JPS58111667A - Method and apparatus for heat-treatment of granular substance - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To carry out the heat sterilization, heat denaturation, etc. of granular substance, by heating the granular substance with a heat medium such as superheated steam, hot air, etc. under pressure. CONSTITUTION:The raw material is introduced from the hopper 5 to the heating pipe 3, and heat-treated. After the first heat-treatment in the air-flow heater 1, the raw material is introduced into the cyclone 4 to separate the superheated steam, and fed through the intermediate valve 7 to the heating chamber 8, in which it is fluidized and heated with superheated steam introduced through the perforated plate 15 and transferred to the raw material outlet 12 by the action of the raw material transferring means 16. The raw material subjected to the second heat-treatment in the fluidized heating apparatus 6 is discharged through the valve 9 to the atmosphere having lower pressure, e.g. in open air, and recovered as the product.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention involves pressurizing and heating raw materials such as grains, foods, cosmetics, etc. using a heating medium such as superheated steam or high-temperature air, and heat-sterilizing and heating these powder and granular materials. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for heat treatment of powdery substances for denaturation, etc.

In this tkJH method, the raw materials are first heat-treated while being fluidized [Puffed food manufacturing equipment (Special Publication No. 45-26695)], or the raw materials are heat-treated by being placed in an air stream [Puffing using the air flow heating method]. Food manufacturing method and equipment
No. 4747)] and obtained a patent.

However, since all of the above devices are single-stage devices, if the temperature of the heating medium is set at a temperature higher than the mouth temperature of the heating medium, that is, the temperature of the heating medium immediately after separation into the heating medium and the raw material, the mixing ratio (= weight of raw material / heated Generally speaking, the inlet temperature of the heating medium, that is, the temperature of the heating medium immediately before it comes into contact with the raw material, must be set high, although it depends on the specific heat of the raw material (weight of the medium) or the specific heat of the raw material.

As an example, when wheat is processed using the air current heating method, if the steam pressure is 6.5 atg, the temperature at the mouth of the heating medium is set to 22 o C, and the mixing ratio is set to 1.0, the maximum temperature in the main heating system is The inlet temperature of the heating medium is 33
It is also necessary to set it above 0C. In such a case, it is not convenient to treat raw materials that are sensitive to thermal denaturation, and if the temperature of the heating medium is too high, the moisture content of the raw material will evaporate and decrease, resulting in a decrease in the degree of swelling of the product (= the apparent appearance of the raw material). Density/apparent density of product) also decreases, which is inconvenient. For example, when wheat is heat-treated and used to make soy sauce, it is preferable that the heating medium be at a low temperature in view of the heat resistance of the constituent members, especially the sealing material.

The present applicant also applied for and obtained a patent for a method for improving the above-mentioned invention, ``Cereal Puffing Treatment Method (Japanese Patent Publication No. 42814/1983)'' in which raw materials are sequentially heat-treated with superheated steam and then with saturated steam.

However, the products treated by the above method have a drawback in that they retain a large amount of water.

Therefore, in view of the above-mentioned current situation, the inventor of the present invention, as a result of intensive research, has found
No. 34747) can be used alone or in appropriate combinations to form a multi-stage heating system, and the temperature of the heating medium used in the final stage of the device is maximized, and the temperature of the heating medium used in the previous stage devices is increased sequentially. Even if the temperature of the heating medium at the exit of the final stage device is set to the same temperature as in the conventional method, the maximum temperature of the heating medium in the heating system of the present application can be lowered by heating the raw material. The present invention was made based on the knowledge that it is possible to set the temperature lower than when using conventional methods.

That is, the present invention involves subjecting powdered or granular materials to pressure and heat treatment with a heating medium under pressure, then pressure and heat treatment at least once with a higher temperature heating medium, and then releasing the material under low pressure. Features.

The present invention is particularly applicable to raw materials that are sensitive to thermal denaturation, such as defatted soybeans, which are susceptible to protein hyperdenaturation, brown rice, which is susceptible to vitamin destruction, and vegetables, and grains, such as wheat and corn. Suitable for raw material processing that requires high precision.

