JPS605090A - Vertical fermentation device - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention is applicable to industrial wastes such as industrial waste such as livestock dung, livestock litter, agricultural and forestry waste, and municipal waste. 1 by fermenting organic waste under aerobic conditions.
This relates to a fermentation device that starts.

Various types of J14 fertilizer fermentation equipment have been considered in the past, but in recent years there has been a demand for equipment that uses a vertical fermentation tank in order to save space.

In such a vertical fermenter, if the raw material stacking height is too high, undesirable phenomena such as compaction of the bottom of the itt stack and insufficient supply of air necessary for aerobic fermentation occur. For this reason, a multi-stage fermenter has been proposed in which a plurality of shelves are arranged in the vertical direction within a vertical fermenter, and the sediment is aerobically fermented in each stage and then transferred to the next stage.

Various structures have been considered for the tray structure of a multi-stage fermenter, and one multi-stage structure as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has been proposed by the same applicant as the present application (Japanese Patent Application 58-22629). That is, fermentation ((each shelf 2a, 2b disposed within the tray 1).

2C is rotatably supported on the wall of the fermentation tank.
It is a Schiff 4 structure in which rotating rods 3 and fixed rods 4 of the same name on the wall of the fermentation tank are alternately arranged parallel to each other at intervals and horizontally parallel to each other. The fixing rod 4 is a hollow tube in which a plurality of air supply and exhaust holes opening downward are bored.

In this specification, the term "tsume" refers to the shape of a claw,
This term is used to collectively refer to plate-like, wing-like, or acute-angled protrusions.

The sediment on each tier is dropped to the next tier below by rotating the rotary rod 3. Since it is parallel to
Compared to a structure in which only rotating rods are arranged in parallel, there are fewer rotary rods to be damaged, and therefore fewer bearings are required to rotatably support the rotating rods. Therefore, the manufacturing cost 1 and power cost of the device are not only reduced, but also the strength of the fermenter is improved because the fixing rod 4 can be fixed to the wall of the fermenter. In addition, the air supply and exhaust holes are opened downward in the hollow fixed rod 4 so that the holes do not come into direct contact with deposits, so that the holes do not become clogged.

However, in such a prior invention, even when rotating the pawl 3 in order to cause the deposits on the shelf to fall to the lower tier, the debris formed between the fixed rods 4 as shown in FIG. A phenomenon is often observed in which only the deposits near the rotating pawl 3 are scraped off without breaking the bridge of the deposit layer 5. In particular, when organic waste rich in fibers, such as livestock litter, is used as a raw material, bridges are formed between the fixed rods, making it difficult for deposits to fall.

On the other hand, in order to ensure that even if the 111 stacks on the shelf form a bridge, rotating the rotating rod will surely break the bridge and fall to the lower shelf, each rotating rod on the same shelf must be It is possible to widen the spacing between the fixing rods, but in this case, when the rotating rod is stopped and a new deposit layer is formed on the shelf, the metal rods may fall directly through the wide gap between the metal rods. (
It becomes difficult to form tlriM.

Therefore, the present invention has developed a new method that allows the stacking to be formed on the shelves from the gaps between the metal bars that make up the shelves, maintains a spacing between the bars that prevents pickles from falling, and rotates the rotating rod with claws. 1 on the shelf. When dropping pickles to the lower shelf, be sure to
``The purpose was to provide a multi-stage vertical fermentation device with a tiered structure that would prevent pickles from falling.

According to the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, each shelf arranged in a fermenter is equipped with a plurality of fixed rods arranged parallel to each other at intervals and two adjacent fixed rods. These fixed rods and flat between the fixed rods? The rotating rod 414 is made up of at least two rotatably supported rotary rods with claws arranged in parallel at intervals.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 4 shows one embodiment of the fermentation apparatus according to the present invention, and is a sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2 showing the apparatus of the prior invention. Fig. 4 shows an apparatus in which a plurality of units of the vertical fermenter shown in Fig. 2 are arranged horizontally to make the tank capacity large. Of course, it can be used as one unit.

The fermentation apparatus illustrated in FIG. 4 has a tank body 11 with a rectangular cross section that is open at the top and bottom. It is divided into multiple tiers with 1f of fermented material on each tier.
It is designed to be able to support the i stacks 15a, 151) and 15c.

As shown in FIG. 5, each shelf 12a, 1211, 12c has two rotating rods 13 with claws arranged between two adjacent fixed rods 14, and these rotating rods and fixed rods are connected to each other. +M'rΔ arranged horizontally and spaced apart in parallel. Each of the rotating rods 13 is provided with a plurality of pawls 16 protruding radially from its outer peripheral surface, and a bearing 1 is mounted on the wall of the tank body 11.
It is rotatably supported via 7, and can be rotated and stopped by a drive means (not shown). On the other hand, each fixing rod 171 is fixed to the wall of the monk's body 11 by welding or the like. As shown in FIG. 6, the fixing rod 14 is made of a hollow tube, and a plurality of air supply/exhaust holes 18 are bored in the longitudinal direction of the hollow tube for supplying or exhausting air toward the bottom of the shelf. .

