JPH09295201A - Method and device for controlling working of underfloor type wheel lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To command the rotational speed of a wheel, and the cutting feed per one rotation of the wheel. SOLUTION: A drive roller 4 drives a wheel by starting a wheel driving motor 7. The rotation signal of the drive roller 4 is generated from a pulse generator 12, and received by a first magnification converter 31. The first magnification converter 31 divides the pulse signal from the pulse generator 12 into 1/n, i.e., to the ratio of the radius r1 of the wheel to the radius r2 of the drive roller 4. The divided pulse signal is received by a servo motor control part 32 as the pseudo rotation signal N'. The servo motor control part 32 detects the actual rotational speed of the wheel by the pseudo rotation signal N'. The servo motor control part 32 generates the command signal of the feed per rotation of the wheel according to the rotational speed of the wheel to an X-axis servo motor 17 and a Z-axis servo motor 13.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for controlling an underfloor wheel lathe. More specifically, in a wheel lathe that processes with the wheel shaft attached to the vehicle,
The present invention relates to a processing control method and an apparatus for an underfloor type wheel lathe which can instruct the rotational speed of a wheel and the feed amount per rotation of the wheel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When a railway wheel runs for a long period of time, the outer peripheral surface of the wheel contacting the surface of the rail, that is, the surface contacting the rail, is worn or deformed. For this reason, the wheels are cut regularly or at regular intervals to be corrected by a wheel lathe so as to form a perfect circle. There are roughly two types of wheel lathes, one that is processed by removing the wheel shaft from the vehicle and one that is processed by mounting the wheel shaft on the vehicle.

An underfloor type wheel lathe is known as a machine for machining with a wheel shaft attached to a vehicle. In this method, wheels mounted on a vehicle are processed by a turning device arranged in a pit dug in the floor. For example,
The underfloor type wheel lathe described in Japanese Patent No. 46241 is for performing turning while driving the wheels with two driving rollers.

Generally, in a numerically controlled lathe, a spindle mounted on a workpiece via a chuck is rotated at a rotation speed commanded by a spindle rotation speed command, and a tool is moved relative to the workpiece in the Z-axis direction (spindle axis direction). ) And the X-axis direction orthogonal to the Z-axis direction, the relative movement is controlled at the feed speed commanded by the per-rotation feed speed command, which is the feed speed per one rotation, and machining is performed.

However, the underfloor type wheel lathe has a structure in which two driving rollers driven by a driving motor support and rotate the wheels, and since the diameter of each wheel is different for each wheel, the rotational speed of the driving roller is different. Was being ordered. Further, since there is no rotation signal corresponding to the rotation of the wheel, it is impossible to issue a speed command for each rotation feed.

Therefore, the operator converts into a speed command for feed per minute and performs processing with the command for feed speed per minute. Further, when an operator creates an NC program and checks the program, the machining conditions are harder to understand than the NC machining program, and the operator sometimes gives an erroneous command. Moreover,
Even if the rotation speed of the wheel changes due to the cutting load, since the feed speed command is the feed speed per minute, the actual feed amount may increase or decrease by the change in the rotation speed. There are things that you don't want to stay inside.

[0007]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made under the above-mentioned technical background, and achieves the following objects.

An object of the present invention is to provide a machining control method and device for an underfloor type wheel lathe capable of directly commanding the rotational speed of the wheel and the feed amount per one rotation of the wheel.

Another object of the present invention is to process an underfloor type wheel lathe which can secure a feed amount per one rotation of the wheel according to the rotation speed of the wheel even if the rotation speed of the wheel changes due to a change in cutting load or the like. It is to provide a control method and its device.

[0010]

The present invention employs the following means to achieve the above object.

A first underfloor wheel lathe machining control method according to the present invention supports a wheel (2) in a state where a wheel shaft (1) of a railway vehicle is mounted on the vehicle, and supports the wheel (2) on an outer peripheral surface thereof. In an underfloor type wheel lathe controlled by a numerical control device for rotating the wheel (2) by rotating the contacting drive roller (4) and turning the work surface of the wheel (2), Rotation of a drive roller (4) that rotationally drives the wheel (2) by issuing a feed speed command that commands each rotation feed which is the feed amount per one rotation of the wheel (2) corresponding to the rotation speed of (2). Generating a pseudo-per-rotation signal of the wheel (2) from the rotation signal corresponding to the wheel, and the diameter of the wheel (2) and the diameter of the drive roller (4) that drives the wheel (2),
From the pseudo rotation signal of the wheel (2) and the feed command for each rotation, a feed signal for moving the tool (19) mounted on the tool rest (18) relative to the wheel (2) is sent,
The surface to be processed of the wheel (2) is turned.

