JPS6013170B2 - Strongly negatively charged carrier - Google Patents
Strongly negatively charged carrierInfo
- Publication number
- JPS6013170B2 JPS6013170B2 JP52160693A JP16069377A JPS6013170B2 JP S6013170 B2 JPS6013170 B2 JP S6013170B2 JP 52160693 A JP52160693 A JP 52160693A JP 16069377 A JP16069377 A JP 16069377A JP S6013170 B2 JPS6013170 B2 JP S6013170B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- latent image
- carrier
- potential
- image forming
- resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Landscapes
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
本発明は電子写真等の現像剤におけるキャリアに関し、
特に潜像形成媒体の摩耗を減少し、負摩擦帯電性潜像形
成媒体のキャリアとして有用な強負帯電性キャリアに関
するものである。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a carrier in a developer for electrophotography, etc.
In particular, the present invention relates to a strongly negatively chargeable carrier that reduces wear of latent image forming media and is useful as a carrier for negatively triboelectrically chargeable latent image forming media.
2成分系粉体現像剤において、従来鉄粉、表面酸化処理
鉄粉あるいはガラスビーズ等が使用されて釆た。Conventionally, iron powder, surface oxidized iron powder, glass beads, etc. have been used in two-component powder developers.
これらはキャリアと呼ばれるもので、トナーと呼ばれる
粉末樹脂インクと混合して使用するものである。この混
合時に、トナーはキャリアとの間で摩擦帯電を起こし、
トナーとキャリアは等量、反対符号の静電衛を帯びるこ
ととなり、この静電荷間に働らくクーロン力が原因とな
って、トナーがキャリア表面に付着する。このトナーと
キャリアとの二成分系混合物が現像剤である。この現像
剤が、トナーと反対符号の潜像電位パターンを形成した
潜像媒体を摩擦する際トナーがキャリア表面から離れて
、潜像媒体上に転送され、これによって潜像が可視化さ
れて粉像となる。このようなプロセスにおいて、最大の
問題は、溶像形成媒体が硬いキャリアによって摩擦され
て摩耗あるいは傷が付くなどして表面荒れを起こし、特
に潜像形成媒体が光導電体の場合は、電気光学的な特性
が劣化して正常な潜像形成が不可能となることである。
また、現像時における潜像媒体の現像剤による摩擦帯電
は潜像強度の縮小劣化を引き起こす。これ等2つの損失
は装置の動作速度が遠くなるにつれて、影響が顕著に現
われるようになり、特に前者の原因による動作寿命の短
縮は頻繁なメインテナンスを必要とするようになり、装
置全体の動作特性を決定する要因となっている。この潜
像形成媒体の摩耗を減少するためキャリアに樹脂(例え
ばテフロン)を被覆することは知られている。一方、現
像工程では、潜像形成媒体とキャリアとが強く接触し、
摩擦帯電し、互いに静電的に吸引しあうため、相互間の
摩擦力が増大し、摩耗量が増大するという現象がある。These are called carriers and are used in combination with powdered resin ink called toner. During this mixing, the toner causes frictional electrification with the carrier,
The toner and carrier are charged with equal amounts of electrostatic charges of opposite signs, and the Coulomb force acting between the electrostatic charges causes the toner to adhere to the carrier surface. This two-component mixture of toner and carrier is a developer. When this developer rubs against the latent image medium, which has formed a latent image potential pattern of the opposite sign to that of the toner, the toner is separated from the carrier surface and transferred onto the latent image medium, thereby making the latent image visible and forming a powder image. becomes. In such processes, the biggest problem is that the latent image forming medium is rubbed by the hard carrier, causing surface roughness due to abrasion or scratches, especially when the latent image forming medium is a photoconductor. The characteristics of the latent image deteriorate, making it impossible to form a normal latent image.
