JPS5985906A - Apparatus for judging type of vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To judge types of vehicles based on the number of axles, the number of wheels, tread data and light shielding data, by vertically stacking a plurality of pairs of light projecting and receiving devices which face each other on both sides of a vehicle path, and changing electric resistance in correspondence with the width of the treading actions of the wheels of the passing vehicles. CONSTITUTION:Vehicle separators 11 and 12 are arranged on both sides of a vehicle path W so as to face each other. A plurality of light projecting and receiving devices comprising photoelectric tubes are vertically arranged at an approximately equal interval in the vehicle separators. Light axes 14 are formed by the photoelectric tube light projecting and receiving devices. A wheel detector 13 is provided over the approximately full length of the vehicle path W and measures the number of axles, the number of wheels and the tread of the passing vehicles. Resistor contact points 21 and 22 are arranged on the passing areas of the wheels, receive the road pressures of the wheels, and measure the number of wheels and the tread of the passing vehicle. Flat type contact points are provided on the regions where the contact points 21 and 22 are not provided, and measure the number of axles of the passing vehicle. When the vehicle passes, the upper flat type contact point 26 is elastically deformed and contacted with the lower contact points 27. Only the deformed places become a shorted state, and the resistance value across both ends of the lower contact points 27 is changed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Fugenmei relates to a vehicle type identification device used in an unmanned system on toll roads.

Toll roads generally use a toll system in which tolls vary depending on vehicle type, such as permitted vehicles and large vehicles. Furthermore, on multi-section toll roads such as expressways, tolls determined for each section of use are collected.

In such toll road systems, at the entrance dirt of the entrance interchange, a person [coin] issues a toll ticket with necessary data filled in such as the interchange name and number, the date and time of entrance entry, and the vehicle model code according to the above classification. Then, the receiver takes this at the exit dirt of the exit interchange.The receiver reads the data of the ticket taken with the reader of the processing device and calculates the toll rate by vehicle type corresponding to the section to be used up to the exit interchange. The entire amount will be displayed and the staff will collect the displayed fee from the user.

However, toll road operations must be carried out throughout the day and night, and as the toll road network continues to expand, a large number of staff members are required.Therefore, there is a desire for unmanned entry and exit log routes at toll road interchanges.

As a method for unmanned entrances in conventional toll road systems, it has been proposed to automatically determine the type of passing vehicle, such as a regular car, large vehicle, etc., and issue a ticket corresponding to the vehicle. It is being

Automatic identification of vehicle type is possible by measuring the vehicle width value or tread (wheelbase) of passing vehicles. This can be achieved by installing several footboard switches at equal intervals.

However, even if we measure the vehicle width or tread and classify the vehicle by 14", there are some that cannot be identified according to Japan's current vehicle classification (as of November 1980) shown in Table 1. I'm coming.

In other words, some trucks with a maximum loading capacity of 4 to 6 tons use the same body, and the number of axles, number of wheels, wheelbase, and vehicle pattern are as shown in the first factor. Therefore, it is not possible to obtain a vehicle type discrimination accuracy of 100 inches only by measuring the vehicle width value or the travel and travel distance.

(Refer to Kusunoki's notes in Figure 1, 1.3.) Therefore, in addition to measuring the conventional vehicle width or tread of vehicles traveling on expressways, other measurement items (number of axles, number of wheels, vehicle 7
Considering the possibility of improving the accuracy of vehicle type identification by measuring 9 turns), we actually investigated the relationship between vehicle type and measurement items in the field and found the following. . In other words, (a) Among the matters clarified regarding the number of axles, two-axle vehicles are passenger-type vehicles (vehicles with a passenger capacity of 29 or more people) that belong to the large vehicle category H, and regular freight vehicles that belong to the large vehicle category ■. , and regular cars.

(iii) Three-axle vehicles are classified as large vehicles (1), except for passenger cars (cars with a seating capacity of 29 or more), which belong to the large vehicle (2) category.

(iiD 4-axle vehicles or larger vehicles are large vehicles I
All vehicles other than single-body four-axle vehicles that belong to the large vehicle category I belong to the large vehicle category I.

