JPS61268006A - Anisotropic magnet - Google Patents
Anisotropic magnetInfo
- Publication number
- JPS61268006A JPS61268006A JP60111036A JP11103685A JPS61268006A JP S61268006 A JPS61268006 A JP S61268006A JP 60111036 A JP60111036 A JP 60111036A JP 11103685 A JP11103685 A JP 11103685A JP S61268006 A JPS61268006 A JP S61268006A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- magnet
- mum
- alloy
- atmosphere
- insert gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
- H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
- H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
- H01F1/0577—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together sintered
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
（産業上の利用分野）
本発明は、希土類、鉄および硼素を基本成分とする高磁
束密度の異方性磁石に関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a high magnetic flux density anisotropic magnet containing rare earth elements, iron and boron as basic components.
（従来の技術）
この種の従来の異方性磁石のうち、実用性のあるものと
して、特開昭５９−４６００８号公報に記載のように、
Ｎｄ等の希土類、ＦｅおよびＢ等の合金を粉砕し、磁界
中で加圧成形し、結晶軸を一軸に揃えた成形体を得、こ
れを焼結することにより製作されたものが紹介されてい
る。(Prior Art) Among the conventional anisotropic magnets of this type, one that is practical is as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-open No. 59-46008.
Introducing products manufactured by crushing rare earth elements such as Nd, alloys such as Fe and B, press-forming them in a magnetic field, obtaining a compact with crystal axes uniaxially aligned, and sintering this. There is.
（発明が解決しようとする問題点）
前記従来の異方性磁石は、材料粉末のサイズが小さすぎ
る場合には、希土類元素が酸化する度合が高くなるので
、特性が落ちるという問題点がある。(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) The conventional anisotropic magnet has a problem in that when the size of the material powder is too small, the degree of oxidation of the rare earth element increases, resulting in a decrease in characteristics.
（問題点を解決するための手段）
本発明の異方性磁石は、希土類、鉄および硼素を基本成
分とする合金磁石であって、温間塑性加工により磁気異
方性を持たせたものである。すなわち、この種の磁石は
、結晶軸であるＡ軸に比較してＣ軸が３倍程度長いため
、本発明は、温間塑性加工によってＣ軸方向に結晶軸が
配向するように加工したものである。(Means for Solving the Problems) The anisotropic magnet of the present invention is an alloy magnet whose basic components are rare earth, iron, and boron, and is made to have magnetic anisotropy through warm plastic working. be. That is, in this type of magnet, the C axis is about three times longer than the A axis, which is the crystal axis, so the present invention is a magnet processed by warm plastic working so that the crystal axis is oriented in the C axis direction. It is.
本発明による磁石は、重量％（以下単に％と称す）とし
て、希土類（Ｒ）を１８〜６３％、Ｂを０．２〜６％、
残部をＦｅとする。希土類元素は、Ｓｃ、Ｙ、Ｌａ、Ｃ
ｅ、Ｐｒ、Ｎｄ、Ｐｍ、Ｓｍ、Ｅｕ、Ｇｄ、Ｔｂ、Ｄｙ
、Ｈｏ、Ｅｒ。The magnet according to the present invention contains 18 to 63% of rare earth (R) and 0.2 to 6% of B, as weight percent (hereinafter simply referred to as %).
The remainder is Fe. Rare earth elements are Sc, Y, La, C
e, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy
, Ho, Er.
Ｔｍ、Ｙｂ、Ｌｕを含むが、この内特にＮｄ、Ｐｒが好
ましく、またこれらの希土類金属は、一種のみならず、
二種以上混合して用いる場合もある。また、前記材料以
外に場合によづては、Ｃ。It includes Tm, Yb, and Lu, and among these, Nd and Pr are particularly preferable.
Two or more types may be used in combination. In addition to the above-mentioned materials, depending on the case, C.
を含ませることにより、残留磁束密度Ｂｒ！高めること
もある。また、製造上混入が避けられないその他の元素
、例えばＳ、Ｓｉ、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属、
Ｃｕ、Ｐ等を総量として数％以下含んでもよい。By including the residual magnetic flux density Br! It can also be increased. In addition, other elements that cannot be avoided during manufacturing, such as S, Si, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals,
It may contain several percent or less of Cu, P, etc. based on the total amount.