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

The granular material raw material used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and includes grains such as soybeans, defatted soybeans, soybean meal, wheat, barley, rice, brown rice, and corn, and granulated products thereof, fishmeal, vegetables, etc. These include food raw materials such as powder, starch powder, koshiyo, black hazel, and curry powder, or drugs or drug raw materials and their fillers, as well as feed and cosmetic raw materials, etc. Accordingly, the above-mentioned raw materials added with water by conventional means are used.

As the heating medium that can be used to heat-treat the raw material, high-temperature air, high-temperature gas, etc. can be considered, but superheated steam is particularly preferred from the viewpoint of preventing oxidation of the raw material or convenience of handling.

Also, the conditions for heat treatment are 1. When the purpose is to sterilize raw materials, a relatively low pressure is preferable, and in the case of superheated steam treatment, the pressure is 4 atg or less and the temperature is 260C or less for 3 seconds to 5 minutes, preferably a pressure of 0.5 to 3. .5a
tg, and heat treatment at a temperature of 240C or less for 5 seconds to 1 minute.

On the other hand, when the purpose is to modify raw materials, grains are often used as raw materials, but in the case of superheated steam, the treatment is carried out at a pressure of 2 to 10 atg and a temperature of 310C or less for 3 seconds to 5 minutes, preferably at a pressure of 4. ~8atg, temperature 290
Heat treatment is performed for 5 seconds to 1 minute at a temperature below C.

The heating means used in the present invention includes airflow heating means,
The airflow heating means is a fluid heating means, in which a high-temperature and high-pressure heating medium, such as superheated steam, is passed through a heating pipe, the raw material is put into the pipe, and the raw material is allowed to stay there for a short time while being transported by airflow, and then heated. This is a heat treatment method in which the particles are collected using a cyclone or the like and released under low pressure. On the other hand, the fluid heating means supplies the raw material to form an even layer on a perforated plate having a large number of holes in a closed container, and adds a heating medium and a heating medium to the layer from below.
For example, this is a heat treatment method in which superheated water (1:1 steam), high-temperature air, etc. is aerated and fluidized, and after residence for a certain period of time, it is released under low pressure.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below based on the accompanying drawings.

First, FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a heat treatment apparatus for treating raw materials first with an air flow heating means and then with a fluid heating means.

In the figure, 1 is an airflow type heating device, which includes an input valve 2 for supplying raw materials into the device 1, a heating valve 3 through which superheated steam as a heating medium is vented, and separation into superheated steam and raw materials. It is composed of a cyclone 4 and a force 1, and the upstream part 3a of the heating vibro is an input nozzle.

The gas outlet 2a of No. 2 and the downstream portion 6b are in communication with the gas port 4a of the cyclone 4, respectively.

As the input pulp 2, it is preferable to use the [Powder and Granule Conveying and Feeding Device] (Japanese Patent Publication No. 52-9917, hereinafter referred to as an airflow type valve) by the present applicant; "Transfer device with ejection device"
No. 27, hereinafter referred to as Forced Ejection 2 Nokurubu. ) can also be used, and even a normal rotor IJ-/<lub can also be used. In Figure 1, the input valve (air flow type for loop 2) (a lube was used. In addition, the input valve was used) (if a forced discharge type valve was used for loop 2, the valve was heated as shown in Figure 2). It is sufficient to install it in an inverted T-shape on the pipe 6.

In addition, 5 in the figure is a raw material hotsunoshi that holds raw materials, and 6
is a fluidized heating device, which includes an intermediate valve 7 for guiding the raw material separated by the cyclone 4 to the device 6;
It is composed of a heating can 8 that heat-processes the raw material while flowing it, and a discharge valve 9 that discharges the heat-treated raw material to a low-pressure section.

The heating can 8 has a raw material inlet 10 and a superheated steam outlet 11 at the upper part, and a raw material outlet 12 and a superheated steam outlet 13 at the lower part, the intermediate valve 7 is connected to the raw material input port 10, and the discharge valve 9 is connected to the raw material outlet. 12 are installed respectively. It should be noted that these valves 7.9 are preferably the forced discharge type valves described above.

