JPS6036726B2 - How to revitalize and preserve the life of live fish and shellfish - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention relates to a method for activating and preserving the life of live fish and shellfish, and its purpose is to increase the vitality of live fish and shellfish and dramatically increase their suitability to the external environment. By doing so, we can extend the survival time during aquaculture, transportation, crab cultivation, etc.
The aim is to provide an economical way to increase survival rates.

In general, live fish, especially teleosts such as rainbow trout and shellfish such as red clams, have low vitality, and during their cultivation or farming, there are various environmental conditions that differ from the original survival conditions, such as
It is often exposed to deterioration of water quality, etc., and a large amount of scale death occurs due to fish diseases. In addition, both farmed and natural products,
During the process of capture, shipping, transportation, and storage, they are subjected to various handling conditions that differ from their original survival conditions, leading to exhaustion and some death. Conventionally, various measures have been taken to prevent bag death during aquaculture, including actively administering nutrients such as vitamins, and more passively, preventing and maintaining water quality.

In addition, for fish diseases, antimony chemicals have been administered. In addition, when handling live fish and shellfish outside of the normal growing environment, methods such as using tranquilizers or keeping them at low temperatures to calm them down, and making the handling environment as similar to the growing environment as possible, such as by making the handling environment rich in oxygen, are possible. Methods to reduce fatigue have been proposed.

However, once exhausted live fish and shellfish do not exhibit sufficient effects, and it is currently difficult to resuscitate and revitalize exhausted live fish and shellfish to keep them alive for a longer period of time. The inventors of the present invention have developed the present invention as a result of intensive research in order to dramatically increase the vitality and external environment compatibility of live fish and shellfish, and to extend the survival time and increase the survival rate during aquaculture, transportation, farming, etc. reached.

In other words, when amino acid derivative hormones were added to seawater or freshwater, which is the growth environment for live fish and shellfish, surprisingly, even if they were left in an aquarium for a long time, there were significantly fewer animals that died, and the survival time was significantly extended. An improvement in the rate was observed.

In particular, the effect of using these chemicals as an additive is remarkable for red snails.

Red clams (approximately 100
50 samples were left for one hour in 100 pieces of seawater to which adrenaline, an amino acid derivative hormone, had been added (adrenaline addition amount: 9/day). After that, they were transferred to additive-free seawater, and compared with 50 untreated red clams that had been transported under refrigerated conditions and exhausted, the survival rate in the aquarium was observed. Three days later, the red clams that had been treated with the chemical bath survived. The survival rate of untreated red clams was 76%, while the survival rate of trout was 76%.
Met. After 10 days, survival rates were 78% and 36%, respectively.
Met.

This indicates that adrenaline, an amino acid derivative hormone, has a certain revitalizing and lifesaving effect on exhausted red snails. Similar experiments were conducted with various amino acid derivative hormones, and it was confirmed that they were effective in increasing survival time and survival rate. The above-mentioned amino acid derivative hormones include: It refers to amino acid hormones such as iodoamino acids as defined by Heller, and amine hormones such as caterolamines and indole derivative amines. (日.Heller;Molecula
raspectsinc. mparative en
d. r inal. gy・C also n・C. mpEn
dor. 22, 315-332 (1974)) Amino acid hormones include mono-, di-, and tri-substituted thyronine at the 3, 5, 3', and 5' positions, the thyroid hormone thyroxine, and its metals. Salts etc. give particularly favorable results. As amino acid hormones, catecholamines such as dopa, dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline and salts thereof, and indole derivative imines such as melatonin, which is a pineal gland hormone, give particularly favorable results.

In addition, the same experiment as above was conducted on other live fish and shellfish, such as rainbow trout, red sea bream, abalone, etc., and it was confirmed that this method is effective in increasing survival time and survival rate. Live fish and shellfish to which the present invention can be applied include red sea bream, rock bream, black sea bream,
Teleost net vertebrates such as rainbow trout, sweetfish, loach, crucian carp, carp, eel, flounder, flat flounder, blue flounder, perch, greenling, tiger puffer fish, axe-foot net molluscs such as Pacific oyster, scallop, red clam, common snail, and giant clam,
The effect of using this hormone is particularly pronounced on gastropod silk molluscs such as black abalone, Ezo abalone, spotted abalone, and tokobushi, and branidae such as sea urchin, but especially on red clams and rainbow trout.

Such an effect of increasing survival time and survival rate is universally observed with amino acid derivative hormones, and is probably due to the promotion or suppression of the hormone's body fluid coordination action, that is, the metabolic regulation action, which improves the adaptability of fish and shellfish to the external environment. This appears to have occurred as a result of a dramatic increase in vitality, or in other words, an improvement in the survival rate under a certain environment. Any method for administering the hormone may be used as long as it can be taken into the body of live fish and shellfish.

Any of the following methods may be used, including a drug treatment method in which the drug is dissolved or suspended in environmental water, a pre-treatment method in which the drug is previously treated with a drug and then transferred to environmental water, a method in which it is mixed with feed and administered, and a method in which it is injected. The simplest pretreatment method is as follows: Amino acid derivative hormones are added in an amount of 9/1 to 100 females/term, more preferably 0.5 to 30 females/term.
If it is added to the water used in the ratio of 9/9 and left for 8 to 48 hours in a water tank maintained at 20q0, it will fully exhibit its effect. In other methods, the purpose can be achieved by administering an amount that remains in the fish and shellfish body using this medicinal bath pretreatment method. In the present invention, the hormone agent may be used alone or in combination of two or more, and its effectiveness is further demonstrated when used in combination with known nutritional supplements such as vitamins, nutritional salts, and anti-monotropic substances. It is something to do.

