JPS605089A - Vertical fermentation device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention enables organic wastes such as sludge and livestock manure, especially fibrous organic wastes such as livestock litter, agricultural and forestry waste, and municipal waste, to be processed under aerobic conditions. This relates to a fermentation device that ferments and composts.

Various types of this type of composting and fermentation apparatus have been considered, but from the viewpoint of space saving, demand for apparatuses having a vertical fermentation tank has been increasing in recent years.

In such a vertical fermenter, if the height of raw material 1 is increased too high, undesirable phenomena such as compaction of the bottom of the compost and insufficient supply of air necessary for aerobic fermentation will occur. Therefore, a plurality of shelves are arranged in the vertical direction in the vertical fermentation tank, and each shelf allows the pickles to be fermented aerobically and then is transferred to the next stage.
A multi-stage fermenter of this type has been proposed.

Regarding the multi-stage fermentation (a), several structures have been considered, but the multi-stage structure shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 has been proposed by the same applicant as the present application. Patent application 1982-22Ci29).rJ, that is, fermentation LffI
1Ill 1 stage 2a, 2b arranged in each.

2C was arranged horizontally in parallel with each other by alternating parallel to each other with a small interval between the pawl rotary support 3 rotatably supported on the fermenter wall and the fixing rod 4 fixed to the fermenter wall. .

1) The fixing rod 4 shown in θ is a hollow tube with a plurality of air supply and exhaust holes opening downwardly.

In this specification, the term "claw" is used to collectively refer to a claw-shaped, plate-like 9-blade-shaped or 151-angular protrusion.
It is used as a term for

] Plants on each shelf are caused to fall to the next stage below by rotating the claw (= J rotating rod 3). Since they are arranged in parallel, there is less damage to the rotating rods compared to a structure in which only the rotating rods are arranged in parallel, and therefore the number of bearings installed to rotatably support the rotating rods can also be reduced. Not only can manufacturing costs and power costs be reduced, but the fixed rod 4
can harden to the walls of the fermenter, improving the strength of the fermenter. Furthermore, the air supply and exhaust holes are formed in the hollow fixed rod 4 so as to extend downwardly, so that the holes do not come into direct contact with deposits, so that clogging of the holes does not occur.

However, in such a prior invention, even if the rotating pawl 3 fails to rotate in order to drop the deposits on the shelf to the lower level, the structure formed between the fixed rods 4 as shown in FIG. J "Destroy the bridge of plant layer 5 - Do not use it, Tsume (
- 4 rotations (The fact that only the sediments in the vicinity of 3 are scraped off is often criticized. Samurai used fibrous material like livestock litter (Ikubo Haitomonotsu) as a raw material. In some cases, a bridge is formed between the fixed rods, making it difficult for deposits to fall.

On the other hand, even if the 111 reconnaissance object on the shelf forms a bridge, if the rotating rod is rotated, the bridge will surely be broken and it will fall to the lower level. Increase the distance between each rotating rod and fixed rod as much as possible (
In this case, the rotating rod should be stopped and a new layer (layer A) should be formed on the shelf.
J, 1. It becomes difficult to fall and form a single deposited layer.

Therefore, in the IJ of the present invention, when forming a new deposited layer on the "2" shelf, the distance between the bars that prevents the 11F stack from falling from the gap between the six rods constituting the shelf is maintained, and the spacing between the bars (= J rotating rod) is maintained. Rotate the 1 ``shelf'' on the shelf to ensure that sediment will fall when dropping plants to the lower level!
This was done with the purpose of providing a multi-stage vertical fermentation device that can handle up to 70 units.

According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, eight trays disposed in a fermenter are rotatably supported with claws (one-rotation rods and fixed rods alternately spaced apart from each other at an interval of 11 degrees). The structure is such that the rotating rods are placed four positions above the fixed rods and arranged in parallel.

The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings showing preferred embodiments.

FIG. vS4 shows one embodiment of the fermentation apparatus according to the present invention, and is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2 showing the apparatus of the prior invention. In Fig. 4, a5 shows one unit l- of the vertical fermenter as shown in Fig. 2 in the horizontal direction. Although this shows an apparatus in which the tank capacity is increased by several units, it goes without saying that it can also be used as a single unit in the present invention as shown in FIG.

