JPS59102018A - Greens-planting work by thick-layer spraying - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To exactly perform greens-planting work on rockbed, etc, by spraying a slurry composed of a highly water absorptive Kanuma soil treated with surfactant, organic fiber, bentonite, erosion inhibitor, tackifier, water, seeds and fertilizer in specific amounts onto rockbed, etc. CONSTITUTION:A slurry base material 1 for greens-planting work, prepared by mixing 100pts.wt. one or a mixture of two or more of highly water absorptive porous Kanuma soil of grain size of 3-5mm., treated with surfactant, pumice stone, vermiculite and perlite, 80-150pts.wt. organic fiber, 20-100pts.wt. kaolinite or clay, 15-30pts.wt. erosion inhibitor, 0.01-0.05pts.wt. tackifier, 600- 700pts.wt. fresh water and seeds and fertilizer is thickly sprayed onto rockbed, hard soil, Masa (sand of small grain size), clay rock, etc. In case where a slope 6 is steep and smooth rockbed, large numbers of holes are drilled in the slope and then the base material for greens-planting work is sprayed onto the slope.

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] The present invention utilizes a bonder to thickly spray a slurry-like vegetation base onto rock, hard soil, masa soil, mudstone, etc., which have traditionally been considered difficult to green. This relates to a construction method that makes it possible to green vegetation at a low cost.

Conventionally, even when attempts have been made to green bedrock, hard soil, masa soil, mudstone, etc. by planting vegetation, the seeds of the plants often do not take root sufficiently and are washed away by rainfall, or wither due to drying out after germination. This is proving to be a difficult task.

One possible solution to the above problem is to provide a thick layer of vegetation base material on the surface of the rock so that the seeds of plants and trees can sufficiently germinate and take root. However, by one spraying on the rock, the thickness that meets the above purpose, that is, 40 mm or more,
It was very difficult to obtain a spray thickness of .

Therefore, the present inventors have developed a spraying greening method that can achieve the above objectives.

Next, the present invention will be explained in detail.

1) Composition of slurry-like vegetation base material 1- ■ Kanuma soil, etc. Kanuma soil, floating stones, vermiculite, perlite, etc. (hereinafter referred to as Kanuma soil, etc.), if sufficiently dried in the atmosphere, can be poured into water. It is often observed that it takes a considerable amount of time to start absorbing water due to surface tension.

In the method of the present invention, in order to make the most effective use of the water-absorbing properties of Kanuma soil, etc., a surfactant is diluted in advance into granular Kanuma soil, etc. to an aqueous solution with a weight ratio of 1.0 to 1.0% by weight, based on the weight of Kanuma soil, etc.
Spray 2.0% by weight with a sprayer, or in the case of powder, add 0.5 to 1.0% by weight of Kanuma soil, mix uniformly, and dry until air-dried.

The purpose of adding a surfactant is that by adjusting the maximum water absorption time of Kanuma soil, etc. to about 15 to 60 minutes after adding it to the mixer, the fluidity will be moderate from mixing to spraying, but it will not be blown out from the nozzle. The goal is for the material to be fixed and retained on the slope without becoming highly concentrated and highly viscous due to water absorption by the Kanuma-jou and running off.

In addition, in the conventional construction method, organic fibers and peat moss were mainly used as the vegetation base material, which had the disadvantage that the thickness of the vegetation base after spraying shrinks to almost half the thickness immediately after spraying. In the invented method, Kanuma soil etc. performs the function as an aggregate and prevents the settling of organic fibers, etc., so it is possible to maintain the original thickness at the time of spraying, and at the same time, it has the effect of increasing the porosity in the vegetation base. are doing.

Kanuma soil etc. not only absorbs moisture when initially sprayed, but also absorbs rainwater from subsequent rainfall, gradually supplying moisture to the roots of plants when dry. In addition, since the voids are large and the air permeability is good, it has a good effect on the growth of plants.

As mentioned above, a major feature of the method of the present invention is that Kanumagami etc. are used as the main ingredient.

1-■Organic fiber The fiber length is relatively long for organic fibers, 10 to 20 mm.
A combination of fibers with a relatively short fiber length of 5 mm or less is used.