Further, triboelectric charging of the latent image medium by the developer during development causes a reduction in the strength of the latent image. These two losses become more noticeable as the operating speed of the device increases, and the shortening of the operating life due to the former cause in particular requires frequent maintenance, which affects the operating characteristics of the entire device. This is a determining factor. It is known to coat the carrier with a resin (eg, Teflon) to reduce wear on the latent image forming medium. On the other hand, in the developing process, the latent image forming medium and the carrier come into strong contact,
Since they are frictionally charged and electrostatically attracted to each other, there is a phenomenon in which the frictional force between them increases and the amount of wear increases.
従って、潜像形成媒体の摩耗を防止するには単にキャリ
アに樹脂を被覆するだけではなく、摩擦時の摩擦電位が
溶像媒体の摩擦電位に近い樹脂を選択する必要がある。Therefore, in order to prevent wear of the latent image forming medium, it is necessary not only to simply coat the carrier with a resin, but also to select a resin whose frictional potential during friction is close to that of the fusion medium.
ここで溶像形成媒体がCdS、Z心、SeTe等の無機
光導電性物質あるいはDEASP(1ーフエニルー3一
(P−ジエチルアミノスチリル)−5一(P一ジヱチル
アミフエニル)−ピラソリン)などの有機顔料を含むバ
インダー系光導電体あるいは光導電体上にポリエチレン
テレフタレートフィルム等を被覆したものやピン放電に
より潜像形成されるアクリル系マスタードラムなどの負
摩擦帯電性の潜像形成媒体に正帯電性トナーを用い、正
現像を行なう場合強員帯電性のキャリアはトナ−を高度
に正帯電し、又潜像形成媒体は正帯電トナーと強い負帯
電性を示すキャリアの混合物からなる負帯電性現像剤に
より摩擦されるため負帯電の潜像強度をほとんど劣化さ
せることなく現像が可能となる。しかもこの摩擦電位が
潜像形成媒体の潜像電位に影響を及ぼすことから出来る
限りこの影響が少なく印字濃度の劣化を起さないよう樹
脂の選択を考慮する必要がある。Here, the solution forming medium is an inorganic photoconductive material such as CdS, Z core, SeTe, etc. or DEASP (1-phenyl-3-3-(P-diethylaminostyryl)-5-(P-diethylaminophenyl)-pyrazoline), etc. A negative triboelectric latent image forming medium such as a binder-based photoconductor containing an organic pigment or a photoconductor coated with a polyethylene terephthalate film, or an acrylic master drum in which a latent image is formed by pin discharge. When performing positive development using a chargeable toner, a strongly chargeable carrier charges the toner highly positively, and a negatively charged latent image forming medium consists of a mixture of a positively charged toner and a carrier that exhibits strong negative chargeability. Since the latent image is rubbed by the static developer, development can be performed without substantially deteriorating the strength of the negatively charged latent image. Furthermore, since this frictional potential affects the latent image potential of the latent image forming medium, it is necessary to consider the selection of the resin so as to minimize this effect as much as possible and prevent deterioration of print density.
即ち「第1図に示す潜像形成媒体の潜像強度をもつもの
とする。図中V,は背景部電位、V2は潜像部電位、V
oは限界電位とする。ここで現像工程において潜像形成
媒体が現像剤により摩擦されると第2図の如くV,はV
,′に、V2はV2′に電位レベルが変化してしまう。That is, it is assumed that the latent image forming medium has the latent image intensity shown in FIG. 1. In the figure, V is the background potential, V2 is the latent image potential, and V
o is the limit potential. In the developing process, when the latent image forming medium is rubbed by the developer, V, becomes V as shown in Figure 2.
,', the potential level of V2 changes to V2'.
一般にはV,′とV,、V2′とV2の差は500乃至
1000ボルトである。しかし、潜像形成媒体の固有の
限界電位Voを越えた分は放電し、第3図の如くV,′
がV,″にまで落ちてしまい、結果としてV,″−V2
′の電位差になってしまう。Typically, the difference between V,' and V, and V2' and V2 is between 500 and 1000 volts. However, the amount exceeding the inherent limit potential Vo of the latent image forming medium is discharged, and as shown in FIG.
drops to V,″, resulting in V,″−V2
′ becomes the potential difference.
