JPS6019696A - Lifting gear - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a lifting device 1 used for lifting workers or materials and lowering unnecessary parts for work at high places, and in particular, the invention relates to a lifting device 1 used for lifting workers or materials and lowering unnecessary parts for work at high places. Regarding the lifting device, which is pivoted in an X-shape and has an upper boom and a lower boom inserted into each middle boom that extend and contract in the axial direction, a plurality of hydraulic expansion and contraction mechanisms are interposed between the middle boom and the base, By controlling the amount of expansion and contraction of each hydraulic expansion and contraction mechanism, the lift can be increased by 1iff.
Move the i unit vertically and horizontally! This article relates to a lifting device that can be used for 1ih.

Lifting devices that raise and lower platforms are used for assembly, painting, and repairs at high places such as highways and building construction, and workers and materials are placed on these platforms and lifted and lowered. In this conventional lifting device, a pair of arms are pivoted at the center to make one set, and a pantograph-like extension and contraction mechanism is used in which multiple sets of arms are connected in the vertical direction. In order to increase the height, it was necessary to increase the length of each arm or to increase the number of connected arms. For this reason, if the height of the lift is increased, the height of the lifting device with the telescoping mechanism folded will be high, and it will be difficult for workers to get on and off the platform.
The work of loading and unloading materials was cumbersome. For this reason, an elevating mechanism has been devised in which a plurality of booms are telescopically inserted into the inside of the arm so that one arm can extend in its length direction (for example,
1986 No. 134487, 1981 Patent Application No. 191065, etc.). The outline of this newly proposed elevating mechanism is explained with reference to Fig. 1. The middle pools A and B, which are hollow in the middle, are rotatably connected in an X-shape by an axis C at the center. Upper boom D,
E, lower booms F and G are inserted through the upper boom D so that they can appear and retract freely.

The EKu lifting platform ■ is connected to the lower boom F.

G is connected to base H. Then, when the shaft C is raised by a hydraulic cylinder or the like, the upper pools D and E are lifted.

The lower booms F and G are pulled out from the open ends of the middle booms A and B, and the lifting metalwork moves upward away from the base H. Here, in order for the lifting platform (■) to rise vertically above the base H (3), the upper pool D is required.

E1 lower pool F and G are middle pool A respectively.

The amount of movement ρ drawn out from the open end of B must always be the same, and for this reason, each upper pool D, E,
A tuning mechanism is required to regulate the amount of movement of the lower booms F and G. Here, it is extremely easy to synchronize the movement distances of the upper boom D and the lower boom F or the upper boom E and the lower boom G, but in order to synchronize the upper booms D and E, the shaft C must be rotatable. Therefore, its structure is complicated,
The mechanism had to become larger. Furthermore, if all of the upper booms D and E and the lower booms F and G are synchronized, the lifting platform (2) will vertically move up and down only in the up and down direction, and will be limited to this operation. However, in actual use, after raising the platform I vertically, the platform I is brought closer to the side of the building.
In some cases, it may be necessary to move the boom horizontally; in this case, the extension and contraction amounts of each boom D, E, F, and G are all synchronized, so such horizontal movement is impossible (4 The range of use of the reeds and elevating device was limited only in the vertical direction.

In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present invention synchronizes the extension and contraction amounts of the upper and lower booms inserted into the respective intermediate pools, and individually controls the extension and contraction amounts of a plurality of hydraulic lifting mechanisms. An object of the present invention is to provide an elevating device that can move in the vertical and horizontal directions and can expand the working range of the elevating device.

