JPS60208443A - Aluminum alloy material - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain an Al alloy material having superior wear resistance, low expandability, strength at high temp. and heat resistance by specifying the composition of an Al alloy contg. Si grains of a specified grain size dispersed finely at specified intervals. CONSTITUTION:This Al alloy material has an alloy composition consisting of, by weight, 15-35% Si, 0.5-10% Cu, 0.3-6% Mg, 0.3-4% Mn and the balance Al or further contg. 0.3-9% Fe and/or 0.3-9% Ni (Fe+Ni=1.0-10%). The alloy material contains Si grains of <=5mum average grain size dispersed finely at <=10mum average intervals.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an aluminum alloy material, particularly an aluminum alloy material excellent in wear resistance, low thermal expansion, high temperature strength, and heat resistance.

Inner tPAm cylinder block, cylinder line
BACKGROUND ART Materials such as pistons, pistons, and compressor blades are required to have excellent properties such as wear resistance, low thermal expansion characteristics, high-temperature strength, and heat resistance. Moreover, if these materials are made of aluminum alloy, important advantages such as weight reduction and speed increase will occur.

However, there are still no sufficient aluminum alloys that have the above-mentioned required properties.Therefore, there are problems such as the inability to use aluminum alloy materials for the above-mentioned purposes and restrictions on the conditions of use. It is inherent. For example, as an alloy material with excellent wear resistance and low thermal expansion, the applicant of the present application previously applied for patent application No. 58-19833.
As No. 8, Al-14 to 3 in which Si particles were finely dispersed
0% 5i - 0.5~5% Cu - 0.3~3% Mg All Mg was proposed, but this alloy does not have sufficient heat resistance and high temperature strength.

In addition, A4032 alloy (8β=■2%5t-
0,9%Cu-1,1%M g-0,9%N+), A390 alloy (/1-17%5i-4,5%Cu) for casting materials
-0.6%Mg), but even these alloys do not have sufficient strength at high temperatures exceeding 200°C, and when using them, it is necessary to It is subject to constraints.

The present invention has been made against this background, and its object is to provide an aluminum alloy having excellent wear resistance, low thermal expansion, high-temperature strength, and heat resistance. The aim is to provide materials.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention includes, on a weight basis, Si: 15-35%, Cu: 0.
5-1O%, Mg 1.3-6% and Mn: 0.3-4
%, and if necessary Fe: 0.3 to 9% and/or Nl: 0.3 to 9% (F6 + NI) amount is 1.0
-10%, and the balance is AI and unavoidable impurities, and the average particle size of 81 particles is 5 μm or more F, and the average interparticle distance is 10 μm or less. It was composed of materials.

By adopting the structure of the aluminum alloy material according to the present invention, an aluminum alloy material having excellent wear resistance, low thermal expansion, high temperature strength, and heat resistance could be manufactured for the first time, and It also has excellent seizure resistance, and for this reason, it can be used in areas and conditions where conventional aluminum alloys could not be used, such as internal combustion engine cylinder blocks, cylinder liners and pistons, and compressor vane materials. The aluminum alloy material of the present invention can be suitably used in the parts where the aluminum alloy has been used, thereby contributing to weight reduction and speeding up, increasing its technical value, and achieving great economic effects.

By the way, in the alloy component of the aluminum alloy material according to the present invention, the addition of Si (silicon) significantly improves the wear resistance and seizure resistance properties of the target alloy material, and also reduces the coefficient of thermal expansion. urge In order to fully exhibit the effect of this addition of Si, it is necessary to ensure that the amount added is at least 15% (by weight, the same applies hereinafter); however, adding too much Si The upper limit of its addition amount is 35% because it lowers the machinability, has an adverse effect on the life of the cutting tool, and causes problems such as the surface roughness of the surface to be cut becomes rough.

Moreover, Cu(
Copper) coexists with Mg and imparts age hardenability to the alloy,
Improves room temperature strength and wear resistance. It also has the feature of improving high-temperature strength through solid solution hardening. Note that these effects are not sufficient when the amount of Cu added is less than 0.5%, and when the amount of Cu added exceeds 10%,
Their effects become saturated and other problems occur, such as the corrosion resistance of the material being impaired.

Furthermore, Mg, which is one of the main alloy components in the present invention,
(Magnesium), together with Cu, imparts age hardenability, improves room temperature strength and wear resistance, and improves the high temperature strength of the material through solid solution hardening. This effect is 0.3%
If the amount of Mg added is less than 6%, it is not sufficient, and if the amount added exceeds 6%, the effect becomes saturated and problems such as decreased ductility occur.

Furthermore, Mn (manganese), which is another main alloy component in the present invention, improves the heat resistance and high temperature strength of the material. If the amount added is small, the effect will not be sufficient, while if it is added in a large amount, the effect will not only be saturated but also the ductility will be significantly reduced. The amount of Mn added to obtain these effects is 0.3 to 4%, preferably 0.3 to 3%.

The four main elements (St, Cu, Mg.

In addition to the alloy component consisting of Mn), in the present invention, a predetermined amount of Fe (iron), Ni (nickel) may be added alone or together with Mi, if necessary. . These Fe and Ni each have the effect of improving the heat resistance of the material and increasing the high-temperature strength, either alone or in cooperation with each other. In addition, these elements are
If the amount added is too small, the effect cannot be fully exhibited, and even if it is added in a large amount, the effect is saturated and the ductility decreases significantly. 0.3 to 9% for Ni, and 0.3% for Ni.
The content of these elements needs to be 3 to 9%, and the total amount of these elements (total amount of Fe and Ni) needs to be 1.0 to 10%, preferably 2.0 to 5.0%.

