JPS5919605A - Untrue circular shape machining device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To cut a work to an untrue circular shape, by providing a digital servo device performing follow-up control so that a tool performs longitudinal motion in accordance with the prescribed untrue circular shape through a tool rest feed shaft motor. CONSTITUTION:A program memory 102 stores a control program by which a central processing unit (CPU) 101 performs follow-up servo control of a tool rest feed shaft motor through a digital servo device. Then an arithmetic routine is stored in a read only memory (ROM) 103. Moving speed data stored in a random access memory (RAM) 28 for the moving speed data are calculated and stored on the basis of moving position data stored in an RAM27 for the moving position data, and moving acceleration and deceleration data stored in an RAM29 for the moving acceleration and deceleration data is calculated and stored on the basis of the moving speed data stored in the RAM28 for the moving speed data.

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a non-round shape cutting device.

Conventionally, in cutting a workpiece into a non-perfect circular shape, as shown in FIG. Spring jigs fixed to the groin and gu′ respectively.

The tool B was fully pressed by j', and the tool B was fed back and forth by rotating the cam 3 at the same speed as the workpiece. Therefore, if the cam is fully used for a long period of time, the cam will gradually wear out and become deformed, reducing machining accuracy. ■ The machining speed will increase because the tool cannot follow the shape of the cam. It is not possible to correct the manufactured cam, which requires a long period of time for manual mounting by craftsmen, and in the case of over-shaving, the amount of tool movement per unit rotation angle of the workpiece is After reading the data from the storage device, arithmetic processing such as addition of cutting depth data and interpolation calculation must be performed each time, so it is not possible to increase the machining speed beyond the calculation time.

The present invention has been proposed in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a non-round shape cutting device that cuts a workpiece into a predetermined non-round shape at high speed and with high precision.

The present invention enters all processing using at least seven types of data including data on the movement position among three types of data: movement position, movement speed, and movement acceleration/deceleration of a tool corresponding to a predetermined non-perfect circular shape to be machined. Store it in the storage device in advance,
On the other hand, a digital servo device is installed to drive the aforementioned tool post feed shaft motor that moves the tool post with the tool attached back and forth, which moves the tool post back and forth. Data on the next movement position of the tool is retrieved from the storage device every time the tool rotates by a predetermined unit angle, and a signal of these data is applied to the digital servo device, so that the tool can detect a non-perfect roundness of a given workpiece. Follow-up servo control is used to move back and forth according to the shape.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. Second
The figure is a schematic diagram of a non-round shape cutting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. // is the main shaft, /2 is the main shaft //, and the workpiece /<7' is held by the pawl /3 attached to the chuck /2, which is a chunk that rotates with //. M/
is the main shaft motor, and its rotation is transmitted to the main shaft // by pulley /3, V-belt O, and goo IJ-77. PG,
is a pulse generator that generates a pulse every time the main shaft //, that is, the workpiece /g rotates by a predetermined unit angle, and detects the rotation angle of the workpiece /\. 7g is a carriage, and the carriage feed shaft motor M. , 2 is moved by the carriage feed shaft /9. , 2/ is a cross-feeding machine, and a reciprocating machine/g
Transverse feed 9-axis motor M3VCJ installed in:. It moves by the transverse feed axis θ driven by υ. , -23 is the tool, 22
The turret with the turret mounted thereon is moved by the turret feed axis recognition, which is driven by the turret feed axis motor MK installed on the traversal carriage 2/.

P.G. , TG, are a pulse generator and a tacho generator, respectively, which detect the moving position and moving speed of the tool 22 from the rotational angle and rotational speed of the tool post feed shaft motor Mg. ,,2j is the main shaft motor M/, the carriage feed shaft motor M
2, and a control device that drives the lateral feed shaft motor M3. 2B is a digital servo device that controls the turret feed motor Mg.