Also, inside the heating can 8, there are many ventilation holes 1 as shown in FIG.
A perforated plate 15 on which the raw materials are stacked is installed horizontally, and a part of the perforated plate 15 is provided with a sunset 20 facing the raw material discharge port 12.

On the other hand, 16 is a raw material transfer device that transfers the input raw material on a perforated plate 15, which includes a shaft 17 provided perpendicularly to the center of the heating mortar 8 and a flat plate-shaped vertical wall provided radially around the shaft 17. 18, and this 16 is configured to be rotatable around a shaft 17.

Reference numeral 19 denotes an inner wall provided on the inner periphery of the heating mortar 8, which is a device for effectively keeping the raw material warm.The lower part of this wall is fixed and integrated with the circumferential part of the perforated plate 15. There is. The outer circumferential surface 18a and lower end surface 18b of the vertical wall 18 are constructed so as to be in approximately sliding contact with the inner wall 19 and the perforated plate 15, respectively.

21 is connected to a motor (not shown) and is connected to a raw material transfer device t16.
A power transmission device such as a pulley or gear that drives the
22 is a chute that guides the raw material to the raw material discharge port 12.

Further, 26 is a blower for circulating superheated steam within the system, and 24 is a superheater for reheating the steam whose temperature has decreased.

Furthermore, 25 is a superheated steam replenishment pipe, which replenishes the steam released from the discharge valve 12 when the raw material is discharged outside the system, and is connected to a boiler (not shown), and is connected to the superheater 24.
Superheated steam heated to a predetermined temperature is introduced into the system.

Next, the connection between the devices described above will be explained.

The superheated steam outlet 11 of the heating mill 8 is connected to the upstream portion 3a of the heating pipe 3 via the circulation pipe 26 and the input valve 2, and the raw material outlet 4b of the cyclone 4 is connected to the raw material input port 10 and the intermediate valve 7 through the are connected in communication.

On the other hand, the gas outlet 4c of the cyclone 4 is connected to the suction port of the blower 23 via the circulation pipe 27, and the discharge port of the blower 23 is connected to the steam port 13 via the circulation pipe 28. The superheated steam flowing through the pipe 28 through the vessel 24 is heated.

The operation of this heat treatment apparatus will be described below.

First, saturated steam generated in the boiler is heated by the superheater 24 to become superheated steam, which is introduced into the system through the superheated steam replenishment pipe 25. This superheated steam is transferred to the blower 23.
Due to the action of the circulation pipe 28, heating mill 8, circulation pipe 2
6. Circulate within the system in the following order: input valve 2, heating pipe 3, cyclone 4, circulation pipe 27, and blower 26.

- On the other hand, the raw material in the raw material hopper 5 is first introduced into the heating pipe 3 via the input valve 2 and is heated there. The superheated steam used in this heating pipe 3 has been used once in a heating mill 8, which will be described later, and therefore the temperature of this steam is lower than when it was used in the heating mill 8.

The raw material subjected to the first stage heat treatment in the airflow heating device 1 is introduced into the cyclone 4, where it is separated from superheated steam, and then passed through the intermediate valve 7 and fed into the heating mill 8. The input raw material is fluidized by superheated steam vented through the perforated plate 15 and is heat-treated, and is sequentially transferred toward the raw material discharge port 12 by the action of the raw material transfer device 16.

The superheated steam used in the fluidized heating device 6 is supplied to the superheater 24.
Since the steam is used immediately after being heated, the temperature is higher than the superheated steam in the airflow heating device 1.

The raw material subjected to the second stage heat treatment in the fluidized heating device 6 is discharged through the discharge valve 9 to a lower pressure, for example, atmospheric pressure, and is recovered as a product.

In this embodiment, superheated steam at a lower temperature is used in the treatment by the airflow heating device 111 than in the treatment in the fluidized heating device 6, but depending on the raw material to be treated in the heating pipe 3, this superheated steam may turn into saturated steam. There is no harm in changing.

Next, FIG. 4 shows another embodiment.

