JPS6152657B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for heat-treating particulate materials such as grains, foods, cosmetics, etc., and in particular, heat-sterilizes the raw materials of the particulate materials by dropping saturated steam, superheated steam, or mixed steam thereof at approximately atmospheric pressure. The present invention also relates to a method and apparatus for drop-type heat treatment of powder or granular materials for performing thermal denaturation or the like. As a method or apparatus for processing powdery material raw materials, the present applicant has proposed "Method and Apparatus for Producing Puffed Foods Using Air Stream Heating Method" (Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-34747), in which grain raw material particles are first heat-treated while being dispersed and suspended. We have already proposed an apparatus for producing puffed foods (hereinafter referred to as the airflow heat treatment method) (Japanese Patent Publication No. 26695/1983). Furthermore, as an application of the airflow heat treatment method, he applied for a ``method for heat sterilization of powder and granular materials'' (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 56-26180) or a ``sterilization device'' (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 57-153654). However, in all of the above devices, the raw materials are dispersed and suspended under pressure by forced airflow from the start to the end of heating, which requires a high-pressure and large blower, resulting in high equipment costs and running costs. Due to the mutual collision of particles, for example, in the case of fragile raw materials such as bread crumbs, the original shape is destroyed and the commercial value is lost, and the results are not always satisfactory. A recent example is ``Method and Apparatus for Heat Treatment of Cereals'' (Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 57-159463). This method uses high-pressure air as a heating medium and heat-processes grains in a cyclone.
According to this, the entire interior of the cyclone does not have a uniform temperature, and especially in the air retention area, it is cooled by the outside air and becomes low temperature, and the time that the raw material inside the cyclone comes into contact with the high-temperature air is limited, and furthermore, This method cannot necessarily be said to be effective since it may cause oxidation of the substance to be heated. The present invention was made to improve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and its purpose is to provide a simple structure without adding a large blower or the like as in the conventional method, and without damaging the raw material. The object of the present invention is to provide a method and apparatus for drop-type heat treatment of particulate matter, which can sufficiently perform heat treatment such as sterilization. In order to achieve such an object, the processing method according to the present invention introduces heating steam having a pressure substantially equal to atmospheric pressure into a cylindrical heating can, and introduces a raw material into the heating can,
The gist is that the heating water vapor is allowed to fall through the heating water vapor, and the processing apparatus according to the present invention has a cylindrical can that is equipped with a raw material input port in the upper part, a raw material recovery port in the lower part, and is open to the atmosphere. The gist is that the steam inlet pipe and the steam recovery pipe that has undergone heat exchange are connected. The present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. First, an example in which saturated steam is used as the heating medium for the raw material will be described with reference to FIG. 1 is a heating can for heating raw materials, and its overall shape is a vertical cylinder. Note that the cross-sectional shape may be rectangular or polygonal depending on the arrangement of the apparatus, but a circular shape is most suitable in consideration of the residence time due to the swirling movement of the raw material as described later. The upper end of the heating can 1 is open to the atmosphere, and the opening 2 serves as an inlet for the raw material and an outlet for the heating medium, ie, saturated steam, in this embodiment. On the other hand, the lower end 3 of the heating can 1 is preferably formed into a funnel shape for smooth discharge of raw materials. A steam inlet pipe 4 is connected to the lower side of the heating can 1, and a raw material outlet 5 is connected to the vertical direction of the lower end.
