JPH0341281B2

JPH0341281B2 -

Info

Publication number: JPH0341281B2
Application number: JP57126223A
Authority: JP
Priority date: 1982-07-20
Filing date: 1982-07-20
Publication date: 1991-06-21
Also published as: JPS5919605A

Description

[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は加工物を所定の非真円形状に切削加工
する非真円形状切削加工装置に関する。従来、加工物の非真円形状切削加工は、第１図
に示すように、加工物１の加工すべき所定の非真
円形状２と同一形状に製作したカム３の外周に、
一端を板４，４′にそれぞれ固定したスプリング
５，５′により工具６を押し当て、カム３を加工
物と同一速度で回転させることにより工具６を前
後送りして行なつていた。したがつて、長期間
カムを使用しているうちにカムが次第に磨耗し、
変形して加工精度が落ちてくる、工具がカムの
形状に追随して動くことができないために加工速
度を上げることができない、製作したカムの修
正は職人の手作業であるために長期間を要し、又
削り過ぎた場合にはその補正が困難である等の問
題点があつた。また、数値制御装置により非真円
形状切削加工を行なうものでは、加工物の単位回
転角度当りの工具移動量のデータを記憶装置から
読み出した後、その都度、切込データの加算、補
間演算等の演算処理を行なわなければならないの
で、演算時間以上に加工速度を上げることができ
なかつた。本発明はかかる点に鑑み提案されたもので、高
速かつ高精度に加工物を所定の非真円形状に切削
加工する非真円形状切削加工装置を提供すること
を目的とする。本発明は加工物を加工する所定の非真円形状に
対応した工具の移動位置、移動速度、移動加減速
度の３種類のデータのうち移動位置のデータを含
む少なくとも１種類のデータを加工に入る前に予
め記憶装置に記憶しておき、一方工具を取り付け
た刃物台を前後送りする刃物台送り軸モータを、
往復台に設置した横送り軸モータにより予め設定
したバレル形状に従つて横送りされる横送り台に
設置し、さらに工具を取り付けた刃物台を前後送
りする、前述の刃物台送り軸モータをドライブす
るデジタルサーボ装置を設け、加工物が所定の単
位角度回転する毎に前記記憶装置から工具の次の
移動位置のデータを取り出し、これらのデータの
信号を前記デジタルサーボ装置に印加して、工具
が予め与えられた加工物の非真円形状に応じた前
後運動をするように追従サーボ制御するようにし
たものである。以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて説明す
る。第２図は本発明の１実施例に係る非真円形状
切削加工装置のブロツク図である。１１は主軸、
１２は主軸１１と共に回転するチヤツクである。
チヤツク１２に取付けられたつめ１３により加工
物１４が保持されている。Ｍ１は主軸モータで、
その回転はプーリー１５、Ｖベルト６、プーリー
１７により主軸１１に伝達される。PG₂は主軸１
１、すなわち加工物１４が所定の単位角度、回転
する毎にパルスを発生するパルスジエネレータ
で、加工物１４の回転角度を検出する。１８は往
復台で、往復台送り軸モータＭ２により駆動され
る往復台送り軸１９により移動する。２１は横送
り台で、往復台１８に設置された横送り軸モータ
Ｍ３により駆動される横送り軸２０により移動す
る。２３は工具２２を取付けた刃物台で、横送り
台２１に設置された刃物台送り軸モータＭ４によ
り駆動される刃物台送り軸２４により移動する。
PG₁，TG₁はそれぞれ刃物台送り軸モータＭ４の
回転角度と回転速度とから工具２２の移動位置と
移動速度を検出するパルスジエネレータとタコジ
エネレータである。２５は主軸モータＭ１、往復
台送り軸モータＭ２、そして横送り軸モータＭ３
を駆動する制御装置である。２６は刃物台送りモ
ータＭ４を制御するデジタルサーボ装置である。
このデジタルサーボ装置２６について第３図によ
り説明する。２７は第４図に示す加工物１４の加
工する非真円形状をその回転中心Ｏを中心にして
例えば1°毎のその外周上の点Ｐ０，Ｐ１，…，Ｐ
３５９に対する工具２２の移動位置Ｘ０，Ｘ１，
…，Ｘ３５９（表１）を記憶した移動位置データ
用RAMである。２８，２９はそれぞれこれらの
点Ｐ０，Ｐ１，…，Ｐ３５９での工具２２の移動
速度X〓０，X〓１，…，X〓３５９（表２）、移動加減
速度Ｘ¨０，Ｘ¨１，…，Ｘ¨３５９（表３）を記憶し
た移動速度データ用RAM、移動加減速度用
RAMである。 The present invention relates to a non-round shape cutting device for cutting a workpiece into a predetermined non-round shape. Conventionally, in cutting a workpiece into a non-perfect circular shape, as shown in FIG.
The tool 6 is pushed back and forth by springs 5 and 5' whose ends are fixed to the plates 4 and 4' respectively, and the tool 6 is fed back and forth by rotating the cam 3 at the same speed as the workpiece. Therefore, as the cam is used for a long period of time, the cam gradually wears out.
Machining accuracy decreases due to deformation; machining speed cannot be increased because the tool cannot follow the shape of the cam; modification of the manufactured cam is done by hand by craftsmen, so it takes a long time. In addition, there were problems such as difficulty in correcting the excessive removal. In addition, when cutting a non-perfect circular shape using a numerical control device, after reading data on the amount of tool movement per unit rotation angle of the workpiece from the storage device, addition of depth of cut data, interpolation calculations, etc. are performed each time. calculation processing, it was not possible to increase the machining speed beyond the calculation time. The