Fibers with a relatively long fiber length are effective for increasing the connection within the vegetation base material and the adhesion force to the slope surface by utilizing the property that they tend to entangle with each other.

The materials used are waste paper and old newspapers, which are easily available and inexpensive, cut into pieces of about 1 to 2 mm in width and 20 mm in length. It is also possible to use cotton, staple fiber, fiber waste, etc. cut into lengths of about 20 mm or less.

Due to the flexibility and short fiber length of the fibers, the fibers with a relatively short fiber length are convenient to fill between long fibers and Kanuma soil, etc., and at the same time prevent slipping of the vegetation base liquid in the pump and hose. Use to improve. In this case, the material used is a valve, valve slag, etc.

Organic fertilizers such as peat moss and park compost are mixtures of long fibers and short fibers, but these, along with Kanuma soil, etc., form the main body of the vegetation base material, and are not organic fertilizers in themselves. In addition to having a fertilizer effect, it also has the effect of adsorbing and retaining moisture and fertilizer, and buffering the fertilizer.

-1-■ Bentonite, etc. Pennite, china clay, clay (hereinafter collectively referred to as bentonite, etc.) are in the form of fine particles that fill some of the voids in the vegetation substrate, and also cause slippage in pumps and hoses. It is used to improve fertilizer properties, but it also has the effect of adsorbing fertilizer and buffering it.

1-■ Adhesive Adhesive is used to improve tackiness at the initial stage of spraying and to improve workability inside the pump and hose. Various adhesives are commercially available, but there is no significant difference in effectiveness no matter which one is used. However, since the viscosity varies in strength and weakness, it is necessary to adjust the amount used depending on the brand of the product.

1-■ Erosion inhibitor After drying, the purpose of the erosion inhibitor is to solidify the materials within the vegetation base material and make the sprayed layer one. The resistance to corrosion increases and the effectiveness of erosion prevention increases.

1-■ Chemical Fertilizer Chemical fertilizers are not related to the germination of plants, so they are used when spraying, and may not be used at all. However, to improve growth after germination, mix around 100 g/m' into the vegetation base material. It's better to let it happen.

1-■ The number of seeds of seed plants that germinate is generally 5,000 to '7,
000 lines/m2.

That is, not all of the sprayed seeds will germinate, but the germination rate will vary depending on the state of the bedrock and other conditions, so it is necessary to take these points into consideration when determining the amount of seeds.

2) How to make slurry The method of making slurry will be explained in detail.

First, put 600 to 700 parts by weight of clean water into a mixer, start stirring, and add 0.01 to 0.04 parts by weight of the adhesive so that it is well dissolved. After the adhesive is well dissolved, add organic fibers (30% to 50% long fibers).

Add 80 to 150 parts by weight of short ones (70% to 50%), 20 to 100 parts by weight of bentonite, etc., 15 to 60 parts by weight of an erosion inhibitor, and further add chemical fertilizers and plant seeds in order and stir.
Finally, 100 parts by weight of Kanuma Jo etc. treated with a surfactant as explained in section 1-■ above were added and stirred until uniform.
A sprayable slurry with high concentration and high viscosity was obtained.

6) Spraying The slurry-like vegetation base material obtained by the method described in the previous section is immediately pumped into the port using a powerful high-concentration pump, and sprayed onto the rock slope from a nozzle attached to the end of the hose.

The thickness of the vegetation base obtained by one spraying is: When the slope slope is 60 to 40 degrees: 45 to 60 mm
60°': It is possible to spray to the extent of 60 to bOmm, and even if the slope is 45 to 60°, if a net is stretched, it is possible to spray to a thickness of about 60 mm.

In addition, similar to the thick layer soil spraying method (generally called the mud blowing soil method), which was previously applied to areas where it was difficult to create vegetation, a large special spraying machine that uses compressed air was used to create a slope surface. There is no need to climb up to spray, and the spray material is mixed with a mixer to form a uniform slurry, which is then pumped through the hose with a powerful high-concentration pump (1) and sprayed onto the slope from the nozzle tip to an appropriate thickness. Moreover, it is extremely safe because it can be constructed from a flat surface, and is also inexpensive, highly efficient, and highly maneuverable.

