JPS5882296A - Dot matrix display system - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Summary] This bulletin contains application data before electronic filing, so abstract data is not recorded.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for displaying characters such as letters and figures to be displayed and figures using a dot matrix.

In the prior art, it is only possible to specify the display start position with a cursor for each of the multiple subscripts required to display each character, etc., and display is performed by moving the cursor a small desired distance. Therefore, the number of display states is limited, and this becomes a big problem especially when trying to display figures.

An object of the present invention is to provide a display method that can obtain a variety of desired display states.

Figure $1 is a front view of an electronic calculator 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. This electronic calculator includes a liquid crystal display 2 and a key manual device 3. The keypad ↑d3 includes keys 4 for inputting characters, keys 5 for inputting numbers, keys 6 for controlling input operations, and the like. The display 2 is constituted by a dot matrix of 7 dots vertically by 156 dots horizontally, and displays characters, figures, etc. in a so-called one line in the horizontal direction.

′! FIG. J2 is a block circuit diagram of the electronic calculator 1 shown in FIG. In the display device 2, activation control of each dot is performed by a display drive circuit 7.

A data bus 9, an address bus 10, and a control bus 11 are connected to the processing device 8, and these 17) lotuses 9, 10 . IIJc is a random access memory 12,
It is connected to read-only memory 13, input/output buffer 14 and connectors 15 and 16.

Pass 9. l0J- is connected to the display drive circuit 7. The key strobe signal from the input/output cover sofa 14 is input to the key human power device 3, and the keys 4, provided on the key human power device 3,
5.6 is operated, a key return signal is input to the processing device 8. The random access memory 12 includes a storage area used as registers and flags, and also stores programs and the like. The read-only memory 13 stores in advance an interpreter for executing programs and other control programs. Connector 15 is used to connect modularized external random access memory and read-only memory. The connector 16 is used to connect an external input/output device such as a data recorder or printer, or to connect a memory for expanding storage capacity.

A clock circuit 17 is connected to the input/output buffer 14, and a signal is derived to a drive circuit 18 to output a sounding device 1 such as a buzzer.
Request to drive 9 by ringing. The processing device 8 derives a display 0N10FF signal via a line 20 to the display drive circuit 7, and also derives a synchronization signal via a line 21. The display drive circuit 7 includes a display memory 22, which has a storage area corresponding to each dot on the display 2, and derives segment signals to the display 2 via a line 23.

The processing unit 8 derives the synchronization plate signal via the I/i line 24.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the processing device 8. As shown in FIG. The program uses a 30-bit, 16-bit register to specify the next address of the currently executing instruction, and when the specified instruction is executed, the stored contents are stored in order to specify the next address. It is automatically incremented by +1.

The stack pointer 31 is a 16-pit register.
Indicates the address of the stack that can be used next in the pushdown or popup stack of the random access memory 12.

Data registers 32, 33, 34 are 16-pit registers and can also be used as data pointers. Status register This is a 35-digit, 5-pit register, and the digits depending on the calculation result - beard, borrow, zero,
Stores various calculation states such as overflow. The accumulator 36 is composed of 8 bits and is used for holding calculation results and for data transfer with external memory.

Address buffer 37 is connected to address bus 10. Each line of the address bus lO has the reference mark AD-O~
It is designated as AD15.

Arithmetic and logic operation circuit 38 is connected to bus 40 via an operation buffer 39 and directly. An external oscillation element 41 is connected to an oscillation circuit 42. This oscillation circuit 42
The oscillation output from the frequency divider circuit 43 is divided into 1/2 and derived as a clock signal ΩO8, which is also applied to a clock control circuit 44 and an 11-bit frequency divider circuit 45. The clock control circuit 44 receives the wait signal WAI.
Generating and stopping the internal clock is controlled in response to T. The frequency dividing circuit 45 outputs a synchronous signal 9HA and also provides a signal to the timer control circuit 46. Timer control circuit 46
performs count control of the 9-bit timer 47 and timer included control. The timer 47Fi is constituted by polynomial kakunta and performs the time power kunt of the timer interrelated. Interwoven control circuit 4
8 performs interrupt control in response to signals NMI and MI for interrupt requests and a signal from the timer IIJ control circuit 46. Kakunta 49 is used to generate bank plate signals for display 2. The signal HIN applied to the kakunta 49 is normally the aforementioned synchronization signal HA. The display control circuit 50 receives the pack plate signal HO
~H7 is output. This display control circuit 50 receives voltages VDIS, VA, VB, and V from a power supply circuit (not shown).
M power is given. Reference symbols PUF and PVF are general-purpose flip-flops, and the flip-flop DI SPF performs ON10FF control of the display. Key human power device 3
When the spider signals INO to IN7 are input, they are input into the internal accumulator as 8-bit data. Data bus control circuit 51#'i 8-bit signal DO~D7
is received and a control signal is derived on path 40. Furthermore, an instruction decoder and processing control circuit 52 is provided. Reference R/W l-,i: , read and write signals to memory, MEO and M
E I Ii' represents a memory enable signal.