従って、V,″−V2′の電位差が出来る限り楢像形成
時の電位差(V,一V2)に近づくような摩擦電位であ
ることが望ましい。本発明は上記要望を満たすため、潜
像形成媒体の摩耗減少と印字濃度の劣化防止を主目的と
し、特に負摩擦帯電性潜像形成媒体のキャリアとして好
適な強負帯電性キャリアを提供することを目的とするも
のである。Therefore, it is desirable that the frictional potential be such that the potential difference V,''-V2' is as close to the potential difference (V,-V2) at the time of image formation as possible. The main purpose of this invention is to reduce wear and prevent deterioration of print density, and particularly to provide a strongly negatively chargeable carrier suitable as a carrier for a negatively triboelectrically chargeable latent image forming medium.
本発明は上述の観点より、キャリアに被覆する麓脂とし
てABSを選択したことを特徴とするものである。From the above-mentioned viewpoint, the present invention is characterized in that ABS is selected as the base resin to be coated on the carrier.
この選択された樹脂は、キャリア鉄粉等の固体表面に均
一にコーティングされる必要があるが、均一にコーティ
ングするためのロ÷タリードラィ法に適した溶媒(メチ
ルエチルケトン等)に溶解し均一コーティングが可能と
なる。This selected resin needs to be uniformly coated on a solid surface such as carrier iron powder, but it can be dissolved in a solvent (such as methyl ethyl ketone) suitable for the rotary drying method to achieve uniform coating. becomes.
ポリァクリロニトリルは溶媒トリクロヱチレンに溶解し
、A斑は溶媒クロロホルムに溶解し、ロータリードライ
法を適用出来る。Polyacrylonitrile is dissolved in the solvent trichloroethylene, A spots are dissolved in the solvent chloroform, and a rotary drying method can be applied.
ロータリードライ法とは、鉄あるいはガラス等の硬い表
面を、樹脂によって完全にしかも均一に被覆するため、
操作、装置が容易であり、この方法では、円周方向に回
転する円筒状のポットなコーティングする樹脂を必要量
充填し、キャリア材全体をひたしうる量の有機溶媒によ
って溶解する。The rotary dry method is used to completely and uniformly coat hard surfaces such as iron or glass with resin.
The operation and equipment are easy, and in this method, a cylindrical pot that rotates in the circumferential direction is filled with the required amount of coating resin, and is dissolved in an amount of organic solvent that is sufficient to soak the entire carrier material.
完全に溶解した事を確認した後キャリア基材を所定量加
えてポットを回転渡洋しつつ、この時揮発する有機溶媒
をポットの回転軸にとりつけた吸引管で取り出し、固体
炭酸によって冷却した凝縮器によって回収する。このポ
ットでさらさらな状態まで乾燥したものを、バットに取
り出し樹脂で相互にねばりついて会合した基材をふるい
わけし「正常にコーティングされたものを直温槽内で加
熱し、乾燥を完全に行こなう。ここでコーティング膜厚
は、キャリア基村の比表面積とコーティング樹脂量とか
ら推計し、表面状態はSEM観察によって確認できる。After confirming that it has completely dissolved, a predetermined amount of carrier base material is added, and the pot is rotated across the ocean, and the organic solvent that evaporates at this time is taken out with a suction tube attached to the rotating shaft of the pot, and the condenser is cooled with solid carbonic acid. Recover by. The material dried in this pot to a smooth state is taken out into a vat, and the base materials that have stuck to each other with resin are sieved out, and the properly coated material is heated in a direct temperature bath to ensure complete drying. Here, the coating film thickness is estimated from the specific surface area of the carrier substrate and the amount of coating resin, and the surface condition can be confirmed by SEM observation.