present invention has been proposed in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to provide a non-round shape cutting device that cuts a workpiece into a predetermined non-round shape at high speed and with high precision. In the present invention, at least one type of data including data on the movement position among the three types of data of the movement position, movement speed, and movement acceleration/deceleration of a tool corresponding to a predetermined non-perfect circular shape to be machined is used for processing. The turret feed shaft motor that moves the turret with the tool attached back and forth is stored in the memory device in advance.
Drives the aforementioned tool post feed axis motor, which is installed on the cross feed table and moves the tool post with the tool attached back and forth. A digital servo device is provided, and each time the workpiece rotates by a predetermined unit angle, data on the next movement position of the tool is retrieved from the storage device, and signals of these data are applied to the digital servo device to cause the tool to rotate. Follow-up servo control is performed so that the workpiece moves back and forth in accordance with the non-perfect circular shape of the workpiece given in advance. Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the drawings. FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a non-round shape cutting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. 11 is the main axis,
12 is a chuck that rotates together with the main shaft 11.
A workpiece 14 is held by a pawl 13 attached to the chuck 12. M1 is the main shaft motor,
The rotation is transmitted to the main shaft 11 by the pulley 15, V-belt 6, and pulley 17. PG ₂ is spindle 1
1, that is, a pulse generator that generates a pulse every time the workpiece 14 rotates by a predetermined unit angle, detects the rotation angle of the workpiece 14. Reference numeral 18 denotes a carriage, which is moved by a carriage feed shaft 19 driven by a carriage feed shaft motor M2. Reference numeral 21 denotes a cross feed table, which is moved by a cross feed shaft 20 driven by a cross feed shaft motor M3 installed on the carriage 18. Reference numeral 23 denotes a tool post to which the tool 22 is attached, and is moved by a tool post feed shaft 24 driven by a tool post feed shaft motor M4 installed on the transverse feed stand 21.
PG ₁ and TG ₁ are a pulse generator and a tacho generator, respectively, which detect the moving position and moving speed of the tool 22 from the rotation angle and rotation speed of the tool post feed shaft motor M4. 25 is a main shaft motor M1, a carriage feed shaft motor M2, and a lateral feed shaft motor M3.
This is a control device that drives the 26 is a digital servo device that controls the tool post feed motor M4.
This digital servo device 26 will be explained with reference to FIG. 27 indicates points P0, P1, ..., P on the outer circumference of the workpiece 14 shown in FIG.
The movement positions of the tool 22 relative to 359 X0, X1,
..., X359 (Table 1) is a RAM for movement position data. 28 and 29 are the moving speeds of the tool 22 at these points P0, P1, ..., P359, respectively. ,..., RAM for movement speed data storing X¨359 (Table 3), for movement acceleration/deceleration
It is RAM.