A raw material discharge valve 6 is provided at the discharge port 5 to prevent drafts. On the other hand, the steam inlet pipe 4 communicates with the boiler via a steam supply pipe 7, and is preferably connected to the heating can 1 from the tangential direction of the side surface of the heating can 1, as shown in FIG. With this configuration, the saturated steam swirls and rises in the heating can 1, and the raw materials fall while being dispersed and suspended by the air current, so the contact time with the saturated steam can be extended, and furthermore, the contact area can be increased by dispersion. It is also possible to increase the amount of heat, making effective heat treatment possible. Further, the height and cross-sectional area of the heating can 1 may be appropriately determined depending on the type or particle size of the raw material. A belt feeder 10 quantitatively supplies raw materials to the heating can 1, and is installed facing the opening 2 of the heating can 1. Reference numeral 11 denotes a suction port for collecting saturated steam discharged from the opening 2 of the heating can 1, which is disposed so as to cover the opening 2, and the suction is performed by the blower 12. The sucked saturated steam is released into the atmosphere, but it is preferable to exchange heat with water or air to effectively utilize exhaust heat. The present invention is constructed as described above, and first, saturated steam generated in the boiler is introduced into the heating can 1 through the steam inlet pipe 4. On the other hand, the raw material stored in the hopper 8 is supplied into the heating can 1 through the belt feeder 10, and is dispersed and suspended in the heating can 1 while falling naturally and is heated. The raw material is then discharged to the outside through the discharge valve 6 and recovered as a product. The condensed water of saturated steam generated during the above heat treatment is either absorbed by the raw material or released to the outside together with the product. The saturated steam that heated the raw material is discharged from the upper opening 2, and sucked in by the blower 2 as necessary to prevent condensation near the upper opening 2. Next, FIG. 3 shows an example in which superheated steam is used as the heating medium. In this embodiment, the configuration is the same as that shown in FIG. 1 except that the raw material is heated by converting saturated steam into superheated steam using a super heater (superheater) 13, and the superheated steam flowing into the heating can 1 heats the raw material The water changes to saturated water vapor, and thereafter this equilibrium state is maintained, and the heating can 1 is filled with saturated water vapor and water vapor. At this time, it goes without saying that if the temperature of the superheated steam is set above a certain level, the heating can 1 will be filled with the superheated steam. As described above, in the present application, saturated steam and superheated steam can be used as the heating medium. Although the steam inlet pipe 4 shown in FIGS. 1 and 3 is connected to the heating can 1 in a horizontal direction, it is placed at a slight incline, that is, the steam flowing into the heating can 1 is directed slightly upward. It may also be configured to flow in the state. In this way, the swirling of the heated steam in the heating can 1 will not be disturbed. Next, FIG. 4 shows another embodiment. This embodiment is an example in which superheated steam is blown into the heating can 1 at high speed, and the raw material is dispersed by the velocity energy, thereby effectively performing heat exchange. The heating can 1 is equipped with a steam inlet pipe 4 on the upper side, a steam recovery pipe 14 on the lower side, an opening 2 at the upper end, and a raw material outlet 5 at the lower end. A discharge valve 6 is installed at the communicating input valve 15 and at the raw material discharge port 5, respectively. Then, the steam inlet pipe 4 and the recovery pipe 14 are connected to the blower 1.
6 to circulate superheated steam. In this embodiment as well, the water vapor inlet pipe 4 is
As shown in the figure, it is connected tangentially to the outer peripheral surface of the heating can 1, and the raw material is supplied from directly above the heating can 1, so the residence time due to dispersion of the raw material and falling on the rotation is It is effective for increasing the number of people. By the way, the steam inlet pipe 4 is made thin so that the blown superheated steam can reach a high velocity, and the steam recovery pipe 14 has a large outlet diameter so that the blower 16 does not suck in the raw material, and its tip is placed downward in the heating can 1. It is even more effective if the opening is directed towards the Furthermore, as a modification of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, spraying water vapor from below to above the falling raw material is also effective for dispersing the raw material. Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is an example in which the pressure inside the heating can 1 is slightly higher than atmospheric pressure (several mmAq) to prevent outside air from entering the can. The superheated steam is circulated by the blower 16 and
The pressure inside is detected by the detector 17 and the controller 18
A control valve 19 interposed in the steam supply pipe 7 adjusts the amount of saturated steam supplied. In this embodiment, the water vapor recovery pipe 14 is inserted into the can 1 through the opening 2. With this configuration, it is possible to prevent the raw material from adhering to the horizontal portion 20 inside the can of the steam recovery pipe 14 in FIG. 4 or 5. Next, FIGS. 7 and 8 show an embodiment in which a plurality of heating cans are arranged in series from upstream to downstream to process raw materials in two stages. First, FIG. 7 shows an embodiment in which raw materials are treated in two stages using a single heat source. In this example, both the first stage (upstream side) and the second stage (downstream side) of the heating cans are those of the embodiment shown in Fig. 4, and the heating cans face the opening 2b of the second stage heating can 1b. Te cyclone 2
1 and its raw material discharge port 22, a charging valve 23 is provided to form a second stage charging device 24. First, the steam recovery pipe 14a and the charging device 24 in the first-stage heating can 1a are connected by a conveying pipe 26 equipped with a blower 25, and a pipe 26a extending from the raw material outlet 5a is connected in the middle of this pipe 26. and the gas outlet 27 of the cyclone 21
and the steam inlet pipe 4b of the heating can 1b,
Furthermore, the steam outlet 14b and the super heater 13
is connected by rotating the blower 28 to form a circulation system,
This is an embodiment in which the raw material heated to some extent in the heating can 1a by the steam flow suctioned and discharged from the heating can 1a by the blower 25 is supplied to the heating can 1b and further heated there. In this embodiment, depending on the degree of superheating of the superheater 13 attached to the heating can 1a, it is possible to use superheated steam in the heating can 1a and to use saturated steam in the heating can 1b. In this embodiment, there is a limit on the height of the heating can 1,
This is effective when heating time must be extended. Alternatively, the charging device 24 of the heating can 1b may be omitted, and the discharge port of the blower 25 and the steam inlet 4b may be directly communicated to introduce the raw material together with the steam flow into the heating can 1b. Furthermore, the embodiment shown in FIG. 8 is an example in which the heat sources are different, and superheated steam is supplied to the heating can 1a, and saturated steam is supplied to the heating can 1b by blowers 29 and 30, respectively.