As described above, the present invention improves the ability of living fish and shellfish to adapt to the environment, that is, their vitality, through the metabolic regulation effect within the body of living organisms. and can be used for the purpose of increasing survival rate. It is also an economically advantageous method because sufficient efficacy can be expressed at extremely low concentrations and in a short period of time.
Hereinafter, the effects of the present invention will be shown by Examples. Example 1 An example will be shown in which the Yakuyu pretreatment method was applied to Academia spp., which is an axe-footed silk mollusk.

After pretreatment with a medicinal solution containing adrenaline, an amine hormone, at varying concentrations, the animals were transferred to a storage tank, and changes in survival rate over time were examined. The pretreatment conditions and storage tank water conditions are as follows. 100ml of natural seawater was placed in an aquarium, adrenaline was added to the tank at a concentration of 5 to 20 pieces, and 50 red clams from China that had been transported under refrigeration were housed.

The temperature of the above seawater was adjusted to 20°C and 2°C while aerating it, and after leaving it for one hour, the water temperature was 15qo to 18qo, and the pH was 7.0 to 8.
．． 0NH3 equivalent concentration 0.5 ppm or less, CODI blood pm
The animals were housed in a tank containing 12 kinds of seawater with maintained water quality, and changes in survival rate over time were examined. The refrigerated transportation time for the red clams used was about 8 field hours, and the average size of the red clams was 100 hours per piece. The results are shown in Table 1. The comparative examples shown in the table show the results when the samples were placed in a storage tank from the beginning. The survival rate of red clams without treatment was 70 after 3 days.
%, which decreases to 42% after loB, whereas those treated with adrenaline show a higher survival rate of 8-28% after 3 days and 22-28% after 10 days.

As shown below, the activation and lifesaving efficiency of adrenaline when given under certain treatment conditions is remarkable. Example 2 An example is shown in which various amino acid derivative hormones were administered to red snails using a medicinal bath pretreatment method.

The procedure was the same as in Example 1, except that the amount of the hormone agent added was changed from 5 to 20 by 9/9. Table 2 The survival rate of untreated red clams decreases to 76% after 3 days and 36% after 10 days, whereas with adrenaline, thyroxine, and melatonin, it is 10-22% after 3 days and 14-42% even after 10 days. It shows a high survival rate, and epinephrine in particular shows a remarkable effect.

From the above, the activation and lifesaving effects of administering amino acid derivative hormones are remarkable. Example 3 An example will be shown in which various amino acid derivative hormones were administered to abalone, which is a reticulata mollusk, by a pretreatment method using a medicinal bath.

Addition amount of hormone agent 5-20 9/so, pretreatment time 2
It is the same as the first embodiment except that it is changed to a unique period. In addition,
The Izu-produced black abalone used had been transported after being exposed to the air for about 4 hours, and had an average size of 150 fish/fish.

The results are shown in Table 3.

Table-3 Survival rate of non-administered animals was 90% after 7 days and 72% after 21 days.
%, whereas those administered with each amino acid derivative hormone decreased by 4-10% after 7 days and by 4% even after 21 days.
The survival rate was ~14% higher, and epinephrine in particular showed a remarkable effect.

From the above, the activation and lifesaving effects of administering amino acid derivative hormones are remarkable. Example 4 An example is shown in which various amino acid derivative hormones were administered to rainbow trout, which is a teleost reticulum vertebrate, by a pretreatment method.

The procedure was the same as in Example 1, except that the river water was used for 100 days, the number of fish in the experiment was 20 fish, the amount of hormone added was 9/Z of 5 to 10, and the pretreatment time was 4 days.

The rainbow trout used were of uniform size, with an average of 100 fish per fish.

The results are shown in Table 4. Table 4: Nijas without administration decreased to 80% after 7 days and 50% after 21 days, whereas those treated with each amino acid derivative hormone decreased to 10% after 7 days.
The survival rate was ~20%, and even after 21 days, the survival rate was 15-35% higher, and epinephrine in particular showed a remarkable effect.

From the above, the activation and life-preservation effects of administering amino acid hormones are remarkable. Example 5 An example is shown in which various amino acid derivative hormones were administered to the teleost vertebrate, bream bream, using a pretreatment method.

The same equipment as in Example 1 was used, except that natural seawater was used for 200 days, the number of fish in the experiment was 20 fish, the amount of hormone added was changed from 5 to 10 females/chicken, and the pretreatment time was changed to 4 hours.

In addition, the sea bream used was a cultured sea bream of uniform size with an average of 150 fish per fish. The results are shown in Table 5. Table 5 Survival rate of non-administered animals was 80% after 7 days and 60% after 21 days.
%, whereas those administered with each amino acid derivative hormone showed a 5-15% higher survival rate after 7 days and a 5-20% higher survival rate even after 21 days, and epinephrine in particular showed a remarkable effect. ing.

From the above, the administration of amino acid derivative hormones has remarkable effects on survival and survival.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A method for activating and preserving the life of live fish and shellfish, which comprises administering an amino acid derivative hormone to live fish and shellfish.