This digital servo device will be explained with reference to FIG. 27 is a tool 22 at, for example, every 10 points Pθ, P/, . . . , P 339 on the outer periphery, with the non-perfect circular shape to be machined of the workpiece shown in FIG. These are R and A M for movement position data in which the movement position (FIG. 5(a)) is stored. 2g, 29 are these points Pθ, P/, ..., p3. The moving speed and moving acceleration/deceleration of the tool 22 to j9 (Figures (b) and (c)
) k RAM for stored movement speed data, RAM for movement position deviation data that stores the gator deviation between the movement position, movement speed, and movement acceleration/deceleration data for each movement acceleration/deceleration and the processed actual measured values; These are a RAM for movement speed deviation data and a RAM for movement acceleration/deceleration deviation data. 33
is a tool stored in the RAM for movement position data, 27 according to the path line of the CPU/θ/ of the digital servo device 2B,
2. This is a keyboard for inputting data of the movement position in 2.

These data can also be input using a cassette tape. /θ/ is a CPU (central processing unit) that controls program memory, data memory, input/output devices, etc., and executes necessary calculations, transfer processing, etc. /θ,
Reference numeral 2 denotes a program memory in which the CPU/θ/ stores a meli control and duram for controlling the gl follow-up servo of the tool post feed shaft motor M by means of a digital servo device. /θ3 is an arithmetic routine ROM that stores an arithmetic routine.

The movement speed data stored in the RAM for movement speed data, 2gIC, is initially stored based on the movement position data stored in the RAM for movement position data, 27, and the movement speed data stored in the RAM for movement acceleration/deceleration data, 29. The acceleration/deceleration data is calculated and stored based on the moving speed data stored in the moving speed data RAM 2g. FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing the flow of this process. After inputting movement position data is completed, when a predetermined key on the keyboard 33 is pressed, this process starts. First, the process of calculating the moving speed v1 and storing it in the moving speed data RAM, 2g is performed for all points P.
θ.

P/, ・, Perform for p3.3-9. Next, based on the movement speed data v/, v-2, ..., v339 calculated above and stored in the movement speed data RAM 2g, movement acceleration/deceleration a/, ae2+
-, a339 ff: Calculate and store in RAM for movement acceleration/deceleration data, 29 times. When the processing of this shift acceleration/deceleration data is completed, the system waits for keyboard input. When machining the workpiece/g into a twisted shape, the angle at which the position of the machining origin Pθ shifts with respect to the rotation center of the workpiece/g is calculated by the movement position Pi ( i=4
7.・ , 3.3-9> Move position at address l,
Each movement speed and movement acceleration/deceleration is input from the keyboard 33. At this time, the data in the data table in Figure 5 is shifted by that address, and the input value at this movement position is 11 degrees.
, LL, the shape is twisted by an angle corresponding to the address record every round, and if "θ", the shape is untwisted. In this embodiment, this twist angle is constant, but it can also be made variable.These input values are the preset address counter/2.

/2ta, /, 2otsu are set. Next, the allowable deviation of machining deviation for the first machining is set using the entire keyboard 33. This allowable deviation data is set and held in π'capacity deviation catch circuit/gθ. //2. //3. //is DMA
(direct memory access) circuit, address counter //g, //9. Movement position data of the address of the next position where the tool 22 will move, indicated by /2θ;
Movement speed data and movement acceleration/deceleration data are stored in a movement position data RAM, 27, and a movement speed data RAM, 2.
g, RAM for movement acceleration/deceleration data, taken out from 29 every time the workpiece rotates a predetermined unit angle. Preset address counter /2, /23. /2B counts the angle pulse initialized by the origin pulse of the pulse generator PG2, and when the value matches the address set above, the address counter //g.

//9. Outputs a pulse at /2θ. This causes address counters //g, //9. /2θ initializes the angle pulse counter of the input pulse generator PG2 and counts the angle pulses, that is, the addresses. /2
7, 72g, /29 are latch circuits, respectively RAM for movement position data, 27, RAM for movement speed data, 2
The movement position data, movement speed data, and movement acceleration/deceleration data taken out from the movement acceleration/deceleration data RAM 29 are latched every unit angle rotation of the workpiece/g. The movement position data launched every unit angle rotation is input to the pulse ratio multiplexer /3θ and the subtraction counter /3/.