In particular, the second stage circulation system 31
The raw material heat-treated in the heating can 1a is transferred to the heating can 1b.
It also serves as a means of transportation. Next, FIG. 9 shows an embodiment in which the discharge valve is omitted. In this embodiment, another steam inlet 4' is provided in addition to the steam inlet pipe 4, and its tip 32 in the heating can 1 is opened so as to face the raw material discharge port 5, and steam is directed toward the discharge port 5. Configure it to eject. As a result, the raw material discharge port 5 is
Infiltration of outside air can be further prevented, and the object of the present invention can be achieved even without a discharge valve. Of course, the steam inlets 4 and 4' may be integrated into one unit. Next, FIGS. 10 and 11 show examples for effective dispersion of raw materials. This embodiment is effective for materials that are difficult to destroy or materials that can be destroyed. FIG. 10 shows an example in which the stirrer 33 is installed at the top of the heating can 1, and FIG. 11 shows an example in which the raw material is dispersed in a steam flow and supplied to the heating can 1 via the input valve 34. show. Furthermore, in FIG. 11, the opening 2 is narrowed and made small, which increases the resistance to exhaust gas, increases the pressure inside the heating can 1, and prevents the inflow of outside air. Next, other examples of the heating can 1 are shown in 12th to 1st examples.
It is shown in Figure 5. First, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, the heating can 1
The lower inverted conical portion of the is constructed with a directional perforated plate 35, the outside of which is covered to form a semi-hermetic steam chamber 36, and a steam inlet 4 is connected to the steam chamber 36 tangentially. This is an example in which This is an example in which a water vapor inlet 4 is provided in this embodiment. This implementation promotes the swirling flow of water vapor. Next, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 15, an inner cylinder 37 is installed concentrically inside the heating can 1, and a donut-shaped outer chamber 39 and an inner chamber are partitioned by an outer wall 38 and an inner cylinder 37 of the heating can 1. The inner chamber 40 divided by the cylinder 37 is formed to be filled with water vapor to effectively keep the device warm, and if necessary, the condensed water of the water vapor in the heating can 1 is guided to the outer chamber 39 and discharged to the outside. This is an example of a configuration configured to do so. According to this embodiment and the embodiment shown in FIG. 12, raw material and condensed water can be separated and water can be prevented from being absorbed into the raw material more than necessary. By the way, the granular material raw material used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and may include grains such as soybeans, defatted soybeans, soybean meal, wheat, barley, rice, brown rice, and corn, and their pulverized products, fishmeal, vegetables, etc. Food raw materials such as bread crumbs, starch powder, koshiyo, curry powder, and spices, medicines or pharmaceutical raw materials and their fillers, as well as feed and cosmetic raw materials, etc., and if necessary, by normal means. The raw materials added with water can also be used. The conditions for the heat treatment are such that if the purpose is to sterilize the raw materials, heat treatment is performed at 400° C. or lower for 1 to 15 seconds, preferably at 300° C. or lower for 2 to 5 seconds. On the other hand, when the purpose is to modify raw materials, grains are often used as raw materials, and heat treatment is performed at 450°C or lower for 1 to 10 seconds, preferably at 400°C or lower for 2 to 7 seconds. Next, when the method of the present invention is applied as a sterilization device, we will compare it with the conventional method (airflow heat treatment method) to see how effective it is in terms of sterilization effect, device cost, running cost, and product damage rate. For comparison, an experimental example is shown below. The experiment was carried out using the apparatus shown in FIG. 3, and the airflow heat treatment method was carried out using the apparatus disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-34747. Tables 1, 2, and 1 show the processing conditions and results when bread crumbs are heat-treated.
