JP4829593B2 - Shield machine and shield method using the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention is a shield machine capable of digging a natural ground while assembling a segment to be a primary lining and placing concrete to be a secondary lining on the outside of the segment, and a shield method using the shield machine About.

  The lining structure adopted in the shield method for building roads, railroads, water supply and sewerage, common ditches, etc. in the basement is a structure in which secondary lining is performed inside the segment after the primary lining mainly by the segment (conventional) Structure 1), structure in which the secondary lining is omitted and the lining body is constructed only by the segment (conventional structure 2), and only the primary lining with cast-in-place concrete in the cast-in-place lining method (ECL method) (conventional structure) 3) and so on.

  The conventional structure 1 alternately repeats excavation and segment assembly, and at the same time as excavation, a gap between the lining body and the ground is filled with a back-filling material such as mortar to construct a primary lining body with segments. Later, in a subsequent process, a secondary lining body is formed by placing concrete inside the primary lining body by the segment, and the conventional structure 2 assembles the secondary lining omission type segment simultaneously with the excavation. At the same time as the excavation, the gap between the lining body and the ground is filled with a back-filling injection material such as mortar. Further, in the conventional structure 3, concrete is cast at the shield tail portion instead of the segment, and the fresh concrete is pressed simultaneously with the excavation of the shield to construct a concrete lining body in close contact with the natural ground.

  In recent years, besides these lining structures, several structures have been proposed in which a secondary lining body is constructed by placing concrete on the outside of the primary lining body made of segments. For example, in Patent Document 1 below, as shown in FIG. 11A, a tunnel structure 50 that is formed in an arch shape or a cylindrical shape and forms an internal space against the earth pressure of a natural ground, and the tunnel structure 11 is a large-section tunnel including a tunnel space 51 formed inside the body 50. As shown in FIG. 11B, the tunnel structures 50 are formed in the longitudinal direction of the tunnel to be constructed and are adjacent to each other. A part of the covering body of the two shield tunnels 52, 52, which are constituted by a large number of shield tunnels 52, 52, and are formed adjacent to each other is cut, and here the covering body of the other shield tunnels 53, 53,. , 53, 53..., 53..., 53..., 53. As shown in FIG. 12, a segment 55 assembled as the shield machine 54 is dug is used as a primary lining body, and along with the dug, a backfill hardening filler (mortar or concrete) 56 is placed outside the segment 55. A secondary lining body is constructed.

Further, in Patent Documents 2 and 3 below, a tunnel lining method is proposed in which a metal lining body is used and the metal lining body is assembled along with shield excavation, and the inside and the back space portion are filled with concrete after assembling. Has been.
Japanese Patent No. 2849605 JP-A-5-156896 JP-A-6-10597

  However, the shield machine described in the above-mentioned patent document 1 uses a very large tail void as a shield machine 10 in the right column, pages 1 to 7 on page 3 of the publication. The diameter is smaller than the inner diameter of the excavation hole 8. Regarding the portion where the cylindrical structure 6 is formed, the gap on the back side, that is, between the cylindrical structure 6 and the excavation hole 8, is described above. As shown in FIG. 12 and referring to FIG. 12, the tail of the shield machine is reduced in diameter as a double tube, and the tail void is placed. Is set to a large value. Therefore, the filling operation of the backfill curing filler must be a method of sequentially filling the gap machine in accordance with the progress of the shield machine. Problems such as restrictions on the curing time occur, and there is a problem that the work cannot be performed efficiently.

  On the other hand, in the case of the lining method described in Patent Documents 2 and 3, since the metal lining body is also used as the mold on the inner surface side, the series of operations are the excavation of the shield machine and the assembly of the metal lining body. However, there was a problem that the work of injecting the back concrete had to be performed according to the procedure, and the work could not be performed efficiently.

