JPS60241859A - Method and apparatus for dropping and heat-treatment of powdery substance - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To enable the thermal treatment such as thermal sterilization, etc. of powdery material such as grains, food, cosmetic, etc. with an apparatus having simple structure, by supplying saturated steam, etc. into a cylindrical apparatus, feeding the powdery material into the apparatus from above, and carrying out the thermal treatment of the powder in the course of falling spontaneously through the cylinder. CONSTITUTION:Saturated steam, superheated steam, or their mixture is supplied from the steam inlet 4 into the top-opened cylindrical heating apparatus 1, and the powdery raw material is supplied to the heating apparatus from above. The material is heat-treated while falling spontaneously in the heating apparatus 1, and the material dropped to the bottomof the apparatus 1 is discharged from the outlet port 5 attached to the bottom of the apparatus 1. The heating apparatus 1 has cylindrical form, and the steam inlet 4 is attached tangentially to the wall to form a gyrating stream of the steam in the cylinder.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for heat-treating powdery substances such as grains, foods, cosmetics, etc., and particularly relates to a method and apparatus for heat-treating powdery substances such as grains, foods, cosmetics, etc. This invention relates to a falling heat treatment method and apparatus for granular materials in which heat sterilization, heat denaturation, etc. are performed while dropping water vapor.

As a processing method or apparatus for powdery material raw materials, the applicant has
``Method and apparatus for producing puffed foods using air current heating method'', in which particles of grain raw materials are first heat-treated while being dispersed and suspended (
Special Publication No. 46-34747%3 (hereinafter referred to as airflow heat treatment method) [Apparatus for producing puffed foods” (Special Publication No. 45-2
No. 6695) has already been proposed.

Furthermore, as an application of the airflow heat treatment method, an application was filed for ``Method of Heat Sterilization of Powdered Materials J'' (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 56-26180) or ``Sterilization Apparatus'' (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-153654).

However, in all of the above devices, the original document 1 is forced to disperse and float in a pressurized air stream from the start to the end of heating, which requires a high-pressure and large blower, resulting in high equipment costs and running costs. Furthermore, due to the collision of the particle phase q, fragile raw materials such as breadcrumbs lose their original shape and lose their commercial value, and are not always satisfactory.

Also, as a recent example, [Method and equipment for heat treatment of grains]
(Unexamined Japanese Patent Publication No. 57-159463). This method uses high-pressure air as a heating medium to heat-process grains in a cyclone, but with this method, the entire interior of the cyclone does not have an even temperature, especially in the air stagnation area, where the outside air This method cannot necessarily be said to be effective because the material inside the cyclone is cooled down to a low temperature, the time during which the material inside the cyclone comes into contact with substantially high-temperature air is limited, and the material to be heated may be oxidized.

The present invention was made to improve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its purpose is to provide a simple structure without adding a large blower or the like as in the conventional method, and to prevent damage to raw materials. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus for drop-type heat treatment of powdery substances, which can sufficiently perform heat treatment such as sterilization without causing any problems.

In order to achieve this objective, the processing power method according to the present invention introduces heating steam equal to atmospheric pressure into a cylindrical heating can, charges raw materials into the heating can, and causes the heating steam to fall through the heating steam. The gist is that the processing apparatus according to the present invention has a raw material input port in one part and a raw material recovery port in the lower part, and 11 cylindrical cans that are open to the atmosphere. The gist is that the pipe is connected to a recovery pipe for steam that has undergone heat exchange.

The present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, an example in which saturated steam is used as the heating medium for the original document 4 will be described with reference to FIG. (1) shows the original 4 before being heated, and its overall shape is a straight cylinder. Although the cross-sectional shape may be rectangular or polygonal depending on the arrangement of the apparatus, a circular shape is most suitable in consideration of the residence time due to the swirling movement of the raw material as described later. The end before heating (1) is open to the atmosphere, and in this example, the opening (2) is the inlet of the raw material and the outlet of the heating medium, that is, saturated steam.
It becomes 1. On the other hand, the end (3) of the heating can (+) is preferably formed into a funnel shape for smooth discharge of raw materials.

Then, steam is introduced into the side of the part of heating amount (1) [1 pipe (
4) is connected, and the raw material is discharged in the vertical direction of the F end 5)
A raw material discharge valve (6) is provided at the discharge [1 (5)] to prevent drafts.