FIG. 4 shows the display state of the display 2. In the display device 2, dot rows consisting of seven dots extending vertically are lined up along the other array direction, that is, horizontally, which intersects the vertical direction, such as rf, -If! There are 156 dot rows, as shown by reference numbers O to 155 in FIG. 4(1).

Assume that the character rAJ is displayed by specifying the 59th vertical bit as the display start position according to the present invention. A program shown in FIG. 5 is used for such display. In FIG. 5 (1), GCUR5OR59 is the fifth
This is a statement that specifies the 9th dot as the display start position. According to the display commands appearing after this statement, the characters rAJ are displayed from the 59th dot to the right of FIG. 4-fil. By executing subsequent display commands, other characters and figures are displayed on the right side of the displayed character rAJ. A pattern of 7 vertical dots x 6 horizontal dots is used to display characters, and one row of 7 vertical dots at the right end is blank. This row of blank dots automatically leaves one bit between each character, making the characters easier to read.

Although the display start position was specified by the numerical value "59" in Figure 4IIJ5 (1), which is a numeric value of 10, it may also be specified by a calculation formula as shown in Figure 5 (2) as an intermediate embodiment of the present invention. Alternatively, it may be specified using hexadecimal numbers, or furthermore, it may be specified using numerical variables. When specifying the display start position in hexadecimal, a statement as shown in FIG. 5(3) is used. Here, "&" indicates hexadecimal notation, and 'r 3 B J indicates the position of the dot row in hexadecimal notation, which corresponds to the 59th dot in decimal notation.

FIG. 6 shows the procedure for executing the statement shown in FIG. 5(1). In step n1, statement GCUR8OR is read, and pointer P indicating the display start position is cleared to zero in step n2. If the display start position is specified in step n3 using a calculation formula as shown in FIG. 5(2), step n
4, the formula is calculated, and the result of the filtering is stored in the register Reg in step n5. If the stored contents of this register Reg are in the range of 0 to 155,
The stored contents of the register Reg are transferred to the pointer P at step n7 and the display start position is thereby set at step n8. If the display start position is specified using a numerical variable, step n
The process moves to 1OK, the contents of the variable are stored in the register RegK, and the process moves to step n6.

If the instruction for the display start position is specified to be given only by a calculation formula or a numerical variable, and if the instruction is given by, for example, a character or a character variable, the process moves from step n9 to step nll, and an error message is generated. Processing (1)
will be carried out.

The pointer P specifies the lower eight pits of the address of the display memory 22 provided in the display drive circuit 7, and the address of the display memory 22 is specified. Seven bits out of the eight pits that are the contents of the display memory 22 at the designated address correspond to a dot row of seven vertical dots on the display 2.

When displaying a figure such as an upward arrow "↑" as shown on the right side of FIG. 4, the program shown in FIG. 7 is executed. The operand character string provides a dot pattern, and is expressed in hexadecimal numbers corresponding to each dot in a seven-dot row. The upper end of the 7 vertical dots corresponds to the least significant bit, and the lower end corresponds to the 7th bit. The leftmost 7 vertical dots correspond to hexadecimal "04", the next 7 vertical dots correspond to "02", and the next Each corresponds to the vertical 7 dots "7F". Although the program shown in FIG. 7 uses character strings to display graphics, it is also possible to provide this character string in the form of a character variable as another embodiment of the present invention.

Referring to FIG. 8, a procedure for displaying such a figure is shown. Moving from step m1 to step m2, it is determined whether the operand is represented by a character variable or not.
Cut off. If the operand represents a character variable, its contents are read from random access memory 12 and stored in register Reg in step m3. If the operand is given as a character string, the process moves from step m2 to m6, and in step m7, the character string is stored in register Reg. At step m4, the contents of the register Reg are decoded and written into the display memory 22, thereby displaying the figure corresponding to the character string or character variable given at step m5. If the operand is not given as a character string or character variable, error handling is performed in step m8.

The graphic display procedure is shown in more detail in FIG. Moving from step r1 to step r2, the register Reg
The pointer C of is cleared to zero. So register Re
The stored contents of the character string g are decoded from the beginning and stored in the display memory 22.

The reference mark Reg(C) is the character at the position indicated by the pointer C, and the reference mark D I (P) represents the address of the display memory 22 indicated by the pointer P. The stored contents of the register Reg are decoded for each - character, and the 4-bit code signal is stored in the display memory 22.
The data is written in the order of the upper 4 bits and the lower 4 bits.