(b) Matters found regarding the number of wheels (1) A four-axle vehicle with a single body has a single tire on the second axle.

(ii) Towing vehicles other than (i) have double tires on the second axle.

(c) Matters found regarding vehicle patterns (
1) The upper and lower parts of the track are complicated in shape.

(11) Passes have simple shapes at the top and bottom, and Passes belonging to large vehicles H (passenger cars) have a large vehicle height, and Passes belonging to ordinary cars (seating capacity 11 Å or more and 29 Å or less) have a simple shape. The tube is small.

FIG. 1 shows the above relationship in a diagram.

The present invention was developed in view of the above circumstances, and corresponds to a phototube device in which a plurality of pairs of emitters and receivers are vertically stacked facing each other across a vehicle passageway, and the installation position of the device. an axle wheel detector that is buried in the vehicle passageway and changes electrical resistance in accordance with the width of the pedal pressure of the wheels of the passing vehicle, and detects the number of axles, the number of wheels, and the wheelbase of the passing vehicle based on this change; and the phototube device. and an axle wheel detector, and receives the output signals from both devices to determine the vehicle type based on the number of axles, number of wheels, and wheel pressure information for each vehicle, as well as the light shielding information of the phototube device based on the vehicle shape pattern when each vehicle passes. It is composed of a discrimination control device that outputs a discrimination signal, and if the number of axles, number of wheels, wheel pressure, and shape pattern of the vehicle can be specified, the 1'4J Yuzu classification can be accurately specified, which is detected by the 4Ql+ width detector. The ground contact width, wheel pressure, and number of axles of the wheels are detected based on the detection output corresponding to the wheel pressure action width and the pressure position of the passing vehicle. It is an object of the present invention to provide a vehicle type discriminating device that enables accurate vehicle type discrimination by performing independent discrimination based on information and outputting a discrimination signal.

Hereinafter, one embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing the installation situation of the vehicle type discrimination device of the present invention. 11.12 is a vehicle separator placed facing each other across the vehicle passage w'l, and a plurality of photocell tubes are installed. It is constructed by arranging the light emitters and receivers of the main beam at almost equal intervals with the same vertical force. 14 shows the optical axis constructed by the main light 'T! tube emitter and receiver. 11. The above-mentioned pattern of passing vehicles is measured by twelve vehicle separators.

Reference numeral 13 denotes an axle wheel detector installed on the vehicle passing path W almost to the full width of the vehicle separator 11.12, and measures the number of axles, the number of wheels, and the wheel pressure of passing vehicles as described above. . Note that W indicates a one-lane vehicle passageway through which vehicles pass, and IL indicates an island. Note that arrow TR indicates the direction of vehicle traffic.

FIG. 3 shows the structure of the axle wheel detector 13.

FIG. 3(a) is a plan view, and in the figure, 21° and 22 are resistance contacts, respectively. Two of the resistance contacts 21 and 220 are arranged in the right wheel passage area, and 22 is arranged in the left wheel passage area. The system measures the number of wheels and wheel pressure of passing vehicles by receiving wheel pressure.

The reason why there are two 21 and 22 is so that even if one fails, the other can function as a backup. 2.9, 24 are flat contacts connected to the corresponding resistance contacts 21.22 and arranged in the area where the resistance contacts 21.22 are not provided, and measure the number of axes of passing vehicles. 2
5 is a lead wire ・(b) in Fig. 3 is a resistance contact 21
．． 22, 26 is an upper flat contact, and 22 is a lower contact that is arranged horizontally at equal intervals with a predetermined gap on the lower side of the upper flat contact 26. Solid resistors 28 having the same resistance value are connected between adjacent lower contacts 27. The contact material is made of a material such as stainless steel, and when a vehicle passes by, the upper contact 26 is elastically deformed, and the elastically deformed point contacts the lower contact 27, causing a short circuit only at the deformed point. (c) in FIG. 3 shows the structure of the flat contacts 23 and 24, and 29 is the upper contact, 2J.

fi Lower tilj It is made of a material such as stainless steel, and is elastically deformed and touches the W point when a vehicle passes by.