In this embodiment, contrary to the first embodiment described above, a fluid heating device 6 is placed in the first stage, and an air flow heating bag @1 is placed in the second stage, and the raw material is heat-treated. .

Therefore, a forced discharge type input valve 60 is installed at the raw material input port 10 of the heating mill 8; an airflow type intermediate valve 31 is installed at the raw material discharge port 12.
The gas outlet 4C of the cyclone 4 is connected to the steam outlet 13 of the heating mortar 8, and the steam outlet 11 of the heating can 8 and the suction port of the blower 23 are connected to each other.

On the other hand, the discharge port of the blower 26 and the upstream part 3a of the heating pipe B
are connected to each other via a circulation pipe 36 and an intermediate valve 31, and the circulation pipe 33 passes through the superheater 24,
The superheated steam flowing through 3 is heated. The superheated steam immediately after heating is then supplied to the second stage airflow type heating device 1.

Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 is an example in which airflow heating devices are arranged in both the first stage and the second stage, and the input valve 40 in the first stage airflow heating device 11a and the second stage airflow heating device 1b An airflow type valve is used as the input valve 41 in , and a forced discharge type valve is used as the discharge valve 42 of the second stage heating device 1b. And the second stage airflow heating device 1b
The gas outlet 44□b of the cyclone 44 is connected to the upstream part 3a' of the heating pipe 3 via the input valve 40"1, and the cyclone 43 in the first stage airflow heating device 1a
The gas outlet 43b of the blower 23 and the suction port of the blower 23 are
3 and the upstream portion 3e of the heating pipe 3d are communicated with each other via an intermediate valve 41 to constitute the apparatus of this embodiment.

Next, the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 is an example in which the airflow type heating device 1 is arranged in three stages, and the following embodiments can be implemented in any number of stages with the same configuration. In this embodiment, first, the superheated steam immediately after being heated by the superheater 24 is guided to the final stage airflow heating device 1C, and then the superheated steam is repeatedly used by sequentially sending air to the previous stage, and the first stage airflow The system is configured to use the lowest superheated steam in the type heating device 1a.

In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 5 and 6 in which the airflow heating device is disposed at a stage other than the final stage, similar to the embodiment shown in FIG.
The superheated steam may be changed to saturated steam, and even if the saturated steam is introduced into the heating pipe, heat treatment is possible.

Next, FIGS. 7 and 8 show embodiments in which fluid heating devices are arranged in two stages and three stages, respectively. In these embodiments,
All valves are forced discharge type valves.
In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, an air current heating device or a fluid heating device may be appropriately selected and used for the third stage or higher stages.

Next, FIGS. 9 to 16 show embodiments of other flow type heating devices.

First, in the apparatus shown in FIG. 9, the vertical wall 18 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 is fixed, and a gap 91 is provided between the lower end of the wall 18 and the upper surface of the perforated plate 15. In this case, the input section 92 and the discharge section 93 are separated by a partition wall 94.

The raw material input into the heating can 8 from the raw material input port 10 is introduced from the superheated steam volume 16, and the amount of superheated steam []
The steam discharged from 11 flows between the vertical walls 95 and is heated. Then, the raw materials pass through the gap 91, are sequentially guided to the raw material discharge port 12, and are discharged to the outside of the heating can 8.

On the other hand, in the apparatus shown in FIG. 12, the perforated plate 15 is made movable in the apparatus shown in FIG.
It is installed on the side of the In addition, 121 in the figure is the perforated plate 15.
This is the motor that drives the rotation.

The device shown in FIG. 14 is the same as the device shown in FIG. 9 except that rotary blades 141 are provided radially below the shaft 17 and rotate within the gap 91. In this device, the raw material is forced to the raw material outlet 12 by the rotary blade 141.
be led to.

Furthermore, the apparatus shown in FIG. 15 shows yet another embodiment of the fluidized heating apparatus, in which a perforated plate 151 is fixed to a heating can 158 via screws 159, and the perforated plate 151 is vibrated by a motor 152 or the like. , the raw material input from the raw material input port 156 is transferred to the raw material discharge port 154 by vibration and heat-treated while being fluidized by a heating medium.The heating medium is introduced from the heating medium port 155, and the heating medium is heated. It is discharged to the outside from the medium outlet 156.

