JPS5919093A - Laser machining device - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To eliminate the need for a light shielding cover for enclosing the entire part of a device and to provide a reduction in cost and an improvement in productivity by providing specifically a shielding plate for laser light on the outside circumferential side of a laser lens holder through which an assist gas is passed. CONSTITUTION:Many groove parts 14 are provided in the axial direction on the inside circumference on the bottom end side of a lens holder 13, and a lens 7 is inserted and held therein. A pressurized assist gas passes through the parts 14 and is fed to a work piece 9 side. Laser light 2 passes the lens 7, and spreads in four ways after irradiating the work piece 9. The 1st light shielding pieces 15a of a rectangular strip shape are juxtaposed at specified intervals along the axial line on the outside circumferential side of the holder 13, and the 2nd light shielding pieces 15b of a rectangular strip shape are similarly provided on the outside circumference of the pieces 15a so as to enclose said pieces. Clearance 17 is formed in the spacings between the pieces 15a, and the light shielding plate 15 consists of the group of the pieces 15a, 15b. The retainers 16 for the plates 15 enclosing the outside of the pieces 15b support freely slidably the pieces 15a, 15b of which the bottom ends contact with the work piece 9. Then the gaps between the holder 13 and the work piece 9 are hermetically closed by the plate 15, and the reflected light of the light 2 reflects repeatedly on the plate 15 without leaking to the outside. Gas vents are provided to the pieces 15b.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a laser processing device, and in particular, it eliminates the need for a light-shielding cover for preventing leakage of laser light that covers the entire laser processing device, and provides a light-shielding plate around the lens holder of the laser head. The present invention relates to a laser processing device configured to prevent leakage of laser light.

Laser processing equipment that cuts workpieces with a laser beam has been widely used, but to protect the safety of workers, a light shielding plate is required to prevent laser light from leaking. Most commonly used light-shielding means use a light-shielding cover that encloses the entire laser processing equipment, and the worker cannot directly see the workpiece.The laser processing is performed by remote control, and the processing is carried out by remote control. This was then carried out.Therefore, not only was there a drawback in terms of work efficiency, but the equipment was also expensive.

That is, as shown in FIG. 1, the CCJ2 laser oscillator 1
The laser beam 2 emitted from the is guided into the inside of the device covered by a light-shielding cover, passes through pendent mirrors 5 and 6 provided in the XY movable table 4, enters the processing objective laser lens 7, and is condensed. A workpiece 9 placed on a base 8 is irradiated with the light, and a cutting operation is performed. An operator 10 remotely controls the laser processing operation using a control panel 11 provided outside the light-shielding cover. The above configuration prevents the laser beam 2 from leaking, but as described above, the light shielding cover 3 covers the entire device and is therefore extremely expensive. Furthermore, laser processing is a remote operation that cannot be visually observed, which also poses problems in terms of workability.

FIG. 2 shows a YAG laser processing device, in which the workpiece of the device is covered with a light-shielding cover 3a.

The laser beam emitted from the YAG laser oscillator 1a is guided to the grain processing section by a light-shielding cover 3a, and laser processing is performed. 12, take out the workpiece and replace it. Similar to the above-mentioned device, this device also has the disadvantage that not only is the light-shielding cover 3a expensive, but it is also difficult to replace workpieces, making it impossible to improve productivity.

The present invention was devised to solve the above-mentioned drawbacks, and its purpose is to provide a laser processing device that can reduce device costs and improve productivity.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a light shielding piece along and surrounding the outer periphery of a lens holder that encloses a laser lens, and prevents light from leaking between adjacent light shielding pieces. engaging a light-shielding piece with the light-shielding plate 1~, slidably holding the light-shielding piece by a light-shielding plate retainer, and engaging a gas venting part with the light-shielding plate so as to draw out the assist gas to the outside; The present invention is characterized by a laser processing device in which a pressure control unit that reduces the weight of the light shielding piece is engaged so that the light shielding piece smoothly follows the workpiece.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

The outline of the embodiment will be briefly explained.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 4, a laser lens 7 that focuses and irradiates the laser beam 2 is provided on the upper side close to the workpiece 9.
A laser lens 7 is held at the lower end of a hollow cylindrical lens holder 1. Assist gas is introduced into the lens holder 13 to prevent molten metal generated by laser processing from entering the laser lens 7. A large number of light shielding pieces 15a and 15b are provided around the outer periphery of the lens holder 15 along its axial direction so as to surround the lens holder 15, thereby forming a light shielding plate 15. In this embodiment, as will be described in detail later, the light shielding plate 15 has a double structure,
The gap between the adjacent first light shielding pieces 15a is the same as that of the second light shielding piece 15.
It is closed by b. The closed υIJ gap 17 forms a gas venting portion for discharging the assist gas to the outside. Both the first and second light-shielding pieces 15a, 15b are slidably held by a light-shielding plate retainer 16 provided on the outer side. Further, as shown in FIG. 16, a vacuum device 19 of a pressure control section 22 is connected to the light shielding plate holder 16 7,
The light shielding pieces 15a, 15b are sucked upward to reduce their own weight so that the first and second light shielding pieces 15a, 15b can smoothly follow the surface of the workpiece 9.