  Therefore, the main problem of the present invention is to dig a natural ground while assembling the segment to be the primary lining, and in the shield machine to sequentially place the concrete to be the secondary lining on the outside of the segment, A shield machine and a shield method using the shield machine that can perform concrete placing work as a secondary lining in parallel with these work without being restricted by the shield machine excavation work and segment assembly work It is to provide.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, as the present invention according to claim 1, assembling a segment to be a primary lining and excavating a natural ground while placing concrete to be a secondary lining on the outside of the segment A shield machine that made possible
The shield machine has a cutter head on the front, a skin plate surrounding the periphery, a shield jack provided in the skin plate, a shield machine body including a set of excavation equipment including an erector, and a rear part of the skin plate It consists of an inner cylinder for constructing a lining body arranged inside the side,
The inner cylinder for constructing the lining body is disposed on the inner side of the outer peripheral side plate disposed between the inner surface of the skin plate via a sealing material, and substantially concentrically with the outer peripheral side plate, An inner peripheral plate having a tail seal on the rear side and in which the segments are assembled in the inner space; and the outer peripheral plate and the inner peripheral plate on the rear end side of the outer peripheral plate and the inner peripheral plate; A wall surface that seals the annular space portion formed by, and is connected to the shield machine main body so as to be slidable in the shield machine axial direction by an extension jack , There is provided a shield machine characterized in that it has a mortar-shaped inclined surface inclined toward the face from the rear end of the inner peripheral plate to the rear end of the outer peripheral plate .

  In the first aspect of the present invention, the shield machine body for performing the excavation work and the segment assembling work for the primary lining, and the lining body construction for performing the concrete placing work for the secondary lining. Since the inner cylinder is connected to the shield machine axis direction by an extension jack so that it can slide control, as described later, it is performed in parallel with these work without being restricted by the shield machine excavation work and the segment assembly work. This makes it possible to perform secondary lining concrete placement work.

  In addition, due to restrictions on shield machine excavation work and segment assembly work, when the work time zone of secondary lining concrete is restricted, clogging with concrete in the concrete placement port or piping becomes a problem, In the case of the present invention, since the secondary lining concrete can be cast without being restricted by others, such a problem can be solved.

  Furthermore, when the concrete is blocked by the concrete placement port, the water leakage from the natural ground is blocked by the secondary lining concrete by putting the inner cylinder for lining body construction inside the last part of the skin plate, It is possible to clean or replace the concrete placement port.

In the present invention , the end wall surface is a mortar-shaped inclined surface inclined toward the face from the rear end of the inner peripheral plate to the rear end of the outer peripheral plate . Therefore, when demolding the end wall from the secondary lining concrete, it can be demolded well by the force in the shear direction, and when compressive force is applied to the placed secondary concrete, Since it is compressed, the secondary lining concrete can be brought into close contact with the ground.

  As a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the shield machine according to claim 1, further comprising a concrete placement port for placing concrete as the secondary lining on the end wall surface of the inner cylinder for constructing the lining body. Provided.

  The present invention according to claim 2 is provided with a concrete placement port for placing concrete to be the secondary lining on the end wall surface of the inner cylinder for constructing the lining body. Although it is possible to provide the secondary lining concrete placement port with respect to the segment, it is preferable to provide it on the end wall surface of the inner cylinder for lining body construction. The arrangement position is preferably about one or two on the upper side.

  As this invention which concerns on Claim 3, the vibration body for compacting the concrete cast | placed from the said concrete placement opening is provided in the circumferential direction at an appropriate space | interval in the end wall surface of the said inner cylinder for said lining body construction | assembly. Item 2. A shield machine according to any one of Items 1 and 2 is provided.

  The present invention described in claim 3 is provided with vibrating bodies for compacting the concrete placed from the concrete placement opening at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction on the end wall surface of the inner cylinder for constructing the lining body. It is what you want to do. In order to eliminate defects such as cavities and jumpers in the secondary lining concrete, to ensure close contact with the ground, and to improve the quality of the concrete, a vibrator (vibrator) is attached to the above-mentioned formwork and filled. It is desirable to compact the finished concrete. In addition, when using highly fluid concrete as secondary lining concrete, the said vibrating body can be abbreviate | omitted.

As the present invention according to claim 4 , the shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is used to assemble a segment to be a primary lining and a concrete lining to be a secondary lining outside the segment. It is a shield construction method that digs a natural mountain while performing placement,
While constructing the primary lining body by alternately repeating the assembly work of the segment performed in the inner peripheral side plate of the inner cylinder for lining body construction and the excavation work by the shield jack installed in the shield machine body, By controlling the position and the amount of movement of the inner cylinder for constructing the lining body by means of the telescopic jack, it is possible to perform secondary covering in parallel with these operations without being restricted by the assembly work of the segments and the excavation work of the shield machine. Provided is a shield construction method characterized by performing construction work for construction concrete.