- Power, the steam inlet vibe (4) is connected to the steam supply pipe (7
), and is preferably connected to the heating amount (1) from the tangential direction of the side surface of the heating amount (1) as shown in FIG. With this configuration, the saturated steam swirls within the heating amount (+), and the raw materials drop while being dispersed and suspended by the air current, so the contact time with the saturated steam can be extended, further increasing the dispersion. The contact area can also be increased, making effective heat treatment more effective. Further, the height of the heating amount (1) and the size of the cross-sectional area may be appropriately determined depending on the type or particle size of the raw material.

(10) is a belt feeder that quantitatively supplies the original 1 to the heating amount (1), and is installed facing the opening rl (2) of the heating amount (1).

(11) is a suction port for collecting the saturated water vapor discharged from the opening (2) of the heating amount (1).
The suction is performed by a blower (12). The sucked saturated steam is released into the atmosphere, but it is preferable to exchange heat with water or air to effectively utilize exhaust heat.

The present invention is configured as described above, and first, saturated steam generated in the boiler is introduced into the heating amount (1) through the steam inlet vibrator (4).

On the other hand, the original 4 stored in the hotsuber (8) is fed into the heating quantity (1) through the Heltfiter (10), and falls naturally while floating while dispersing the heating quantity (1), and is heated. The raw material is then discharged to the outside through the discharge valve (6) and recovered as a product. The condensed water of saturated steam generated during the subsequent heat treatment is either absorbed by the raw material or released to the outside together with the product.

The saturated steam that heated the original document 4 is discharged from the L section o(2), and is sucked in by the blower (2) as necessary to prevent condensation near the L section.

Next, Fig. 3 shows an example in which superheated steam is used as the heating medium.
The configuration is the same as that shown in Figure 1, except that the raw material is heat-treated by converting saturated steam into superheated steam using (13), and the heating amount (
The superheated steam that has flowed into step 1) changes into saturated steam while heating the original 4, and thereafter this equilibrium state is maintained, and the heating amount (1) is filled with saturated steam and steam.

At this time, it goes without saying that if the temperature of the superheated steam is set to a certain level l-, the heating amount (1) will be filled with the superheated steam.In this way, in this application, saturated steam and superheated steam are used as the heating medium. can do.

In addition, the water vapor inlet vibrator (
Although 4) is connected to the heating amount (+) in the horizontal direction, it may be arranged in a slightly inclined state, that is, the water vapor flowing into the heating amount (1) may flow in a slightly upward direction. In this way, the swirling of the heated steam within the heating amount (1) will not be disturbed.

Next, Figure 1!84 shows another example. This example is an example in which superheated steam is blown into the heated amount (1) at high speed, and the raw material is dispersed by the velocity energy to effectively perform heat exchange. be.

The heating amount (1) is equipped with a steam artificial vibrator (4) on the side of the part, a steam 1 ol collection pipe (14) on the lower side, an opening (2) on the top end, and a raw material discharge +1 (5) on the bottom end. The raw material hopper (8) faces the open Fl (2).
and an input valve (15) communicating therewith, and a discharge valve (6) at the raw material discharge port (5). And the steam artificial vibe (4) and the recovery pipe (+
4) are communicated via the air blower 41 (18) to circulate the superheated steam.

In this example as well, the steam inlet vibrator (4) is connected tangentially to the outer peripheral surface of the heating amount (1) as shown in Fig. 2, and the raw material is supplied from two lμl parts of the heating amount (1). Because it is configured to feed, dispersion and rotation of raw materials -
1- Effective against increases in residence time due to falls, etc.

By the way, the steam inlet vibrator (4) is thin so that the blown superheated steam can reach a high velocity, and the steam recovery pipe (1
4) is more effective if the diameter of the outlet 11 is made large so that the raw material is not sucked into the blower (1B), and the tip thereof is opened downward within the heating amount (1).

Furthermore, as a modification of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, spraying water vapor onto the falling material from below in the direction F is also effective for dispersing the original material 4.

Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is an example in which the pressure inside the heating amount (1) is slightly higher than atmospheric pressure (several mmAq) to prevent outside air from entering the can.

The superheated steam is circulated by a blower (16) and
The pressure inside is detected by the detector (17) and the controller (18
) and a control valve (19) installed in the steam supply pipe (7) to adjust the supply of saturated steam.

In this example, the water vapor recovery pipe (+4) is opened n(
2) and inserted into the can (1). With this configuration, it is possible to prevent raw materials from adhering to the can water section f (20) of the steam recovery pipe (14) in FIG. 4 or 5.

Next, Figs. 7 and 8 show an example in which a plurality of heating amounts are arranged in series from the flow to the downstream to process the raw material in two stages.
As shown in the figure.

