JPS61162471A - Article feeding device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable maintenance of a specified speed, by a method wherein, in an article feeding device employing high frequency vibration, by means of a signal from a vibration system displacement sensor, suction frequency of an electromagnet is synchronized with natural frequency of a vibration system. CONSTITUTION:Sensors S<1> and S<2> is supported below a base bed 2 supporting a spering steel material K between an electromagnet M and a receiving and feeding disc 1 and to a base 40 supporting the base bed 2 through a screw rod 41 and a bracket 42. The sensor S<1>, if the electromagnet M is magnetically erased, the spring steel material K repelled by its spring force to provide a timing at which an exciting instruction is outputted to the electromagnet M again. The sensor S<2> prevents amplitude of the string steel material K, i.e., amplitude of a receiving and feeding disc 1 from being increased to high than a set value. A pulse width controller 42 controls through a triac 45 by means of signals therefrom so that suction frequency of the electromagnet M is synchronized with natural frequency of a vibration system. This enables mainenance of a specified feeding sped even against a fluctuation in the weight of an article.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] [Industrial application field] The present invention relates to an article delivery device using high frequency vibration.

[Conventional technology]

2. Description of the Related Art Devices that use high-frequency vibrations to align and deliver articles are known. Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 51-49401 discloses a bobbin delivery device.

That is, as shown in FIGS. 15 to 17, the receiving board (1)
The spring steel material (3) is inclined at multiple locations between the base and the base (2), and both ends are fixed (26x26) to the member (1) (21), and the electromagnetic magnet installed on the base can be turned on and off. The receiving board (1) is attracted against the spring steel material (3) (
1) The movement of separating (1a) is repeated periodically, and a feeding force in the circumferential direction is applied to the article (W) on the receiving and feeding board (1),
The article is sent out while performing a bouncing motion. Therefore, when the receiving board (1) is attracted to the electromagnetic magnet against the spring force of the spring steel material, the receiving board (1)
is displaced downward and circumferentially, causing the spring steel material (3) to deflect in the direction of arrow (4) in Figure 15, and
Twisting occurs in the direction of arrow (5) in FIG. 16. As a result, compressive stress is applied to the radially inner portion (3a) of the spring steel material (3) in FIG. 16, and tensile stress is applied to the outer portion (3b) of the spring steel material (3). Since multiple pieces of 3i) are stacked one on top of the other and both ends are fixed, bending stress and shear core force due to torsion directly act on the spring steel as stress, resulting in fatigue failure within a short time due to high frequency vibration. , it was necessary to frequently replace the spring steel.

In particular, when increasing the article delivery speed, it is necessary to increase the amplitude of the receiving and sending board in the article delivery direction, that is, it is necessary to increase the amount of deflection of the spring steel, and as a result, the above-mentioned bending stress, Compressive stress and tensile stress increase, and the life time of spring steel materials decreases, which is a major problem in increasing speed.

Furthermore, conventional sending devices use commercial alternating current at a normal frequency (50 to 60 Hz) as a driving source for an electromagnetic magnet.
The oscillation width is small, and the weight of the receiving board itself changes constantly due to increases and decreases in the number of items stored inside the receiving board, so weight becomes a variable and the natural frequency changes constantly. Even if the vibration frequency is set to the maximum amplitude and operation is started, the frequency may deviate from the maximum amplitude due to increase or decrease in the number of articles, and the delivery speed may decrease.

It is an object of the present invention to solve the various problems mentioned above and to provide an article delivery device that utilizes high frequency vibration and is capable of delivering articles at high speed.

[Means to solve the problem]

This is a device that sends out articles by vibrating a receiving board having a spiral path at high frequency using an electromagnetic magnet and a spring steel material connected between the base and the receiving board. A sensor is installed to detect the displacement of a vibration system such as a board or spring steel.

[Effect]

Corresponding to the change in the natural frequency due to the change in the weight of the vibration system, damping of the amplitude is prevented by tuning the attraction period of the electromagnet to the natural frequency of the vibration system. That is, by obtaining the attraction cycle signal of the electromagnetic magnet from the on/off signal of the sensor, changes in the vibration frequency can be followed.