With the above configuration, the laser beam 2 does not leak to the outside, so there is no need for a shielding cover 6, etc. that covers the entire device, and the collector 1o also does not need to operate remotely.
Work efficiency can be improved.

Next, we will further explain the embodiment.

As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a large number of bamboo parts 14 are formed in the axial direction on the inner periphery of the lower end of the lens holder 13, and a laser lens 7 is inserted and held therein.

Further, assist gas is supplied into the lens holder 13 by means not shown, and the assist gas passes through the groove 14 and is sent downward to the workpiece 9 side. The assist gas is made of air, nitrogen gas, etc., and is used to prevent molten metal vapor turned into metal vapor by laser processing from adhering to the laser lens 7, and is normally pressurized to a certain pressure or higher. After the laser beam 2 passes through the laser lens 7 and irradiates the workpiece 9,
Spread in all directions. On the outer circumferential side of the lens holder 13, strip-shaped first light-shielding pieces 15a are arranged in parallel along the axial direction at a constant distance □, and surround the first light-shielding pieces 15a.

Also, on the outer periphery of the first light shielding piece 15a, a second strip-like piece is provided.
The light shielding pieces 15b are arranged in parallel at regular intervals and surround the first light shielding piece 15a. And second light shielding piece 15b
is disposed astride between adjacent first light shielding pieces 15a, and forms a gap 17 at the above-mentioned interval between the first light shielding pieces 15a. The light shielding plate 15 is formed from a double cylindrical body consisting of a first light shielding piece iSa group and a second light shielding piece 15b group. Note that both the first light-shielding piece 15a and the second light-shielding piece 15b are completely covered with a black coat treated with a matte finish.

A light shielding plate retainer 16 is provided on the outside of the second light shielding piece 15b to surround it. The light-shielding plate retainer 16 has an uneven portion formed along its circumference, and the uneven portion supports the first and second light-shielding pieces 15a and 15b in a slidable manner. Then, the lower ends of the first and second light shielding pieces 15a and 15b abut against the workpiece 9.

With the above configuration, the gap between the lens boulder 13 and the workpiece 9 is sealed by the first and second light-shielding pieces 15a, 15b, and the reflected light of the laser beam 2 is repeatedly reflected on the light-shielding plate 15, and no light is transmitted to the outside. No leakage.

Note that the assist gas is discharged through the gap 17.

FIG. 5 shows the light shielding plate 15 used for laser processing of a cylindrical workpiece 9a. Both the first light shielding piece 15a and the second light shielding piece 15b are formed in the shape of a strip as described above,
Since they are slidably held by the light-shielding plate retainer 16, they engage along the surface shape of the workpiece 9a. Therefore, the laser beam 2 does not leak to the outside.

FIG. 6 shows another embodiment.

In this embodiment, the shape of the light shielding plate 15 is different from that described above.

That is, as shown in FIG. 7, the light-shielding piece 15c has two stepped tapered portions 15c', 15 tapering on the tip side thereof.
It is formed by dividing and cutting a hollow cylinder in the shape of a cone on the distal end side and arranging adjacent cylinders side by side with no distance between them.

In FIG. 6, the light-shielding piece 15c formed as described above is directly held slidably by the light-shielding plate holder 16a.
As in the embodiment described above, the light shielding pieces 15c may be surrounded by the outer periphery of the light shielding pieces 15c, and two light shielding pieces may be provided to extend the distance between adjacent light shielding pieces 15c.

The light shielding plate 15 of this embodiment is effective when the shape of the workpiece 9b is not flat, but irregular or whose shape changes drastically. That is, this light shielding plate 15 is
This is because the area in contact with the workpiece 9b is small, so the light shielding plate 15 moves in accordance with changes in the workpiece 9b and can prevent leakage of laser light.Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 8.This embodiment The shape of the light shielding plate 15 is changed. That is, the cross-sectional shape of the strip-shaped light-shielding piece 15d is set to the engaging convex portion 26.
and engagement recesses 24 are formed on both end sides, and the engagement protrusions 23 and engagement recesses 2 of the adjacent light shielding pieces 15d, 15d.
4 are engaged with each other, and the light shielding piece 15d is connected to a single cylindrical body.

