JPS59501959A - solid fuel combustor - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] name of invention Solid fuel combustor Description Technical field The present invention provides a combustion gas for boiler equipment that is incorporated into a boiler or is present. The present invention relates to a solid fuel combustor designed as a pre-stage combustor that supplies gas.

Conventional technology Adopting a grate for the combustion bed or the main combustion air to maintain combustion Many solid fuels employ a cooled combustion furnace bottom wall through which the fuel bed is fed. A fuel combustor has been proposed. British Patent Book A No. 2o92294A covers fuel passes through the hopper outlet into multiple cooled and inclined stacks vertically downward. Open the solid fuel combustor fed to the bottom wall of the combustion furnace, which consists of matching metal plates. It shows. The fuel bed is designed to maintain a constant flow of fuel without slippage of fresh fuel at the top of the fuel bed. It slides on the bottom wall of the combustion furnace, which is cooled to the surface. formed by this integral movement of fuel. The clinker (baked lump) is jF! ! A clinker accumulation area is formed on the bottom wall of the kiln. automatically scrape it off. This solid fuel combustor burns a wide range of particulate solid fuels. However, it is very useful when the fuel contains some particulates of O. When you're on the right track, you're hitting a big limit.

With such fuels, wet combustion tends to be localized and irregular, and the fuel bed is crater-shaped. carbon monoxide levels in the flue gas. This is unfilial.

This is because it is currently on a conventional grate or as described in British Patent No. 2092294A. No combustion can occur on the cooled bottom wall of the combustion furnace, and the height of the fluidized bed combustor increases. Is surplus fuel that requires similar technology for combustion currently widely available internationally? It is et al. Such combustors are expensive and are only suitable for large-scale thermal power generation. Demand for fuel, many of which are by-products of other fuel manufacturing processes, is rising short of demand. The international oversupply of such fuels is increasing. . .

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to overcome the drawbacks of previously proposed solid fuel combustors and to Particles containing large amounts of fine particles, whether scale or industrial scale An object of the present invention is to provide a combustor capable of burning solid fuel.

Book origination In the present invention, the fuel forms a combustion bed, and this combustion bed collects clinker along the bottom wall of the furnace. The main combustion air flows into the fuel to maintain combustion as it slides integrally up to the product area. In the bottom wall of the cooled combustion furnace sloping downwards with an opening for introducing the throat includes a fuel hopper for supplying particulate solid fuel downward through the A reciprocating member is used to repeatedly compact the fuel in the fuel bed as it burns. To provide a solid fuel combustor characterized in that it is provided in the throat of a par.

It has been discovered that the position of the reciprocating member is very important. According to the invention, the round trip The movable member is located in the throat of the hopper and when the reciprocating member is extended the fuel bed The fuel inside is compacted, and when the reciprocating member retracts, it is released from the upper hopper. Preferably, the reciprocating member is designed to drop more fuel into the space formed. It is placed parallel to the general plane of the grill. Regular flow of fuel in the fuel bed Accompanied by tamping, the fuel is advanced along the bottom wall of the combustion furnace less frequently. It is desirable to provide a stroke of the reciprocating member. This intermittent fuel movement sometimes occurs. This may be the result of a longer stroke of the reciprocating member, or alternatively The idea is to use a reciprocating member of the curve installed just below the tamping member. You may be This long stroke or the rotor of the second member crosses the throat. and extends to the fuel bed.

The solid fuel combustor of the present invention contains up to 25% particulates by weight. It has been confirmed that regular and controlled combustion of particulate solid fuel can be provided. desire Or, the maximum screw size in the fuel is 2.5 m or less, and the fuel is 15% by weight. particle size of 8 mm or less, preferably less than 10 weight cent. It is more advantageous to contain more than one particle. The solid fuel combustor of the present invention Commercially available fuels that are always well suited are:

Avenue Breeze: This is a disassembled and fragmented Sunbright(TM) Ru. Sunbright is a high temperature and hard coke. Contains a high percentage of fine particles. It has a very strong abrasive action, making it unsuitable for many applications. Sunbright is the original It burns very well in a solid fuel combustor due to light, and its abrasive action does not cause any problems. Don't spill it.

Rex] (Trademark) and Corelight (Trademark): These are the Avenues described above. It is a low-temperature gas containing more volatile matter than Breeze. fragmented state However, these results are very unsatisfactory when burned in other types of solid fuel combustors. However, very satisfactory combustion and good efficiency were obtained with the combustor according to the present invention. Ta.

Coal particulates: These vary up to 30% depending on the degree and depth of tamping of the fuel bed. The solid fuel combustor of the present invention does not cause excessive soot formation. It was possible to burn it efficiently without any heat.

Processed coal tar: This] - Lutar is made from finely divided waste or wood. It may be mixed with materials. Heavy coal tar fragments contain a high calorific value, When used as a fuel, it can be provided in the form of pellets. of this fuel The heat content is less intense, for example in sawdust or shredded waste. It is preferable to mix it with water. This mixing results in non-condensing in the solid fuel combustor of the present invention An artificial fuel that always burns well is obtained.

All of the fuels mentioned above are normally used dry, but they contain significant amounts of water. However, it was found that combustion could be achieved without much loss in efficiency. If the fuel In cases where moisture is likely to accumulate, the long stroke of the member will force the fuel forward in a regular manner. It has been discovered that doing so is very effective. This long stroke , in the drying area of the fuel bed formed between the throat of the hopper and the fuel combustion area, 1! ! It is desirable to push the department far enough.

The combustor of the present invention allows the combustion chamber to pass through at least some openings formed in the bottom wall of the combustion furnace. automatic heating in the form of an electric heater to heat the main combustion air supplied by the It may also be equipped with a dynamic ignition device. It is also equipped with an automatic clinker removal device. It's okay to do that. For example, a clinker deposition area is a region in which clinker falls and Connected to the clinker trough where the talin force is automatically removed by the leading screw. tied together.

The combustor of the present invention provides combustion air (primary and/or secondary) control and fuel Simultaneously control the degree of fuel compaction in the bed and the degree of downward mobility along the combustion bed. Rukoto can. The depth of the fuel bed is determined by setting the size of the hopper throat. It can be made variable. Simple static cooled combustion alternative to old style grates These features have never been considered in solid fuel combustion equipment with a furnace bottom wall. By controlling different elements, even in the case of a fuel with a high fine particle content1 as described above, the fuel Amazingly reduces unwanted carbon monoxide and particulates emitted from chimney chimneys It was found to be sufficient to

Best practice In the attached drawing, FIG. 1 is a vertical cross-section of a fuel hopper and a bottom wall of a combustion furnace of a solid fuel combustor according to the present invention. side view, and Figure 2 shows the vertical line ■-■ in Figure 1 along the hard fuel combustor and associated boiler. Plan the cross section. The details of the boiler are omitted in FIG. 2 as they do not add weight to the present invention. ing.

For clarity, the granular solid fuel 1o shown in Figure 1 is located in the upper right corner of the fuel bed used. It is omitted from FIG. 2 except for a small dotted line 10a indicating the azalea. Figure 1 shows the fuel 1° is stored in hopper 12. a front wall 14 and a side wall (not shown) of the hopper; is vertical, and the rear wall 16 is the area encountered when the fuel 10 falls to the bottom wall of the combustion furnace due to gravity. In order to minimize the fuel bridging phenomenon caused by are doing.

The lowermost end of the front wall 14 of hopper 2 is provided, generally indicated at 22, through which fuel flows. an adjustable throat-forming prism that forms the throat 20 of the hopper to reach the fuel bed A rate of 18 is provided. Fuel bed? 2 is provided by the inclined plate 24 and 2゛6. It is formed by the RFj stacked on the bottom wall of the combustion furnace. To achieve a rate of 26 cooling and some pre-heating of the wheeler water, the water Plate 26 is water cooled because cladding 28 is formed directly beneath it.

As indicated generally at 30 in FIG. It is formed through the plate 26. As a result, the combustion zone in the fuel bed is It is just above the reduction zone as indicated at 32 in the figure. Shown in Figure 1 As shown in Figure 1, uncontrolled combustion of fuel in the fuel bed can cause craters. (crater) 34 is formed. When such lathes are formed, solid fuel burns. The efficiency of the kiln decreases and the emissions from the chimney increase significantly. The invention is described below. The method described below is used to prevent the formation of such latitudes. Ru.

As is clear from Figure 1, it is listed in the UK patent application number box 2092294A. By the method described and claimed, the main combustion air is also diverted from the plenum chamber 36 to the overflow chamber 36. Between the plates 24 and 26 to be inserted and between the plate 26 and the plate 26, It passes between the tarinkar deposition tray 38 which is cooled with water. The clinker formed on the tray 38 falls 9 into a trough 40 from which the screw -42 automatically removed. Secondary air is supplied from the plenum chamber 36 as shown in FIGS. through an upright vibrator 46 extending through the fuel bed as shown in FIG. The water is supplied to the distribution tube 44 through a distribution pipe provided on the side of the tube.

According to the invention, an actuator controlled by a ram or torque motor (not shown) The tuator means 50 and 52 prevent the formation of craters and reduce the combustion bed of the fuel. movement is controlled. According to the illustrated embodiment, a ram or torque motor By applying regular vibrations to the actuator 50, the actuator 50 performs a regular reciprocating motion in the throat 20 with a stroke length shown at 54 in FIG. cormorant. Actuator 52 moves during this regular reciprocating motion of actuator 50. The bin 56 of the actuator 50 is moved relative to the actuator 52 to prevent I can hear it. However, a pre-programmed sea fence allows the actuator to Actuator 50 is connected to actuator 50 so that 52 can move by an amount of 58. 52 and is forced to move long strokes beyond the limits of free movement between the two. distance Regular vibration of the actuator 50 over a distance 54 causes no crater 34 to form. As the fuel burns in the fuel bed, it may be sufficient to simply tamp down the fuel. Then, degrees of motion 54 and 58 are selected. Intermittent long actuator 50 When the actuators 50 and 52 are retracted by the moving distance 58), the bottom wall of the combustion furnace so that more fuel can fall into the throat 20 of the hopper. The fuel bed of fuel is integrally moved sufficiently downward along.