〔Example〕

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the delivery device of this embodiment will be described as a delivery device for a bobbin with or without a yarn layer, but various articles can be processed. However, it is possible to apply the device of the present invention according to the type of article by changing the dimensions of the receiving board, the shape of the passage, the dimensions of the spring steel material, etc., depending on the size, shape, weight, etc. of the article. Furthermore, it would also be applicable to linear feeders.

Figure 2.3 shows a bobbin delivery device to which the present invention is applied (A)
shows. The device consists of a base (2), a receiving board (1), an electromagnetic magnet (M), a spring steel material (K), etc., and a threaded rod ( 6
An electromagnetic magnet (M) supported and fixed in a height-adjustable manner is arranged, and the upper surface of the magnet (M) serves as an attraction surface (7).

On the other hand, a receiving/transferring board (1) is supported on the base (2) via spring steel members (K) arranged at a plurality of locations.

The receiving board (1) has a space (8) for accommodating bobbins (B) in a random arrangement therein, and a bobbin passageway (8) that is spirally sloped gently upward along the inner circumferential wall surface. 9) includes a bobbin receiving part (10) molded from a material such as synthetic resin, a bracket part (11) connected to the spring steel material (K) on the external bottom surface, and an adsorption surface (7) of the electromagnetic magnet (M). ), each member is formed into a single copper body by fixing means such as bolts or welding.

The spring steel material (K
) is, for example, as shown in the fourth diagram, the lower horizontal part (13) fixed to the base (2), the earth/water hand part (14) fixed to the receiving board (1), and between both horizontal parts (13 x 14). The extending inclined portion (15) is integrally bent and formed, and the bolt (18X
19) is fixed to the base (2) and the receiving board (1). In addition, the bolt (1) that fixes the spring steel material (K) is
8X19) is preferably located at a distance ta+ from the bent portion (CI) (C2)) at least a > O
The larger the value of the distance (al), the better, but the optimal value is set based on constraints on the configuration of the device, the amount of deflection of the spring steel, etc.

Furthermore, the inclination angle (θ1) depends on conditions such as the required swing width of the receiving board and the distance (S) between the electromagnetic magnene l-(M) and the suction surface (20) of the receiving board (1). Set.

In the above embodiment, the spring steel material (K) is a single plate with a thickness of 1). An appropriate value is set depending on the vibration frequency.

That is, it is generally expressed as the natural frequency (ff(z)) of the receiving and transmitting board. Here, k is the spring constant of the spring steel material (K?/C
m), W is the weight of the entire receiving and sending board (g) is the gravitational acceleration (980cm/8eC2).Therefore, the frequency (fl
is influenced by the spring constant (k) and weight (W). That is, the smaller the spring constant, the smaller the natural frequency, and the smaller the weight (W), the smaller the natural frequency (fl).

Therefore, during normal operation, the spring constant (kl) is constant and is greatly affected by the weight (W).

Furthermore, the relationship between the above-mentioned natural frequency (fHz) and amplitude (el) has the characteristic relationship shown in FIG. The position where the maximum amplitude of the spring steel material appears differs depending on the frequency of vibration.As is clear from the graph in Figure 9, the maximum amplitude increases as the frequency decreases.For example, at 60Hz, the maximum amplitude The width is about 4M, but around 25Hz it is like 10M.

From the above relationship, in order to increase the sending speed of the receiving board,
All you need to do is increase the amplitude, that is, increase the natural frequency to 20 to 3.
It is sufficient to make the vibration frequency smaller than the conventionally used vibration frequency (50 to 5 QHz), such as 0 Hz, and for this purpose, it is appropriate to reduce the spring constant, that is, the thickness of the spring steel material.

On the other hand, regarding the bending stress applied to a spring steel material, there is generally a relationship between the load (PKSZ) and the deflection (δWX) of a flat spring. Here, b is the length in the longitudinal direction in the cross section of the flat spring, h is the length in the transverse direction, so-called thickness tl, l is the length of the spring, and E is Young's modulus.