Since the engagement protrusion 23 and the engagement recess 24 engage with each other, there is no space between adjacent light shielding pieces 15d. Therefore, there is no fear of leakage of laser light, and there is no need to provide double light shielding plates 15 as in the previous embodiment.

FIG. 9 shows another embodiment.

In this embodiment, the shape of the light shielding plate 15 is also changed.

That is, the cross-sectional shape of the rectangular light-shielding piece 15e is bent to form locking portions 25 at both ends. The light shielding piece 15e is formed into a U-shape, with adjacent light shielding pieces 15e facing each other so that the bent locking portions 25 are engaged with each other, and the light shielding piece 15e is connected to a single cylindrical body. In this case as well, there is no gap between the adjacent light shielding plates, so there is no need to double the light shielding plates 15. FIGS. 10 and 11 show an embodiment in which the light shielding plates are provided with a gas vent.

A curved hollow member 26 is attached to the second light shielding piece 15b described in FIGS. 6 and 4, and forms a gas venting portion 27. The hollow member 26 penetrates the second light shielding piece 15b and also forms a gap 17 shown in FIG.
It communicates with Therefore, the assist gas is discharged through the gap 17 and is also discharged from the hollow member 26. As described above, the assist gas is pressurized, and when its flow rate is large, the light shielding plate 15 is considerably pressurized. As a result, the light shielding plate 15 does not slide smoothly. Therefore, by discharging the assist gas from the hollow member 26, the pressure applied to the light shielding plate 15 can be reduced2.On the other hand, the inner surface of the hollow member 26 is coated with a matte black coating, and Since the hollow member 26 is curved as described above, the laser light is repeatedly reflected on the inner surface of the hollow member 26 and does not leak to the outside. Note that the hollow member 26 is
The assist gas can be smoothly discharged by attaching it to all or part of the light shielding piece 15b as appropriate.

FIG. 12 shows an embodiment in which a hollow member 26 is provided in the light shielding piece 15d of FIG. 8, and FIG. 16 shows an embodiment in which a hollow member 26 is provided in the light shielding piece 15e in FIG. Its effect is the first one above.
This is similar to that shown in FIGS. 0 and 11.

FIG. 14 shows another embodiment of the gas venting part 27.

The conical part on the tip side of the light shielding piece 15C shown in FIG.
An outer frame member 30 is provided that encloses this to form a sealed space 61, thereby forming a gas venting portion 27. Light shielding piece 15
An inlet portion 28 communicating with the closed space 31 is formed in the conical portion on the tip side of c, and an outlet portion 29 is formed in the outer frame member 30 to communicate the closed space filter 1 with the outside.

With the above configuration, the assist gas is discharged to the outside from the inlet part 28 and the outlet part 29 1, and the inner surface of the sealed space 31 of the gas vent part 27 is coated with a matte black coating. In addition, since the gas venting portion 27 is bent in a tapered shape, the laser beam is repeatedly reflected and does not leak to the outside.

FIG. 16 shows an embodiment of the pressure control section 22. As shown in FIG.

A light-shielding plate holder 16 that slidably holds the light-shielding plate 15 is formed with its upper end closed, and a decompression chamber 18 serving as pressure adjustment means is formed inside the upper end. This decompression chamber 18 communicates with a portion where the light shielding plate 15 is held via a small hole 20.

Further, a vacuum device 19 is connected to the decompression chamber 18 via a pipe 21. With the above configuration, the vacuum from the vacuum device 19 is regulated in the decompression chamber 18 and then acts behind the light shielding plate 15 through the small hole 204. As a result, the light shielding plate 15 receives an effect of reducing its own weight.

Therefore, the contact pressure between the workpiece 9 and the light shielding plate 15 becomes extremely small, and the light shielding plate 15 moves smoothly along the surface of the workpiece 9. Note that, although the same applies to the above embodiments, the contact portion of the light shielding plate 15 with the workpiece 9, 6
2 is formed into a circular arc shape so that the light shielding plate 15 can come into close contact with the workpiece 9.

As described above, by providing the light-shielding plate 15 only around the lens holder 1 of the laser processing device, leakage of laser light can be prevented, so the light-shielding cover 3 that covers the entire processing device is not required, and the operator can also There is no need to perform indirect work, the work can be done while visually observing the workpiece 9, and the workpiece can be taken out directly after the work is completed.

