the shield jacket l-2, so that N ]
The forces generated during concreting of sections -, 9 are directly transmitted to the shielding jacket 2.

Due to the bending-flexible and flexible connection of the formwork plate 19 and the back wall 20 on the longitudinal and transverse sides, the formwork remains stable during suction of a portion of the pressure medium from the hollow part of the formwork element 10°. The radial thickness of the element can be reduced (FIG. 4). In that case, the vertical wall 21 is deformed into a substantially folded bellows type. In the region of the end faces 23 and 24, a pivoting connection predominates, in which case it is possible for the form plate 19 to come into contact with the border of the conduit 11 or with the corresponding spacing. In this way, the lining 9
Formwork plates 19 forming the formwork envelope for each section can be raised with hardened concrete in the radial direction. This is similar to the case of concrete structures where the furniture is freely accessible.

The working mode and the operation of the apparatus according to the method of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 5 to 8, which show successive working steps in slightly abbreviated and embossed form.

FIG. 5 shows the stage of operation in which section 9b of the lining has finally been produced. The excavation shield 1 with the shield jacket 2, the formwork elements 10' and the end formwork 15 is in a position where an annular space 17 is formed. This space 17 can accommodate a built-in member, such as a reinforcing member 1B (FIG. 6).

The formwork element 10' is in a moved state at this stage. That is, the form plate N9 lies on the one hand on the last produced section 9b at 22 and on the other hand on the annular end formwork 15. , l-
It is in. The hollow space surrounded by the formwork element IO' is filled with a pressure medium, and the pressure medium directly transmits the pressure of the concrete 1/mixture packed in the hollow space I7 to the shield jacket 2.

FIG. 6 shows the state in which the hollow space 17 is closed off by the annular section 8a of the inner formwork. The annular section contacts the inner peripheral surface 27 of the end formwork 15. A piston rod 7a of a propulsion jack 7 is stretched against the end face of the internal formwork 8, and a cylinder 7b of the propulsion jack is supported by the excavation shield 1.

In order to prepare for advancing the tunneling shield I after hardening of the section 9a, the pressure medium is first removed from the hollow space of the formwork element 10'. This generates a negative pressure, and the form board 19 is lifted from the surface of the lining 9 under the action of the f1 pressure. This position is shown in FIG.

Advancement of the excavation shield 1 begins by supporting the propulsion jack 7 against the inner formwork 8 and simultaneously press-fitting paste material from the conduit 11 to form the intermediate layer 12.

After pressing in the pasty material from conduit 11, the drilling shield is further advanced in the direction of arrow 28 until it reaches the position of section 9b shown in FIG. 5 with respect to section 9a. In this position there is an internal form plate of form element 10° (9 still rests on the section 9a which was produced last). In this case, the shield tail sealing part 14 seals the hollow space between the external formwork 10 and the outer surface of the lining 9, so that the paste material can be press-fitted into the hollow space under pressure. During this time the propulsion jack 7 is supported against the internal formwork 8. Axial pressure is applied via the end formwork 15 by the end formwork jacks 16 to the last produced section 9a of the lining until the entire outer hollow space is filled with pasty material up to the ground 13. Hold 9a there. Individual category 9 a
, 9b, 9c... can be provided with tooth patterns as shown in FIGS. 5 to 8 in order to allow them to slide slightly into the annular joint.

The end face formwork 15 is also advanced by the rear end face formwork jack 16 which advances the excavation shield l by one section length, and formwork element 1
The form plate 19 at 0° is again divided into sections 9a by applying pressure with a pressure medium.
The outer front edge and the end formwork 15 are also advanced, and the formwork elements 10
'' is brought into contact with the outer front edge of the section 9a and the outer circumferential surface 29 of the end face formwork 15 again by applying pressure with a pressure medium,
As a result, the position shown in FIG. 5 is reached again, and the next step can be carried out.