It is shown in Figure 6.

【table】

【table】

[Table] Table 1 shows that the method of the present invention has significantly lower equipment costs and running costs than the conventional method.
Regarding the sterilization effect, substantially the same effect as the conventional method of pressure treatment can be obtained despite the non-pressure treatment (gauge pressure). Furthermore, as is clear from Table 2 and FIG. 16, according to the method of the present invention, there is almost no damage to the raw material, so that the raw material exhibits almost the same particle size distribution as the raw material before heat treatment. However, according to the conventional air flow heat treatment method, the raw material is broken and the particles are made finer than the raw material before the heat treatment. Next, more specific examples will be shown to clarify the effects of the present application. Examples 1 to 7 show examples of sterilization, and Examples 8 to 9 show examples of heat denaturation. Example 1 Sliced kamaboko (moisture: 7.5% w/w), which was cut to a thickness of 5 mm and freeze-dried, was placed in a heating can (inner diameter: 600 mm, height: 8 mm) through which superheated steam was vented.
m) through the raw material input port at a rate of 50.0 kg/h). While dropping the raw materials in a heating can, approx.
After heating for 2.1 seconds, it was collected through a discharge valve to obtain a product with a moisture content of 10.4% w/w. Here, the amount of heated steam supplied was 120 kg/h, and the inlet temperature was 210°C. Example 2 Bran (moisture: 8.5% w/w, particle size: 16 to 32 mesh) was introduced into a heating can (inner diameter: 600 mm, height: 8 m) through which saturated steam was vented through a valve and raw material input port. It is supplied at a rate of 60Kg/h. After heating the raw material for about 1.6 seconds while dropping it in a heating can, it is collected through the outlet and the water is removed.
A product of 12.5% w/w was obtained. 2.4× ¹⁰⁴ in raw material
The number of general viable bacteria/g decreased to 1.8×10 ² cells/g. In this example, since saturated steam was used, the temperature inside the heating can was maintained at approximately 100°C. Also, the supply amount is 80
It was Kg/h. Example 3 Bread crumbs (moisture: 11.7% w/w, particle size: 6 to 40 mesh) were heated at 50 kg/kg through a raw material input port into a heating can (inner diameter: 600 mm, height: 8 m) that was ventilated with heated steam. Supply at a rate of h. The raw material is heated for about 2.1 seconds while falling in a heating can, then collected through a discharge valve, and the moisture content is 9.7% w/w.
products were obtained. The number of general viable bacteria in the raw material, which was 1.4 x ¹⁰⁴ /g, was reduced to 5 x 10/g, and a good product was obtained with no particle damage. Here, the amount of superheated steam supplied was 50 kg/h, and the inlet temperature was 165°C. Example 4 A circulation system is formed in which heating steam is supplied from the steam inlet provided in the tangential direction at the top of a heating can (inner diameter: 800 mm, height: 12 m) and sucked from below, and the system is circulated by a blower. . Then, powdered garlic (water content: 7.1% w/w, particle size 24 to 60 mesh) is supplied from the raw material inlet directly above the steam flow at a rate of 40 kg/h while being dispersed. Next, the raw material was heated for about 2.4 seconds while rotating in a heating can, and then recovered through a discharge valve to obtain a product with a moisture content of 8.5% w/w. The general number of bacteria in the raw material was 4.3× ¹⁰⁴ /g.
It decreased to 3.1×10 ² pieces/g. All of the coliform bacteria in the raw materials were negative. Here, the amount of heated steam circulating in the circulation system is
The amount of saturated steam supplied was 75 kg/h at 120 kg/h. The inlet temperature was 355°C and the outlet temperature was 220°C. Example 5 A heating can (inner diameter: 800 mm, height: 12 m) A circulation system is formed in which heated steam is provided from the steam inlet provided in the tangential direction at the top and sucked from below, and the system is circulated by a blower. . Furthermore, the steam supply system is controlled by a pressure controller to maintain the inside of the heating can at a minute pressure of 3 mmAq. Then, green onions (moisture content: 7.5%), which have been cut into rounds with a thickness of 3 mm and then freeze-dried, are supplied from the raw material input port directly above the steam flow at a rate of 60 kg while being dispersed. Next, the raw material was heated in a heating can for about 2.8 seconds while rotating and falling, and then recovered through a discharge valve to obtain a product with a moisture content of 7.7% w/w.