From the above formula (b) (Han), the bending stress (σ) is as follows.

According to the above formula (d), when the amount of deflection (δ) is constant, the bending stress becomes smaller as the thickness Chi of the spring steel material becomes smaller.

Therefore, conventionally, multiple pieces of spring steel material with small thickness were stacked on top of each other.
The spring constant was set to a desired value, as shown in Figure 15, and the device was operated under a normal alternating current frequency of 50 to 60 Hz. Therefore, it should be able to withstand fatigue failure caused by high-frequency vibrations, but in reality, failure occurred even under stress that did not reach the bending stress calculated above.

Therefore, the present inventor changed the shape of the spring steel material (K) to have the bent portions (CI) and (C2) shown in FIG. The operation of this embodiment will be explained below.

The action of the spring steel material (K), which is approximately S-shaped when viewed from the front, shown in Fig. 4 is explained first.
0.11 Shown in Figure. That is, as the spring steel material (K) repeatedly attracts and separates from the electromagnetic magnet, when viewed from the front, it alternates between the solid line position (K) and the two-dot chain line position (Ka), as shown in Fig. 10.
In plan view, as shown in Fig. 11, the solid line position (K) and the two-dot chain line position (I (b) are taken. Therefore, the spring steel material CK)
The lower horizontal part (13) of is fixed to the base, and the upper horizontal part (14)
) is fixed to the receiving and sending board, so when the spring steel material (K) is displaced from the solid line position (K) to the two-dot chain line position (Ka) (Kb), a torsional force is applied. However, the above torsional force is applied to the bent portion (CI) (C
2), and the spring steel material shown in Fig. 15 (
3), the stress that was acting as shear stress due to torsion is released in the case of the spring steel material (K) in FIG. 10. That is, the length of the spring steel material (K) between the fixing points (18) and (19) with bolts is greater than the shortest straight distance (L) between the fixing points (18x19),
Therefore, even if the straight line distance changes due to the displacement of the fixed points (18) and (19), it can be freely followed by changing the angle of the bent part of the spring steel material (■0). Another example will be shown.

The spring steel material (K1) in Fig. 5 has an angle (θ3) of a bent portion (C3 shows an acute angle, and the inclination of the inclined portion (22) is in the opposite direction to that of the spring steel material (K) shown in the fourth figure. Therefore, the transport direction of the articles on the receiving board is the direction of arrow (24), and the transport direction (
25) and in the opposite direction.

The bent portion (C5) of the spring steel material (K2) in Figure 6 is 1
The lower part of the spring steel material (K2) is fixed by the inclined fixing surface (2a) on the base side (2) with the bolt (26), and the upper horizontal part (27) is fixed to the receiving board (1). The direction of inclination of the inclined portion (28) is the same as in Figure @4, so the article is fed in the direction of the arrow (25).

FIG. 7 shows still another embodiment, with a vertically bent portion (C6
) (C7) with a roughly U-shaped spring steel material (K3),
Angle (θ5) between the upper horizontal part (29) and the inclined part (30)
is an obtuse angle, and the angle (θ6) between the lower horizontal portion (31) and the inclined portion (30) is an acute angle.

Spring steel materials CK) (K1) CK2) CK in Figures 4 to 7 above
3) all show a single piece of spring steel material with a thickness of tl, but as shown in Figure 8, a single piece of spring steel material with a thickness of n is stacked with multiple pieces of spring steel material (Ki) with a thickness of tl. It is also possible to use it as a spring steel material (K4). The above symbol (the river indicates the number of overlapping sheets. When overlapping in this way, if one spring steel material is a Z-shaped or S-shaped spring steel material, multiple pieces of spring steel material with the same shape and dimensions can be manufactured. For example, the spring steel materials can be stacked closely together.