0 By having actuators 50 and 52 have two different stroke lengths, Not only is there no crater 34 formation, but the solid fuel combustor is regularly controlled. It is possible to achieve the combustion of fuel that is The two stroke lengths are the stroke circumference Adjustable along with period and stroke speed.

Figure 2 shows how the solid fuel combustor of the present invention is arranged along the boiler. The combustion gases pass under the baffle 62 from the combustor at 60. is introduced into the boiler 64. The boiler floor 66 is usually made of firebrick or ceramic. It is made up of solid substances.

FIG. 2 also shows a water coated air inlet 68 from which the fuel Baking air is introduced into the plenum chamber 36. In actual use, the air supply is controlled by the actuator. Obviously, the control of the controllers 50 and 52 is also monitored.

international search report 1m! IM1m-＾umie-bm No, :PCT/GB B2/’0n- 31℃ANNEX To THP INTERNATIONAL 5EARCH REPORT　0NPant　document　Publication Patent family Publication cited in 5 search date me+nber(s) dateeport

Claims (1)

[Claims] (1) As the fuel moves along the bottom wall of the combustion furnace toward the clinker deposition area 38, an opening is provided to provide a passage for the main combustion air to pass upward through the bed of fuel. Particles are passed through the throat 2 onto the bottom wall 26 of the combustion furnace, which is tilted downward and cooled. It has a hopper 12 that distributes solid fuel particles downward, and as the fuel burns, A reciprocating member 5 is provided at the throat of the hopper for compacting the fuel in the fuel bed. A solid fuel combustor comprising: (2) The reciprocating member 5 is characterized by a surface parallel to the inclined bottom wall surface of the combustion furnace. The solid fuel combustor according to item 1 below. (3) The reciprocating member 5 moves the fuel bed of fuel toward the clinker deposition area 38 at the bottom of the combustion furnace. The fastener according to claim 2 is moved along the wall 26 in a periodic and gradually increasing manner. Body fuel burner. (4) The reciprocating member 5 has two alternately convertible stroke lengths, One of the strokes 54 integrates a bed of fuel along the bottom wall 26 of the combustion furnace. The stroke is sufficient to compact the fuel in the fuel bed without causing any movement. The other stroke 58 is sufficient to move the combustion bed of fuel, reciprocating 2 of moving member 50 The movement control means performs multiple tamping strokes between successive combustion bed movement strokes 58. 4. A solid fuel combustor according to claim 3, wherein the solid fuel combustor achieves a low torque of 54. (5) The long combustion bed movement stroke 58 is supplemented to assist in the integral movement of the combustion bed. The auxiliary reciprocating member 52 is a solid fuel combustor according to claim 4. (6) The auxiliary reciprocating member 52 is closer to the surface of the combustion furnace bottom wall 26 than the reciprocating member 50 A solid fuel combustor according to claim 5, wherein the solid fuel combustor is arranged. (7) The throat 20 is connected to the bottom wall of the combustion furnace so that the depth of the fuel bed can be adjusted. The solid fuel according to claim 1 defined by the opening between the portion plate 18 and the portion plate 18. combustor. (8) The clinker deposition area 38 is connected to the clinker trough 40, and From this point on, the clinker is automatically removed by the leading screw 42. The solid fuel combustor according to item 1. a) a fuel hopper having a generally vertical sidewall and a fuel distribution throat; formed by at least one downwardly inclined metal plate; placed in heat exchange relationship with the metal plate below the metal plate to cool the a combustion furnace bottom wall having a water coating and communicating with the fuel distribution throat; a chamber filled with combustion air; The combustion air is filled from the chamber through the water coating and the plate of the combustion furnace bottom wall to the combustion furnace bottom wall. at least one passageway introducing the fuel into the combustion zone above: The fuel is movable along the bottom wall of the combustion furnace to compact the fuel bed on the bottom wall of the combustion furnace. reciprocating means provided in the fuel distribution throat of the fuel hopper and: at a rate sufficient to overcome combustion of the fuel that would form a crater on the bottom wall of the combustion furnace. Like tamping the fuel repeatedly, but overcoming the inertia of the fuel and tamping the fuel. said reciprocating means is controlled such that said reciprocating means is insufficient to move integrally downwardly the bottom wall of the combustion furnace; A solid fuel combustor comprising means for: (10) The means for controlling the movement of the reciprocating means is used during the tamping stroke described above. Enough to overcome the inertia of the scattered fuel and force the fuel integrally below the bottom wall of the combustion furnace. Solid fuel combustor according to claim 9, characterized by a large stroke length.