A second underfloor wheel lathe machining control method according to the present invention supports a wheel (2) in a state where a wheel axle (1) of a railway vehicle is attached to the vehicle, and the outer peripheral surface of the wheel (2) is supported by the wheel (2). In an underfloor type wheel lathe controlled by a numerical control device for rotating the wheel (2) by rotating the contacting drive roller (4) and turning the work surface of the wheel (2), A wheel rotation speed command for rotating (2) at a predetermined rotation speed is issued, and based on this wheel rotation speed command, the diameter of the wheel (2) and the diameter of the drive roller (4) for driving the wheel, the drive is performed. A pseudo wheel rotation speed command that is a rotation speed command of the roller (4) is created, and the drive roller (4) is rotationally driven by this pseudo wheel rotation speed command to rotationally drive the wheel (2). Turning the turning of the work surface of the wheel (2) Than it is.

In the first or second underfloor type wheel lathe machining control method, the diameter of the wheel (2) and the diameter of the drive roller (4) for driving the wheel (2) are ratio data, and The ratio data can be set by data setting on the ratio data setting screen or setting from the NC processing program.

In the underfloor type wheel lathe processing control apparatus of the present invention, the wheel (2) is driven by the drive roller (4) with the wheel axle (1) of the railway vehicle attached to the vehicle, and the wheel (2) is covered. In an underfloor type wheel lathe for processing a processing surface, speed detection means (12) for detecting the speed of the outer peripheral surface of the wheel (2), a signal output from the speed detection means (12) and the drive roller. Wheel pseudo per rotation signal generating means (27, 31) for generating a pseudo per rotation signal (N ′) of the wheel (2) from the radius (r2) of (4) and the radius (r1) of the wheel (2). , 40, 41, 42) and a cutting device (5) for turning the surface to be processed of the wheel (2) by a feed command for each rotation based on the wheel pseudo each rotation signal (N ′).

The speed detecting means (12) of the machining control device for the underfloor type wheel lathe detects the rotation speed of the drive roller (4), and the wheel rotation speed command (S) of the wheel (2). ) Is converted from the radius of the drive roller (4) and the radius of the wheel (2) to generate a pseudo wheel rotation speed command signal (S ') for rotating the drive roller (4), and a wheel rotation speed conversion means (28). Have and.

The speed detecting means (12) of the underfloor type wheel lathe processing control device is a pulse generator (12) for generating a pulse in proportion to the rotation speed of the drive roller (4), and the wheel dummy Each rotation signal generation means (2
7, 31, 40, 41, 42) includes a first magnification converter (13) for dividing the pulse generated from the pulse generator (12).

[0017]

Embodiment 1 Hereinafter, Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are views showing the outline of an underfloor type wheel lathe. FIG. 1 is a front view and FIG. 2 is a side view of FIG. The wheel set 1 is loaded into an underfloor wheel lathe in a state where it is attached to a vehicle (not shown) and is positioned and fixed. The wheel shaft 1 is positioned and fixed by a known driving roller rocking mechanism and a clamping mechanism (not shown) that lifts the driving roller 4 supported by a rocking arm through the wheels 2 and presses the gear box 3 from below and above. No)).

The wheel 2 has two drive rollers 4 (one not shown) arranged in contact with the outer periphery of the wheel 2 at an angle.
Is driven to rotate, and the cutting device 5 performs turning processing into a desired contour shape. The two drive rollers 4 are rotationally driven by a wheel drive motor (hereinafter referred to as a drive motor) 7 via a gear mechanism 6. The two drive rollers 4 are controlled by electrically controlling a wheel drive motor 7 that rotationally drives each drive roller 4, or by interlocking with a mechanical gear interlocking mechanism (not shown), etc. It is rotationally driven at a speed to rotationally drive the wheels 2.

The cutting device 5 is a turning device for cutting the work surface 8 such as the tread surface and the flange surface of the wheel 2 into a desired contour shape. Bed 10 grounded and installed on the floor
A Z-axis guide surface 11 is formed on the upper side, and a Z-moving base 14 is mounted on the Z-axis moving surface 11 so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction. The Z moving base 14 is controlled to move on the Z axis guide surface 11 in the Z axis direction by the feed screw 13a which is rotationally driven by the Z axis servo motor 13.

An X-axis guide moving surface 15 is formed on the Z moving table 14 so as to be movable in the X-axis direction. Z moving base 14
An X-axis servomotor 17 is mounted on the. The X-axis servomotor 17 rotationally drives the feed screw 16 to control the movement of a tool rest 18 formed integrally with the X movement base. The tool rest 18 is provided with a tool 19 for processing the work surface 8 of the wheel 2.