An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Reference numeral 1 in the figure is the body of a truck. Front wheels 2 and rear wheels 3 are pivotally supported on the front, rear, left and right sides of the body 1, and a driver's cab 4 is provided above the front wheels 2. Outriggers 5 are fixed to the left and right sides of the center and rear end of 1, respectively. An elevating mechanism 6 is mounted on the upper surface of the vehicle body 1. A elevating table 7 is fixed to the upper part of the elevating mechanism 6, and a handrail 8 is provided around the elevating table 7. The lifting mechanism 6
consists of four telescoping booms, each with a middle pool 10. It has a lower boom 11° and an upper boom 12. The center of each of the two middle booms 10 is connected by a connecting shaft 13 so as to be rotatable in an X-shape, and the lower boom 11 and the upper boom 12 each have connecting pieces 14 and 15 at their tips. are fixed to each other, the connecting piece 14 is rotatably connected to a fixed piece 16 fixed on the vehicle body 1 by a pin, and the connecting piece 15 is connected to a fixed piece 17 fixed to the lower surface of the elevator platform 7. It is rotatably connected by a bottle. The intervals between the fixed pieces 16 and the fixed pieces 17 are the same, and the vehicle body 1 and the lifting platform 7 are configured to be parallel even if the telescopic boom is extended in an X-shape. The two sets of the middle pools 10 are arranged in parallel at intervals, and the middle pools 1 inside each set are arranged in parallel.
0 are connected at the center by an operating shaft 18, and the axes of the operating shaft 18 and the connecting shaft 13 are arranged in a straight line. Hydraulic telescoping mechanisms 19 are disposed at both positions close to the fixed piece 16 of the vehicle body 1 and between the operating shaft 18, and both hydraulic telescoping mechanisms 19 are located on the vehicle body 1 at positions equidistant from the operating shaft 18. It is connected to.

Next, FIGS. 5 and 6 show the internal structure of the above-mentioned telescopic pool, that is, the middle boom 10.
It has a structure in which a thin steel plate is bent to have a hollow cross-sectional shape in the length direction, and a lower boom 11 is slidably inserted through one end of the middle boom 10. The lower pool 11 has a hollow cross-section made by bending a thin steel plate, and the upper pool 12 inserted from the other open end of the middle boom 10 is slidably inserted into the lower pool 11. It is. Fan-shaped shaft support pieces 20.21 are fixed to both ends of the middle boom 10, respectively, and a pair of guide rollers 22.21 are respectively attached to the shaft support pieces 20.21.
The guide rollers 22 and 23 are in contact with both sides of the lower boom 11, and the guide rollers 23 are in contact with both sides of the upper boom 12. Also,
A gearbox 24 is fixed to the end of the middle boom 10 close to the pivot piece 21, and two sprocket wheels 25, 26 are pivoted within the gearbox 24. The tip of the lower boom 11 (the deepest position in the middle boom 10) and the tip of the upper boom 12 are connected by a chain 27, and the chain 27 forms an S-shape around the outer circumference of the sprocket wheel 25°26. It is rolled like this.

The chain 27 coordinates the expansion and contraction of the lower boom 11 and the upper pool 12, so that the lower boom 11 and the upper pool 12 move in and out of the middle boom 10 by the same amount of expansion and contraction.

Further, FIG. 6 shows a cross section of the center of the middle boom 1o, in which a band-shaped holder 28 is wrapped around and fixed to the center outer circumference of the middle boom 1o, and a side surface of one holder 28 is shown. A cylindrical connecting shaft 13 is fixed to the holder 28, and an engaging piece 30 fixed with a screw 29 is fixed to the other holder 28. The retaining piece 30 is formed on the outer periphery of the connecting shaft 13. By fitting into the retaining groove 31, the two middle booms 10 are connected in an X-shape and their rotation is maintained freely. Then, the holding body 2 of one middle boom 1°
A supporting shaft 32 is protruded from the side opposite to the connecting shaft 13 of 8, and the operating shaft 18 is connected to this supporting shaft 32.