Further, in the present invention, a sensor for controlling the excitation timing of the electromagnet is arranged near the spring steel material as shown in FIG. 1. That is, a threaded rod (41) is erected on a base (40) that is located below the base (40) that supports the base (2) and that supports the electromagnetic magnet and the spring steel, and a sensor (Sl) is installed on the threaded rod (41). ) (S2) is screwed and supported so that its position can be freely adjusted in the vertical direction. By supporting the sensor (SIX, S2) on a base (40) that is separate from the base (2) above, the effect of the base (2) that vibrates due to the reaction with the receiving and sending board that vibrates at high frequency and the spring steel material. This makes it possible to avoid this problem and improve the detection accuracy of the sensor.

The sensor (Sl) is a sensor that uses a proximity sensor to detect the spring steel material that is repelled by the spring force when the electromagnetic magnet becomes non-dynamic, and to obtain the timing to give an excitation command to the electromagnetic magnet again. There is.

On the other hand, the upper sensor (S2) is a sensor for preventing the swing width of the spring steel material (K), that is, the swing width of the receiving and feeding board from becoming larger than the set value, and is located at a position farther back than the sensor (Sl). It is installed at a position where it does not work during normal vibration, and when the vibration width becomes thicker than the setting, it detects the spring steel material,
It performs control such as lowering the voltage applied to the electromagnetic magnet or shifting the dynamic magnetic period, that is, the excitation frequency ratio, of the electromagnetic magnet to perform a damping effect.

Next, the operation of the sensor, the vibration of the receiving and receiving board, the spring steel material, and the attraction cycle of the electromagnet will be explained.

Figure 12 shows the vibration of spring steel and the proximity sensor (SIX
The relationship between the detection ranges in S2) is shown. Diagram showing vibration (E)
The right end (El) shows the position where the receiving board is attracted to the electromagnetic magnet and the spring steel material in Fig. 1 is most deflected by the attraction force, and the left end part (K2) shows the position where the electromagnetic magnet is turned off and the spring steel material is It shows the position most repulsed by the elastic force of.

Therefore, if a current is applied to the electromagnetic magnet from the moment when the spring steel reaches the left end (K2) and is about to be displaced to the right again due to the elastic force, the vibration system, that is, the receiving plate (1), and the spring steel (
K) and by synchronizing the natural frequency of the vibration system containing the article with the cycle of current flowing through the electromagnet, that is, the attraction cycle, the receiving and transmitting board resonates with a small amount of electric power.

Therefore, the sensor (Sl) detects the spring steel material in the range (α) at the left end of the spring steel material (K), and emits the pulse signal (Pl) shown in FIG. The pulse width (α) of the pulse signal (Pl) matches the above range (α), and the center position (E2
) corresponds to the left end (E2) in FIG. Sensor (S
The above-mentioned pulse signal (Pl) obtained from the pulse width controller (43) shown in FIG.
It is output (44) as a pulse signal (P2) in FIG.

The output signal (44) serves as a timing signal for causing current to flow through the coil of the electromagnetic magnet (M), and controls the triac (45) shown in FIG. 1 to turn on and off the coil current. That is, the rising position (46) of the pulse (P2a) of the corrected pulse signal (P2) is corrected so as to match the left end position (E2) of the vibration diagram. That is, the width of the pulse (P2a) (α/2 in Fig. 13)
), an attractive force acts on the electromagnetic magnet, attracting the receiving and sending board, and the non-magnetic part (P2b) vibrates due to the elastic force of the spring steel. Therefore, the above pulse (P2a
) will be in tune with the natural frequency of the receiving and transmitting board. In other words, even if the amount of articles inside the receiving board (1) changes, the weight (W) in the above equation (a) changes, and the natural frequency (fHz) changes, the following equation is shown in FIG. The relationship between amplitude ratio and excitation frequency ratio is shown. Now, the diagram when the excitation frequency, that is, the attraction period of the electromagnetic magnet matches the natural frequency of the receiving and sending board, is shown in (I). That is, when the excitation frequency ratio is 10, the amplitude ratio is maximum, and the weight change of the article,
For example, if the weight ('W) decreases, the natural frequency (fH
z) increases. Therefore, if the excitation frequency is kept constant, the amplitude ratio will drop to position (X).