(Processing Control Device 20) FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of the processing control device 20 for the underfloor wheel lathe. The central processing unit (CPU) 21 is an arithmetic processing element for centrally controlling the entire numerical control device (NC device) 20a of the underfloor wheel lathe. Input / output means, various storage means, etc. are connected to the central processing unit 21 via a bus 22.
The CRT 23 is a display device with a keyboard 23a, and inputs and outputs data, programs and the like from the keyboard 23a.

The ROM 24 stores and stores a basic system program such as an OS for controlling the NC device 20. The machining program memory 25 is an area of a memory for storing and storing an NC machining program for machining the contour of the outer periphery 8 of the wheel 2. RAM26 is
This is a memory for temporarily storing data such as data required when operating the NC device 20a.

The ratio setting memory 27 is a keyboard 23a.
This is a memory for storing the ratios n and 1 / n of the diameter of the wheel 2 and the diameter of the drive roller 4 which are set by a more predetermined setting screen or set by the NC machining program. In this embodiment, the parameter memory is used. Is a memory area of a predetermined number. However, n means n = r1 / r2, where r1 is the radius of the wheel 2 and r2 is the radius of the drive roller 4.
When the wheel rotation speed command (S command) is issued, the second magnification conversion unit 28 outputs the command signal to the PC (programmable controller) 45 as an S ′ command (pseudo wheel rotation command) multiplied by n. It is a kind of multiplier.

The PC 45 generates a control signal for driving the drive motor 7 by the drive motor controller 29a based on the pseudo wheel rotation speed command S ', and the D / A converter 2
Reference numeral 9 converts the control signal, which is a digital signal, into an analog signal. The output of the D / A converter 29 is amplified by the amplifier 30 and drives the drive motor 7. The rotation of the drive roller 4 is detected by the pulse generator (encoder) 12. The drive motor 7 and the gear mechanism 6 are connected.

Since the drive roller 4 is in contact with the outer periphery of the wheel 2, it rotates the wheel 2. Therefore, the output signal (pulse signal) generated from the pulse generator 12 does not mean the rotation speed of the wheel 2. That is, it depends on the diameter of the wheel 2 and the diameter of the drive roller 4. Therefore, the number of output pulses of the pulse generator 12 is adjusted to 1 / n by the first magnification conversion unit 31, and then the servo motor control unit 32 is used.
Is sent to. The first magnification converter 31 divides the pulse signal from the pulse generator 12 into 1 / n, and produces a pseudo rotation signal N ′ of the wheel 2.

Therefore, by this frequency division, the rotation signal corresponding to the rotation of the wheel 2 can be indirectly detected from the rotation of the drive roller 4. Frequency division ratio 1 / n of the first magnification conversion unit 31
Can be freely set by the size of the radius of the drive roller 4 and the wheel 2. The ratio n is stored and held in the ratio setting memory 27 and automatically rewritten.

FIG. 5 is an example of a ratio data setting screen. This setting screen is called by a predetermined operation, and data is input by the cursor keys, alphanumeric keys, etc. of the keyboard 23a. In this example, the ratio data is “5.12”.
It is set to "3". The input / set ratio data is stored in the ratio setting memory 27.

Further, the ratio data can be input or changed from the NC program by creating the following NC program.

G10 L50; (Parameter change start command) N7820 R5.123; (Parameter change of ratio data) G11; (Parameter change end command) ... By such a program, the parameter memory which is the ratio setting memory 27 The memory area with the number 7820 can be set to “5.123”.

The servo motor control section 32 receives the pseudo wheel rotation signal (hereinafter referred to as the pseudo rotation signal) N'from the first magnification conversion section 31. The servo motor controller 32
Each rotation feed distribution command generated by receiving each rotation feed command and the pseudo rotation signal N'are received and a pulse corresponding to the feed amount per one rotation is output to the amplifier 33. The output of the amplifier 33 is sent to the X-axis servomotor 17. The rotation position and speed of the X-axis servomotor 17 are detected by the pulse generator 35, and the servomotor controller 32
And is fed back to the amplifier 33.

Similarly, the servo motor controller 32 receives the per-rotation feed distribution command and the pseudo-rotation signal N ', and outputs a pulse corresponding to the feed amount per one rotation to the amplifier 34. The output of the amplifier 34 is sent to the Z-axis servomotor 13. The rotational position and speed of the Z-axis servomotor 13 are detected by the pulse generator 37 and fed back to the servomotor controller 32 and the amplifier 34.

