SU1149105A1 - Bluidized bed furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

1. A BOILER LAYER CENTRAL, containing a combustion chamber with an air box disposed below it, in which a hopper is installed for the ALL-3AA 3E | E, Id.,. "..... , y§TAGD , t ash, and in its upper part there are air support pipes connected to the cavity of the duct with their ends, characterized in that, in order to improve efficiency and reliability, at least one pipe is additionally installed in the bunker, connected to the cavity of the air supply pipes and air duct cavities. 2. The furnace according to claim 1, which means that the additional pipe is made in the shape of a polyhedron, the upper edges of which are set at an angle to the horizon not less than the angle of repose of the ash. (ABOUT

Description

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This invention relates to fuel combustion and can be used in thermal power plants.

Fluid bed furnaces are known to contain a combustion chamber with an air duct placed under it, in which an ash hopper is installed, the bunker communicating with the combustion chamber through an aperture in the air distribution grille I

The disadvantage of these burners is reduced reliability due to the possibility of large ash particles being deposited on the grate.

The fluidized bed furnace is also known, which contains a combustion chamber with an air duct placed under it, in which an ash bin is installed, with air supply pipes connected to the duct cavity with its ends Sh.

The disadvantages of the known device are reduced efficiency and reliability due to insufficient cooling of the ash in the bunker and uneven ash removal over the cross section of the combustion chamber.

The aim of the invention is to increase the economy and reliability.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in a fluidized bed furnace containing a combustion chamber with an air box placed under it, in which an ash hopper is installed, and in its upper part are air supply pipes connected to the cavity of the duct with their torps. at least one pipe connected to the cavity of the air supply pipes and the cavity of the air duct.

In addition, an additional pipe can be made in the form of a polyhedron, the upper faces of which are set to the horizon at an angle not less than the angle of repose of the ash.

FIG. 1 shows the proposed firebox, longitudinal section (option 1); in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 - bunker for EOLA, longitudinal section (variant II of the additional pipe); in fig. 4 - version II of the air supply pipe; in fig. 5 fire chamber, longitudinal section (option 11

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The fluidized bed furnace contains a combustion chamber 1 with a device for fuel input 2 and heating surfaces 3 placed under the chamber.

5 1 is an air duct 4 in which the ash bin 5 is installed, in the upper part of which air supply pipes 6 are located, connected to the duct cavity 4 with their ends.

10 In the bunker 5, at least one pipe 7 is additionally installed. It is connected to the cavities of the air supply pipes 6 and the cavity of the duct 4. The pipe 7 can be made in the form of a polyhedron, whose upper faces are set at an angle (o)) to the horizon not less than natural repose ash. The air supply tubes 6 are provided with caps 8 for air outlet. Bunker

5 connected to ash removal device 9.

The furnace works as follows. . .

25 Through device 2 for input

The fuel is loaded into the combustion chamber 1 with an inert material, such as ash, crushed slag, sand, chamotte, etc. The inert material fills the ash bin 5 through the slots, which are:; between the air supplying pipes 6, and partially the fluidized bed zone above the pipes 6 and the caps 8. Air heated from an external source (for example, by mixing up hot gases from a special heating chamber) is supplied by a fan to the air duct 4. The wash-tank 5, air from the air box

Q 4 enters the air supply pipe 6, the additional pipe 7, and from it also into the air supply pipe

6 and then through the caps 8 enters the chamber 1 where it brings to a suspended (fluidized) state the bed material and simultaneously heats it. Heating of the bed can be performed either by passing steam from an adjacent boiler through surfaces.

0 3 heating, you can also directly in the layer and above it place special kindling burners, working on gas or fuel oil and accelerate the process of heating the layer. When

5, the material of the layer is heated to the ignition temperature of the coal or other combustible fuel through the device 2 and begins to feed it. The fuel is ignited, the temperature of the fluidized bed rises to a predetermined level, after which the ignition devices are turned off, the air is supplied cold or after the air preheater, and the furnace begins to operate in a predetermined mode. The pipes of the heating surfaces 3 circulate the working fluid of the boiler (water or steam). The crushed fuel supplied through the device 2 has a wide grain-size composition and pieces of rock with a diameter higher than the calculated diameter can enter the combustion chamber. During operation, agglomerates can also form in the chamber due to mode violation. Large pieces and agglomerates fall out of the zone of the fluidized bed and through the gaps between the air-breathing pipes 6 enter the bunker 5. Periodically large pieces are removed from the bunker 5 by means of the device 9. The removed material moves to the device 9 along the walls of the bunker 5 and the additional pipe 7 tilted at an angle of natural X X iff ca or more, which improves convergence. Additional pipe 7 (or pipes) cuts the bunker 5 into two (or several) zones, improving the uniformity of discharge of the layer over the entire area of the chamber. The air passing inside the additional pipe 7 cools the ash in the bunker 5 and this heat returns to the furnace for combustion. The additional pipe 7 displaces the volume occupied by the ash, reducing its quantity in a static state, which is also a positive factor, since the weight of the ash hopper 5 becomes less and the load on the supporting structures and the foundation decreases. As a result of improved convergence, uniformity of drainage over the entire area of the combustion chamber, additional cooling of the zooa circulating through the additional pipe 7 with air returning this heat to the furnace and reducing the ash mass and weight of the bunker 5, the reliability and efficiency offered by Tomcif is increased. ft FIG. 7

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Claims (2)

1. A BOILER OF A BOILER LAYER containing a combustion chamber with an air box placed underneath it, in which an ash hopper is installed, and in its upper part there are air supply pipes connected to the box cavity by their ends, characterized in that, for the purpose of increasing efficiency and reliability, in the hopper additionally installed at least one pipe connected to the cavities of the air supply pipes and the cavity of the air box. 2. The furnace according to claim 1, with the fact that the additional pipe is made in the form of a polyhedron, the upper faces of which are installed at an angle to the horizon, not less than the angle of natural slope of the ash. >