Furthermore, in the present invention, the average particle size of the Si particles present in the aluminum alloy material containing the predetermined range of the above-mentioned alloy components is 5 μm or less, and the average interparticle distance is 10 μIn or less. This is necessary, and thereby the object of the present invention is well achieved. Kedashi, Si
This is because if the average grain size of the particles exceeds 5 μfn or the average interparticle distance exceeds 10 μnl, the finished cut surface will become uneven and the 111 degree surface will become I'll.
Also, if the average particle size exceeds 5μI11, the bi(
- This is because inconveniences such as increased wear occur.

Further, such an aluminum alloy according to the present invention can be manufactured according to various manufacturing methods so as to give the Si particle size and interparticle distance specified above in the alloy composition as described above. , -a is preferably manufactured by the following method.

That is, first, an aluminum alloy having the alloy composition as described above is melted, and then the obtained molten alloy is rapidly solidified.

The faster the cooling rate at this time, the more desirable it is since a high-performance material can be obtained, and usually a condition of cooling at a cooling rate of 100° C./second or more is adopted. The faster the cooling rate from the molten alloy, the finer the size of the Si particles in the final product, which improves the machinability and wear resistance. Specifically, an atomization method or a rapid solidification method (splat cooling, etc.) is applied, and in the former in particular, aluminum powder with an average particle size of 200 μm or less is obtained by atomizing a molten alloy. It happens.

The aluminum alloy powder or flakes thus obtained are then molded into a predetermined shape. Specifically, (a) precompression - container filling - high temperature vacuum degassing - extrusion, (b) precompression - sintering, (C) preliminary pressure 1ift.
- Container filling - High temperature vacuum decasing, high temperature and high pressure compression processing (It
Molding is performed through steps such as IP treatment). More specifically, in the step 1); 1 (a), aluminum powder is pre-compression molded to about 70 to 80% of its true density, and then sealed in a predetermined container.
Degassing is performed by heating to a high temperature of 50 to 500°C and evacuating. Note that if this degassing treatment is insufficient, the final product may bulge or defects caused by the gas may remain, causing problems. Next, this degassed aluminum powder is pre-compressed and molded (billet).
heated to a temperature of 350-500'c, extrusion ratio = 4
Hot extrusion is then carried out to obtain an aluminum alloy in the desired shape. At this time, if the extrusion ratio is small, the pressure bonding will be insufficient and defects will remain in the extruded material, causing a problem.

Furthermore, according to the method (C) described in 0;1, instead of the extrusion process as described above, the aluminum powder obtained by the rapid solidification is processed by the well-known high temperature and high pressure Iid processing (
)IIP treatment) to form the desired shape.

Examples of the present invention will be shown below in order to clarify the present invention more specifically, but it goes without saying that the present invention shall not be construed as being limited in any way by the description of such examples. . Note that the content ratios of alloy components in the examples are all expressed in weight %.

Example After melting alloys having various compositions shown in Table 1 below, aluminum alloy powder with an average particle size of 120 μm was produced by an atomization method at a cooling rate of 200° C./sec or more. was manufactured. This powder was compression-molded to 75% of its true density by preliminary compression, then sealed in an aluminum alloy container, heated to 450'C, and degassed by vacuum evacuation. The various billets each having a diameter of 152 mm thus obtained were heated to 450° C. and then extruded to produce rods having a diameter of 40 mm.

On the other hand, for alloy compositions marked 15 to 17 in Table 1, after melting, ingots with a diameter of 152 mm were produced by continuous casting, and then extruded at 450°C to reduce the diameter. A rod-shaped body of 40 mm was manufactured.

Then, for each type of rod obtained, 50
After solution treatment at 0°C for 1 hour, water quenching was performed, followed by aging treatment at 175°C for 8 hours.

Regarding the thus obtained materials (bars), the Si particle diameter and interparticle distance were measured, as well as an abrasion test, a tensile test, and a Vickers hardness measurement to evaluate the performance of each material. The results are shown in Tables 2 and 3 below.

In addition, the wear test in this performance evaluation was conducted by the Okoshi type abrasion test (Q weight: 3.2 kg, running speed = 1 m/S, running distance: 200 m), and the tensile test was carried out at a test temperature of room temperature and 250°C. , 350°C for a holding time of 100 hr, and the Vickers hardness was measured as is (at room temperature) and at 300°C for 100 hr.
This was done after heating.

Table 2 As is obvious from the comparison of Tables 1 to 3, the specific wear amount of the aluminum alloy materials 2nd floor 1 to 10 according to the present invention is that of the comparative alloy: tIkll! -14, Nu15
(A4032) and Il&l16 (A390), which are sufficiently small, and the high temperature tensile strength and hardness after heating at 300°C are greater than the comparative alloys.
It is recognized that it has excellent high temperature strength and heat resistance.

Applicant: Sumitomo Light Metal Industries, Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] Based on hoe ■ standards, Si: 15-35%, Cu: 0.5-10
(Fe+Ni ) amount (1,0~1
0%, and the balance is AQ and unavoidable impurities, the average grain size of the Si particles is 5 μIn or less, and the average interparticle +/p wt is 10 μm or less Aluminum alloy material with excellent wear resistance, low thermal expansion, high temperature strength, and heat resistance.