The servo motor control unit 32 controls the X-axis servo motor 17 and the Z-axis servo motor 13 and, in accordance with the NC machining program stored in the machining program memory 25, linearly or circularly connects between the two commanded points. , And controls the X-axis servomotor 17 and the Z-axis servomotor 13 to interpolate along a function curve such as a parabola.

(Operation of First Embodiment) Next, the operation of the first embodiment will be described. In the first embodiment,
The following description will be made assuming that the magnification setting data n is preset by the keyboard 23a on the setting screen. The NC program is read by the machining program program memory 25 and sequentially executed. When the wheel rotation speed command S is executed, a pseudo wheel rotation speed command S ′ is issued to the drive motor 7 via the second magnification conversion unit 28, the D / A converter 29, and the amplifier 30.

The second magnification conversion section 28 has a wheel rotation speed command S.
The rotation S instructed in S is calculated as S ′ = S × n, and a pseudo wheel rotation speed command S ′ is output. That is, the command of the pseudo wheel rotation speed S ′ which is n times the first wheel rotation command S is issued. The PC 45 converts the control signal generated by the drive motor control unit 29a based on the pseudo wheel spindle speed command S ′ into an analog signal by the D / A converter 29. Furthermore, the output of the D / A converter 29 is amplified by the amplifier 30, and the drive motor 7 is commanded to rotate normally (M03),
The reverse rotation command (M04) drives the rotation speed to S '.

When the drive motor 7 is started to rotate, the drive roller 4 drives the wheel 2 to rotate at the rotation speed S. Drive roller 4
Is output from the pulse generator 12 and input to the first magnification converter 31. The first magnification converter 31 uses the pulse signal N from the pulse generator 12 for 1 / n, that is, the radius of the wheel 2 is r1, and the radius of the drive roller 4 is r2.
Divide to the ratio of.

The divided pulse signal is the pseudo rotation signal N '.
Then, the pseudo rotation signal N ′ is input to the servo motor control unit 32, and the servo motor control unit 32 obtains the rotation signal of the wheel 2 by the pseudo rotation signal N ′.

The servo motor controller 32 controls the X-axis servo motor 17 and the Z-axis servo motor 13 of the wheel 2 via the amplifier 33 and the amplifier 34 in accordance with the per-rotation feed distribution command and the pseudo rotation signal N '. The feed amount per rotation is issued so as to be the feed amount for each rotation feed commanded by the F function. The servo motor control unit 32 uses the X-axis servo motor 1
7. By controlling the movement of the Z-axis servomotor 13, a desired locus is machined on the outer circumference of the wheel 2 with the tool 19.

(Second Embodiment) FIG. 4 is a functional block diagram showing a second embodiment of a machining control device. The processing control device 20 produces the pseudo rotation signal N ′ and the pseudo rotation speed command signal S ′ based on the data n set in the ratio setting memory 27. The processing control device 50 of the second embodiment automatically calculates the data n.

The drive roller diameter memory 40 is also a memory area for inputting and storing the diameter r1 of the drive roller 4. The wheel diameter memory 41 is a memory area for automatically inputting and storing the diameter r1 of the wheel 2 from the wheel diameter measuring device 38. Ratio calculation program memory 42
Is a memory area in which a calculation program for calculating the diameter r2 of the drive roller 4 and the diameters r1 to n of the wheels 2 is stored. The ratio calculation unit 42a performs the ratio calculation processing according to this ratio calculation program. , Ratio setting memory 27.

In the second embodiment, n is automatically calculated from the diameter r2 of the driving roller 4 and the wheel diameter r1 to generate the pseudo rotation signal N'and the pseudo rotation speed signal S ', so that the ratio There is no need to input the setting data n. If the wheel diameter measured by the wheel diameter measuring device 38 is automatically stored in the wheel diameter memory 41, the automation may be further advanced.

(Other Embodiments) The pulse generator 12 of the above-mentioned embodiment detects the rotational speed of the drive motor 7 or the drive roller 4, but directly detects the rotation speed of the outer peripheral surface 8 of the wheel. It may be a method. Further, the magnification converter 31 thins out the pulses generated from the pulse generator 12, that is, divides the frequency to generate the pseudo rotation signal N ′, but it may be generated by a program.

The drive motor includes an NC device, a motor controller,
It may be controlled via a D / A converter amplifier. The pulse generator may be a detection unit such as an encoder or a resolver.