In this embodiment, even if the perforated plate 1511 is horizontal, the raw material is transferred to the raw material outlet 154.As shown in FIG. Then, transfer the raw materials! t'! done effectively.

Here, we will examine how effective the heat treatment method according to the present invention is in terms of product digestibility, degree of gelatinization, residual vitamins, etc., and how effective it is when used in the production of soy sauce. (Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-34747) and a fluidized heat treatment method (Japanese Patent Publication No. 45-26695) are shown below using experimental examples.

Experimental example 1: First, the experimental results for the case where wheat was heat treated were
Shown in the table.

From the results in Table 1, it is clear that the conventional method requires superheated steam at a considerably higher temperature than the method of the present invention, and due to excessive heating, the raw material is overdenatured and becomes difficult to be decomposed by the Aspergillus enzyme. The degree of nitrogen dissolution or utilization of nitrogen is lower than that of the method of the present invention, and the degree of swelling is also lower.

In contrast, the wheat processed by the method of the present invention does not have excessive denaturation of protein, does not leave any undenatured protein, and has excellent digestibility, degree of gelatinization, nitrogen dissolution utilization rate, etc. by moderate heating. It is.

The digestibility shown in Table 1 is measured by the following procedure. That is, denatured wheat after heat treatment is dried under reduced pressure at low temperature and then crushed, 1 g of this powder is taken into a shaking test tube, and 10 ml of phosphate buffer (pH 7.2) of Q.
Attach 0 ml and 1 ml of tri'ol and seal. The test tube was kept at 37C for 7 days with gentle shaking to allow enzymatic degradation. Next, distilled water is added to the separated liquid to make a total volume of 100 ml, and the separated liquid is separated into a liquid phase and a solid phase by centrifugation. Add 15 ml of 1.2 mol trichloroacetic acid to 30 ml of the liquid phase, filter off the precipitate (undegraded protein), take 5 ml of the filtrate, and measure the nitrogen content by the Kelpool method. A blind test is conducted in the same manner without adding the powder sample, and the value obtained by subtracting the latter value from the former value is defined as A. On the other hand, the nitrogen content in 1 g of the powder sample is measured by the Kelpool method, the value is designated as B, and the digestibility is calculated using the following formula.

X30 Digestibility (throat = 7 x lo.

The degree of gelatinization is measured as follows.

That is, 50 mL of prepared sample t was added to two 150 ml Erlenmeyer flasks.
Collect 0 mg each, add 40 ml of water to each, and stir well. Then, add the measurement buffer to one side as the measurement area, and
Completely gelatinize the other side and add 5ml of 2N @NaOH.
Then add 16 ml of IM acetic acid.

Next, 5 ml of enzyme was added to both test solutions in a constant temperature bath to react, and 60 minutes later, 2N-NaOHml was added to stop the reaction. Thereafter, the reaction product was washed into a 100 ml volumetric flask to a constant volume, and filtered through a filter paper. The sugar produced is determined by a 80M0GYI female on 8 ml of filtrate.

The results are expressed in percentages according to the following formula:

Furthermore, the nitrogen dissolution utilization rate refers to the total amount of nitrogen dissolved in the aged moromi liquid relative to the total nitrogen contained in the proteins, etc. contained in soybeans and wheat, which are raw materials for soy sauce brewing.

Experimental Example 2: Next, when brown rice (whole grains) was heat-treated, Table 2 shows the results regarding the residual rate of vitamins contained in the raw material.

As mentioned in Experimental Example 1, in the present invention, the raw materials can be treated with superheated steam at a lower temperature than the conventional method, so as is clear from Table 2, the vitamins contained in the raw materials are difficult to destroy, and the product It is possible to obtain a highly nutritious product with a high residual rate.

The method of the present invention also provides better results than conventional methods regarding the degree of gelatinization and the degree of swelling.