In the present invention described in claim 4, while the assembly work of the segments can be performed in the inner peripheral side plate of the inner cylinder for constructing the covering body, the inner cylinder for constructing the covering body is a shield machine main body. In contrast, the expansion and contraction jacks are connected to the shield machine so that they can slide in the axial direction of the shield machine. The inner cylinder for body construction can be controlled to a desired position, and the movement of the inner cylinder for lining body can be controlled according to the placement amount and the placement speed when placing concrete. Without being restricted by the assembly work and the shield machine excavation work, it is possible to perform the concrete laying work for the secondary lining in parallel with these work.

  As described above in detail, according to the present invention, a shield machine that excavates a natural ground while assembling a segment serving as a primary lining and sequentially placing concrete serving as a secondary lining on the outside of the segment. In this case, it is possible to perform concrete placing work as a secondary lining in parallel with these work without being restricted by the shield machine excavation work and the segment assembly work.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an assembly procedure diagram of a shield machine 1 according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the shield machine 1.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the shield machine 1 is a single-round shield machine that includes a shield machine body 2 and an inner cylinder 3 for constructing a covering body. The shield machine main body 2 includes a cutter head 5 on the front surface, a skin plate 4 surrounding the periphery, and a set of excavation equipment including a shield jack and an erector provided in the skin plate 4.

  The inner cylinder 3 for constructing the lining body is arranged on the inner side of the outer peripheral side plate 6 disposed between the inner surface of the skin plate 4 via the sealing material 10 and the outer peripheral side plate 6 substantially concentrically. The rear plate is provided with a tail seal 12 on the rear side, and the inner peripheral plate 7 in which the segments are assembled in the inner space, and the outer peripheral plate 6 and the rear end side of the inner peripheral plate 7, A wife wall surface 8 that seals an annular space formed by the outer peripheral side plate 6 and the inner peripheral side plate 7, and a telescopic jack 9 with respect to the shield machine body 2 inside the rear side of the skin plate 4. It is connected so that slide control is possible in the shield machine axis direction. In addition to the sealing material 10, rollers 11, 11... Are disposed between the outer surface of the outer peripheral side plate 6 and the inner surface of the skin plate 4, so that the inner cylinder 3 for constructing the lining body can slide smoothly. It is like that.

  Hereinafter, the shield machine main body 2 and the inner cylinder 3 for constructing the lining body will be specifically described in detail.

  First, as shown in FIG. 2, the shield machine main body 2 excavates a circular section by rotating a circular cutter head 5 supported by a rotation center shaft 13 provided on the front surface. . The muddy water is introduced into the cutter chamber by a mud feed pipe 15A, and is discharged to the outside along with excavated earth and sand by a mud pipe 15B provided at the lower part of the bulkhead 14. The assembly of the segment 20 accompanying excavation is performed by the erector 16 in the inner space of the inner peripheral side plate 7 of the inner cylinder 3 for constructing the lining body, and when the assembly of the segment 20 is finished, the shield jacks 19, 19. The shield machine 1 is dug for one cycle (one segment width). The gap between the assembled segment 20 and the inner peripheral side plate 7 is designed to prevent water stoppage and inflow of ground soil and sand by tail seals 12, 12.

  On the other hand, in the inner cylinder 3 for lining body construction, as shown in FIG. 2, the end wall surface 8 of the inner cylinder 3 for lining body construction is formed from the rear end of the inner circumference side plate 7 to the outer circumference side plate. 6 is a mortar-shaped inclined surface inclined toward the face side toward the rear end. By making the end wall 8 a mortar-shaped inclined surface inclined toward the face from the rear end of the inner peripheral plate 7 to the rear end of the outer peripheral plate 6, the telescopic jack 9 is contracted and the end wall 8 When demolding from the secondary lining concrete, it can be separated from the secondary lining concrete 21 by the force in the shearing direction, and can be satisfactorily demolded, and when compressive force is applied to the placed secondary concrete, Since it compresses in the direction which spreads to the natural ground side, the secondary lining concrete 21 can come into close contact with the natural ground reliably.

  In addition, a concrete placement port 17 for placing the secondary lining concrete 21 is provided at the upper portion of the end wall surface 8, and vibrators 18, 18,... Are provided to compact the placed concrete. They are provided at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction.

  Next, based on FIGS. 3-7, the excavation method of the shield machine 1 which concerns on this invention is explained in full detail.

<First embodiment>
From the state shown in FIG. 3, the reaction force of the shield jacks 19, 19... Arranged inside the shield machine body 2 is applied to the end face of the installed segment 20, and the shield machine 1 is taken for one cycle (one segment). Just try to dig up.

