JPS61261284A - Composting method for reed - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of Industrial Application The present invention relates to a reed composting method in which reed, which is a wetland plant and is chewy and decomposable as it is, is subjected to aerobic fermentation in a short period of time.

Conventional technology and its problems Reeds are widely distributed in wetlands along riverbanks and estuaries.

An annual plant that reproduces by absorbing nutrients.

Only a part of it is used for Yoshizu and folk crafts, and most of it is left alone.

This reed is aerobically decomposed and used by some gardeners and as fertilizer for grape cultivation, but this conventional composting of reed is used for adjusting the C/N ratio. Then lime nitrogen is added, water is poured on the material, and the material is piled up. For this reason, aerobic fermentation takes a long period of z months or more to ripen, and good compost has not yet been obtained. This is because the reeds themselves lack nutrients for the growth of microorganisms necessary for composting, are not supplied with sufficient oxygen necessary for composting, and are also lacking in microorganisms 1 necessary for composting. I can infer what is happening.

In view of this point, the present invention aims to carry out aerobic fermentation of chewy reeds efficiently in a short period of time.

The solution to the problem is to use reeds that have been dried to a moisture content of 20-2047 as raw material, and add sludge dehydrated cake or accumulated feces to this at a weight ratio of 104.
After adding 1%a% and mixing them, the R of this mixture
Based on the total OD amount, ventilation l/total BOD amount is 1. O~8.
Set the ventilation so that it is 1%/7 min, kg OM.

Forced ventilation is used to perform aerobic fermentation in a short period of time.

The present invention will be explained below based on examples.

Example 1 Reeds collected from a riverbed and cut into lengths of approximately MO-I11 with different drying conditions 1 For example, moisture content 1 g% to 6
The sludge dehydrated cake, which is made from multiple types of up to 45 sludge and dehydrated by adding digested sludge No. and forced ventilation from the bottom of the fermenter, 2
Fermentation was carried out for a week. The results are shown in Table 1.

Table blindness (Note) Ventilation t/BOD total amount is all t, s~8. o4A
It was called ninkgOz.

When fermentation is carried out by adding sludge dewatered cake.

Sterilizing pathogens and parasites through high-temperature fermentation, and 4
It is necessary to promote the decomposition of KIJl+ to improve its handling as compost and to stabilize it.

Generally, it is considered that for sterilization it is necessary to have a maximum temperature of at least gls°C, and for mobile decomposition it is necessary to maintain the temperature at or above gO°C for at least t*ohy (3 days). Therefore, in Table 1, those that satisfy both conditions are marked with ◯, those that satisfy only one are marked with △, and those that do not satisfy both are marked with ×.

According to Table 1, sufficient fermentation was obtained when the moisture content of the raw material reed was in the range of IIo to 80. The moisture content of reed is 110<
In the following cases, it is possible to ferment at a fairly high temperature by increasing the mixing ratio of the sludge dewatering cake, which is an additive, but if the reeds are dried and photographed to a moisture content of io% or less,
Or withered reeds have hard fibers, so
Due to the effects of additives, even when fermented at high temperatures, the fiber content does not break down very much. In addition, when fresh reeds with a moisture content of 60% or more are used as raw materials, the moisture content of the mixture when the dehydrated sludge cake is added is high and the air permeability is poor, so that fermentation is not performed at a very high temperature. However, in this case, if a dehydrated sludge cake that has been dried in advance to reduce the water content is used, it is easy to ferment even reeds with a water content of so% or more.

The degree of dryness of the sludge dewatered cake is small and the moisture content is SO<
The following is preferable.

As for the mixing ratio of the sludge dewatered cake, it can be seen from Table 1 that sufficient fermentation can be obtained by mixing reeds with a moisture content of 20% to 5% by coulometric amount. However, it is preferable to increase the mixing ratio of the sludge dehydrated cake as the moisture content of the reeds is lower than 20, and to decrease the mixing ratio of the sludge dehydrated cake as the moisture content of the reeds approaches 20<.

After inverting and cutting, water content mB, t%H Using the dried reeds as raw materials, the sludge dewatered cake with moisture content ys, 1 (a) was mixed with a fin width of 1-.5001! into a fermentation tank. 2 for six conditions with different aeration pollution from the fermenter waste.
The results of the weekly fermentation are shown in Table 8. In Table 2 above, the total BOD amount 7 is an index showing the amount of organic matter in the mixture added to one fermenter.

It is calculated from the values of input 11, moisture content, and BOD. From Table 2, the appropriate amount of aerated food for warm fermentation is 1
．． It can be seen that o ~ B, s z, min6k202. If the amount of ventilation is too large, the amount of heat taken out by the exhaust air will increase, making it difficult to raise the fermentation temperature. On the other hand, if there is too little ventilation, there will be a lack of oxygen supply, resulting in an anaerobic state.

Since the lower limit of the aeration rate can be related to the oxygen consumption l, it is considered to be a constant value for all 1300 positions in the mixture. However, the t limit value for 1 aeration rate is considered to be related to the thermal insulation of the fermenter, and since a fermenter with a large capacity has better insulation, the upper value of the aeration rate is 1 aeration rate/non. Total amount is 8.1'i l! /lni n 1kg0! It is possible to increase the amount of airflow/BOD by considering the shape and insulation of the fermenter. 6 l! /min, k20sl.