The number of general bacteria in the raw material was 6.3× ¹⁰⁴ /g, which was 3.0×
It decreased to 10 pieces/g. Here, the amount of heated steam circulating in the circulation system is
110Kg/h, and the amount of saturated steam supplied was 65Kg/h. Also, the inlet temperature is 190℃ and the outlet temperature is 120℃.
It was hot. Example 6 Wheat (moisture: 11.8% w/w, whole grain) was fed at a rate of 130 kg/h through a raw material input port to a heating can (inner diameter: 600 mm, height: 8 m) that was vented with heated steam. do. The raw material was heated for about 2.4 seconds while being dropped in a heating can, and then recovered through a discharge valve to obtain a product with a moisture content of 12.0 w/w. 8.5 in raw materials
The number of general viable bacteria from × ¹⁰⁴ cells/g decreased to 2.1×10 cells/g. Here, the amount of heated steam supplied was 120 kg/g, the inlet temperature was 180°C, and the outlet temperature was 142°C. Example 7 Processed defatted soybean (moisture: 10.5% w/w, particle size: 12
~48 mesh) is fed at a rate of 130 kg/h through a raw material input port to a heating can (inner diameter: 800 mm) through which heated steam is vented. The raw material was heated for about 2.4 seconds while falling in a heating can, and then recovered through a discharge valve to obtain a product with a moisture content of 11.4% w/w. The number of general viable bacteria in the raw material, which was 4.0 x 10 ⁴ cells/g, decreased to 2.1 x 10 cells/g, and all coliform bacteria changed from positive to negative. Here, the amount of heated steam supplied was 130 kg/h, and the inlet temperature was 210°C. Example 8 This example was carried out using the two-stage apparatus shown in FIG.
Superheated steam is vented into a circulation system formed by first and second stage heating cans, blowers, etc. Next, crushed processed defatted soybeans (moisture; 10.8% w/
After making the moisture content 25% w/w by sprinkling boiling water at 90℃ on particles (particle size: 32 mesh or less), first insert the raw material inlet into the first stage heating can (inner diameter: 600 mm, height: 8 m). After being heated at a rate of 50 kg/h for about 2.1 seconds, the second heating can (inner diameter: 800 mm,
Height: 12m). Approx. further in the heating can
After heat treatment for 2.7 seconds, the soybeans were collected through a discharge valve to obtain modified defatted soybeans with a water content of 22.5 w/w. Soy sauce was produced using the defatted soybeans as a raw material by conventional means, and a good product was obtained. Here, the circulation rate of superheated steam was 150 kg/h, and the replenishment rate was 125 kg/h. The temperature is 285℃ at the inlet of the first stage superheater and 217℃ at the outlet.
℃, 175℃ at the inlet of the second stage superheater, 130℃ at the outlet
It was warm at ℃. Example 9 Flour (moisture: 12.8% w/w) was placed in a superheated can (inner diameter: 800 mm, height: 12 mm) through which superheated steam was vented.
m) through the raw material input port at a rate of 100 kg/h. Approximately 2.6 hours while dropping the raw material in a superheated can
After heating for seconds, the flour was collected through a discharge valve to obtain modified wheat flour with a water content of 10.4% w/w and a degree of gelatinization of 40.1%. Here, superheated steam was supplied at 240 kg/h, the inlet temperature was 350°C, and the outlet temperature was 210°C. Further, the degree of gelatinization is calculated by the following formula. Degree of gelatinization = Sugar amount in measurement area / Sugar amount in complete gelatinization area x 100 (%
) The specific measurement method is to collect 500 mg of the prepared material that has passed through 32 meshes into two 150 ml Erlenmeyer flasks, and add water to each.