  At this time, in order to wait for the set-up secondary lining concrete 21 to harden, the lining body construction inner cylinder 3 extends the expansion jack 9 according to the extension amount of the shield jacks 19, 19. The inner cylinder 3 is held so as not to move. As shown in FIG. 4, when the shield machine 1 finishes digging for one segment, the shield jacks 19 and 19 are contracted to secure a segment installation space.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 5, while the segments 20 are assembled by the erector 16 in the inner space of the inner peripheral side plate 7, the inner cylinder 3 for constructing the covering body 3 is gradually attached to the extension jacks 9, 9. The secondary lining concrete 21 is filled into the clearance C portion generated on the back surface of the inner cylinder 3 for constructing the lining body, while being moved to the face side by being contracted. Here, the amount of movement of the inner cylinder 3 for constructing the lining body is assumed to be the same as one digging length (one segment) of the shield machine.

  The placement work of the secondary lining concrete 21 is performed from the concrete placement opening 17 provided at the upper part of the end wall 8. When the concrete placement into the clearance C is completed, as shown in FIG. 6, the inner cylinder 3 for constructing the lining body is pressed backward by the extension jacks 9, and compressed into the secondary lining concrete 21. A force is applied, and vibration is applied by vibrating bodies 18 arranged at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction of the wife wall surface 8. By this compressive force and vibration, the placed concrete 21 can be in close contact with the surrounding natural ground and segments, and a strong secondary lining body can be formed and the gap with the natural ground can be suppressed. Therefore, it becomes possible to construct a lining body excellent in water-stopping property.

  When the assembly of the segment 20 is completed and the placement of the secondary lining concrete 21 is completed, the excavation work of the next cycle is performed.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the tunnel constructed by the main excavation work has a cross-sectional shape in which a thick concrete 21 is secondary-covered around the primary-covered segment 20. The primary lining segment 20 and the secondary lining concrete 21 can ensure sufficient strength as a lining body. Also, compared to conventional tunnels constructed by placing concrete that will be the secondary lining body inside the segment that will be the primary lining body, the amount of use of the segment can be greatly reduced. Therefore, a tunnel can be constructed at a low cost.

<Second embodiment>
Next, the tunnel construction method according to the second aspect will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

  From the state shown in FIG. 3, the reaction force of the shield jacks 19, 19... Arranged inside the shield machine body 2 is applied to the end face of the installed segment 20, and the shield machine 1 is taken for one cycle (one segment). Just try to dig up. At this time, as shown in FIG. 8, the lining body construction inner cylinder 3 is also gradually moved, and the secondary lining concrete 21 is formed in the clearance C portion generated on the back surface of the lining body construction inner cylinder 3. Fill. The movement amount of the inner cylinder 3 for constructing the lining body is set to one-multiple of the movement amount of the shield machine 1 and to 1/2 in the illustrated example.

  When the shield machine 1 completes the excavation for one cycle, as shown in FIG. 9, if the shield jacks 19 and 19 are contracted to secure the segment installation space, the inner space of the inner peripheral side plate 7 is secured. The segment 20 is assembled by the erector 16 inside. At the same time, the remaining secondary lining concrete 21 is placed in parallel with the segment assembling work. The secondary lining concrete is placed on the back of the lining body construction inner cylinder 3 while moving the lining body construction inner cylinder 3 toward the face by gradually contracting the telescopic jacks 9, 9. The resulting clearance C portion is filled with the secondary lining concrete 21. The amount of movement of the inner cylinder 3 for constructing the lining body at this time is half of one digging length (segment width) of the shield machine.

  Thereafter, as shown in FIG. 10, when the assembly of the segment 20 is completed and the placement of the secondary lining concrete 21 is completed, the excavation work of the next cycle is performed.

  As mentioned above, although the shield excavation procedure according to the first aspect and the second aspect has been described, these are comprehensive descriptions of the excavation time by the shield machine 1, the assembly work time of the segment 20, the placement time of the secondary lining concrete 21, and the like. Therefore, the work procedure may be determined so that the work can be performed in the optimum time.