The hollow portion of the fixing rod 14 of the shelf communicates with a blower or pump 20 via a piping system 19, as shown in FIG.

Shoes 1 to walls 21 and a damper 22 are arranged at the bottom of the fermentation fitting, so that the damper can be opened and closed at any time.

As shown in Figure 7, the two adjacent fixing bars 1
4, the bridge of the deposit 15 formed between them cannot be held by the two pawls (=J) placed between the fixed rods (=J) due to the rotation of the rotating rod 13,
The sedimentary layer on this shelf can actually fall to the lower level. In addition, when stopping the rotating rod and forming a new Jll stack on this shelf, it is necessary to maintain the distance between the bars 1; govern

Shelves 12a each configured as described above.

121+, 12c to partition the inside of the tank and the interval between each shelf (determined as appropriate depending on the amount and physical properties of J-processing raw material!'31, the shape of the tank, and the fermentation conditions. Also, the rotation constituting each shelf) The appropriate spacing between the rods and fixed rods can also be determined depending on the type and physical properties of the raw material to be treated.For example, organic waste rich in fibers, such as livestock litter or forest waste, can be used as the raw material. In some cases, the 11 layers on the shelf tend to form bridges, so 60 to 100 layers are placed between the 8 bars.
A spacing of C and In can be provided. On the other hand, if the raw material is sludge or livestock manure, it is necessary to narrow the distance between the eight rods.

It is also possible to arrange the chute wall 21 and the damper 22 below the lowest shelf 12c, but as shown in the embodiment of FIG. It is desirable that the cutting stage 12d can be formed at the cutting stage 1.
2d, especially avoid cutting and discharging fermented compost from the bottom layer,
In addition, a plurality of rotary rods, ie, cutout paddles 23 (which are equipped with multi-functionality, for example, the blades in FIG. They have 4fJ structures that are horizontally parallel to each other.

When these cutting paddles 23 are stationary, they prevent the fermented compost from falling and are cut out and discharged by slowing their rotation.

In the examples shown in FIGS. 4 and 7, the rotating rods with claws and the fixed rods constituting the same shelf are arranged horizontally in parallel at the same level.
The rotary rods 13 with claws are arranged so as to be placed slightly above the fixed rod 14 (Fig. 8), or the rotating rods 13 with claws are placed slightly below the fixed rod 1/1. It is also possible to arrange them in such a way (Fig. 9), or even to arrange them so that the adjacent rods are shifted vertically every other tree (Fig. 10).

Also, the number of rotary rods 13 arranged between the two fixed rods does not necessarily have to be two, and three rotary rods 13 may be arranged as shown in Fig. 11. , in this case as well, the adjacent bars are arranged vertically alternately as shown in the figure.
But that's fine.

When the same shelf is arranged with 414 rods shifted vertically as shown in Figures 8 to 1-1, the lower surface of the sediment layer on the shelf becomes wavy, causing sediment and air to flow. This is preferable in order to increase the contact area with the fermentation agent and to carry out effective aerobic fermentation.

In this case, the degree of vertical displacement can be determined depending on the conditions such as the spacing between each bar, the spacing between each shelf, and the type of raw material to be processed, but generally it is 30 to 5 Qcm. It is desirable to shift it up and down within a certain range.

The operation of the device of the present invention having such a structure will be explained next. The lifting platform, which is started with no raw materials in the tank body 11, conveys the raw materials that have been pretreated such as cutting 11Ji, material removal, moisture adjustment, etc. to bucket 1, and ripper conveyor A7 (not shown). t!-1"), etc., and are evenly charged into the tank from the upper part of the tower body 11. The raw materials to be charged are on each shelf 12a, 12b.

The material passes between the rotating rod 13 and the fixed rod 14 of 12c and falls to the cutting stage 12d, but the raw materials are fed until they are stacked above the top stage 12a.In this state, each shelf The air necessary for fermentation is supplied from each stage through the hollow fixed rod 14 and the air supply/exhaust hole 18, or the air is pumped one-on-one to aerobically ferment the raw material deposits on each shelf. Once the process has progressed, open the damper 22 at the bottom of the tank and open the cutting stage 12.
(Turn the cutting paddle 23 of No. 1 and drop the deposit e15(l) on the cutting step 12d, then stop the rotation. Next, close the tamper 224 and remove the pawl rotary rod 13 of the shelf 12c. Rotate to break the bridge of the deposited layer 15c on the shelf 12c, and remove the J, fL reconnaissance layer 15c from the 1,7J exit step 1.
2d to form a new deposited layer 15 (1), and then stop that cycle. Next, !1ll1 stage 1
21J claw 1'' Rotate the rotating rod 13 to set the shelf 121)
Top 11 detective layer 1! i+) is placed on the deposited layer 15d to form a new deposited layer +5c on the terrace 12c, and then the rotation of i is stopped. Thereafter, the magazine rotating tray 13 on the shelf 12a is rotated to ensure that the paper piles 1i on the shelf 12a are not stacked on the shelf 12a. j1
After forming a new 1 (L stack 151) on the 1111 stage 121] by avoiding dropping 5a onto the 11LKn layer 11)C, stop its rotation, and add a new raw material to the deposited layer 1.
5b and place a new one on the shelf 12a. ．． : The deposited layer 15a is formed evenly.