As described above, in the present invention, the raw material is sequentially heat-treated in multiple steps, so that the maximum temperature of the heating medium can be lowered.

Therefore, the present invention is effective for heat treatment of raw materials that are sensitive to thermal denaturation, and can prevent oxidation of fine particles and uniformly heat them, and can also prevent water contained in the raw materials from scattering. Regarding defatted soybeans or wheat that have a high swelling degree and are used as raw materials for soy sauce, for example: 1. In other words,
There are advantages such as improved nitrogen utilization rate.

Furthermore, from the standpoint of equipment, the heat resistance burden on the equipment used is reduced, the life of the packings for inputting and discharging pulp can be increased, and heat loss from the equipment as a whole can be reduced. Alternatively, depending on the processing conditions of the raw material, advantages such as ``the heat load can be compensated by the compression heat of the blower alone,'' or ``lower temperature of the heating medium results in higher efficiency, etc.'' can be obtained.

Examples of the present invention will be quantitatively discussed below. Note that Examples 1 to 6 below show examples regarding heat denaturation.

Example 1: Wheat (total moisture content: 11.2%, whole grain) was heated at a rate of 2000 kg/h into an airflow heating device in which 6.5 atg of superheated steam was aerated, and then heated. It is supplied to a heating device for further heat treatment. The raw material was then released into the atmosphere to achieve a digestibility of 95.8%, a degree of gelatinization of 78%, and a degree of swelling of 2.
A product with a moisture content of 71% was obtained.

The inlet and outlet temperatures of the superheated steam in each of the above-mentioned heating devices are 200 C and 170 C in the air flow type heating device, and 260 C in each of the flow type heating devices.

It was 20 Or. Circulation amount of superheated steam is 4750kg
/i1, the replenishment amount was 450 kVh, and the heat treatment time was 18 seconds. .

Example 2: 1500k of whole grains with a moisture content of 10°5%
After heat treatment, the mixture was heated at a rate of 7 and Q atH in an airflow heating device through which superheated steam was vented. It is supplied to a fluidized heating device for further heat treatment. Next, the raw material is released into the atmosphere, and the degree of gelatinization is 81%, the degree of swelling is 5.6 times, and the moisture content is 5.8%.
% product was obtained.

The temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the superheated steam in each of the above heating devices are 2201T and 175T, respectively, for the airflow heating device.
r, and the temperatures were 280C and 220C, respectively, using a fluidized heating device. The circulating amount of superheated steam was 5100 kg/h, the replenishment amount was 480 kg/h, and the heat treatment time was 20 seconds.

Example 3: This example differs from Example 1.2 and shows the results when raw materials were treated using an apparatus in which three stages of airflow heating apparatuses were installed.

First, defatted soybeans (moisture 11.5%, particle size 16 to 24 mesh) 33ookVh ratio terror,' 5 atg
cF), il hot steam was introduced into the first airflow heating device through which it was ventilated. After that, heat treatment is performed in the second and third airflow heating devices in order, and then released into the atmosphere to achieve a digestibility of 95.
Modified defatted soybeans with a moisture content of 2% and a moisture content of 7.8% were obtained.

The temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the superheated steam in each of the above heating devices are 190C and 16C in the first airflow heating device, respectively.
8C, 210C and 190C with the second airflow heating device, respectively.
The temperatures were 220 r and 210 C in the third airflow heating device, respectively. The circulation amount Gi of superheated steam was 7800"/h, the replenishment amount Gi was 450"/h-'c-, s, and the heat treatment time was about 8 seconds.

Example 4: Crushed soybeans (moisture 127%~, particle size 8 to 16 mesh)
was heated at a rate of 3000''/h into a first fluidized heating device through which 9 atg of superheated steam was vented, and then supplied to a second fluidized heating device for further heat treatment. , Digestibility of 1 raw material released into the atmosphere is 946
%, a product with a moisture content of 7.5% was obtained.

The temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the superheated steam in each of the heating devices are 220C and 182C, respectively, in the first fluidized heating device.
260C and 220C respectively with the second fluidized heating device
It was c. Also, the circulation amount of superheated steam is 850 oK7h.
The replenishment amount was 620 $/h, and the processing time was 20 seconds.