The fermentation apparatus illustrated in FIG. 4 has a Yokota i-sided rectangular tank body 11 with open top and bottom surfaces, and the inside of the tank body 11 is arranged in multiple stages at appropriate intervals in the vertical direction by shelves 1i12a, 121), 12c. It is partitioned so that fermentation product accumulation layers I5r+, 151+, and 15c are supported above each 11111 level.

each! II: I stage 12a, 121), 12c I
As shown in FIG. Each is provided with a plurality of pawls 1G protruding from its outer circumferential surface in the direction of IJ radiation, and is rotatably supported on the wall of the tank body 11 via a bearing 17, as well as a driving means (not shown). It is designed to be able to rotate and stand still.On the other hand, each fixed rod 14
is fixed to the wall of the tank body 11 by welding or the like. Fixed rod 14
As shown in FIG. 6, it is made of a hollow tube, and a plurality of air supply/exhaust holes 18 are bored in the longitudinal direction of the hollow tube for supplying or exhausting air toward the bottom of the shelf.

The hollow portion of the fixing rod 171 of the shelf communicates with the blower or pump 20 via a piping system 19 as shown in FIG.

A cup 21 and a damper 22 are disposed at the bottom of the fermentation device, and the damper can be opened and closed.

The above-mentioned ltI structure is substantially the same as the earlier invention, but the difference between the present invention and the earlier invention is that in the earlier invention, the rotating rods with claws and the fixed rods constituting the shelves are arranged horizontally. On the other hand, in the present invention, the rotary rod 13 with a pawl is attached to the fixed rod 14.
The points are arranged so that they are slightly above the .

Due to the arrangement of the rotating rod with claws and the fixed rod, as shown in FIG. An umbrella +a is created, and the bridge formed between adjacent fixed bars is broken, so that the 1f layer 15 on this shelf can be reliably dropped to the lower shelf.

Upper i! Shelves 12a each configured like an IS.

The number of stages and the interval between each stage when partitioning the inside of the tank with 12b and 12c may be determined as appropriate depending on the weight and physical properties of the raw material to be treated, the shape of the tank, and the fermentation conditions. Further, the spacing between the rotating rods and fixed rods constituting each shelf can be determined to be a suitable spacing τ depending on the type and physical properties of the raw material to be processed. For example, when using livestock litter, agricultural and forestry waste, and agricultural and forestry waste, which is rich in yellow, as raw materials, Therefore, it is possible to provide a distance of 60 to 100 cm between the rotating rod and the fixed rod, and the rotating rod may be positioned approximately 30 to 50 cm above the fixed rod.

This is due to the fact that the chute wall 21 and the damper 22 are disposed below the lowest 1 m stage 12c, but as in the embodiment shown in FIG. It is desirable to provide This cutting stage 12
In particular, d has the function of cutting and discharging the fermented compost from the lowest stage and stopping and covering the discharge as necessary. In the example shown in FIG. It has a structure in which a plurality of rods are arranged parallel to each other and horizontally with relatively narrow intervals. When these cutting paddles 23 are in a stationary state, the fermented compost is stopped at the JJI level and is rotated to be cut and discharged.

The operation of the device of the present invention having such a structure will be explained next. When starting with no raw material in the tank 11, the raw material that has been pretreated such as cutting, foreign matter removal, and moisture adjustment is transferred to a packet conveyor to a tripper conveyor (not shown). etc., and introduced it evenly into the tank from the upper surface 60 of the tank body 11 and covered it. Input raw materials are placed on each shelf 12a, 1
The raw material 1'31 passes between the rotating rod 13 and the fixed rod 1111 of 2b12c and falls to the cutting stage 12d, but the material 1'31 is fed until the raw material is deposited above the uppermost stage 12a. In this state, the air necessary for fermentation is supplied or exhausted from each shelf through the hollow fixed rod 14 and the air supply/exhaust hole 18 of each shelf, and the raw material deposits on each shelf are aerobically fermented. When fermentation has progressed to a certain extent, the cutting paddle 23 of the cutting stage 12d is rotated using the damper 22 at the bottom of the tank, and the cutting stage 12d
After dropping the upper 1ft rectifier 1115 (I), stop its rotation. Next, open the tamper 22 and lower the shelf 12.
Rotate the rotary rod 13 to break one ridge of the deposited layer 15c on the shelf 12c (1), and drop the deposited layer 15c onto the cutting step 12 (i) to form a new deposited layer 15d. After that, the rotation is stopped. Next, rotate the pawl (=j times of rotation 13 of the number of stages 121) to Il1 stage 12b ''-(
l] [Hn layer 15b layer 15d J2I cof& -F 8 After forming a new layer 15c on the shelf 12c, the rotation thereof is stopped. after that,
Rotate the rotating rod 13 to remove the claw of the shelf 12a.
After dropping the deposited layer 15a on the deposited layer 15c onto the deposited layer 15c to form a new 1" stacked layer 151+ on the shelf 12b,
The rotation is stopped, a new raw material 1 is introduced, and the deposited layer 15 (
) to avoid forming a new deposited layer 15a evenly on several stages 12a.