【表】【table】

Claims

[Claims] 1. A main shaft that rotates a workpiece, a main shaft motor that drives the main shaft, a carriage, a carriage feed shaft and a carriage feed axis motor that drive the carriage, a transverse feed table, A cross-feed axis and a cross-feed axis motor installed on the reciprocating table and driving the cross-feed table, a tool post to which a tool is attached, and a tool post feed installed on the cross-feed table and driving the tool post. a control device that controls the spindle and the turret feed axis motor, the main spindle motor, the carriage feed axis motor, and the lateral feed axis motor; detects the rotation angle of the workpiece and outputs a detection signal at each predetermined rotation angle; a rotation angle detector to output; and at least one type of data including data corresponding to the movement position among three types of data corresponding to the movement position, movement speed, and movement acceleration/deceleration of the tool for each predetermined unit rotation angle of the workpiece; and a storage means for storing data of the rotation angle detector, and each time the workpiece rotates by the unit rotation angle, the movement position, movement speed, and movement acceleration/deceleration of the tool at that rotation angle are determined. signal processing means for extracting at least one type of data including data corresponding to a movement position from the storage means as a command signal among three types of data corresponding to the movement position; and a digital servo device that controls the tool post feed shaft motor to follow and control the tool post based on the command signal so as to perform back-and-forth movement according to a predetermined non-round shape to be cut. Device. 2. A main shaft that rotates the workpiece, a main shaft motor that drives the main shaft, a carriage, a carriage feed shaft and a carriage feed axis motor that drive the carriage, a transverse carriage, and a carriage installed on the carriage. , a cross-feed axis and a cross-feed axis motor that drive this cross-feed base, a tool post to which a tool is attached, and a turret feed axis and a turret feed axis that are installed on the cross-feed base and drive this tool post. a motor; a control device that controls the main shaft motor, the carriage feed shaft motor, and the lateral feed shaft motor; and a rotation angle detector that detects the rotation angle of the workpiece and outputs a detection signal for each predetermined rotation angle. and a first one for storing at least one type of data including data corresponding to the movement position among three types of data corresponding to the movement position, movement speed, and movement acceleration/deceleration of the tool for each predetermined unit rotation angle of the workpiece. the first storage means, the second storage means for storing deformation data, and the data stored in the first storage means are subjected to arithmetic processing and/or data processing, and each time the tool is fed by the carriage; a deformation data generating means that generates the deformation data that changes to the unit rotation angle and stores the deformation data in a second storage means; and a detection signal of the rotation angle detector is inputted, each time, at least one type of data including data corresponding to the movement position among three types of data corresponding to the movement position, movement speed, and movement acceleration/deceleration of the tool at the rotation angle is stored from the second storage means, or the first storage means and the second storage means.
a signal processing means for extracting a command signal from the storage means; and a signal processing means for extracting a command signal from the storage means, and a signal processing means for causing the tool to move back and forth according to a predetermined non-perfect circular shape of the workpiece to be machined by the tool post feed shaft motor based on the command signal. and a digital servo device that includes a control means for tracking and controlling the tool post feed shaft motor. 3. A main shaft that rotates the workpiece, a main shaft motor that drives the main shaft, a carriage, a carriage feed shaft and a carriage feed axis motor that drive the carriage, a transverse carriage, and a carriage installed on the carriage. , a cross-feed axis and a cross-feed axis motor that drive this cross-feed base, a tool post to which a tool is attached, and a turret feed axis and a turret feed axis that are installed on the cross-feed base and drive this tool post. a motor; a control device that controls the main shaft motor, the carriage feed shaft motor, and the lateral feed shaft motor; and a rotation angle detector that detects the rotation angle of the workpiece and outputs a detection signal for each predetermined rotation angle. and a first one for storing at least one type of data including data corresponding to the movement position among three types of data corresponding to the movement position, movement speed, and movement acceleration/deceleration of the tool for each predetermined unit rotation angle of the workpiece. determining the data deviation between the data stored in the first storage means, the second storage means for storing the data deviation, and the actual measured value of the processing result corresponding to each of these data; data deviation generation means for storing these data deviations in a second storage means; correcting the data stored in the first storage means with the data deviations stored in the second storage means; data correction means for storing subsequent data in a first storage means; and inputting a detection signal of the rotation angle detector, and moving the tool at the rotation angle each time the workpiece rotates by the unit rotation angle. a signal processing means for extracting at least one type of data including data corresponding to the movement position from the first storage means as a command signal among three types of data corresponding to the position, movement speed, and movement acceleration/deceleration; and the turret feeder. a digital servo control means for controlling the tool post feed axis motor in accordance with the command signal so that the axis motor causes the tool to move back and forth according to a predetermined non-perfect circular shape to be machined on the workpiece; A non-round shape cutting device having a device. 4. A main shaft that rotates the workpiece, a main shaft motor that drives the main shaft, a carriage, a carriage feed shaft and a carriage feed axis motor that drive the carriage, a transverse carriage, and a carriage installed on the carriage. , a cross-feed axis and a cross-feed axis motor that drive this cross-feed base, a tool post to which a tool is attached, and a turret feed axis and a turret feed axis that are installed on the cross-feed base and drive this tool post. a motor; a control device that controls the main shaft motor, the carriage feed shaft motor, and the lateral feed shaft motor; a rotation angle detector that detects the rotation angle of the workpiece and outputs a detection signal at a predetermined rotation angle; , a first type of data that stores at least one type of data including data corresponding to the movement position among three types of data corresponding to the movement position, movement speed, and movement acceleration/deceleration of the tool for each predetermined unit rotation angle of the workpiece; the data deviation between the data stored in the storage means, the second storage means for storing the data deviation, and the first storage means and the actual measured value of the processing result corresponding to each of these data; data deviation generating means for storing the data deviation in the second storage means; correcting the data stored in the first storage means with the data deviation stored in the second storage means; and correcting the data stored in the first storage means; a data correction means for storing the subsequent data in the first storage means; a third storage means for storing the deformed data; and arithmetic processing and/or data processing for the corrected data stored in the first storage means. a deformation data generating means for performing processing to generate the deformation data that changes each time the tool is fed by the carriage and storing the deformation data in a third storage means; and detection by the rotation angle detector. A signal is input, and each time the workpiece rotates through the unit rotation angle, the data corresponding to the movement position is extracted from among the three types of data corresponding to the movement position, movement speed, and movement acceleration/deceleration of the tool at that rotation angle. a signal processing means for extracting at least one type of data including data from the first storage means and/or the third storage means as a command signal; and a digital servo device for controlling the tool post feed shaft motor based on the command signal so as to perform back-and-forth movement according to the circular shape.