Example 3 After cutting, reeds dried to a moisture content of i4.2'4 were used as raw materials, and in Case 1, a sludge dehydrated cake was added based on the present invention, and the mixture was put into a fermentation tank of LRDG and forced ventilation was performed. On the other hand, in case 12, the material was put into the same 1 d fermenter and fermented without aeration, based on a composting method using lime nitrogen addition manufactured by a horticulture farmer.

The charging conditions for each case are shown in Table 8, and the temperature change over time during 20 days of fermentation is shown in the drawing.

11! (2) From the manufacturing drawings, it can be seen that in Case 1 using the present invention, the temperature rose to 66°C or higher within one day, and then the temperature gradually decreased while continuing high-temperature fermentation, resulting in fermentation in a short period of time.

On the other hand, in case 2, after mixing reed and lime nitrogen, the mixture was lightly compressed while adding 112% of water so that the water content was the same as the mixture in case 1, and the J: part was covered with a breathable cage. but.

There was no sudden increase in temperature, and although the temperature rose gradually after 11 turns, the temperature did not rise even after the goose was set on the day of O.
The change is s 6. It was ts'C.

Comparing the reeds fermented for 20 days, in case 1 the reeds were found to be soft and some had decomposed and crumbled.

Case! Almost no difference was observed compared to before fermentation.

In Examples 1 to S, a dehydrated sludge cake obtained by adding a polymer flocculant to digested sludge from a sewage treatment plant and dewatering it was used as an additive. Sludge is not particularly limited to sludge from sewage treatment plants, and any sludge that is generated during the biological treatment of wastewater may be used. It does not matter whether the food has been digested or not.

Rather, raw sludge is preferable to digested sludge from the viewpoint of additive content. Although the type of dehydrator does not particularly matter, those to which lime is added as a flocculant are not preferred because the pH of the dehydrated cake is high.

On the other hand, the additive used may be one similar to that of the sludge dewatering cake. For example, livestock manure such as chicken manure and cow manure can also be used as an additive to promote reed fermentation, as it has almost the same moisture content as the dehydrated sewage cake and also contains many easily degradable growth materials.

Effects of the Invention According to the present invention, by adding an appropriate amount of additives to reeds as a raw material and setting the aeration rate for relics, reeds, which have not been used much until now, can be composted in a short period of time. It has become possible to effectively use it as an organic fertilizer and soil conditioner.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

The drawing is a graph showing changes in thermal sensation over time according to the reed composting method of the present invention. A quick look at the matter (b) Showa 69/7/π1 Manabu Shiga, Director General of the Patent Office 2, Method of congesting an invention title 3, Relationship with the amended person's case Name of the patent applicant 1] Kiden Kogyo Co., Ltd. 4, Agent, No. 5 Fuji Building New Building, 1-2-8 Nishihonmachi, Nishi-ku, Osaka, Showa Year, Month, Day 6, Number of inventions increased by amendment 7, Subject of amendment and scope of patent attached attached. Correct as follows. 2 Specification page 3 line 1 r30-60%” should be replaced with “15-60%”
60%,” he corrected. On the third line of the Kodo page, replace “20-50%” with “4-60%.”
I am corrected. 4. On the 13th line of the same page, ``19%'' is corrected to ``13%.''0 5. On the 4th page of the same page, [Table IJt is corrected as follows. ) The ventilation amount/BOD total amount is all 15 to 3. Qj/
It was set as mink20s+. & page 5, line 9, r30-ω" is replaced with "15-60J
Correct O 1. On the same page, line 13, delete the word ``considerably.''& In line 16 of the same page, the statement ``Due to the effects of additives, the fiber content does not decompose much even during high-temperature fermentation'' is corrected to ``In order to ensure sufficient fermentation, it is necessary to lengthen the fermentation period.'' 9 On the same page, line 17, correct the phrase ``Mata quickly'' to ``Mata reverse.'' IQ, page 6, line 4, insert "in this case" after "it is possible." 11. On the 8th line of the same page, replace "30-60%" with "15-6
0%” is corrected. 12. On the 9th line of the same page, replace "20-50%" with "20-6
0%” is corrected. Claims In an aerobic fermentation process using reeds as a raw material, 1. 1. Dried reeds with a moisture content of 15 to 60% are mixed with 4 to 60% by weight of sludge dehydrated cake or livestock dung, and 1. B of this mixture.
Based on the total OD amount, the ventilation amount/total BOD amount 1. Q x
A method for composting reeds, characterized in that aerobic fermentation is carried out in a short period of time by performing forced aeration so that the rate is a 5 j/min k20z. (Patent application 1986-100193)

Claims (1)

[Claims] In an aerobic fermentation process using reeds as a raw material, after drying reeds with a moisture content of 20 to 60% and mixing 20 to 50% by weight of sludge dehydrated cake or accumulated feces,
Based on the total BOD amount of this mixture, aerobic fermentation is carried out in a short period of time by performing forced aeration so that the aeration amount/BOD weight is 1.0 to 3.5 l/min K_■O_2. How to compost reeds.