RU206050U1 - Ash remover - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of heat power engineering, namely to heat generators, and can be used in furnaces intended for heating various objects of ground and underground purposes. The technical result of the utility model is to increase the reliability and efficiency of the ash remover. The proposed ash remover is made in the form of a metal body, inside of which there is a tilting gate connected to a counterweight. The ash remover works according to the "flasher" principle, reliably locking the space above the gate from air penetration, thereby eliminating leaks.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of heat power engineering and can be used in ash removal systems in furnaces designed for heating various objects of ground and underground purposes. The utility model can be applied in other areas of industry, where it is necessary to supply bulk material in certain doses.

The efficiency and quality of the boiler unit or combustion device is characterized by the efficiency. Significant impact on efficiency the combustion device has a coefficient of excess air in the furnace and air suction. So, for example, an increase in the excess air ratio in the furnace by 0.1 leads to an overconsumption of fuel by 0.7%, and a decrease in air suction by 0.1 reduces fuel consumption by about 0.5%. Air suction is most often observed in the case of a "dry" type of ash removal and is caused by the following factors: loose fit of the furnace set, loose closure of ash collectors flashing lights, unsatisfactory sealing of steel gas ducts at the joints with the furnace lining, etc. Air suction cannot be taken into account in the total volume of combustion air, therefore air suction must be avoided.

Known hot water boiler, in the lower part of the firebox of which under the grate there is an ash remover made in the form of two cylinders with longitudinal cutouts intended for collecting ash, the ash collector is connected to a drive device that ensures the coordinated rotation of the ash remover cylinders and the second cylinder with a cutter, while the ash remover cylinders mechanically connected with each other with the possibility of ensuring their rotation in opposite directions relative to each other (patent for PM No. 115050, priority from 11/17/2011, published on 04/20/2012, bul. No. 11).

The disadvantage of this useful model is the complexity of the design and the complexity of the manufacture of the ash remover.

Known is a fluidized bed furnace for burning solid crushed fuels and combustible waste, containing enclosing walls, a furnace wall, a device for introducing combustible material and removing slag, an air distribution grate for combustion in a fluidized bed and afterburning slag, a transverse manifold installed above this grate, nozzles for secondary air inlet, a rustling bar and a tilting grate attached to the air distribution grate from the side of the slag burning zone (patent for IZ No. 2300051, priority dated 26.10.2005, published on 27.05.2007, bull. No. 15).

The disadvantage of this invention is that the suction of air through the tilting grate, which serves for additional burning of combustible substances in the slag, is not regulated, which significantly impairs the combustion process and reduces the efficiency of the furnace.

The problem to be solved by the claimed utility model is the creation of such a technical device designed to remove ash and slag, which will ensure complete sealing and exclude the occurrence of air leaks into the furnace space or into the ash removal system.

The technical result of the utility model is to increase the reliability and efficiency of the ash remover.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the ash collector, including a metal body, inside which there is a tilting gate connected to a counterweight, due to its design, works according to the "flasher" principle, that is, with minimization of vibrations, reliably locking the space above the gate from air penetration, thereby excluding suction. To increase the reliability of operation, the ash collector can be made of heat-resistant steel, or its inner surface is lined with heat-resistant materials.

The utility model is illustrated by a drawing, where figure 1 shows an ash remover, figure 2 is a side view.

The ash remover is designed to remove ash and slag, for example, from the furnace bed of the boiler furnace or the combustion chamber and prevent air from entering (suction) into the furnace space.

The ash collector in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is a device containing a metal body 1 with connecting flanges 2 and 3. Inside the ash collector there is a chute 4, which is closed from below by a tilting gate 5. Gate 5 consists of a gate 6, to which axles 7 and 8 located in bearing units. One axle is connected to the lever 9, on which the counterweight 10 is installed. The counterweight has a weight calculated for a certain amount (weight) of ash poured, for example, from the furnace bed of the furnace, onto the gate. The counterweight can move along the lever 9 closer or further from the ash collector body. The closer the counterweight is to the ash collector body, the less ash will be on the gate, and vice versa, the further the counterweight is placed from the body, the more ash is required to open the gate. The weight of the counterweight can be changed due to additional discs 11 mounted on the counterweight axis. Adjustment of the ash collector means that, by changing the distance from the counterweight to the ash collector body and the weight of the counterweight due to additional discs, find such a position of the counterweight, which ensures the maintenance of a certain column of ash above the gate to create tightness, and uniform ash descent with minimal vibration of the gate. This makes it possible to exclude air leaks through the ash layer into the rarefied area of the furnace volume.

The ash remover works as follows.

Ash and slag are poured, for example, from the furnace bed of the boiler furnace or the combustion chamber onto the gate. When the ash collector is filled with ash and slag, when their weight begins to exceed the weight of the counterweight, the gate starts to open, dropping down, and the ash will be poured until the weight of the ash becomes less than the weight of the counterweight, after which the gate begins to rise up under the weight of the counterweight. The gate descends a short distance and rises up again, creating the effect of "blinking", that is, minimal fluctuations, while ash is continuously discharged from the gate in small doses, which ensures that the space above the gate is locked from air penetration, thereby eliminating suction, but at the same time ash discharge

To increase the reliability and efficiency of operation, the ash collector can be made either of heat-resistant steel, or its inner surface can be lined with heat-resistant materials.

Claims (3)

1. Ash remover made in the form of a metal body, inside of which there is a tilting gate connected through a lever with a counterweight, the weight of which is adjusted to a certain ash weight, made with the possibility of adjusting the operation of the ash remover by moving the counterweight relative to the body and changing the weight of the counterweight. 2. Ash remover according to claim 1, characterized in that it is made of heat-resistant steel. 3. Ash remover according to claim 1, characterized in that its inner surface is lined with heat-resistant materials.

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