Next, FIG. 7 shows a hydraulic expansion and contraction mechanism 1 which is an embodiment of the present invention.
9 will be explained in detail. This hydraulic expansion/contraction mechanism 19 is roughly divided into an outer frame 41 having a hollow central part, and a hydraulic cylinder 42 inserted into this outer frame 41. It has an open shape, and a support shaft 43 that is rotatably supported by the frame of the vehicle body 1 protrudes from the lower left and right sides, and a support shaft 43 that is rotatably supported by the frame of the vehicle body 1 protrudes from the left and right sides of the outer frame 41. Wire hooks 44 are fixed to the outer frame 41, respectively, and upper rollers 45 are supported on the upper four inner wall surfaces in a snow-proof manner so as to surround the central axis of the outer frame 41. The hydraulic cylinder 42Fi has a single cylinder rod 46 and is of a mechanism that extends in one stage.A rectangular pedestal 47 is fixed to the base of the hydraulic cylinder 42, and the four sides of this pedestal 47 are are each supported by a lower roller 48, and this lower roller 48 is brought into contact with the inner wall of the outer frame 41. Further, the above-mentioned upper roller 45 is brought into contact with the upper outer periphery of the hydraulic cylinder 42, and the hydraulic cylinder 42 can freely slide in the length direction within the outer frame 41 by the upper roller 45 and the lower roller 48. It is maintained as much as possible. Two pulleys 49 and 50 are each pivotally supported on the lower surface of the pedestal 47 at a pair of positions symmetrical with respect to the central axis of the hydraulic cylinder 42 and offset by 45 degrees from the lower roller 48 . It is. The aforementioned cylinder rod 46
A connecting fitting 51 having a mouth shape and connected to the above-mentioned operating shaft 18 is fixed to the tip of the connecting fitting 51, and wire hooks 52 are protruded from the left and right sides of this connecting fitting 51, respectively. A wire 53 is hung on each of the wires 53, and these wires 53 are stretched in the direction of the base of the hydraulic cylinder 42 by pushing through the corresponding spaces between the outer frame 41 and the hydraulic cylinder 420, respectively. 53
Boo! It is wound around the outer periphery of J49 and J50 and folded back to the opposite side, and then inserted through the outer frame 41 and hooked at each terminal end to the wire hook 44. As a result, the hydraulic cylinder 42 is suspended within the outer frame 41 by the pair of wires 53, and each wire 53 is held in a symmetrical position.

In addition, Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken along the line X-X in Fig. 7.
The figure is a sectional view taken along the line YY in FIG.

Next, FIG. 10 shows a hydraulic circuit in this embodiment. A hydraulic pump 60 has a suction side connected to an oil tank, and a switching valve 62 connected to its discharge side. The return path communicates with the oil tank 61. Pistons 65, 66 are slidably inserted into the two hydraulic cylinders 63, 64 (corresponding to the hydraulic cylinder 42 in FIG. 7), respectively. Rondroa, 68 is connected. The pistons 65, 66 divide the inside of the hydraulic cylinders 63, 64 into pressure chambers 69, 71 and discharge chambers 70, 72, respectively. The pressure chamber 69 and the operating valve 62 communicate with each other, and the discharge chamber 70 has a switching valve 7.
A pressure chamber 71 is connected to the discharge chamber 72 through a switching valve 73, and an operating valve 62 is connected to the discharge chamber 72 through a switching valve 73. Further, a bypass passage 74 is connected to the switching valve 73. The operating valve 62 is provided with three blocks, the A block for raising, the B block for stopping, and the C block for lowering. The switching valve 73 is provided with two blocks, the D block is for vertical movement, and the E block is for horizontal movement.Normally, the D block is set and the bypass path 74 is closed. It is being

Furthermore, when the cross-sectional areas of the pressure chambers 69, 71 and the discharge chamber 7o are shown in FIG.
7 shows the cross-sectional area S2 excluding the cross-sectional area of the pressure chamber 71, and (1) shows the cross-sectional area S3 of the pressure chamber 71, and the cross-sectional areas S2 and 83 are the same.

Next, the operation of this embodiment will be explained.

First, operate the engine (not shown) attached to the vehicle body 1,
This engine drives a hydraulic pressure generating mechanism to generate hydraulic pressure.

(1) When the lifting platform 7 is raised vertically.