Add 40ml and stir well. One side is the measurement area,
Add 20 ml of measurement buffer. Completely gelatinize the other side, add 5 ml of 2N NaOH, and then add 16 ml of 1M acetic acid. Add 5 ml of enzyme solution to both test solutions in a 37°C constant temperature bath and allow them to react, and after 60 minutes, add 4 ml of 2N NaOH to stop the reaction. Wash the reaction mixture into a 100 ml volumetric flask to a constant volume, and filter through No. 5A filter paper. The amount of sugar produced is determined using 8 ml of the filtrate using a modified BOMOGYI method.
Then, the quantified value is substituted into the above formula to obtain the degree of αization. As explained above, according to the present invention, it is possible to easily heat-treat powdery substances using an apparatus having a simpler structure than conventional apparatuses, and the sterilization effect, etc., is equivalent to or better than that of conventional apparatuses. In addition, since the contact time with high-temperature steam is longer, sufficient heat treatment can be performed.In particular, for raw materials such as bread crumbs that do not want to lose their shape, heat treatment is necessary because they are not forcibly dispersed and suspended under pressure. It exhibits many effects such as almost no difference in particle size distribution before and after heat treatment.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a flow sheet diagram of a heat treatment apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in Fig. 1, and Figs. 3 to 6 are heat treatment showing other embodiments. Flow sheet diagram of the device, Figures 7 to 8 are flow sheet diagrams showing an embodiment in which the heating cans are arranged in two stages, Figure 9
11 is a flow sheet diagram of a heat treatment apparatus showing another embodiment, FIG. 12 is a diagram of another embodiment of a heating can, FIG. 13 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. 13, FIG. 15 is a diagram of another embodiment of the heating can, and FIG. 16 is a graph corresponding to Table 2. In the drawing, 1 is a heating can, 2 is an opening, 4 is a steam inlet pipe, 5 is a raw material outlet, 6 is a discharge valve,
7 is a steam replenishment pipe, 13 is a super heater, 14 is a steam outlet, 15 is an input valve, 18
is a controller, and 19 is a control valve.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. Supplying saturated steam, superheated steam, or mixed steam of these into a cylindrical heating can opened to the atmosphere, and supplying a particulate material raw material from above the heating can;
Dropping type heating of powder and granular materials, characterized in that the powder and granular materials are allowed to fall naturally in a heating can, subjected to heat treatment, and the heat-treated powder and granular materials are discharged from the bottom of the heating can. Processing method. 2. The method for falling heat treatment of granular materials according to claim 1, wherein the saturated steam, superheated steam, or a mixture thereof is supplied in a swirling manner within a heating can. 3. The saturated steam, superheated steam, or mixed steam thereof supplied into the heating can is recovered and supplied again into the heating can together with new heating steam. A falling heat treatment method for powdery and granular materials. 4. Falling heating of granular material according to claim 1, characterized in that the saturated steam, heated steam, or mixed steam thereof supplied into the can is at a pressure slightly higher than atmospheric pressure. Processing method. 5. Claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of heating cans are provided, and the steam recovered from one heating can is used to transport the powdered material raw material to the other heating cans. The falling heat treatment method for powdery material described above. 6. A cylindrical heating can that is equipped with an input port for granular materials at the top and an outlet for heat-treated raw materials at the bottom and is open to the atmosphere, and a saturated steam or water vapor installed in a part of this heating can. or an inlet pipe for mixed steam of these. 7. The falling type heat treatment apparatus for granular materials according to claim 6, wherein the can has a cylindrical shape, and the inlet pipe is tangentially connected to a side wall of the can. 8. The falling-type heat treatment apparatus for powder and granular materials according to claim 6, wherein the heating can has an opening at its upper end, and a steam recovery pipe is vertically inserted into the heating can from this opening. . 9 A plurality of the heating cans are provided, and the steam recovery pipe of the upstream heating can and the raw material input device on the downstream side are connected by a conveying pipe equipped with an air blower, and the heating can of the upstream side is connected in the middle of this conveying pipe. 7. The falling type heat treatment apparatus for granular materials according to claim 6, further comprising a pipe connected to a raw material discharge port. 10 A plurality of the heating cans are provided, and the steam recovery pipe of the heating can on the downstream side and the raw material input device on the downstream side are connected by a conveying pipe equipped with a blower,
7. The drop-type heat treatment apparatus for powder and granular materials according to claim 6, wherein a pipe from a raw material discharge port of a heating can on the upstream side is connected in the middle of the conveying pipe.