It is important for the invention that during the advancement of the excavation shield 1 the formwork elements 10'' enter, so that the end formwork 15
Alternatively, a free space is created between the lining 9 and the external formwork or shielding jacket 2, allowing the excavation shield 1 to be rotated through an angle when advancing relative to the already completed part of the lining 9 ( (Figure 8). This allows the tunneling shield to travel in a curved manner.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 is a slightly simplified longitudinal sectional view of an excavation shield with a device for carrying out the method according to the invention; FIG. 2 is a cross sectional view along the line I r-11 of FIG. 1; 2 is an enlarged dimensional view of the location shown in FIG. 2 together with the formwork elements forming the external formwork in the state of concrete pouring; FIG. 4 shows the portion corresponding to FIG. 3 during advancement of the excavation shield; FIGS. 5 to 8 show successive working steps in partial longitudinal section through the knoll tail. Code 8a in the figure: one section of the internal formwork, 9: lining, 9b...
- Structural part, 10'... Formwork element, 15... End face formwork, 17... Medium space, 18... Reinforcement element.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1) In shield excavation, a method for producing a tubular underground hollow, such as a tunnel, a shaft or the like, with a lining to absorb earth pressure, in which paste-like material is removed during excavation. A method in which the material is placed in the hollow space between the earth and the lining, in which the lining (9) is divided into successive structural sections (9a, b, c...) and a material hardened on site, such as concrete, is added. The paste-like material is produced by placing the paste-like material into the hollow space between the inner formwork (8) and the outer formwork (10), the end faces of which are limited by the end face formwork (15) that can advance in the direction of excavation. During the advancement of the excavation shield (1) and the external formwork (10), which occurred after the hardening of the material of the last produced section, the end formwork (15) is inserted before the dislocation of the internal formwork (8). The lining (
9) A method characterized in that the last produced section is lifted from the outer surface. 2) A method according to claim 1), characterized in that the external formwork (10) is advanced together with the excavation shield (1). 3) Excavation shield (1) and/or external formwork (10)
According to claim 1) or 2), the lining (9) is supported against the internal formwork (8) during its advancement and exerts an axial compressive force on the end face of the last produced section of the lining (9). the method of. 4) Equipment for producing tubular underground hollows, such as tunnels, shafts or the like, consisting of a digging shield with a digging jack, a shielding jacket and a shielding jacket installed inside the shielding jacket. , a device for press-fitting a paste-like material into the hollow space between the lining and the ground, in which the material is placed inside the shield jacket (2) in juxtaposition to the internal formwork (8) following excavation. External formwork (10) for each section of lining (9) along
and an annular end formwork (15), the internal formwork (8) supports an excavation jack (7), and the external formwork (10) is configured as follows. , that is, this external formwork is constructed in such a way that it transmits the pressures generated during the production of said section directly to the shield jacket (2) and is lifted from the surface of this section by expansion for the advancement of the excavation shield (1). A device characterized by: 5) Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the external formwork (10) can be connected to the shielding jacket (2). 6) The device according to claim 5, wherein the end formwork (15) is movable in the forward direction relative to the external formwork (10). 7) Device according to claim 4, in which the end formwork (15) is connectable with an external formwork (10). 8) Applying the end formwork (15) through this end formwork at least during the advancement of the excavation shield (1) to the end face of the last produced section of the lining. The device according to any one of claims 4) to 7), configured to exert 9) Excavation of the end formwork (15) by a cylinder-piston unit with an axial direction of action of the shield (1)
The device according to claim 8), which is supported on. 10) The external formwork (10) is replaced by a large number of thin film-like formwork elements (10) extending in the excavation direction and arranged in close contact with each other.
Device according to any one of claims 4) to 9), characterized in that it consists of a molding plate (2) whose internal face facing away from the shielding jacket (2) forms a formwork surface. 11) Each template (19) is formed with the inner surface of the formwork element (10'), the template being adapted to the width of the respective formwork element (10') and the length of each lining section to be manufactured. Claim 1: The invention is constructed to be rigid in bending over a longer length.
0). 12) Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the longitudinal and transverse walls of the formwork element (10') are of radially retractable and tensile strength construction. 13) The device according to claim 12), wherein the longitudinal and transverse walls are at least partially constructed of elastic material such as rubber, plastic or the like. 14) The device according to claim 12) or 13), wherein the vertical wall and the horizontal wall are configured in a folding bellows type. 15) According to any one of claims 10) to 14), wherein the formwork element (10') surrounds a closed hollow and is pressurized by a pressure medium, such as air, water, oil or the like. The device described. 16) Apparatus according to any one of claims 11) to 15), wherein the formwork elements (10') each have a back wall (20) adjoining the inner side of the shielding jacket (2). 17) Apparatus according to any one of claims 10) to 16), wherein the formwork element (10') is replaceable. 18) Place the material inside the formwork element (10') (13)
and the lining (9).
) The device according to any one of claims 10) to 17). 19) Device according to claim 18, characterized in that the conduit (11) is integrated into the formwork element (10'). 20) According to claim 18) or 19), the formwork elements (10') with conduits (11) are arranged at regular intervals around the periphery of the shielding jacket (2). Device.