4) In cases where the slope slope is steep and the slope surface is smooth rock, etc.; If the slope slope is steep and the slope surface is smooth and there is a risk of the vegetation base material slipping, the slope should be cleaned before spraying. 2 to 1 m2
After drilling five holes with a diameter of 5 to 10 cm and a depth of 7 to 15 cm, spraying is performed.

Further, depending on the situation of the slope, it is preferable to further spread a net having meshes of about 50 mm square on the slope, fix this net with anchor bins, and then perform the spraying described in item 6) above.

As explained above, the present invention effectively utilizes the characteristics of Kanuma soil, etc. to achieve thick-layered vegetation afforestation, which was considered impossible in the past, and produces a synergistic effect by adding only a limited amount of other necessary ingredients. It was forced upon me.

Next, an example of an embodiment of the method of the present invention is shown in a diagram.
FIG. 1 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of the case where only holes are made without using a net and the vegetation construction method is implemented, and FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the case where a net is used.

In the figure, 1 is a vegetation base material, 2 is a hole, 3 is Kanuma soil, etc., 4 is a wire mesh, 5 is a bottle, and 6 is a slope to be sprayed.

Next, a more specific explanation will be given with reference to examples.

The material combination table used in each example is as follows.

Example 1: Pour clean water into a mixer, add adhesive while rotating the mixer, and dissolve well. Organic fibers, bentonite, etc., erosion inhibitors, chemical fertilizers, and seeds are added in this order and stirred. Furthermore, Kanuma Jo etc. treated with a surfactant was added and stirred until uniform.

The slurry thus obtained was pumped using a powerful high-concentration pump and sprayed onto a 40° slope from a nozzle attached to the end of the hose to form a thick layer with a thickness of 5 crIL. We succeeded in applying a vegetation layer.

Example 2 First, holes with a diameter of 10 ct and a density of 6 holes/tn' were formed on the rock slope.
A hole with a depth of 10 cm was made, and the same slurry as in Example 1 was sprayed onto the hole. In this case, the slurry, ie, the vegetation base material, was sprayed so as to fill the holes.

As the plants grow, their roots grow into these holes, creating irregularities in the depth of the roots, which provides an anchoring effect and prevents the entire vegetation from sliding down into a disk-like shape.

Example 6 A wire mesh with a mesh size of scm was stretched on the rock slope and fixed with anchor pins having a length of 15 cm, and then slurry was sprayed on it in the same manner as in Example 1 to a thickness of 5 cm. In this case, although the gradient of the slope was 600, the intended purpose could be sufficiently achieved without the slurry, that is, the vegetation base material slipping down.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory cross-sectional view of one embodiment in which no net is used;
FIG. 2 shows a cross-sectional view when a net is used. In the figure, 1: Vegetation base material 2: Hole 6: Kanuma soil, etc. 4: Wire mesh 5: Bottle 6: Slope to be sprayed Patent applicant Sanyo Kokusaku Greening Co., Ltd. Figure 1 Figure 2

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Porous Kanuma soil, floating stone, vermiculite, and perlite, which are highly water-absorbing and have a particle size of 6 to 5 mm and are treated with a surfactant. 10
0 parts by weight, 80 to 150 parts by weight of organic fiber, 20 to 100 parts by weight of bentonite, china clay or clay, 15 to 60 parts by weight of erosion inhibitor, 01 to 0.05 parts by weight of adhesive skin, 600 to 700 parts by weight of fresh water. A high-concentration, high-viscosity slurry-like vegetation base material that can be sprayed is obtained by adding and stirring the amount of seeds and a small amount of chemical fertilizer that will be planted at the desired density and on the slope to be sprayed using a powerful pump. Thick layered appendix chemical construction method characterized by spraying. 2 Holes with hole diameter 5~10cWL and depth 7~15cm
6. The thick-layered appendix chemical construction method according to claim 1, wherein the holes are drilled on the slope to be sprayed at a density of 5 holes/m'', and then the vegetation base material is sprayed.6. 3. The method for forming a thick layered structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the net is fixed with tension bins, and then the vegetation base material is sprayed onto the net.