While repeating these operations, the fermentation state in the device becomes steady, and as the sediment is transferred from the top stage to the bottom stage, the degree of composting progresses. It is possible to avoid discharging fully ripened JIL manure. The discharged mature compost is transported by a dump truck or a conveyor (not shown).

The supply and exhaust of air necessary for aerobic fermentation can be carried out for each stage using the holes 18 in the hollow fixed rods 14 that constitute each stage, thereby providing optimal fermentation conditions for each stage. As such, the amount of pumped and exhausted air, the temperature, humidity, etc. of the supplied air at each stage can be controlled independently for each stage. Furthermore, if the air is circulated, for example, by supplying air from the shelves 12+) and 12c and exhausting it from the holes in the hollow fixed rods of the top shelf 12a, there will be no substantial dissipation of the circulated air containing bad odors from the top of the tank. , On the other hand, the bottom of the tank is the lowest cutting stage 12d and a pile of soil 115d.
Since the fermenter will be sealed to some extent by this, there is also the point that it is not necessarily necessary to seal the fermenter to prevent the spread of bad odors.

Furthermore, in the present invention, since the rotating rod 13 is arranged above the fixed rod 14, as shown in FIG.
- The lower surface of the sediment layer above the first stage is corrugated, making it possible to increase the contact area between the 1fil material and the air, resulting in effective aerobic fermentation.

Note that the exhaust gas from the hollow fixed rod 14 can be taken out of the tank as steam at about 40 to 60°C, so it is passed through a heat exchanger (not shown) and used to heat fresh supply air. It is also possible to recover and effectively use it as a heat source for heating.

Also, when exhausting the air supplied into III, [1
] Instead of performing this through the hole 18 of the empty fixed rod 14, it may be performed through an exhaust hole (not shown) provided through the body 1, if necessary.

As can be seen from the above explanation, the multi-stage vertical type generator p of the present invention
In the apparatus, each of the shelves disposed in the fermenter is arranged parallel to the rotating rod and the fixed rod alternately parallel to each other at intervals, and the rotating rod with the claw is connected to the fixed rod. Because it is a #6 structure that is placed above the rack, it is possible to ensure that the I1 stack on the shelf falls to the lower shelf compared to a case where the rotating rod and fixed rod are arranged horizontally at the same level. can.

Further, since the surface of the sediment on the shelf is corrugated and the area of contact between the sediment and air can be increased, there is also the advantage that effective aerobic fermentation can be carried out.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a front sectional view showing the device of the prior invention, and Figure 2 is the
3 is an explanatory diagram showing a state in which a rotary rod with a claw is used to scrape off 1a in the optical device of the prior application, and FIG. 4 is a tJ color example of the device of the present invention. Show! 5 is an enlarged partial cross-sectional view taken along line V-V in FIG. 4, FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the fixed rod, and FIG. It is an explanatory view showing a cut-off state. 11... Tank body, 12a, 12b, 12cm
4+ stage, 12d... Cutting stage, 13... Rotating rod with claw, 14... Fixed rod, 15a, 151), 1
5c, 15d-1j hammer f4.16-...nail, 18
...Air supply/exhaust hole, 22...Damper, 23...Rotating rod with vane. Same as Yunosuke Araki

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. IW by supplying raw material consisting of organic waste from the top
It is a vertical fermentation device that serves as a pile decoy, ferments it aerobically, and then discharges it as fermented compost from the bottom. The racks are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the rotating rods are slightly above the fixed rods. A vertical fermentation apparatus characterized in that the rod is a hollow tube and a plurality of downwardly opening air supply and exhaust holes are bored in the hollow tube.