The pulse ratio multiplexer /3θ converts this data into a pulse train as a movement position signal, and this pulse train passes through an AND circuit /32 as a movement position command and is inputted to a deviation counter /33. The pulse train that has passed through the AND circuit /32 is also input to the subtraction counter /3/, and is then input to the latch circuit /3/.
It is compared with the movement position data input from 27. Then, if the two match, the AND circuit/
32 is closed, and the data of the launch circuit/27 and the number of pulses input to the deviation counter/33 are always made to match.

The deviation counter/33 compares the pulse train input through the AND circuit/32 with the signal from the pulse generator PG that detects the movement position of the tools 2, 2, and calculates the deviation f:D.
/ Input to A converter/3G and perform D/A conversion. /3
3. /3 B is a D/A converter that converts moving speed data and moving acceleration/deceleration data 'tD/A. The movement position deviation signal output from the D/A converter 73 and the D/A
The moving speed signals output from the converter/35 are added to form the moving speed signal of the tool 22. This moving speed signal is a tacho generator TG that detects the moving speed of the tool 22.

The difference is input to the voltage amplifier/37. The signal amplified by the voltage amplifier/37 and the movement acceleration/deceleration signal output from the D/A converter/3B are added to form the movement acceleration/deceleration signal of the tool 22. The movement acceleration/deceleration signal is compared with the acceleration/deceleration signal of the tool post feed shaft motor M, and the difference signal becomes an input signal of the current amplifier 73g. This input signal is amplified and the turret feed shaft motor M
The tool 22 is rotated at a predetermined number of rotations at a predetermined rotation acceleration/deceleration and rotation speed, and the tool 22 is moved to a predetermined movement position.

/39 is the movement position command signal and pulse generator PG
, is a deviation counter that takes the deviation of the actual movement position detected by the DMA circuit /
/6 is stored. On the other hand, this deviation is quickly reversely rotated by the tolerance latched by the tolerance latch circuit θ and the comparator, and the tool 2.2 is moved backward. In other words, the comparator /g/ is a follow-up error monitoring circuit, and if the machining error is large, the machining after Kid is stopped. /g3u
This is a differential amplifier that amplifies the difference between the movement speed command signal output from the D/A converter/33 and the actual movement speed output from the tachogenerator TG+.The output signal is sent to the A/D converter/macro. After /D conversion, the RA for moving speed deviation data is indicated by the address counter as the moving speed deviation.
The address of M3/ is stored by the DMA circuit//B.//g is the command signal for the movement acceleration/deceleration output from the D/A converter/3B and the actual movement speed output from the current amplifier 73g. After the output signal of the differential amplifier that amplifies the speed difference is A/D converted by the Ir1 A/D converter/RIB, the moving acceleration/deceleration deviation data indicated by the address counter/23 as the moving acceleration/deceleration deviation is stored in the RAM 32. D to address
Stored by MA circuit //7. When entering the λth machining based on the movement position deviation, movement speed deviation, and movement acceleration/deceleration deviation that are greater than or equal to those detected in the /th machining, the RAM for movement position data, 27, the RAM for movement speed data, 2g
, movement acceleration/deceleration data RAM, 29, respectively, are corrected.

FIG. 7 is a flowchart showing the procedure of this correction.

First, using the keyboard 33, input is made whether or not to correct each data of the moving position, moving speed, and moving acceleration/deceleration. When performing correction, each point Pθ, P/, ・
..., correction calculation is performed every P339, and the corrected data is stored in RAM 27 for movement position data, RAM 2g for movement speed data, RAM 2j for movement acceleration/deceleration data.
is memorized. From the -th time onwards, the tool post feed shaft motor M is driven based on these corrected data to perform machining.

In the above embodiment, the digital servo device of the tool post feed shaft motor is driven by signals of three types of data: tool movement position, movement speed, and movement acceleration/deceleration.
It may be a signal of at least two types of data including movement position data. In addition, as a feature of the pig memory and data calculation method, a circuit is added to the above embodiment to perform multiplication and division on movement position data, movement speed data, and movement acceleration/deceleration data to create non-perfectly circular enlarged and reduced data. It is clear that if added, it will easily become an expanded non-circular cutting device capable of machining complex shapes whose cross-sectional shapes change in the axial direction.