FIG. 4 shows the axis 4 (explaining the operating principle of the detector 13). The resistive contacts 21.22 are arranged at the predetermined positions mentioned above, and the resistive contacts 21.22 are respectively ILeb+e+a'+b'.

It has a terminal C'. Among these, terminal a.

a' is connected to one end of the upper contact body 9 J, 33, b l b' is connected to one end of the resistor 32*34, and e + e' is connected to one end of the resistor 32, , ? 4 is connected to the other end.

Here, we will explain the principle of measuring the number of wheels and wheel pressure of a passing vehicle using this axle wheel detector 13. Now, a vehicle is equipped with a wheel A having a length where the wheel pressure is L and a tire width l. Suppose that the vehicle approaches the axle wheel detector 13 and presses the resistance contacts 21 and 22f.

The resistance contact 21 is placed on the left side of the center of the vehicle passageway W, which is the width of one lane, and the resistance contact 22 is placed on the right side. Therefore, the left wheel of the vehicle uses the resistance contact 21, and the right wheel uses the resistance contact When the contact 22 is pressed, the part of the upper contact body 3 of the resistance contact 21 that receives the pressure is depressed downward and comes into contact with the lower resistor 32. Similarly, the portion of the resistance contact 22 that receives pressure from the right wheel is depressed downward and comes into contact with the resistor 34 at the bottom.

This resistor 32. Upper contact body 31°33 in J4
Distinguishing between contact and non-contact parts, on the resistor 32 side, there is a contact part in the center with a width corresponding to the tire width l, and non-contact parts on both sides of it. On the resistor 34 side, there is a part in contact with the medium flame with a width corresponding to the tire width l, and
Non-jl contact portions are generated on both sides of it.

Among these, the resistance value of the resistor in the contact section corresponding to the tire width l is set as r2 '' 5, and the resistance value of the resistor in the non-contact section on both sides is r1 + r3 + r4, respectively.
+ r6, each resistor, ? 2, 3
The inter-terminal resistance value J'*R2' of both terminals b+c and b'*c' of 4 is the original resistance value fR1+Rt of each resistor 32゜34, then this R1e R
The resistance value obtained by subtracting the resistance value r t e r s of the short circuit section due to the contact of each of the upper contact bodies 31 and 33 from 2, that is, R1' = J - r, + R2'"" R2 - r5
So, when receiving pedal pressure, R, to R1' respectively.
+ The resistance value changes from J to R to I. By measuring and comparing the change in resistance value every time a vehicle passes a tire, it becomes possible to determine whether the vehicle's tire is a single tire or a double tire.

On the other hand, terminals aeb and aI, bI of resistance contacts 21.22
The resistance value of each section is the resistance value rt of the left 11tl group that does not contact the resistance contact 211 (in ll, the upper contact 31).
For the + or resistance contact 2211j, the resistance value r6 of the right side portion not in contact with the upper contact 33 is shown.

As described above, the installation positions 1 of the resistance contacts 21 and 22 on the road surface of the vehicle passageway W are predetermined positions extending along the transverse direction of the road surface from the center toward the left and right road shoulders, respectively.
Therefore, the sum of the resistance between terminals a and b and the resistance between terminals a'+b' is a value that is closely related to the wheel pressure of the vehicle.

Therefore, from these facts, the number of wheels and the wheel pressure can be measured.

FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of an apparatus according to the present invention. In the figure, 21 and 22 are resistance contacts, 31 and 33 are upper contact bodies of the respective resistance contacts 21 and 22, and 32 and 34 are resistors. a.

b +e+a'+t)'+e' is the resistance contact 21.2
The terminals 41, 44, 49, and 412 in 2 are resistance-voltage conversion circuits that convert resistance values into voltage values. Among these, 4 is the terminal a.

4 is connected between terminals b and e, and 44 is connected between terminals b and e.
9 is between terminals aZb', and 412 is between terminal b' +02
The resistance value shown between each connected terminal is converted into a positive chemical value and output.・42゜45.48.41
1 is a voltage change memory circuit for recording the peak value of voltage change; 42 is the resistance/voltage conversion circuit 41;
45 is connected to the positive conversion circuit 44 to receive the output voltage value and extract and store the peak value. Further, 48 is connected to the resistance-voltage conversion circuit 49 to extract and store the peak value of its output, and 411 is connected to the resistance-voltage conversion circuit 412 to extract and store the peak value of its output. Extract and store the peak value. 43
゜Is 46.47.410 an analog signal? , is an analog-digital conversion circuit that converts the output of 42 into an IF digital signal, and 46 is an analog-to-digital conversion circuit that converts the output of 42 into an IF digital signal. The output of ′i is
Further, 47 converts the output of 48, and 410 converts the output of 411 into digital signals and outputs them.

2s l 24u The flat contact point of the shaft wheel detector 13 is υ
, 413 indicates that these flat contacts 23, 24 and 25 are arranged in series in the direction of travel of the vehicle, and as the vehicle travels, there is a time lag due to wheel pressure, and the contacts are turned on sequentially. Using these flat contacts 2 J, 2
4.45 with a forward/reverse motion determination circuit that determines whether the axle is moving forward or backward based on the on/off state of the vehicle. 414 is an input/output interface circuit, and this input/output interface circuit 4J
4 &: 1 front 1 front 2 1 analog-to-digital conversion circuit, 4.7, 46, 47, 410, vehicle forward/backward motion discrimination circuit 413, and vehicle pattern discrimination circuit 41 to be described later.
The vehicle light shielding signal output from 8 and the vehicle model information based on the vehicle pattern information are sent to the CPU (Central Processing Unit) 416 ↓
It provides an input/output interface with the memory circuit 415 and the memory circuit 415. The memory 416 must be used to store programs and data.According to the stored programs, which will be described later, the CPU 416 performs the control 111 operation ta'(j, input/output interface z).
Processes the various information given through the bus circuit 414 to determine the vehicle type. 415 is a temporary storage of data and the working L rear = (.
1 is also used as t. 4) 61-416o is light ri
'1 emitter gas 4171-417n are phototube receivers 4=)su, Honmaru? An optical axis 14 is formed by the +L tube.

The vehicle type, such as a pass, a truck, or a truck, is determined based on the shape of the light-shielding pattern of the vehicle, which is caused by the light-shielding vehicle having an optical axis of 14' ft. Reference numeral 418 is a vehicle/turn identification circuit that performs such discrimination. From this vehicle R-turn identification circuit 418,
A vehicle type signal such as a bus or truck and a vehicle passing signal are sent to the input/output interface circuit 414.

In this device, in the standby state, the CPU 416 always monitors the input/output interface circuit 414 and waits for input from the outside.

Next, the operation of this device having the above configuration will be explained.

A case will be described in which actual unipolar discrimination is performed based on the relationship between the number of axles, wheels, wheel pressure, vehicle pattern, and vehicle type of the vehicle shown in FIG. 1 described above.

Now, if the vehicle passes through the vehicle separator 11.12, the plurality of light emitting and receiving devices 4 and 1 of the vehicle separator 11.12
416n and 4171 to 41211 block the optical axis 14 formed along the transverse direction of the vehicle passageway W, and a light blocking signal is output from the phototube located on the inserted optical axis, causing the vehicle to turn. The identification circuit 418 is inputted.

Then, based on these light-blocking signals, the vehicle/9-turn identification circuit 418 uses the light-blocking signals from the phototube receivers 4171 to 412n, which indicate the side shape information of the passing vehicle, to identify 2 and 1 in FIG. As explained in (a), (b), and (c), signals such as track, nose, etc. are sent to the human output interface circuit 414.

In this case, a vehicle passing signal is sent from the vehicle/turn identification circuit 418 to the human output interface circuit 414 while the vehicle is passing.

-Also, when the wheel portion approaches the position of the axle wheel detector 13, the entire wheel pressure is applied to the upper contact body 3 of the resistance contact 21, 22.
1 # J 3 is elastically deformed and comes into contact with the resistor: 42134 as detailed in Fig. 4, and between terminals a and l) of resistance contacts 21 * 22, between a' * b', between bee, and b' r
The resistance value between e' changes. Resistance-to-voltage conversion circuit 71641.44 connected between the terminals of each of these resistance values
．． 49T 412 as a stain pressure signal, and each of these voltage signals is given to the voltage change value storage circuit 42*45, 48, 411 provided at the subsequent stage of each, and the peak value of each voltage signal is be remembered. Each of these peak values is read out and given to an analog-to-digital conversion circuit 4 J e 46 t41.410 provided at the subsequent stage, and each is converted into a digital signal and given to an input/output interface circuit 414, which is via CPU
416. Then, the CPU 4J6 measures all the wheels b1ja as shown in item 1.3 in Figure 1 using the signal from the analog-digital conversion circuit 43.47, and classifies them into regular cars, large cars I, and H based on the measured values. .

Based on the signals from the master analog-to-digital conversion circuits 46 and 410, it is detected whether the tire is a single tire or a double tire, as shown in section 1.2 of FIG.

In addition, the axle wheel detector 13 has four flat contacts 23, 24, and the ψ1 wheel presses these in sequence when passing.The order of the pressing is determined by the direction of travel of the vehicle, so the flat contacts 23, Vehicle forward/backward motion determination circuit 41 connected to 24°
3 detects and discriminates the number of forward and backward axles of the vehicle, that is, the number of axles passed by forward motion and the number of axles passed by reverse motion, from the output status of the contact signal, and outputs the discrimination output from the human output interface circuit 4J4>- to the CPU. 4 J Give to 6.

(By this signal, the number of axles of a vehicle that has passed 1ljl is measured once, and based on this, the vehicle is classified into vehicle types as shown in 1.1 in Fig. 1.) Then, the CPU 416 Until the vehicle passes, for example, while the light shielding signal output of the vehicle separator j1.12 changes, the above-mentioned input information is taken in and stored in the memory circuit 415. And outside the vehicle: 11.12
When the vehicle completes passing through the position of
A vehicle type discrimination signal of the vehicle shape pattern is obtained.

Then, based on these vehicle type discrimination elements, the vehicle type of the passing vehicle is determined from a single discrimination table set in advance in the memory circuit 415 based on Table 1, and the discrimination result is sent via the input/output interface circuit 414. Send to an external device connected to this device.

Next, the routine for determining the vehicle type based on the assumption that a vehicle actually passes is shown in the flowchart shown in FIG. Based on this information, we can classify the items according to the number of axes, that is, answer the questions shown in 1.1 in Figure 1.
-Second Step' Determination is made in Stl to St2. That is, it is determined in the first step st1 whether or not the number of axes is 2, and if it is 2 axes, in the fifth step St5, the number of axes is 2.
If it is not the axis, move to St2 and judge whether it is the 3rd axis or not 0 At the 2nd axis, we execute the 5th Stella f St5 i
The /ξ wheel vehicle pressure value obtained by the axle wheel detector 13 is compared with the vehicle width value defined as the vehicle type classification of a regular vehicle, and if it is within the specified value, the vehicle is determined to be a regular vehicle. If the specified value is exceeded, the process moves to the third xfzu7' St3, and the pattern information of the vehicle obtained by the vehicle separator 11.12 is displayed. Classify into bus patterns.

On the other hand, when it is determined that the vehicle is 3i111,
Proceed to St3 and classify into track or path pattern.

If it is determined in St. 3 that the pattern is a pass pattern, the process proceeds to the 6th step, Sozo st 6, where the vehicle separator 11 is again operated as described in items (b) and s (c) of item 2゜1 in Fig. 1.
Vehicle height information i/(+12), if the vehicle surface is small, it is classified as Eiji [tl east, and if the vehicle height is thick, it is classified as large east IIvc.

If it is not determined in St3 that the pattern is a truck pattern, the vehicle is classified as a large vehicle l.
If it is determined that it is more than that, the process proceeds to the fourth step St4, and as explained in item 1.2 of FIG.
Measure the number of wheels on the first wheel, and if it is a single tire, it is a large vehicle■
If the vehicle has double tires, it is classified as large vehicle 11.