[0043]

As described in detail above, according to the present invention,
In the underfloor type wheel lathe, the wheel rotation speed command and each rotation feed command can be issued, and the program can be easily created in the same manner as a normal numerically controlled lathe, and program mistakes are reduced. Further, since a certain amount of cutting feed can be performed according to the rotational speed of the wheels, the tool is not overloaded, so that the precision of the processed shape is high and the surface roughness is ideal.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing a cutting device showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a cutting device showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a functional block diagram of a processing control device for an underfloor wheel lathe.

[Fig. 4] Fig. 4 is a functional block diagram showing another embodiment example of the processing control device for an underfloor wheel lathe.

FIG. 5 is an example of a ratio data setting screen.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Wheel shaft 2 ... Wheel 3 ... Gear box 4 ... Drive roller 5 ... Cutting device 6 ... Reduction gear mechanism 12, 35, 37 ... Pulse generator 13 ... X-axis servo motor 17 ... Z-axis servo motor 28 ... 2nd magnification conversion part 29 ... D / A converter 31 ... First magnification converter 32 ... Servo motor control unit

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A wheel (2) is supported in a state where a wheel axle (1) of a railway vehicle is mounted on the vehicle, and the wheel (2) is rotated by a driving roller (4) which is in contact with an outer peripheral surface of the wheel (2). ) Is rotated to turn the work surface of the wheel (2), in an underfloor type wheel lathe controlled by a numerical controller, a wheel (2) corresponding to the rotation speed of the wheel (2) is A rotation speed signal for instructing a rotational feed, which is a feed amount for each rotation, is issued, and a rotation signal corresponding to the rotation of a drive roller (4) for rotationally driving the wheel (2) and a diameter of the wheel (2) And the diameter of the drive roller (4) for driving the wheel (2), a pseudo-per-revolution signal of the wheel (2) is generated, and the pseudo-per-revolution signal of the wheel (2) and the per-revolution feed command are generated. From the tool (19) attached to the tool rest (18) to the wheel (2) Sends a feed signal for relatively moving the machining control method underfloor type wheel lathe to the work surface, characterized in that turning of said wheel (2). 2. A wheel (2) is supported with the wheel axle (1) of the railway vehicle mounted on the vehicle, and the wheel (2) is driven by the rotation of a drive roller (4) contacting the outer peripheral surface of the wheel (2). ) To rotate the surface to be machined of the wheel (2) in an underfloor type wheel lathe controlled by a numerical controller, the wheel rotation speed for rotating the wheel (2) at a predetermined rotation speed. A pseudo wheel rotation, which is a rotation speed command of the drive roller (4) based on the wheel rotation speed command and the diameter of the wheel (2) and the diameter of the drive roller (4) that drives the wheel. A number command is generated, and the drive roller (4) is rotationally driven by the pseudo wheel rotational speed command to rotationally drive the wheel (2), and the surface to be machined of the wheel (2) is turned. Machining control method of underfloor type wheel lathe characterized by rotating drive . 3. The ratio data according to claim 1, wherein the diameter of the wheel (2) and the diameter of the driving roller (4) for driving the wheel (2) are ratio data. A processing control method for an underfloor type wheel lathe, which can be set by setting data from the above or setting from an NC processing program. 4. An underfloor type wheel lathe for machining a work surface of a wheel (2) by driving a wheel (2) with a drive roller (4) in a state where a wheel axle (1) of a railway vehicle is mounted on the vehicle. Speed detection means (12) for detecting the speed of the outer peripheral surface of the wheel (2), a signal output from the speed detection means (12), a radius (r2) of the drive roller (4), and the wheel Wheel pseudo-per-revolution signal generation means (27, 31, 40, 41, 42) for generating a pseudo-per-revolution signal (N ') of the wheel (2) from the radius (r1) of (2), and the wheel. Machining control of an underfloor wheel lathe, comprising: a cutting device (5) for turning the surface to be processed of the wheel (2) by a feed command for each rotation based on a pseudo-per-rotation signal (N '). apparatus. 5. The speed detection means (12) according to claim 4, for detecting a rotation speed of the drive roller (4), and driving a wheel rotation speed command (S) of the wheel (2). Wheel rotation speed conversion means (28) for converting the radius of the roller (4) and the radius of the wheel (2) to generate a pseudo wheel rotation speed command signal (S ') for rotating the drive roller (4). A processing control device for an underfloor wheel lathe, which is characterized in that 6. The wheel pseudo every rotation signal according to claim 4, wherein the speed detecting means (12) is a pulse generator (12) that generates a pulse in proportion to a rotation speed of the driving roller (4). Generating means (27, 31, 40,
41, 42) is provided with a first magnification converter (13) for dividing the pulse generated from the pulse generator (12), and is an underfloor type wheel lathe machining control device.