又、ABSは摩擦により負に帯電しうるものであり、こ
の摩擦帯電電位は、現像系内に含まれる各材料の摩擦帯
電性は、摩擦の対象となる物質の種類によって左右され
るが、酸化表面処理キャリア鉄粉と摩擦する際の帯電性
によって、表現するものとする。この電位変化は表面電
位計によって測定した。更に、潜像形成媒体の現像剤に
よる摩耗は均一膜べりと引つかき傷とから成り、このう
ち均一膜べりは潜像媒体の誘電率を予め測定しておき、
摩耗に伴なう静電容量を測定して、この2つの確から潜
像媒体膜厚変化して推計した。また引つかき陽は印字欠
陥、および潜像媒体表面の顕微鏡観察によって、傷の個
数そして測定したところ、ABS樹脂を用いたキャリア
もコーティングされていない鉄粉キャリアの場合の季の
摩耗量となり〜傷の発生率も60%減少した。又、コー
ティング膜厚は減摩効果の現われる限界膜厚0.1山肌
から、コーティング時のキャリア同志が結着した会合キ
ャリアの発生が増大する腰厚1.5ム仇の範囲が好まし
いことがわかった。In addition, ABS can be negatively charged by friction, and the triboelectric potential of each material included in the developing system depends on the type of substance that is the subject of friction, but It shall be expressed by the charging property when it rubs against the surface treatment carrier iron powder. This potential change was measured by a surface electrometer. Furthermore, wear of the latent image forming medium by the developer consists of uniform film wear and scratches, and among these, uniform film wear is determined by measuring the dielectric constant of the latent image medium in advance.
The capacitance due to wear was measured and estimated from these two values by changing the thickness of the latent image medium. In addition, the number of scratches and the number of scratches were determined by microscopic observation of printing defects and the surface of the latent image medium. The incidence of scars was also reduced by 60%. Furthermore, it has been found that the preferred coating film thickness ranges from the critical film thickness of 0.1 at which the anti-friction effect appears, to the range of 1.5 mm at which the occurrence of associated carriers in which carriers bind together during coating increases. Ta.
以下、本発明の実施例につき説明する。アクリロニトリ
ルにスチレンおよびプタジエンを共重合した、一般にA
BSと呼ばれる樹脂によつても同様の印字特性を有する
キャリアコーティングを行ないうる事もわかった。Examples of the present invention will be described below. Generally A, which is a copolymer of acrylonitrile with styrene and putadiene.
It has also been found that a carrier coating having similar printing characteristics can be made using a resin called BS.
市販A母のうち鐘淵化学工業■製カネェースS−10(
商品名)を使用した。この樹脂をポリエチレンタンクに
150夕入れクロロホルム2000ccを入れて溶解す
る。これに日本鉄粉製EFVIOO/200(商品名)
、15k9を入れ、回転鷹拝する。このポットを回転さ
せながら蒸発する溶媒を吸引ポンプによって回収する。
このような操作を1時間継続して、乾燥を完全にすると
所望のコーティドキャリアが得られる。これを1100
0の陣温槽で1時間乾燥した。このようにして作成した
キャリアはマィラーフィルム上に形成した6仇C′地の
静電潜像を0.0.1.2のレベルまで現像した。本発
明によって得たコーティドキヤリアを従来使用されて来
たキャリアと比較して次のような実験を行なった。Kanease S-10 manufactured by Kanebuchi Chemical Industry ■ among commercially available A mother (
(product name) was used. This resin was placed in a polyethylene tank for 150 minutes and then 2000 cc of chloroform was added thereto to dissolve it. To this, Nippon Iron Powder EFVIOO/200 (product name)
, put in 15k9 and do a rotating hawk worship. The solvent that evaporates while rotating the pot is collected by a suction pump.
This operation is continued for 1 hour to completely dry the coated carrier to obtain the desired coated carrier. This is 1100
It was dried in a temperature bath of 0 for 1 hour. The carrier thus prepared developed the electrostatic latent image of 6 C' on the Mylar film to a level of 0.0.1.2. The following experiment was conducted to compare the coated carrier obtained according to the present invention with a conventionally used carrier.