前記した材料は、純粋の金属である必要はなく、特性を
損なわない程度の不純物を含むものを用いることができ
、Ｂとしては、Ｂ単独のもの以外にフェロポロンを用い
ることができ、フェロポロンを用いれば、その融点がＢ
よりも低いため、材料を溶解させて加工する場合に有利
である。The above-mentioned materials do not need to be pure metals, and those containing impurities to the extent that they do not impair the properties can be used.As B, ferroporon can be used in addition to B alone, and ferroporon can be used as B. If its melting point is B
This is advantageous when processing materials by melting them.
本発明による磁石を製造する場合には、次のような工程
によることが好ましい。When manufacturing the magnet according to the present invention, it is preferable to use the following steps.
（１）原材料となる金属１合金または化合物を、混合し
て高周波溶解炉あるいは電気炉等により加熱して溶解さ
せる。(1) Metal 1 alloys or compounds serving as raw materials are mixed and melted by heating in a high frequency melting furnace or an electric furnace.
（２）次に、例えばアルゴンガス等の不活性ガス雰囲気
で溶融合金を石英製ノズルから冷却ロールに噴出させ、
高速急冷し、厚さ数＋ｐｍ程度のりポンを作成する。(2) Next, the molten alloy is jetted from a quartz nozzle onto a cooling roll in an inert gas atmosphere such as argon gas,
Rapidly quench and create gluepon with a thickness of approximately several pm.
（３）このリボンを不活性ガス雰囲気にてミルにより数
ルｍ〜数＋４ｍ程度の粒径となるように粉砕する。(3) This ribbon is pulverized by a mill in an inert gas atmosphere to a particle size of several meters to several plus four meters.
（４）粉体を不活性ガスまたは真空雰囲気にて電気炉や
高周波等によって７００℃〜１１００℃に焼結する。(4) The powder is sintered at 700°C to 1100°C in an inert gas or vacuum atmosphere using an electric furnace, high frequency, or the like.
（５）焼結体を不活性ガスまたは真空雰囲気にて電気炉
や高周波等によって７５０°Ｃ〜ｌ ＯＯＯ”Ｃに加温
した状態において、塑性加工することにより、Ｃ軸方向
に結晶軸が揃った磁石を得る。(5) The crystal axes are aligned in the C-axis direction by plastic working the sintered body in an inert gas or vacuum atmosphere heated to 750°C to 100°C using an electric furnace or high frequency. Obtain a magnet.
本発明により得られる磁石のうち、ＲをＮｄとし、Ｎｄ
を３１〜３６％、Ｂを０．７〜１．０％、Ｆｅを５７〜
６８％としたものは、残留磁束密度Ｂｒは１４ＫＧ以上
、保磁カルは８ＫＯｅ以上、最大エネルギａ （Ｂ Ｈ
） ｗａｘは４５ Ｍ Ｇ Ｏｅ以上の値となり、従来
の技術の欄で述べた焼結法による場合よりも高い磁気特
性が得られた。Among the magnets obtained by the present invention, R is Nd, and Nd
31-36%, B 0.7-1.0%, Fe 57-36%
For those set to 68%, the residual magnetic flux density Br is 14KG or more, the coercivity Cal is 8KOe or more, and the maximum energy a (B H
) wax reached a value of 45 M G Oe or more, and higher magnetic properties were obtained than when using the sintering method described in the conventional technology section.
（実施例）
Ｎｄ３６％、Ｆｅ６０％、フェロポロン合金（Ｆｅ７６
％、Ｂ１９％、その他不純物）４％の組成の粉末を混合
し、１３００℃に高周波加熱することにより溶解し、ア
ルゴン雰囲気にて周速３０ｎ／秒で回転している銅ロー
ルに石英ノズルから噴出し、厚さ約４０ＪＬｍ程度のリ
ボンを得た。(Example) 36% Nd, 60% Fe, ferroporon alloy (Fe76
%, B (19%, other impurities)) and melted by high-frequency heating to 1300°C, and sprayed from a quartz nozzle onto a copper roll rotating at a circumferential speed of 30 n/s in an argon atmosphere. A ribbon having a thickness of about 40 JLm was obtained.
次にこれをデッドテビルミルにより、１〜２０ｐｍ程度
の粒径に粉砕し、アルゴン雰囲気にて約１０００℃にて
１時間加熱することにより焼結し、第１図に示すような
押出し成形装置１により、アルゴン雰囲気にて、約９０
０℃で１．５〜２ 、０ ｔ ７ｃｍ２の圧力で棒状磁
石合金２を成形した。この成形装置１は、加熱装置３を
装備したコンテナ４にテーパー状をなす押出し穴５を有
し、コンテナ４内に材料６を入れ、ラム７によって材料
６を押出し穴５方向に押出すことにより、テーパー状の
押出し穴５において、粒子が圧力によって結晶軸のＣ軸
（磁化容易軸）方向に揃い、成形される。Next, this was pulverized to a particle size of about 1 to 20 pm using a dead cell mill, sintered by heating at about 1000° C. for 1 hour in an argon atmosphere, and then extruded using an extrusion molding device 1 as shown in FIG. Approximately 90% in an argon atmosphere
Bar-shaped magnet alloy 2 was molded at 0° C. and a pressure of 1.5 to 2,0 7 cm2. This molding device 1 has a container 4 equipped with a heating device 3 and a tapered extrusion hole 5. A material 6 is put into the container 4, and a ram 7 extrudes the material 6 in the direction of the extrusion hole 5. In the tapered extrusion hole 5, the particles are aligned in the C-axis (easy magnetization axis) direction of the crystal axis by pressure and are shaped.
このようにして１０〜２０ｍｍの直径の断面円形または
方形に成形されたものは、残留磁束密度Ｂ。The product thus formed into a circular or rectangular cross section with a diameter of 10 to 20 mm has a residual magnetic flux density B.
が１４．３ＫＧ、保磁カルは８ＫＯｅ、最大エネルギ積
（ＢＨ）ｆｆｉａｘは４６．２ＭＧＯｅであった。was 14.3KG, coercive force was 8KOe, and maximum energy product (BH) ffiax was 46.2MGOe.
このように、本発明は、温間塑性加工によって結晶軸の
Ｃ軸を揃えられるように成形するものであり、結晶軸を
揃える手段としては、前記押出し加工以外に、第２図に
示すように、把み装置８によって成形材２を引出すこと
によっても同様の特性のものを成形することができる。As described above, the present invention is formed by warm plastic working so that the C axes of the crystal axes are aligned, and as a means for aligning the crystal axes, in addition to the extrusion process, as shown in FIG. , a material having similar characteristics can also be molded by drawing out the molding material 2 with the gripping device 8.
また、第３図（Ａ）（Ｂ）に示すようなスエジング加工
を用いることも可能である。すなわち、半円形の溝９゜
１１をそれぞれ有する下型１０、上型１２の溝９．１１
間で材料１３を挟み、材料１３を回わすと共に、上型１
２（または下型１０）を往復させて材料１３をプレスす
ることにより、Ｃ軸を揃えることができる。さらに第４
図（Ａ）（Ｂ）に示すように、２個を１組とする複数組
の成形ローラ１５〜１８を配列し、各ローラ１５〜１８
にはそれぞれ断面半円形（または角形）の成形用溝１５
ａ〜１８ａを形成し、これらの成形用溝１５ａ〜１８ａ
を次第に小さくし、これらのローラ１５〜１８によって
順次材料１３を成形することにより、結晶軸をＣ軸方向
に揃えて成形することができる。It is also possible to use swaging processing as shown in FIGS. 3(A) and 3(B). That is, the grooves 9 and 11 of the lower die 10 and the upper die 12 each have a semicircular groove 9°11.
While rotating the material 13 with the material 13 sandwiched between them, the upper mold 1
2 (or the lower die 10) to press the material 13, the C-axes can be aligned. Furthermore, the fourth
As shown in Figures (A) and (B), multiple sets of forming rollers 15 to 18, each consisting of two sets, are arranged, and each roller 15 to 18 is
Each has a forming groove 15 with a semicircular (or square) cross section.
a to 18a are formed, and these forming grooves 15a to 18a are formed.
By gradually reducing the size of the material 13 and sequentially molding the material 13 using these rollers 15 to 18, it is possible to mold the material 13 with the crystal axes aligned in the C-axis direction.