As explained above, in accordance with the predetermined non-perfect circular shape of the workpiece to be processed, which is stored in advance in the storage device,
At least seven types of data, including data on the movement position, of the three types of data of the tool movement position, movement speed, and movement acceleration/deceleration per predetermined unit rotation angle of the workpiece are extracted for the rotation of the workpiece per unit angle. These data signals drive the entire digital servo device of the turret feed axis motor of the tool post on which the tool is attached.In other words, the tool is electronically moved back and forth based on the pre-stored data, so the cam moves the tool into the machine. This eliminates the problems of conventional devices that move back and forth. Furthermore, once machining begins, there is no need for any arithmetic processing other than data reading, so higher-speed machining is possible compared to conventional methods in which all machining is performed by a numerical control device. Furthermore, it is equipped with a correction data storage device that corrects the data stored in the storage device after it has been processed seven times.
Extremely high precision processing is possible. Furthermore, since the predetermined back and forth movement of the tool is controlled by software, the shape to be machined can be changed in an extremely short time simply by changing input data. Furthermore, since it is equipped with a data processing means that multiplies and divides the initially input data, shifts the data, etc., it is easy to process complex shapes whose cross-sectional shapes change in the axial direction.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing seven examples of conventional non-round shape cutting devices, FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a non-round shape cutting device according to/embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing its digital servo. Device 2
The block diagram of Part 2, Fig. 3 shows the non-perfect circular shape of the workpiece/ri, Fig. 5 shows the data table of the moving position, moving speed, and moving acceleration/deceleration of the tool 22, and Fig. 4 shows the moving speed. ,
Flowchart of calculation of movement acceleration/deceleration. FIG. 7 is a flowchart of correction calculation of movement position, movement speed, and movement acceleration/deceleration. //: Main axis MI: Main axis motor /g: Carriage carriage /9: Carriage carriage feed axis M2: Carriage carriage feed axis motor 2/: Traverse carriage = 20 = Horizontal carriage axis M3: Cross carriage 9-axis motor LI tool 23: Turret 2g: Turret feed shaft M4: Turret feed shaft motor 2j
2 control device PG2: rotation angle detector, 27.2g,
29.3θ, 3/, 3.2: Storage means B: Digital servo device Patent applicant Toyota Motor Corporation Nakamuratome Precision Industry Co., Ltd. Yaskawa Electric Manufacturing Co., Ltd. Figure 6 Figure 7 Tsurugi-cho, Ishiyo-gun, Ishikawa Prefecture Atsunocho Exit 15 @ Applicant Yaskawa Electric Manufacturing Co., Ltd. 2346 Bold Fujita, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu City