As a result of the above, the vehicle type of the passing vehicle can be determined, and information on the vehicle type classification is output as a vehicle type discrimination signal.

As a result, the conventional vehicle type discrimination device discriminates the vehicle type by measuring only the wheel pressure of the vehicle, or only by measuring the wheel pressure of the vehicle and the number of axles, so it was not possible to obtain sufficient vehicle type discrimination accuracy. Additionally, this device can identify the vehicle type with higher accuracy by adding the number of wheels and the vehicle's /4' turn information to these detection items.

As described in detail above, the present invention provides a vehicle passageway platform, a phototube device that vertically stacks a plurality of light emitters and receivers facing each other, and a vehicle passageway that corresponds to the installation position of the phototube device. An axle wheel detector that is buried and changes electrical resistance according to the width of the pedal pressure of the wheels of passing vehicles and detects the number of axles, the number of wheels, and wheel pressure based on this change, and is connected to the phototube device and the axle wheel detector. A discrimination control device receives the output signals of both devices and outputs a vehicle capture discrimination signal based on information on the number of axles, number of wheels, wheel width, and light shielding information of a phototube device based on the vehicle shape pattern when the vehicle passes; If the number of vehicle axles, number of wheels, wheel pressure, and vehicle shape pattern can be identified, the vehicle type can be accurately identified. The detection output detects the ground contact width of the wheels, the wheel pressure, and the number of axles, and the optical heavy tube device detects light shielding information that indicates the side shape of the vehicle.This information can be used to identify the vehicle type. Since it is possible to accurately identify the vehicle type, it is possible to accurately determine which vehicle category it falls under in the first category, which could not be determined because some vehicles overlap in form with other vehicle category categories. We have developed a vehicle type identification device that can automatically perform accurate vehicle type determination, and by using the 16 light shielding signals together, the alt of the shift track and pass will be at the i''J fjth point. can be provided.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above and shown in the drawings, but can be implemented with appropriate modifications within the scope of the gist thereof.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a diagram for explaining the relationship between the number of vehicle axles, the number of wheels, the roadway, the vehicle shape pattern, and the vehicle type, Fig. 2 is a perspective view showing the installation situation of the device of the present invention, and Fig. 3 is an axle diagram. A diagram showing the configuration of the wheel detector, FIG. 4 is a diagram for explaining the operating principle of the axle wheel detector, and FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the device of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of the vehicle type determination routine of the apparatus of the present invention. 11.12...Vehicle separator, 13...Axle wheel detector,
21.22... Resistance contact, 23.24... Flat contact, 41.44, 49.412... Resistance-voltage conversion circuit, 42, 45.48.411... Voltage change value storage circuit , 4 J + 46 , 47 , 410... Analog -
Digital conversion circuit, 413...Vehicle forward/backward motion determination circuit, 414...I/O interface circuit λ415.
...Memory circuit, 416...CPU5 4 J 61
~4 noro n... Floodlight, 4171~417n... Light 1 (L tube receiver, 418... Vehicle pattern identification circuit. Continued from page 1 0 Inventor: Sakae Sato - Komatsudori, Hyogo-ku, Kobe City 5-1-16 Ryoju Environmental Distribution Engineering Co., Ltd.

Claims (1)

[Claims] Installation of a phototube device in which multiple pairs of emitters and receivers are stacked vertically facing each other across the vehicle passageway, and a phototube device (embedded in the vehicle passageway corresponding to the 4 positions) an axle wheel detector that changes the total electrical resistance according to the width of the pedal pressure applied to the wheel and detects the number of axles, the number of wheels, and the wheelbase of the vehicle based on this change;
It is connected to the phototube device and the axle wheel detector, and receives the output signals of both devices, including the number of axles, number of wheels, and wheel pressure information for each vehicle, as well as the vehicle shape when each vehicle passes)! A vehicle type discriminating device comprising: a discriminating control device that outputs a vehicle type discriminating signal based on light shielding information of a photoelectric tube device based on a turn;