First, Fig. 7 shows an example in which raw materials are processed in two stages using a single heat source.
The openings (2
b) A charging valve (23) is provided facing the cyclone (21) and communicating with its raw material outlet (22) to form a second stage charging device (24).

First, the steam recovery pipe (14a) and the charging device (20) in the first stage heating amount (Ia) are connected by a conveying pipe (26) equipped with a blower (25), and this pipe (2B)
There is a pipe (28a) extending from the raw material outlet (5a) in the middle of the
) to connect. And gas output r' of cyclone (21)
1 (27) and heating amount (1b) steam inlet vibe (4b
), and the steam outlet (14b) and the super heater (13) 2 are connected by rotating the blower (28) to form a circulation system, and the heated amount (18) is suctioned and discharged by the blower (25). This is an embodiment in which the raw material heated to some extent in the can (Ia) by a stream of steam is fed to the heating volume (1b) and further heated there.

In this embodiment, depending on the degree of superheating of the superheater (13) associated with the heating amount (Ia), it is possible to use superheated steam for the heating amount (1a) and to use saturated steam for the heating amount (lb).

This embodiment is effective when there is a limit on the height of the heating amount (+) and the heating time must be increased.

In addition, the input device (24) for the heating amount (1b) is omitted, and the discharge [1 of the blower (25)] and the steam inlet (4b) are directly connected to introduce the raw material into the heating amount (1b) along with the steam flow. Good too.

Furthermore, the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is an example in which the heat sources are different, and superheated steam is used for the heating amount (Ia), and saturated steam is used for the heating amount (lb), which are independently circulated by blowers (28) and (30). In particular, the second-stage circulation system (31) also serves as a means for transporting the original 4 that has been heat-treated at the heating amount (la) to the heating amount (Ib).

Next, FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which the discharge valve is omitted. In this embodiment, another steam inlet (4゛) is provided in addition to the steam inlet vibrator (4), and its tip (32) within the heating amount (+) is opened so as to face the raw material discharge port (5). and is configured to eject water vapor toward the outlet (5). As a result, the draft effect can prevent outside air from entering through the raw material discharge port (5), and the object of the present invention can be achieved even without a discharge valve. Of course, the steam inlets (4) and (4') may be integrated into one unit.

Next, FIGS. 1O and 11 show examples for effective dispersion of raw materials. This example is effective for raw materials that are difficult to destroy or materials that can be destroyed.

Fig. 1O shows an example in which the stirrer (33) is installed in one part of the heating quantity (1), and Fig. 1+ shows an example in which the stirrer (33) is installed in a part of the heating quantity (1), and Fig. 1+ shows an example in which the raw material is dispersed in the steam flow and is added to the heating quantity (+) by the input valve (34). ), and in FIG.
Although +(2) is narrowed down to form a small size, this increases the resistance to exhaust air and makes it possible to increase the pressure inside the heating can (1) by +:yt and prevent the inflow of outside air.

Next, other embodiments of the heating can (1) are shown in FIGS. 12 to 15.

First of all, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, the inverted conical part of the do part of the heating can (1) is replaced by a perforated plate (35) with directionality.
It consists of a semi-enclosed water vapor chamber (36
), and a steam manifold r1 (4) is provided tangentially in communication with the steam chamber (36). This promotes the swirling flow of water vapor.

Next, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 15, an inner cylinder (37) is installed concentrically inside the heating can (1), and the outer wall of the heating can (1) (
A donut-shaped outer chamber (38) partitioned by an inner cylinder (38) and an inner cylinder (37) and an inner chamber (40) partitioned by an inner cylinder (37) are formed to be filled with water vapor to keep the device warm. This embodiment and the embodiment shown in FIG. By separating the condensed water and the condensed water, it is possible to prevent moisture from being absorbed by the raw material into the necessary equipment-L.

By the way, the granular material raw material vehicle 4 used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and may include grains such as soybeans, defatted soybeans, soybean meal, wheat, barley, rice, brown rice, and corn, and their pulverized products, fishmeal, Food raw materials such as small pieces of vegetables, bread crumbs, starch powder, koshiyo, curry powder, spices, etc., drugs or drug raw materials and their fillers, as well as feed and cosmetic raw materials, etc. It is also possible to use the above-mentioned raw materials that have been hydrated by other means.

In addition, the conditions for heat treatment are: first, if the purpose is to sterilize the raw material, the temperature is 400°C or less for 1-15 seconds, preferably 300°C or less.
Heat treatment for 2 to 5 seconds at a temperature below ℃.