However, according to the device of the present invention, even if the natural frequency changes by, for example, 20% due to a change in the weight of the article, the excitation frequency also changes in sync, the excitation frequency ratio also changes by the same percentage, and the diagram ( The amplitude ratio that shifts to J) is always constant, and the amplitude never decreases.

Next, the action of the proximity sensor (S2) will be explained. The sensor (S2) is located at a position further back than the first sensor (Sl) and normally does not detect spring steel. Now, suppose the amplitude increases and the two-dot chain line (E2a) in Fig. 12 Assuming that state oscillation occurs, the sensor (81) (S2) obtains the pulse signal (Pl) (P3) shown in FIG. 13. The above signal (PI) (P3) is generated by the pulse width controller ( 43), but when a pulse (P3) is input, a pulse signal (P4) is output from the controller (43).In other words, the instantaneous position when the sensor (S2) detects the spring steel material Immediately from (47), the electromagnetic magnet is excited (48) and an attractive force is applied. That is,
Since a rightward suction force is already applied to the spring steel while it is moving toward the left end (E2a), a kind of braking force acts on the vibration of the spring steel, reducing the amplitude of the spring steel. Therefore, an accident in which the amount of deflection (δ) of the spring steel increases due to an excessive increase in the swing width, resulting in breakage of the spring steel can be prevented.

Note that if the swing width becomes smaller than the diagram in Figure 12, the amount of deflection of the spring steel material will decrease, so breakage due only to the amount of deflection will not occur (NO). It is also possible to provide a means for increasing the amplitude in order to prevent a decrease in the delivery speed due to If the amplitude decreases, a control circuit is provided to increase the amplitude by passing a strong current through the electric wire (49) shown in the first diagram to increase the attraction force of the magnet and the repulsion force of the spring steel material. be able to.

In addition, in the above embodiment, an example was shown in which a proximity sensor was provided to detect the displacement of the spring steel material, but the same control as described above can also be performed by providing a sensor to detect the displacement of the receiving and sending board (1) itself. Of course, it is also possible. That is, a sensor for detecting the displacement of the vibration system is arranged, and a signal (Pl
) to (P4) are generated.

〔Effect of the invention〕

As described above, in the present invention, the suction cycle of the electromagnetic magnet is tuned to the natural frequency of the vibration system based on the sensor that detects the displacement of the vibration system. Even in this case, a constant delivery speed can be maintained without reducing the amplitude of the vibration system.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of main parts showing an embodiment of the device of the present invention, and FIG.
The figure is a schematic front view showing an example of the article delivery device, Figure 3 is a plan view of the same, Figures 4 to 8 are front views showing various examples of spring steel, and Figure 9 is the frequency and vibration of spring steel. A graph diagram showing the relationship between widths, FIG. 10 is a front view showing the behavior of the spring steel shown in FIG. 1, FIG. 11 is a plan view of the same, and FIG. 12 is a sensor (Sl
) (S2), Fig. 13 is a diagram showing the detection range of the sensor (
81) A signal diagram showing the relationship between the pulse signal of C82) and the attraction period of the electromagnet, Figure 14 is a graph diagram showing the relationship between the excitation frequency ratio and the amplitude ratio, and Figure 15 is the conventional A front view showing the spring steel material, Fig. 16 is a plan view thereof, and Fig. 17 is an explanatory view showing the principle of transporting articles. (1)...Receiver board (M)...Electromagnetic magnet (K)...Spring steel material (Sl)...Proximity sensor Figure 5 Figure 4 0.5 LOl, 2 1.5 Force 01
Anti-Tatsutare h #Kanagehi Fig. 14 Fig. 15

Claims (1)

[Claims] What is claimed is: 1. An article delivery device that sends out articles by vibrating a vibration system including a receiving board having a spiral path at high frequency using an electromagnetic magnet, the article delivery device comprising a sensor for detecting displacement of the vibration system.