[Other examples]
(1) In the above embodiment, the vibratory bodies 18, 18... Are provided on the end wall 8 in order to compact the secondary lining concrete 21, but the inner cylinder 3 for constructing the lining body is provided with a hydraulic servo. It can also be vibrated by a mechanism. That is, you may make it give vibration to the secondary lining concrete 21 by vibrating the expansion-contraction jacks (hydraulic pressure) 9,9 ... connected with the said inner cylinder 3 for lining body construction with a hydraulic servo mechanism.
(2) The shield machine and the shield method can be suitably used to construct each tunnel structure 50 that is constructed by superposing each other when constructing a large-section tunnel described in Patent Document 1 above. .
(3) In this shield machine and shield construction method, a tunnel with a double lining structure is constructed in which a secondary lining concrete 21 is placed outside the segment 20 that is the primary lining. It is also possible to construct a tunnel only for primary lining by concrete by removing the segments (or formwork) to be sequentially removed from the hardened secondary lining body side and diverted to the front side.
(4) In the above embodiment, the end wall 8 of the inner cylinder 3 for constructing the lining body is a mortar-shaped inclined surface inclined toward the face side from the rear end of the inner peripheral plate 7 to the rear end of the outer peripheral plate 6. However, it can also be a vertical plane.

It is an assembly point figure of the shield machine 1 concerning the present invention. It is a longitudinal section of shield machine 1 concerning the present invention. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the excavation work procedure (the 1) of the shield machine 1 which concerns on a 1st aspect. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the excavation work procedure (the 2) of the shield machine 1 which concerns on a 1st aspect. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the excavation work procedure (the 3) of the shield machine 1 which concerns on a 1st aspect. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the excavation work procedure (the 4) of the shield machine 1 which concerns on a 1st aspect. It is a cross-sectional view which shows the tunnel cross section of the constructed double lining structure. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the excavation work procedure (the 1) of the shield machine 1 which concerns on a 2nd aspect. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the excavation work procedure (the 2) of the shield machine 1 which concerns on a 2nd aspect. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the excavation work procedure (the 3) of the shield machine 1 which concerns on a 2nd aspect. The large cross section tunnel shown by patent document 1 is shown, (A) is sectional drawing, (B) is a principal part cross-sectional view which shows the construction point of the tunnel structure 50. FIG. It is a shield machine longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the construction point of the shield tunnels 52 and 53 shown by patent document 1. FIG.

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Shield machine, 2 ... Shield machine main body, 3 ... Inner cylinder for lining body construction, 4 ... Skin plate, 5 ... Cutter head, 6 ... Outer side plate, 7 ... Inner side plate, 8 ... Wife wall surface, 9 Extensible jack, 10 ... Sealing material, 11 ... Roller, 12 ... Tail seal, 16 ... Elector, 17 ... Concrete placement port, 18 ... Vibrating body, 19 ... Shield jack

Claims (4)

A shield machine that assembles a segment to be a primary lining and can dig a natural ground while placing concrete to be a secondary lining on the outside of the segment,
The shield machine has a cutter head on the front, a skin plate surrounding the periphery, a shield jack provided in the skin plate, a shield machine body including a set of excavation equipment including an erector, and a rear part of the skin plate It consists of an inner cylinder for constructing a lining body arranged inside the side,
The inner cylinder for constructing the lining body is disposed on the inner side of the outer peripheral side plate disposed between the inner surface of the skin plate via a sealing material, and substantially concentrically with the outer peripheral side plate, An inner peripheral plate having a tail seal on the rear side and in which the segments are assembled in the inner space; and the outer peripheral plate and the inner peripheral plate on the rear end side of the outer peripheral plate and the inner peripheral plate; A wall surface that seals the annular space portion formed by, and is connected to the shield machine main body so as to be slidable in the shield machine axial direction by an extension jack , A shield machine characterized in that it has a mortar-shaped inclined surface inclined toward the face from the rear end of the inner peripheral plate to the rear end of the outer peripheral plate .   The shield machine according to claim 1, further comprising a concrete placement port for placing concrete to be the secondary lining on the end wall surface of the inner cylinder for constructing the lining body.   3. The vibrator according to claim 1, comprising vibration bodies for compacting the concrete cast from the concrete placement port at an appropriate interval on the end wall surface of the inner cylinder for constructing the lining body. Shield machine. The shield machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3 is used to assemble a segment serving as a primary lining and excavating a natural ground while placing concrete serving as a secondary lining outside the segment. A shield construction method,
While constructing the primary lining body by alternately repeating the assembly work of the segment performed in the inner peripheral side plate of the inner cylinder for lining body construction and the excavation work by the shield jack installed in the shield machine body, By controlling the position and the amount of movement of the inner cylinder for constructing the lining body by means of the telescopic jack, it is possible to perform secondary covering in parallel with these operations without being restricted by the assembly work of the segments and the excavation work of the shield machine. A shield construction method characterized by performing concrete placement work.

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