On the other hand, when the purpose is to denature raw materials, grains are often used as raw materials, at temperatures below 450℃ for 1-10 seconds,
Preferably, the heat treatment is performed at 400° C. or lower for 2 to 7 seconds.

5 Next, when the method of the present invention is applied as a sterilization device, we will compare it with the conventional method (airflow heat treatment method) to see how effective it is in terms of sterilization effect, device cost, running cost, and product damage rate. The following is a comparison of experimental examples.

Incidentally, Experiments 1 to 3 were carried out using the apparatus shown in FIG. 3, and the airflow heat treatment method was carried out using the apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 34747/1983.

Tables 1 and 2 and FIG. 16 show the processing conditions and results when bread crumbs were heat-treated.

6] From Table 1, the power of the method of the present invention is that the installation cost and running cost are considerably easier compared to conventional methods, and the sterilization effect is also high despite pressureless treatment (gauge pressure). Substantially the same effect as the conventional processing force υ can be obtained.

Furthermore, as is clear from Table 2 and FIG. 16, according to the method of the present invention, there is almost no damage to the raw material, so that the particle size distribution is almost the same as that of the original material 4 before heat treatment. However, according to the conventional airflow heat treatment method, the original 1 is damaged, so that the original 4 is finer than the original 4 before the heat treatment.

Next, more specific examples will be shown to clarify the effects of the present application. Examples 1 to 7 show examples of sterilization, and Examples 8 to 9 show examples of heat denaturation.

Example 1 Sliced kamaboko (moisture: 7.5% w/w), which had been cut to a thickness of 5 mm and freeze-dried, was put into a heating can (inner diameter: 800 mm, height: 8 m) through which superheated steam was vented [ Via 1-r50. okg/h).

The raw material was heated for about 2.1 seconds while being dropped in a heating can, and then recovered through a discharge valve to obtain a product with a moisture content of 10.4% w/w.

Here, the supply amount of heating steam is 120 kg/h, and the input [1
The temperature was 210°C.

Example 2 Bran (moisture: 8.5% w/w, particle size: 16 mesh to 32 mesh) was introduced into a heating can (inner diameter: 600 mm, height: 8 m) through which saturated steam was vented. 60 kg/h. After heating the raw material for about 1.6 seconds while dropping it in a heating can, it is collected through the outlet and the water content is 12.5%w/
I got the product w. The number of general viable bacteria, which was 2.4 x 10' cells/g in original document 4, decreased to 1.8 x 102 cells/g.

In this example, since saturated steam was used, the temperature inside the heating can was maintained at approximately 100°C. Moreover, the amount of replenishment was aokg/h.

Example 3 Bread crumbs (moisture, 11.7% w/w, grain 1λ, 6 to 40 meshes) were passed through a raw material inlet into a heating can (inner diameter: 600 mm, height: 8 m) through which heated steam was vented. It is supplied at a rate of 50 kg/h. The raw material was heated for about 2.1 seconds while being dropped in a heating can, and then recovered through a discharge valve to obtain a product with a moisture content of 9.7% w/w.

The number of general viable bacteria in the raw material was 1.4XIO'/g, which was 5X
10/g, and a good product was obtained with no particle damage.

Here, the amount of heated steam supplied was 50 kg/h, and the inlet temperature was 165°C.

Example 4 A heating can (inner diameter: 800 mm, height: 12 m) A circulation system was formed in which heated steam was supplied from the steam input 1 provided in the tangential direction of the L part and sucked from below, and a blower was used to pump the inside of the system. circulate.

Then, powdered garlic (moisture near, 1% W/W, particle size 24 mesh to 60 mesh) was dispersed from the raw material input port through the straight part of the steam flow and fed at a rate of 40 kg/h.Next, the raw material was heated to a certain amount. After being heated for about 2.4 seconds while rotating and dropping, the product was recovered through a discharge valve to obtain a product with a moisture content of 8.5% W/W. 4.38 in raw materials
There were 10' bacteria/g = general bacteria count was 3. lXlO2 pieces/g
decreased to All of the coliform bacteria in the raw materials were negative.

Here, the amount of heated steam circulated in the circulation system is 120 kg.
/h, and the amount of replenishing saturated steam was 75 kg/h. The temperature of person 11 was 355°C, and the outlet temperature was 220°C.