As these operations are repeated, the fermentation state in the device becomes steady, and as the sediment is transferred from the top stage to the bottom stage, the degree of fertilization progresses.
Fully ripened compost can be discharged from the lowest cutting stage. The discharged fully matured jfI manure is transported by a tanker or a competition A2 (not shown).

Supply and exhaust of air necessary for aerobic fermentation (this can be done for each stage by utilizing the holes 18 in the hollow fixed rods 14 that make up each stage, providing the optimum fermentation conditions for each stage) temperature of air supplied at each stage, etc.)
It is possible to control the margins, etc. independently for each stage. In addition, for example, air is supplied from the shelves i2b and 12c, and the bottom shelf 1
If the air is circulated through the holes in the hollow fixed rod 2a, there will be no substantial dissipation of the circulating air containing bad odors from the top of the tank, and the bottom of the tank will be exposed to the lowest cutting stage 12 ( Since the fermenter is sealed to some extent by the layer 15d on top of the fermenter, there is also the advantage that the fermenter does not necessarily have to be closed tightly to prevent the diffusion of bad odors.

J-3, the exhaust from the hollow fixed rod 14 is 40 to 60 degrees.
Since it can be extracted outside 1U as steam of about C, it can be used to heat fresh supply air by passing it through a heat exchanger (not shown), or it can be recovered and used effectively as a heat source for DJs. is also possible.

When exhausting the air supplied into the tank, it is not necessary to do it through the hole 18 of the hollow fixed rod 14.
(not shown).

As can be seen from the above description, in the multi-stage vertical fermenter of the present invention, each shelf disposed in the fermenter includes a plurality of fixed rods arranged parallel to each other at intervals, Between two adjacent fixed rods (these are fixed rods). Compared to the case where fixed rods and rotating rods are arranged alternately in parallel, when rotating the rotating rods and dropping the i11 stacks on the shelves to the lower shelves, it is possible to ensure that they fall. .

In addition, when the eight rods that make up the 11l-shelf are arranged in a vertically shifted manner, the bottom surface of the il-stacked pickles on the shelf becomes wavy, increasing the contact area between the sediment and the air. This also has the advantage of promoting aerobic fermentation of J4L products.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figure 1 is a front sectional view showing the device of the prior invention, and Figure 2 is the
3 is an explanatory diagram showing the state of scraping off deposits by the rotating rod with claws in the device of the prior invention, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line of FIG. Cross section, 5th
The figure is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the line v-vm in Figure 4, Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the fixed rod, and Figure 7 shows the state in which the device of the present invention is scraped off by a rotary rod with a claw. One explanatory drawing, FIG. 8, FIG. 9, FIG. 10, and FIG. 11 are explanatory drawings showing various examples of arrangement of the fixed rod and the rotating rod in the device of the present invention. 11-4ff body, +2a, 12b, 12cm・
・Shelf tier, 12d... Cutting tier, 13... Claw] Rotating rod, 14... Fixed rod, 15a, 1511,
+5a, 15d = 1 (laminated, 16-... pawl, 18... air supply/exhaust hole, 22... damper, 23...
・Rotating offering with feathers. Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 To Figure 1 Figure 8 5 Figure 9 Figure 10 Figure 11 +4 15 14

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A raw material 1i:31 consisting of aerobic waste is fed from the upper part to form a sediment layer, which is aerobically fermented, and then fermented from the lower part to a vertical column where it is discharged as fertilizer. The mold fermentation apparatus includes a plurality of fixed rods arranged parallel to each other at intervals, and at least one fixed rod arranged parallel to each other at intervals between two adjacent fixed rods. 2 episodes 3
A plurality of stages consisting of a rotary ring supported by a rotary rotor are arranged in multiple stages in the vertical direction of the fermenter, and each fixed rod is a hollow tube with an opening downward into the hollow tube. A vertical fermentation apparatus characterized in that a plurality of air supply and exhaust holes are bored therein. 2. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the fixed rod J3 and the rotating rod with claws are arranged horizontally in parallel. 3. The device according to claim 1, wherein the rotating rod with claws is arranged so as to be placed slightly above the fixed rod. 4. The device according to claim 1, wherein the rotating rod with claws is arranged so as to be placed slightly below the fixed rod. 5. The device according to claim 1, which is arranged in such a way that each of the 114 rods having the same side rows can be vertically moved every other time.6. 3 claws f'
An apparatus according to claims 1 to 5, in which rotation II is arranged.