Example 5: Hydrated defatted soybean (moisture: 25.3%%, particle size: 16
-24 mesh) to 1590 11/h1Cracked wheat (moisture: 11.2%%, particle size: 16-24 mesh) to 1
Mixed and supplied at a rate of 420/h, superheated steam of 6.5 atg is charged into the first airflow heating device, which is aerated, and heat-treated, and then supplied to the second airflow heating device, where it is further heat-treated. . Next, the raw materials were released into the atmosphere to obtain a product with an average moisture content of 17.5%.

Water was added to this product at a rate of 18454/h, and after cooling, koji was made and prepared by conventional means to obtain soy sauce moromi with good flavor.

The inlet and outlet temperatures of the superheated steam in the first airflow heating device are 186c and 175r, respectively, and the temperatures in the second airflow heating device are 197c, respectively.

It was 186C. The circulation amount of superheated steam is 4800”/
The amount of water vapor replenishment was 520/h, and the heat treatment time was 8 seconds.

Example 6: Brown rice (moisture 13.0%, whole grain, vitamin 0.42"/
100g) to 3000'/H (D rate terror a t
g (D iM After heat treatment by putting hot steam into an airflow heating device that is ventilated, the raw material was supplied to a fluidization heating device and further heat-treated.The raw material was then released into the atmosphere and heated to a degree of gelatinization of 92. %, swelling degree 75 times, moisture 35%, vitamin 0
．． A product weighing 100 g of 35 pieces was obtained.

The temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the superheated steam in each of the heating devices are 21 Or and 1 Or, respectively, in the air flow heating device.
67C, 250C and 210C respectively with fluidized heating device
The circulation rate of superheated steam was 440 kg/h, the rate of steam replenishment was 380 kg/h, and the heat treatment time according to this example was 8 seconds.

Examples regarding the bactericidal effect will be shown in Examples 7 to 9 below.

Example 7: Bran (moisture 10.8%, particle size 28 mesh or less) was heated at a rate of 200 to 9/h into the first airflow heating device through which superheated steam of 3 atH was vented. Thereafter, it is supplied to a second airflow heating device for further heat treatment.

The raw material was then released into the atmosphere to obtain a product with a moisture content of 3.5%. The number of general viable bacteria, which was 3,1·×10 6 cells/g in the raw material, decreased to 0.

The temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the heated steam in each of the above heating devices are 200 tZ' and 200 tZ' respectively in the first air flow heating device.
148r, and 232C and 232C respectively with the second airflow heating device.
'It was 200C. In addition, the circulation amount of superheated steam is 410 shh, the replenishment amount is 120 KP/h, and the heat treatment time is 6
It was seconds.

Example 8: Pulverized bonito flakes (moisture 14.8%, particle size 8 to 12 mesh) were heated at a rate of 900 kg/h into the first fluidized heating device through which 2 atg of superheated steam was vented. After that, it was supplied to a second fluidized heating device for further heat treatment. The raw material is then released into the atmosphere to reduce the moisture content to 9.7%.
products were obtained. The number of general viable bacteria, which was 2.8 x 10' cells/g in the raw material, became 0.

The temperatures at the inlet and river mouth of the superheated steam in each of the above heating devices are 1751:', respectively in the first fluidized heating device.
135C, and 24Or, respectively, in the second fluidized heating device.
It was 175C. Also, the circulation amount of superheated steam is 1200
”/h, the replenishment amount was 240 K9/h, and the heat treatment time was 25 seconds.

Example 9: Black perapa (moisture 128% - 1 whole grain) 820%
After heat treatment was performed by introducing superheated steam at a ratio of 1.5 atg/h into a fluidized heating device, the mixture was supplied to an air current heating device for further heat treatment. The raw material was then discharged into the atmosphere to obtain a product with a moisture content of 7.1%. The number of general viable bacteria, which was 1.7 x 107 cells/g in the raw material, became 0.