The switching valve 73 is set to the D block, and in this state, when the operating valve 62 is switched from the B block to the A block, the hydraulic pressure generated from the above-mentioned hydraulic pressure generation mechanism is supplied to the hydraulic cylinder 42, and the hydraulic cylinder 42 The cylinder rod 46 is operated to extend in the length direction and protrude from the hydraulic cylinder 42, and the distance between the pedestal 47 and the connecting fitting 51 is changed to become larger. Therefore, the wire 53 that is stretched between the wire hooks 44 and 52 is stretched, and the distance between the wire hook 52 and the pulleys 49, 50 becomes longer. Since the length of the wire 53 itself is constant and does not expand due to load, the length of the wire 53 between the wire hook 44 and the pulleys 49, 50 is relatively shortened, and the hydraulic cylinder 42 is thereby moved outward. The expansion cylinder 4 protrudes from the upper opening of the frame 41.
2 within the outer frame 41 is determined by the amount of extension of the cylinder rod 46, and the distance between the connecting fitting 51 and the base of the outer frame 410 is determined by the amount by which the cylinder rod 4θ extends from the hydraulic cylinder 42 and the amount by which the hydraulic cylinder 42 extends from the outer frame 41. The amount by which the hydraulic cylinder 42 is expanded is the added amount, which is approximately twice the amount by which the hydraulic cylinder 42 alone is expanded. When this hydraulic expansion/contraction mechanism 19 operates and the connecting fitting 51 is projected from the outer frame 41, the middle boom 1oIri is lifted upward, and the lower boom 11 and the upper boom 12 are accordingly pulled out from the middle boom 10. However,
The lower boom 11 and the upper boom 12 are connected by a chain 27, so when the lower boom 11 is removed from the middle boom 10, the chain 27 fixed to the tip of the lower boom 11 rotates the sprocket wheels 25 and 26. As the chain 27 moves, the lower end of the upper boom 12 is pulled, and the upper boom 12 is pulled out from the upper end opening of the middle boom 10. Moreover, chain 2
7 does not extend, the amount of extension of the lower boom 11 and the upper boom 12 is the same, and the amount of extension of the lower boom 11 and upper boom 12, which are assembled on two sides, is the same, and the middle boom 10 is connected. The lifting platform 7 is lifted by rotating around the shaft 13 in an X-shape. Therefore, the lifting platform 7 rises horizontally, and the height of its rise is determined by the amount of extension of the hydraulic expansion/contraction mechanism 19. However, since the amount of extension of the connecting fitting 51, that is, the cylinder rod 46, is doubled, the lifting platform 7 rises horizontally. 7 maximum lift height can be increased.

Next, referring to FIG. 10, the relationship between the lifting mechanism 6 and the hydraulic expansion/contraction mechanism 19 will be explained.
The hydraulic oil in the chamber is sucked up and the pressurized hydraulic oil is transmitted to the operating valve 62.The operating valve 62 is set to the A block, so it is in communication, and the operating oil is transferred to the pressure chamber 69. injected into the piston 65. cylinder rod 6
Push 7 upwards. As this piston 65 slides, the hydraulic oil in the discharge chamber 70 is discharged, and is transmitted to the pressure chamber 71 of the hydraulic cylinder 64 via the switching valve 73, pushing up the piston 66 and the cylinder rod 68, causing the discharge chamber 70 to be discharged.
2 of the hydraulic oil is discharged, and this discharged hydraulic oil is returned to the oil tank 61 via the switching pallough 31 operating valve 62. Here, since the cross-sectional areas of each pressure chamber 69, 71 and the discharge chamber 70 have the relationship shown in FIG. It is calculated by multiplying the cross-sectional area excluding the cross-sectional area by its movement length, and by transmitting this discharged hydraulic oil to the pressure chamber 71 with the same cross-sectional area, the movement amount of the piston 66 is the same as the movement amount of the piston 65. Therefore, the extrusion lengths of the cylinder rods 67 and 68 are the same. Third
As shown in the figure, the hydraulic expansion and contraction mechanisms 19 are all designed to form an isosceles triangle with the connecting shaft 13 at the center.
3 will always rise in a direction perpendicular to the vehicle body 1. The lower boom 11 inserted into each middle boom 10
Since the extrusion amounts of the upper boom 12 and the upper boom 12 are synchronous and the same, the extrusion amounts of all the lower booms 11 and the upper boom 12 are all the same, and the lifting platform 7 is parallel to the vehicle body 1, and
When it rises vertically, it becomes a dove. The relationship between this amount of movement can be expressed as
To explain with a diagram, each extension W of the hydraulic expansion/contraction mechanism 19 is the same, and the connecting shaft 13 is raised in a straight line, and the lower pool 11. The extrusion amount 2 of the upper boom 12 is all the same, and all the booms 1.12 are synchronized with the amount of movement.