（発明の効果）
以上述べたように、本発明の異方性磁石は、希土類、鉄
および硼素を基本成分とする合金磁石であり、温間塑性
加工により磁気異方性を持たせたものであって、従来よ
りも磁気特性の優れた磁石を得ることができる。(Effects of the Invention) As described above, the anisotropic magnet of the present invention is an alloy magnet whose basic components are rare earth elements, iron, and boron, and is made to have magnetic anisotropy through warm plastic working. Therefore, it is possible to obtain a magnet with better magnetic properties than conventional ones.
第１図ないし第４図は本発明による温間塑性加工を行な
う加工装置の例をそれぞれ示す図である。FIGS. 1 to 4 are diagrams each showing an example of a processing apparatus for performing warm plastic working according to the present invention.
Claims (1)
って、温間塑性加工により磁気異方性を持たせたことを
特徴とする異方性磁石。An anisotropic magnet that is an alloy magnet whose basic components are rare earth elements, iron, and boron, and is characterized by having magnetic anisotropy through warm plastic working.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60111036A JPS61268006A (en) | 1985-05-23 | 1985-05-23 | Anisotropic magnet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60111036A JPS61268006A (en) | 1985-05-23 | 1985-05-23 | Anisotropic magnet |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPS61268006A true JPS61268006A (en) | 1986-11-27 |
Family
ID=14550773
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP60111036A Pending JPS61268006A (en) | 1985-05-23 | 1985-05-23 | Anisotropic magnet |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS61268006A (en) |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1988006797A1 (en) * | 1987-03-02 | 1988-09-07 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Rare earth element-iron base permanent magnet and process for its production |
| JPH01150307A (en) * | 1987-12-08 | 1989-06-13 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Anisotropic permanent magnet |
| US4960469A (en) * | 1987-11-27 | 1990-10-02 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Method of manufacturing magnetically anisotropic magnet materials and device for same |
| US5076861A (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1991-12-31 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Permanent magnet and method of production |
| US5186761A (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1993-02-16 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Magnetic alloy and method of production |
| US5213631A (en) * | 1987-03-02 | 1993-05-25 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Rare earth-iron system permanent magnet and process for producing the same |
| US5460662A (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1995-10-24 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Permanent magnet and method of production |
| US5538565A (en) * | 1985-08-13 | 1996-07-23 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Rare earth cast alloy permanent magnets and methods of preparation |
| US6136099A (en) * | 1985-08-13 | 2000-10-24 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Rare earth-iron series permanent magnets and method of preparation |
-
1985
- 1985-05-23 JP JP60111036A patent/JPS61268006A/en active Pending
Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5538565A (en) * | 1985-08-13 | 1996-07-23 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Rare earth cast alloy permanent magnets and methods of preparation |
| US6136099A (en) * | 1985-08-13 | 2000-10-24 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Rare earth-iron series permanent magnets and method of preparation |
| US5597425A (en) * | 1985-08-13 | 1997-01-28 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Rare earth cast alloy permanent magnets and methods of preparation |
| US5565043A (en) * | 1985-08-13 | 1996-10-15 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Rare earth cast alloy permanent magnets and methods of preparation |
| US5560784A (en) * | 1985-08-13 | 1996-10-01 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Rare earth cast alloy permanent magnets and methods of preparation |
| US5125988A (en) * | 1987-03-02 | 1992-06-30 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Rare earth-iron system permanent magnet and process for producing the same |
| WO1988006797A1 (en) * | 1987-03-02 | 1988-09-07 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Rare earth element-iron base permanent magnet and process for its production |
| US5213631A (en) * | 1987-03-02 | 1993-05-25 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Rare earth-iron system permanent magnet and process for producing the same |
| US5186761A (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1993-02-16 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Magnetic alloy and method of production |
| US5460662A (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1995-10-24 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Permanent magnet and method of production |
| US5076861A (en) * | 1987-04-30 | 1991-12-31 | Seiko Epson Corporation | Permanent magnet and method of production |
| US5039292A (en) * | 1987-11-27 | 1991-08-13 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Device for manufacturing magnetically anisotropic magnets |
| US4960469A (en) * | 1987-11-27 | 1990-10-02 | Hitachi Metals, Ltd. | Method of manufacturing magnetically anisotropic magnet materials and device for same |
| JPH01150307A (en) * | 1987-12-08 | 1989-06-13 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Anisotropic permanent magnet |
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