Example 5 Amount of heating (inner diameter: 800 mm, height: 12 m) A circulating system was formed in which heated steam was provided from the steam inlet [I provided in the tangential direction of the h section and sucked from below, and a blower was used to draw the heated steam into the system. circulate. Furthermore, the steam supply system is controlled by a pressure controller to maintain the inside of the heating can at a minute pressure of 3 mmAq.

Then, 60 kg of green onion (water content: 7.5%), which has been cut into slices with a thickness of 3 mm and freeze-dried (moisture content: 7.5%), is dispersed from a portion of the steam flow from the raw material input f1. Approximately 2.
After being heat-treated for 8 seconds, it was collected through a discharge valve to obtain a product with a moisture content of 7.7% W/W. 6.3X10' in raw material
The general viable bacteria count was reduced to 3.0×10 cells/g.

Here, the amount of circulating acid in the heated steam in the circulation system is 110 kg.
/h, and the amount of replenishing saturated steam was 65 kg/h. The inlet temperature was 190°C and the outlet temperature was 120°C.

Example 6 Heating wheat (moisture: 11.8% w/w, whole grain) Heating amount with steam aeration (inner diameter: 600 mm, height: 8 m
) at a rate of 130 kg/h through the raw material input port. The raw material is heat-treated for about 2.4 seconds while dropping at a heating amount of 3.5%, and then collected through a discharge valve, and the water content is 12.5%. I got the product Ow/w. The number of general viable bacteria in original document 4 was 8.5 x 10'/g, which was 2. lX1
It decreased to 0 pieces/g.

Here, the amount of heated steam supplied is 120 kg/g, and 11 people
The temperature was 180°C and the outlet temperature was 142°C.

Example 7 Processed defatted soybean (moisture, 10.5% w/w, particle size: 1
2 meshes to 48 meshes) are fed at a rate of 130 kg/h to a heating chamber (inner diameter: 800 mm) through which heated steam is vented through a raw material input 11.

The raw material is heated for about 2.4 seconds while falling at a heated amount, and then collected through a discharge valve, and the moisture content is 11.4% w.
I got a /w product. The number of general viable bacteria in the raw material was 4.0 x 104 cells/g. The number of coliform bacteria decreased to 1X1O cells/g, and all coliform bacteria changed from positive to negative.

4 Here, the amount of heated steam supplied was 130 kg/h, and the inlet temperature was 210°C.

Example 8 This example was carried out using a two-stage apparatus shown in FIG.

The superheated steam is vented into the circulation system formed by the first and second stage heating amounts, blowers, and the like.

Next, crushed processed defatted soybeans (moisture; io, a% w/w,
After making the moisture content 25% w/w by sprinkling boiling water at 90°C on particles (particle size: 32 mesh or less), first feed them into the first stage heating amount (inner diameter: 600 mm, height: 8 m) through the raw material inlet. 50
After being supplied at a rate of kg/h and heat-treated for about 2.1 seconds,
The amount of heat is supplied to the second stage (inner diameter: 800 mm, height 12 m). After further heat treatment for about 2.7 seconds at the same heating amount, the water was collected through the discharge valve and the moisture was 22.5w/2.
Modified processed defatted soybeans of w were obtained. Using the defatted large σ as a raw material, soy sauce was produced by conventional means to obtain a good product.

Here, the circulation amount of superheated steam was 150 kg/h, and the replenishment amount was 125 kg/h. Also, the temperature is the first
285℃ at the inlet of the superheating can in the second stage, 217℃ at the exit
The temperature was 175°C at the entrance [J] and 130°C at the exit [1] of the superheated canister in the second stage.

Example 9 Flour (moisture, 12.8% w/w) was placed in a superheated can (inner diameter: 800 mm, height: 12 m) through which superheated steam was vented.
through the raw material input port at a rate of 100 kg/h. After heating the raw material for about 2.6 seconds while dropping it in a heating can, it is collected through a discharge valve and the water content is 10.4%W.
/W, modified wheat flour with a degree of gelatinization of 40.1% was obtained.

Here, superheated steam was supplied at a rate of 240 kg/h, and the input temperature was 350°C and the exit temperature was 210°C.And the specific measurement method was the preparation of 32 mesh passages adjusted by raw material analysis. Collect 500 mg of the material into two 1507 ml Erlenmeyer flasks, add 40 ml of water to each, and stir well. - Add 20 ml of measurement buffer, using force as the measuring section. Completely gelatinize the other, add 5 ml of 2N11 NaOH. , then IM acetic acid 16m
Add 1.