As is clear from the above explanation and description, according to the present invention,
This has the effect of significantly reducing equipment costs and improving productivity.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 and 2 are perspective views showing an outline of a conventional laser processing device, FIG. 6 is a sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along the line IV-TV, and FIG. The figure is a sectional view showing an example of the usage state of the embodiment shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6 is a sectional view showing another embodiment, Fig. 7 is an explanatory drawing showing the shape of the light shielding piece, and Fig. 8 is a FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of another embodiment in the direction perpendicular to the axis, FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the gas venting part, and FIG. 12 and 16 are partial sectional views showing other embodiments of the waste removal section, and FIG. 14 is a sectional view showing still another embodiment of the gas removal section. , FIG. 15 is a perspective view showing only the gas venting section, and FIG. 16 is a sectional view showing the pressure control section. 2... Laser light 6, 3a... Light shielding cover 7...
・Laser lens 9, 9a, 9b...workpiece 1
0... Operator 16... Lens holder 14
... Groove portion 15... Light shielding plate 15a... First light shielding piece 15b... Second light shielding piece 15c, 1
5d, 15e... Light shielding piece 16.16a...
Light shielding plate suppressor 17... Gap 18... Decompression chamber
19... Vacuum device 20... Small hole 2
1... Piping 22... Pressure control part 23... Engagement protrusion 24... Engagement recess 25... Bending locking part 26... Hollow member 27... Gas venting part 28
...Entrance part 29...Outlet part 30...Outer frame part - material 61...Closed space = 523 M1 Figure 2 Figure 3 Figure @ 4 Figure 5 Figure 8 Figure 1q 9 Figure Seven cocoons and 10 illustrations Old illustration of chrysanthemum 14 Figure 9 Figure 16

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A laser processing device that includes a lens holder that covers a laser lens that focuses and irradiates a workpiece with laser light and that allows pressurized assist gas to pass through the lens holder. A large number of light-shielding pieces are arranged in parallel along the axial direction around the outer circumference of the holder, and the light-shielding pieces surround the lens holder to form a light-shielding plate, and gaps are created between adjacent light-shielding pieces. At the same time, a gas venting part for discharging the assist gas to the outside is engaged with the light shielding piece, and a pressure control part for sucking the light shielding piece to reduce its own weight is engaged. A laser processing device characterized in that a light-shielding plate retainer is provided on the outer side of the light-shielding piece to hold the light-shielding piece together and to slidably hold the light-shielding piece in the axial direction of the lens holder. 2. Strip-shaped first light-shielding pieces are arranged in a cylindrical shape at appropriate intervals, and a strip-shaped second light-shielding piece is arranged to straddle the adjacent first light-shielding pieces. The above-mentioned light-shielding plate is formed by disposing the light-shielding pieces on the outside of the first light-shielding piece, and the gap formed between the first light-shielding piece and the second light-shielding piece disposed astride the above-mentioned first light-shielding piece. 3 of the laser processing apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser processing device is formed as a gas venting portion, in place of the strip-shaped first and second light-shielding pieces, a stepped tape tapered on the tip side thereof; The laser processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the first and second light-shielding pieces are obtained by cutting a hollow cylinder in the shape of a cone on the tip side in the axial direction. . 4. The light-shielding plate has strip-shaped light-shielding pieces each having an engaging convex portion and an engaging recess formed on both ends of the cross-sectional shape arranged side by side in a cylindrical shape, and the engaging convex portions and concave portions are engaged with adjacent light-shielding pieces. 2. The cutting device according to claim 1, wherein the single cylindrical body is formed by engaging the concave portion and the engaging convex portion. 5. The light-shielding plate has the bending-locking portions of a strip-shaped light-shielding piece that forms bent-locking portions on both ends of its cross section locked with the bending-locking portions of adjacent light-shielding pieces. A laser processing device 6 according to claim 1, characterized in that the laser processing device 6 is formed from a single cylindrical body. 2. The laser processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the laser processing apparatus is formed of a material provided in the light shielding plate and communicating with the inside of the light shielding plate and the hollow member. Z The gas venting portion is formed by providing an outer frame member on the distal end side of the light shielding piece which is formed by dividing and cutting the light shielding piece from the conical hollow cylinder on the distal end side and forming a sealed space by enclosing the light shielding piece. The laser device according to claim 6, wherein the outer frame member is provided with an inlet portion communicating with the inside of the light shielding plate and an outlet portion communicating with the outside. . 8 The pressure control unit engages the vacuum device at 1 to 2 through the pressure adjustment means with the light shielding plate retainer holding the light shielding piece.
2. The laser processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein vacuum pressure is applied to the light shielding piece held by the light shielding plate holder of the light shielding piece.