The state in which the lifting platform 7 is raised in this way is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

(2) When the lifting platform 7 is lowered vertically.

When the block of the operating valve 62 is switched from the B block to the C block, the hydraulic oil flows in the reverse path as described above, both cylinder rods 67 and 68 are housed in the hydraulic cylinders 63 and 64, and the elevator platform 7 is vertically lowered. .

(3) When moving the lifting platform 7 horizontally.

As shown in FIG. 3, when the platform 7 is raised to a high position, the operating valve 62 is used to move the platform 7 horizontally.
is set in block B to fix the height position of the lifting platform 7,
Next, the switching pulp 73 is set to E to connect the discharge chamber 70 and the bypass passage 74. When the operating valve 62 is switched to the A block in this state, hydraulic oil is supplied to the pressure chamber 69, the piston 65 is pushed out, and the hydraulic oil in the discharge chamber 70 is transferred to the switching valve 73. Bypass path 74. It returns to the oil tank 61 via the operating valve 62. This movement of the piston 65 pushes the piston rod 67 out of the hydraulic cylinder 63, but no hydraulic oil is supplied to the pressure chamber 71 of the hydraulic cylinder 68, and the piston rod 68 is held at the same position. As a result, the distribution of the lengths of the isosceles triangle formed by the pair of hydraulic cylinders 19 is disrupted, and the length of one hypotenuse becomes longer. Only the lower pool 11 extends from the middle boom 10, and is longer than the upper end of the other upper boom 12 to the lower end of the lower pool 11, forming a deformed triangle that is vertically symmetrical about the connecting shaft 13. In particular, the elevator platform 7 moves horizontally in the F direction in FIG.

In order for the lifting platform 7 to move horizontally and return to the vertical position above the vehicle body 1 from the state shown by the solid line in FIG. Only the piston rod 67 of the cylinder 63 is reduced,
The two hydraulic cylinders 19 are returned to an isosceles triangular shape. After this, the switching valve 73 is set to the D block.

Since the present invention is configured as described above, the lifting platform can be moved not only in the vertical direction but also in the horizontal direction, and the working range of the lifting device can be expanded.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing the outline of the newly proposed elevating device, Fig. 2 is a side view showing an embodiment of the elevating device with the elevating mechanism in its lowest position, and Fig. 3 is the same elevating mechanism as above. Figure 4 is a rear view of the state shown in Figure 3, Figure 5 is a side sectional view showing the inside of the middle boom, Figure 6 is the middle boom near the operating axis. , FIG. 7 is a partially cutaway perspective view showing the internal structure of the hydraulic expansion and contraction mechanism, FIG. 8 is a sectional view taken along arrow X-X in FIG. 7, and FIG. 10 is a piping diagram showing the oil passage of the hydraulic mechanism, and FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram showing the cross-sectional area of each part inside the cylinder. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the lifting mechanism and the hydraulic expansion/contraction mechanism, and FIG. 13 is a side view showing the lifting platform moved in the horizontal direction. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Vehicle body, 6... Lifting mechanism, 7... Lifting platform, 10... Middle boom, 11... Lower boom, 12
...Upper boom, 19...Hydraulic expansion and contraction mechanism, 64°65...Hydraulic cylinder. Patent Applicant: Hikoma Seisakusho Co., Ltd. Representative Patent Attorney: Hibi Hisashi Akira Tokukai Showa GO-1969G (10) Numa 6561

Claims (1)

[Claims] A pair of internally hollow middle booms are rotatably connected in an X-shape approximately at the center of each, and an upper boom and a lower boom, which extend and contract at their respective ends, are slidably inserted into each middle boom, and the lower Each end of the boom is pivoted to the base at intervals, and each end of the upper boom is pivoted to the lifting platform at intervals, and the upper and lower booms can be raised and lowered by extending and contracting the middle boom. In the lifting device that moves the table up and down,
The extension and contraction amounts of both the upper and lower booms housed in one middle boom are synchronized, and a hydraulic expansion/contraction mechanism is interposed between each of the two spaced points on the base and the central axis of rotation of the middle boom. An elevating device characterized in that the elevating platform is moved slightly vertically and slightly horizontally by controlling the telescopic momentum of each hydraulic telescopic mechanism.