The temperatures at the inlet and outlet of the superheated steam in each of the above heating devices are 182r and 130t, respectively, in the fluidized heating device.
l', respectively 210r and 182C using an airflow heating device.
Met. In addition, the circulation amount of superheated steam is 980 9/h1, the replenishment amount is 1 s o ”/j1, and the heat treatment time is 2
It was 0 seconds.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat treatment apparatus showing an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is an embodiment using a forced discharge valve as the input valve, Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line A-A in Fig. 1, and Figs. 4 to 8 are heating examples showing other embodiments of the present invention. A schematic diagram of the processing device, FIG. 9 is a diagram of another embodiment of the fluidized heating device, FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line B-B in FIG. 9, and FIG. Figure 12 is another embodiment of the fluidized heating device, Figure 13
FIG. 12 is a developed view taken along the line D-D in FIG. 12, and FIGS. 14 and 15 are views showing other embodiments of the fluidized heating device. In the drawings, 1 is an air flow heating device, 3 is a heating pipe, 4 is a cyclone, 6 is a fluid heating device, 8 is a heating can, 16 is a raw material, a feeding device, 23 is a blower, and 24 is a superheater. Figure 5 Figure 6 Figure 7 Figure 12 Figure 13

Claims (1)

[Claims] fil The granular material is heat-treated with a heating medium under definition, then pressure-heated at least once with a higher-temperature heating medium, and then discharged under low pressure. A method for heat treatment of powdery material, characterized in that: (Plow) The method for heat treatment of granular material according to claim 1, wherein the heating medium is superheated steam, (3)
A heating pipe through which a heating medium is ventilated, an input valve connected to the upstream part of the heating pipe and supplying the raw material in an airtight manner, and a heating pipe connected to the downstream part of the heating pipe and connected to the heating medium and the raw material. It has an airflow heating device consisting of a separating collecting device, a raw material inlet and a discharge port, a heating medium inlet and an outlet, and is equipped with a perforated plate inside, and a fluidized bed of the raw material is formed on the perforated plate. It is composed of a heating can that pressurizes and heats the raw material, and a flow type heating device consisting of a discharge valve provided at the raw material discharge port of the heating can, and communicates the heating mill with the upstream side of the heating pipe. 1. A heat treatment device for granular materials, characterized in that a collection device and a heating mill are communicated through an intermediate valve. (4) A heating mill having a raw material inlet and outlet, a heating medium inlet and an outlet, and a perforated plate therein, which pressurizes and heats the raw material while forming a fluidized bed of the raw material with the perforated plate; A fluid heating device consisting of a discharge valve provided at a raw material discharge port of a heating mill; a heating pipe through which a heating medium is vented; an intermediate valve connected to the heating pipe at an upstream portion thereof; It is connected to this in the downstream part and consists of a collection device that separates the heating medium and the raw material, and a discharge valve installed in the collection device, and communicates the collection device and the heating mill. 1. A heat treatment apparatus for granular materials, characterized in that the mortar and the upstream side of the heating pipe are communicated through the intermediate valve. (5) A plurality of pneumatic heating devices each consisting of a heating pipe through which a heating medium is vented, the loop, and a collection device connected to the loop at the downstream portion of the heating pipe to separate the heating medium and the raw material. The collecting device in any stage is connected to the upstream part of the heating pipe in the previous stage, and the collecting device and the upstream part of the heating pipe in the next stage are communicated via an intermediate valve, and A heat treatment device for particulate matter, characterized in that a discharge valve is installed in a collection device in a stage. (6) A heating can that has a raw material inlet and outlet, a heating medium inlet and an outlet, and is equipped with a perforated plate inside, and pressurizes and heats the raw material while forming a fluidized bed of the raw material on the perforated plate; The heating can is equipped with a plurality of stages of flow-type heating devices consisting of valves provided at the raw material discharge port, and the heating medium outlet and inlet of the heating can in any stage, the previous stage, and the next stage are communicated with each other, and the raw material is inputted. 1. A heat treatment apparatus for granular materials, characterized in that the mouth and discharge port are communicated with each other via an intermediate valve, and a discharge valve is installed at the raw material discharge port of the heating can in the final stage.