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] (1) A main shaft that rotates a workpiece, a main shaft motor that drives the main shaft, a carriage, a carriage feed shaft and a carriage feed axis motor that drive the carriage, and a transverse feed table. a cross-feed axis and a cross-feed axis motor installed on the carriage and drive the cross-feed; a tool rest to which a tool is attached; and a cutter installed on the cross-feed and drive the tool rest. a table feed axis and a tool post feed axis motor; a control device that controls the spindle motor, the carriage feed axis motor, and the lateral feed axis motor; a rotation angle detector that detects the rotation angle of the workpiece; and a workpiece. a movement position of the tool for each predetermined unit rotation angle;
storage means for storing at least seven types of data including data corresponding to the movement position among the three types of data corresponding to the movement speed and movement acceleration/deceleration; Signal processing for extracting at least seven types of data, including data corresponding to the movement position, from the storage means as a command signal among three types of data corresponding to the movement position, movement speed, and movement acceleration/deceleration of the tool during the rotation angle. and a digital servo device that performs follow-up control using the tool post feed shaft motor so that the tool moves back and forth in accordance with a predetermined non-perfect circular shape 2 to be machined of the workpiece. Characteristic non-round shape cutting equipment. (A main shaft that rotates the workpiece, a main shaft motor that drives the main shaft, a carriage, a carriage feed shaft and a carriage feed axis motor that drive the carriage, a transverse carriage, and a carriage installed on the carriage. a cross-feeding shaft and a cross-feeding shaft moke that drive this cross-feeding base, a tool rest to which a tool is attached, a tool rest-feeding υ-axis that is installed on the cross-feeding base and drives this tool rest, and a turret feed shaft motor; a control device that controls the main shaft motor, the carriage feed shaft motor, and the lateral feed shaft motor; a rotation angle detector that detects the rotation angle of the workpiece; and a predetermined unit of the workpiece. a first storage means for storing all of at least seven types of data including data corresponding to the movement position among three types of data corresponding to the movement position, movement speed, and movement acceleration/deceleration of the tool for each rotation angle; a second storage means that performs arithmetic processing and/or data processing on the data stored in the first storage means to generate deformation data that changes each time the tool is fed by the carriage, and stores these deformation data; data corresponding to the movement position of the three types of data corresponding to the movement position, movement speed, and movement acceleration/deceleration of the tool during the next unit rotation angle each time the workpiece rotates through the unit rotation angle; a signal processing means for extracting at least seven types of data including data from the second storage means, or from the first storage means as a command signal; A non-perfect circular shape cutting device characterized in that it is fully equipped with a digital servo device that performs follow-up control to perform back-and-forth movement t according to a predetermined non-perfect circular shape to be machined. (3) Rotate the workpiece. a main shaft and a main shaft motor that drives the main shaft; a carriage; a carriage feed shaft and a carriage feed axis motor that drive the carriage; a traverse carriage; and a carriage that is installed on the carriage and drives the lateral carriage. a transverse feed axis and a transverse feed 9-axis motor; a tool post to which a tool is attached; a tool post feed axis and a turret feed axis motor 茫 installed on the aforementioned 4 feed post and drive this tool post; the main shaft; a control device for controlling the motor, the carriage feed shaft motor, and the lateral feed shaft motor; a rotation angle detection path for detecting the rotation angle of the workpiece; and a rotation angle detection path for detecting the rotation angle of the workpiece; A first device that stores at least seven types of data including data corresponding to the movement position among three types of data corresponding to position, movement speed, and movement acceleration/deceleration.
storage means; a second storage means for determining data deviations between the data stored in the first storage means and actual measured values of processing results corresponding to each of these data, and storing these data deviations; data correction means for correcting the data stored in the first storage means based on the data deviation stored in the second storage means, and storing the corrected data in the first storage means; unit rotation angle, the movement position of the tool between the next unit rotation angle for each rotation;
a signal processing means for extracting at least seven types of data including data corresponding to the movement position from the first storage means as a command signal among three types of data corresponding to the movement speed and movement acceleration/deceleration; A digital servo device that performs follow-up control using a table feed axis motor so that the tool moves back and forth in accordance with the predetermined non-round shape of the workpiece to be machined. Device. (￥) A main shaft that rotates the workpiece, a main shaft motor that drives this main shaft, a carriage, a carriage feed shaft and a carriage feed axis motor that drive this carriage, a transverse carriage, and a carriage installed on the carriage. a cross-travel ν-axis and a cross-travel 9-axis motor that drive this cross-feed table, a tool rest to which a tool is attached, a tool rest feed shaft that is installed on the cross-feed table and drives this tool rest; a control device that controls the main spindle motor, the carriage feed axis motor, and the lateral feed axis motor; a rotation angle detector that detects the rotation angle of the workpiece; and a rotation angle detector that detects the rotation angle of the workpiece; a first storage means for storing at least seven types of data including data corresponding to the movement position among three types of data corresponding to the movement position, movement speed, and movement acceleration/deceleration of the tool for each unit rotation angle; a second storage means for determining data deviations between the data stored in the first storage means and actual measured values of processing results corresponding to each of these data, and storing these data deviations; data correction means for correcting the data stored in the first storage means according to the data deviation stored in the data deviation, and storing the corrected data in the first storage means; Perform calculation processing and/or data processing on the corrected data,
a third storage means for generating deformation data that changes each time the tool is fed by the carriage and storing these deformation data; The first storage means and the third storage means store at least seven types of data including data corresponding to the movement position among three types of data corresponding to the movement position, movement speed, and movement acceleration/deceleration of the tool between and a signal processing means for extracting a command signal from the turret feed shaft motor, the digital servo device performs follow-up control so that the tool moves back and forth in accordance with a predetermined non-perfect circular shape to be machined on the workpiece. A non-round shape cutting device characterized by comprising: