JPS5966054A - Zinc alkaline battery - Google Patents
Zinc alkaline batteryInfo
- Publication number
- JPS5966054A JPS5966054A JP17573282A JP17573282A JPS5966054A JP S5966054 A JPS5966054 A JP S5966054A JP 17573282 A JP17573282 A JP 17573282A JP 17573282 A JP17573282 A JP 17573282A JP S5966054 A JPS5966054 A JP S5966054A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- electrolyte
- zinc
- alkaline
- amount
- polymer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/06—Electrodes for primary cells
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業−にの利用分野
本発明は!717鉛アルカリ電池の負極部の構成に関す
る。[Detailed Description of the Invention] Industrial Application Fields This invention is! This invention relates to the configuration of the negative electrode part of the 717 lead-alkaline battery.
従来例の構成どその問題点
アルカリ水溶液を電解液に用いる場合の亜鉛溶解反応は
、きわめて複雑であって、放電が進行すると表面に不働
態化被膜が生成して抵抗が高くなり反応が阻害される。Problems with the structure of conventional examples The zinc dissolution reaction when an alkaline aqueous solution is used as the electrolyte is extremely complex, and as the discharge progresses, a passivation film is formed on the surface, increasing the resistance and inhibiting the reaction. Ru.
これを避けるため亜鉛アルカリ電池の負極活物質として
の亜鉛は表面積を広くしてイオンの流入流出が容易なよ
うに、紡錘形の粒子の形態で用いる。また負極部の構成
も、亜鉛粒の間隙にイオンの拡散を容易にし、かつ電子
伝導性を高めるようにポリスチレン、ビニロン、ポリア
クリル酸などの短繊維とかZnO,CaOなどの無機物
粉末を添加し、加圧成形したものを用いたり、カルボキ
シメチルセルロースのNa塩、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウ
ムなどの竜角イ質高分子を用いて亜鉛粒子を懸濁状態と
しゲル化したものを用いたりする。To avoid this, zinc as a negative electrode active material in zinc-alkaline batteries is used in the form of spindle-shaped particles to increase the surface area and facilitate the inflow and outflow of ions. In addition, the structure of the negative electrode part is made by adding short fibers such as polystyrene, vinylon, polyacrylic acid, etc., and inorganic powders such as ZnO, CaO, etc. to facilitate the diffusion of ions into the gaps between the zinc grains and to increase the electronic conductivity. A pressure-molded product is used, or a gelatinized product in which zinc particles are suspended and gelled using a carboxymethylcellulose Na salt or a polyacrylic polymer such as sodium polyacrylate is used.
このような従来の負極部の構成では色々な欠点があった
。まず、短繊維もしくは無機物粉末だけを添加する場合
、亜鉛粉末を負極部に広く均一に分散させるだめにはか
なり多量の添加が必要であり、その分だけ亜鉛および電
解液が充填できず、電池の放電容量が少なくなる。まだ
電解液はゲル化されていないので耐漏液性が悪い。さら
に、短繊維は亜鉛粉末との混合性が悪く、均一混合がで
きないなどの欠点があった。Such a conventional structure of the negative electrode part has various drawbacks. First, when only short fibers or inorganic powders are added, a fairly large amount of zinc powder is required to be widely and uniformly dispersed in the negative electrode, and the zinc and electrolyte cannot be filled to that extent, causing the battery to deteriorate. Discharge capacity decreases. Since the electrolyte has not yet been gelled, leakage resistance is poor. Furthermore, short fibers have poor miscibility with zinc powder, making it impossible to mix them uniformly.
また電解質高分子(ゲル化剤)だけを添加する場合、亜
鉛粒子を均一に分散させることは可能であるが、ゲル化
のなされた電解液の粘性で亜鉛粉末を保持しているため
、衝撃や、加速度が加えられるとゲル電解液の粘性流動
により亜鉛粉末が偏在してし捷う。実際に電池を亜鉛粉
末が集電端子から離れる方向に加速度をかけるような重
力負荷試験後、短絡電流を測定すると不良が多く起こる
。Furthermore, when only an electrolyte polymer (gelling agent) is added, it is possible to uniformly disperse the zinc particles, but since the viscosity of the gelled electrolytic solution holds the zinc powder, it is difficult to prevent shock and When acceleration is applied, the zinc powder becomes unevenly distributed due to the viscous flow of the gel electrolyte. In fact, when a battery is subjected to a gravity load test in which the zinc powder is accelerated in a direction in which it moves away from the current collector terminal, and the short circuit current is measured, many defects occur.
丑だ、このような不良を起こさないようにゲル化剤の添
加量を多くして粘度を上げると電池の内部抵抗が上昇し
、低温での高負荷放電特性が悪くなるなどの欠点があっ
た。Unfortunately, in order to avoid such defects, adding a large amount of gelling agent to increase the viscosity had the disadvantage of increasing the internal resistance of the battery and worsening high-load discharge characteristics at low temperatures. .
発明の目的
本発明は上記従来例の欠点をなくし耐衝撃がよく、かつ
低温での高負荷放電特性のよい亜鉛アルカリ電池の提供
を目的としている。OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to eliminate the drawbacks of the above-mentioned conventional examples and to provide a zinc-alkaline battery that has good impact resistance and high load discharge characteristics at low temperatures.
発明の構成
アルカリ電解液に電解液量に対して1.3〜2.6wt
%の電解質高分子と電解液量に対して1.0〜3.
0VO1%の直径10〜30μの短繊維と、さらに亜鉛
粉末を分散混合させた所謂ゲル負極とする。Constituent composition of the invention: 1.3 to 2.6 wt relative to the amount of electrolyte in the alkaline electrolyte
% of electrolyte polymer and electrolyte amount from 1.0 to 3.
A so-called gel negative electrode is prepared by dispersing and mixing 0VO1% short fibers with a diameter of 10 to 30μ and zinc powder.
実施例の説明
酸化亜鉛をtsoy/fl 含んだ40 wt%水酸
化カリウム電解液1.0Kgに対して1.3wt%のカ
ルボキシメチルセルロースのNa塩と、直径10μのア
ルカリ水溶液に可溶な成分を取り除いたセルロース短繊
維(直径10μ、長さ2閾)を電解液に対し3 、 o
Vo 1%に相当する重量とさらに水化率1゜wt
%で粒度80〜200 meshの水化亜鉛粉末1.2
8KG+を内歴積1.5iV、のプラスチック攪拌容器
中で徐々に混合し、全部を入れ終った時点から約30分
間をかけて均一混合し、ゲル負極を作る。Description of Examples 1.3 wt% Na salt of carboxymethyl cellulose and components soluble in an alkaline aqueous solution with a diameter of 10μ were removed from 1.0 kg of a 40 wt% potassium hydroxide electrolyte containing tsoy/fl of zinc oxide. Cellulose short fibers (diameter 10 μ, length 2 threshold) were added to the electrolyte solution for 3.
Weight equivalent to Vo 1% and further hydration rate 1゜wt
Zinc hydrate powder with particle size 80-200 mesh in % 1.2
8KG+ was gradually mixed in a plastic stirring container with an internal volume of 1.5 iV, and from the time when all the contents were added, the mixture was uniformly mixed for about 30 minutes to prepare a gel negative electrode.
第1図は実施例のゲル負極を用いた5R44(直径11
.6咽、総高5.4mm)のボタン型アルカリ電池の半
載断面を示す。図中1はニッケルメッキした鉄製の正極
ケース、2はケース1内に圧縮成形した正極合剤で酸化
銀95wt%と黒鉛粉末5wt%からなる。3はセパレ
ータ、4は電解液含浸利、5は本発明のゲル負極で電池
1ケあたり約370ff19を使用している。6は負極
端子をかねた封口板、7はナイロンよりなるガスケット
、8は正極リングである。Figure 1 shows a 5R44 (diameter 11 mm) using the gel negative electrode of the example.
.. This figure shows a half-mounted cross-section of a button-type alkaline battery with a diameter of 6 mm and a total height of 5.4 mm. In the figure, 1 is a positive electrode case made of nickel-plated iron, and 2 is a positive electrode mixture compression-molded inside the case 1, which is composed of 95 wt% silver oxide and 5 wt% graphite powder. 3 is a separator, 4 is an electrolyte impregnated electrode, and 5 is a gel negative electrode of the present invention, of which approximately 370ff19 is used per battery. 6 is a sealing plate which also serves as a negative electrode terminal, 7 is a gasket made of nylon, and 8 is a positive electrode ring.
第2図は実施例の電池を含み、セルロース短繊維の添加
量をQ〜4Vo1%で、カルボキシメチルセルロースの
Na塩濃度を短繊維の添加量の増加とともに5.3〜o
、55wt %に変化させたときの5R44電池の特性
を示す。それらの内、漏液率は同じ構成の電池100個
づつを温度45℃湿度9Q%雰囲気中で40日保持した
のちa潅した電池の個数を示す。寸だ短絡電流は電池中
の亜鉛粉末が集電端子から離れる方向に加速度300G
を3σ分かけた後、1にΩの抵抗を負荷させた瞬間に流
れる電流を示す。さらに放電時間は温度−2゜℃で、2
6Ω2秒ON、1秒OFFのパルス放電をかけたときの
終止電圧o、ysVJでの時間を示している。Figure 2 includes the battery of the example, the amount of cellulose short fibers added was Q~4Vo1%, and the Na salt concentration of carboxymethylcellulose was changed from 5.3 to 5.3o as the amount of short fibers added was increased.
, shows the characteristics of a 5R44 battery when changed to 55wt%. Among these, the leakage rate indicates the number of batteries that were soaked after 40 days of holding 100 batteries of the same configuration in an atmosphere at a temperature of 45° C. and a humidity of 9Q%. The short circuit current is an acceleration of 300G in the direction of the zinc powder in the battery moving away from the current collector terminal.
After multiplying by 3σ minutes, it shows the current that flows at the moment when a resistance of Ω is loaded on 1. Furthermore, the discharge time is 2°C at a temperature of -2°C.
It shows the time at the end voltage o, ysVJ when a pulse discharge of 6Ω is applied for 2 seconds ON and 1 second OFF.
ここで、実施例では電解質高分子にカルボキシメチルセ
ルロースのNa塩を用いたが、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウ
ム等の電解質高分子を用いても同様の効果があり、まだ
短繊維にポリスチレン、ビニロン等を用いても同様であ
り、さらに短繊維の直径も1o〜30μの範囲のもので
あれば同様な効果が得られた。Here, although Na salt of carboxymethyl cellulose was used as the electrolyte polymer in the example, the same effect can be obtained by using an electrolyte polymer such as sodium polyacrylate, and it is still possible to use polystyrene, vinylon, etc. as the short fiber. The same effect was obtained if the diameter of the short fibers was within the range of 10 to 30 μm.
発明の効果
短繊維の添加により亜鉛粒子を均一に保持させ低温での
高負荷放電特性を向上できる。Effects of the Invention By adding short fibers, zinc particles can be held uniformly and high load discharge characteristics at low temperatures can be improved.
第1図は本発明の一実施例の亜鉛アルカリ電池の構成図
、第2図は電池特性の比較図である。
1・・・・・・ケース、2 ・・・・正極、3・・・・
・セノ々レータ、4・−・・・含浸材、6・・・・・・
負極、6・・・・・封口板、7・・・・・・ガスケット
、8・・・陽極リング。
代理人の氏名 弁理士 中 尾 敏 男 ほか1名第1
図
第2図
高砂jt ’W ’l /l+顔f (wtye vo
t:、1yte)2FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a zinc-alkaline battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a comparison diagram of battery characteristics. 1...Case, 2...Positive electrode, 3...
- Senorator, 4... Impregnating material, 6...
Negative electrode, 6... Sealing plate, 7... Gasket, 8... Anode ring. Name of agent: Patent attorney Toshio Nakao and 1 other person No. 1
Figure 2 Takasago jt 'W 'l /l + face f (wtye vo
t:, 1yte)2
Claims (2)
分子と電解液に対して1.0〜3.0Vo1%に相当す
る重量の1μ径10〜30μの短繊維を含有する負極部
を構成要素とする亜鉛アルカリ電池。(1) Contains an electrolyte polymer with a weight of 1.3 to 2.6 wt relative to the electrolytic solution and short fibers with a 1μ diameter of 10 to 30μ and a weight corresponding to 1% of 1.0 to 3.0Vo relative to the electrolyte. A zinc-alkaline battery that consists of a negative electrode.
ロースのNa塩で、短繊維がアルカリ電解液に可溶な成
分を除去したセルロースである特許請求の範囲第1項記
載の11[I鉛アルカリ電池。(2) '? 11. The 11[I lead-alkaline battery according to claim 1, wherein the EF4 polymer is Na salt of carboxymethyl cellulose, and the short fibers are cellulose from which components soluble in an alkaline electrolyte have been removed.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP17573282A JPS5966054A (en) | 1982-10-06 | 1982-10-06 | Zinc alkaline battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP17573282A JPS5966054A (en) | 1982-10-06 | 1982-10-06 | Zinc alkaline battery |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS5966054A true JPS5966054A (en) | 1984-04-14 |
JPH0410708B2 JPH0410708B2 (en) | 1992-02-26 |
Family
ID=16001266
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP17573282A Granted JPS5966054A (en) | 1982-10-06 | 1982-10-06 | Zinc alkaline battery |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPS5966054A (en) |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05129017A (en) * | 1991-10-31 | 1993-05-25 | Fuji Elelctrochem Co Ltd | Alkaline cell |
JPH06243861A (en) * | 1993-02-16 | 1994-09-02 | Fuji Elelctrochem Co Ltd | Alkaline cell |
Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5311057A (en) * | 1976-07-19 | 1978-02-01 | Nippon Steel Corp | Wire diameter measuring method and apparatus of drawing wire |
-
1982
- 1982-10-06 JP JP17573282A patent/JPS5966054A/en active Granted
Patent Citations (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS5311057A (en) * | 1976-07-19 | 1978-02-01 | Nippon Steel Corp | Wire diameter measuring method and apparatus of drawing wire |
Cited By (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPH05129017A (en) * | 1991-10-31 | 1993-05-25 | Fuji Elelctrochem Co Ltd | Alkaline cell |
JPH06243861A (en) * | 1993-02-16 | 1994-09-02 | Fuji Elelctrochem Co Ltd | Alkaline cell |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0410708B2 (en) | 1992-02-26 |
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