まず実施例によって得たコーティドキャリアおよび同和
鉄粉製酸化表面処理鉄粉DSP‐12解(商品名)の各
々に大日本インキ製ェポキシ系黒色染料含有正帯電トナ
ーTP一6(商品名)$の%を添加して現像剤を作成し
、各々を順に現像剤C、Dと呼ぶ事とした。これら現像
剤を、アクリル樹脂系マスタードラムを潜像形成媒体と
して搭載した高速にインパクトプリンタによって現像試
験を行なったところ、初期有効潜像強度250Vにおい
て、現像剤Cでは170yの潜像電位が現像に対して有
効に作用した。First, positively charged toner TP-6 (trade name) containing epoxy black dye manufactured by Dainippon Ink was added to each of the coated carrier obtained in the example and the oxidized surface-treated iron powder DSP-12 solution (trade name) manufactured by Dowa Iron Powder. A developer was prepared by adding % of the developer, and each was called developer C and D in that order. When these developers were subjected to a development test using a high-speed impact printer equipped with an acrylic resin master drum as a latent image forming medium, at an initial effective latent image strength of 250V, developer C had a latent image potential of 170y for development. It worked effectively against.
これに対して、現像剤DではliOVが有効に作用する
にとどまった。その結果、得られた印字濃度はCの場合
0.DI.1が得られた、これはDの場合の0.00.
85に比較して、鮮明度の向上が十分に図れるものであ
った。以上の様に、本発明によれば、潜像形成媒体の摩
耗が約享に減少し、更に後発生率も約60%減少し溶像
形成媒体の摩耗寿命が2倍に延長するという効果がえら
れ、更に印字濃度が向上し、極めて有用な現像剤そして
使用しえるものである。On the other hand, in developer D, liOV only acted effectively. As a result, the print density obtained was 0. D.I. 1 was obtained, which is 0.00.
Compared to 85, the sharpness could be sufficiently improved. As described above, according to the present invention, the wear of the latent image forming medium is reduced by approximately 60%, the after-effect rate is also reduced by approximately 60%, and the wear life of the molten image forming medium is doubled. Furthermore, the printing density is improved, and it is an extremely useful developer and can be used.
第1図は潜像形成時の潜像電位説明図、第2図は現像工
程における摩擦電位による潜像電位説明図、第3図は現
像工程における潜像電位説明図を示す。
第1図
第2図
第3図FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of the latent image potential during latent image formation, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of the latent image potential due to frictional potential in the developing step, and FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of the latent image potential in the developing step. Figure 1 Figure 2 Figure 3
Claims (1)
徴とする強負帯電性キヤリア。 2 前記樹脂被覆の厚さは0.1〜1.5μmであるこ
とを特徴とする特許請求の範囲第1項記載の強負帯電性
キヤリア。[Scope of Claims] 1. A strongly negatively chargeable carrier comprising magnetic powder coated with ABS resin. 2. The strongly negatively chargeable carrier according to claim 1, wherein the resin coating has a thickness of 0.1 to 1.5 μm.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP52160693A JPS6013170B2 (en) | 1977-12-28 | 1977-12-28 | Strongly negatively charged carrier |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP52160693A JPS6013170B2 (en) | 1977-12-28 | 1977-12-28 | Strongly negatively charged carrier |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS5492244A JPS5492244A (en) | 1979-07-21 |
JPS6013170B2 true JPS6013170B2 (en) | 1985-04-05 |
Family
ID=15720416
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP52160693A Expired JPS6013170B2 (en) | 1977-12-28 | 1977-12-28 | Strongly negatively charged carrier |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS6013170B2 (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5821023A (en) * | 1996-05-27 | 1998-10-13 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Developer of electrostatic latent image, carrier therefor, method for forming image and image forming apparatus thereby |
-
1977
- 1977-12-28 JP JP52160693A patent/JPS6013170B2/en not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPS5492244A (en) | 1979-07-21 |
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