Add 5 ml of enzyme solution to both test solutions in a 37°C constant temperature bath and let them react. After 60 minutes, add 4 ml of 2N-NaOH to stop the reaction. Wash the 0 reaction product into a 100 ml volumetric flask to make a fixed volume. Filter through filter paper. The amount of sugar produced is quantified using 8 ml of the syrup using the modified BO140GY I method. Then, by substituting the quantified value into the formula, the degree of αization is obtained.

As explained above, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily heat-treat powdery substances using a device with a simpler structure than the conventional device, and the sterilization effect is equivalent to or better than that of the conventional device. In addition, since the contact time with high-temperature steam is longer, sufficient heat treatment can be performed. Especially for raw materials that do not want to lose their shape, such as bread crumbs, heating is not necessary because they are not forcibly dispersed and suspended under pressure. It exhibits many effects such as almost no difference in particle size distribution before and after heat treatment.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Fig. 1 is a flow sheet diagram of a heat treatment apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in Fig. 1, and Figs. 3 to 6 are heat treatment showing other embodiments. Flow sheet diagram of the apparatus, FIGS. 7 to 8 are flow sheet diagrams showing an embodiment in which the heating cans are arranged in two stages, and FIGS. 9 to 11 are flow sheet diagrams of the heat treatment apparatus showing other embodiments. , FIG. 12 is a diagram of another embodiment of the heating can, FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B of FIG.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 13, FIG. 15 is a graph showing another example of the heating can, and FIG. 16 is a graph corresponding to Table 2. In the drawing, 1 is the heating can, 2 is the opening, and 4 is the steamer 1-1.
Pipe 5 is a raw material discharge port, 6 is a discharge valve, 7 is a steam replenishment pipe 13 is a super heater, 14 is a steam outlet,
Reference numeral 15 indicates an input valve 18, a controller, and 19 a control valve.

Claims (10)

[Claims] (1) While supplying saturated steam, superheated steam, or a mixture of these into a cylindrical heating can opened to the atmosphere, a particulate material raw material is supplied from above the heating can, and this particulate material raw material is heated in the heating can. A falling type heat treatment method for powder and granular material, characterized in that the powder and granular material is allowed to fall naturally and subjected to heat treatment, and the heat-treated powder and granular material raw material is discharged from the lower part of the heating can. (2) The method for treating particulate matter by dropping according to claim 1, characterized in that the saturated steam, superheated steam, or a mixture thereof is supplied in a swirling manner within a heating can. (3) The first aspect of the present invention is characterized in that the saturated steam, superheated steam, or a mixture thereof supplied into the heating can is recovered and supplied again into the heating can together with new heating steam. 2. A falling heat treatment method for particulate matter as described in 2. (4) Falling of particulate material according to claim 1, characterized in that the saturated steam, heated steam, or mixed steam thereof supplied into the can is at a pressure slightly higher than atmospheric pressure. Type heat treatment equipment. (5) A plurality of the heating cans are provided, and the steam recovered from the heating can is used to transport the granular material raw material to the other heating cans. 2. The method for drop-type heat treatment of powdery material according to item 1. (6) A cylindrical heating can that is equipped with an input port for granular materials at the top, an outlet for heat-treated raw materials at the F section, and is further open to the atmosphere, and a saturator attached to a part of this heating can. 1. A falling type heat treatment apparatus for powder and granular materials, characterized by comprising an inlet vibrator for water vapor, water vapor, or a mixture thereof. (7) The droplet for particulate material according to claim 6, characterized in that the pipe is cylindrical, and the pipe is connected to the side wall of the can from a tangential direction. type heat treatment equipment. (8) A method for dropping particulate matter according to claim 6, characterized in that the end of the pre-heating chamber is opened, and a water vapor recovery pipe is vertically inserted into the heating can through this opening. Heat treatment equipment. (9) A plurality of the above-mentioned pre-heating pipes are provided, and the unheated water vapor recovery pipe on the -L flow side and the original document 4 input device on the downstream side are connected by a conveying pipe equipped with a blower, and the L 7. The drop type heat treatment apparatus for powdery material according to claim 6, characterized in that a pipe is connected to the original material 4 before heating on the downstream side. (10) A plurality of pre-heating sections are provided, and the downstream steam recovery pipe before heating is connected to the same original document 4 input device on the downstream side by a conveying pipe equipped with a blower, and a 7. The falling type heat treatment apparatus for powdery material according to claim 6, further comprising a pipe connected to a pipe from the raw material discharge 11 before heating on the second flow side.