Dl indicates the address of the upper 4 bits, and D2 indicates the address of the lower 4 pins. However, only three of the upper four bits are displayed.

In this way, in steps r4 to r8, display is performed sequentially for each focus row. In step r9, it is detected whether the pointer P exceeds 155, and 1
If it exceeds 55, the display process ends in step r10. If it is 155 or less, the process moves to step r3, where it is determined whether or not it is the end of the sentence.
If it is the end of the sentence, this display process ends. In this way, a graphic figure can be displayed.

It is possible to arbitrarily select the display start position and perform overlapping display. For example, when attempting to obtain the display in Figure 4 (3) by superimposing the "x" figure shown in Figure 4 (2) on the upward arrow "↑" shown on the left side of Figure 4 +11, , it is sufficient to additionally write a new pattern without erasing the stored contents written in the display memory 22. Although this embodiment shows the overlapping of figures, it is also possible to display overlapping characters and figures.

By such superimposed display, one
Although it is a line display, it is possible to display a lot of information at the same time.

A so-called running display can be performed while moving the display contents using a command that specifies the display start position for each dot row. To do this, the content to be displayed is stored in a predetermined storage area of the random access memory 12, and this is stored in a "PRINTJ" or "GPRINTJ" storage area.
When displaying by executing an operand such as ", the display contents may be displayed by adding or subtracting the display start position one unit at a time or for each dot row at predetermined fixed time intervals.

According to another idea of the present invention, the display start position can be indicated by a function. The program in this case is
It is shown in FIG. 10 ftl. In FIG. 10 (l), the display contents of the first dot, that is, the column of seven vertical dots indicated by reference numeral 1 in FIG. 4 (1), are substituted as numerical values into the variable X, where 2 is substituted. In the case of FIG. 10 (2), X=127 is substituted.

From the obtained numerical value, it is possible to know how the display state of the 7 vertical dot rows is. 1st
In figure b, the operands are shown as numerical values, but they can also be given as expressions or numerical variables.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a procedure for determining the display state of a dot at an arbitrary position. Moving from step s1 to step s2, it is determined whether the operand is given by a calculation formula. If an operand is given in the calculation formula, the process moves to step 83 and is calculated, and the result of the calculation is stored in the register Reg in step s4. If the operand is given as a numerical variable, step slo to step S1
1, the contents of the variable are stored in the register Reg, and the process moves to step S5. Step s4. The contents stored in the register Reg in s11 move to step S5, where it is determined whether the stored contents are in the range of 0 to 155. If so, the process moves to step s6, where the contents of the register Reg are transferred to the pointer P. The address of the display memory 22 is specified by inputting the address to the display memory 22. In step S7,
The data of the upper 3 bits and lower 7 bits of the contents of the specified display memory 22 are input to the register Reg,
In step S8, the data is converted into decimal data and substituted as a variable, and the process moves to step S9. In this way, in step S9, the display state of the dot at the desired position can be known. In step 85 the register Reg
If the stored content at the location is not in the range 0 to 155, or the operand is not given as a calculation formula or numerical variable, the process moves to step sZ2 and error processing is performed. FIG. When displaying the date and time as shown in Figure 12 + 11, seconds are displayed opaquely with a transparent background between 0 and 30 seconds, and transparent between 31 and 59 seconds. The display is performed with an opaque background. To do this, we will specify the display position of the second digits to be specially displayed in units of dot strings, take the NOT function of the obtained numeric value, and write it to the display memory 22 again using the operand GPRINT. to invert the display. Further, as another embodiment of the present invention, the seconds value can be made to blink at short time intervals.

Further, according to another embodiment of the present invention, by being able to specify bit strings individually, it is possible to perform a display using a bar graph as shown in FIG. 12 (2).
Ru.

As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to select the display start position for each dot row, so that a variety of displays can be performed.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Fig. 1 is a front view of an electronic calculator according to an embodiment of the present invention, Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the electronic calculator shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 is a process shown in Fig. 2. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the device 8, FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the dot matrix of the display 2, FIG. A flowchart showing the procedure of a program for specifying the indicated display start position, FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a program for displaying a figure, and FIG. 8 is a flowchart explaining the operation for displaying the figure. , FIG. 9 is a flowchart for explaining the decoding operation in step m4 in FIG. 8, FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a program for calculating the display state of a dot string as a function, and FIG. 12 is a front view of the display 2 showing the state displayed by the display 2. FIG. DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1... Electronic calculator, 2... Display device, 3... Key manual device, 7... Display drive circuit, 8... Processing device,
9...Denil pass, 10...Address bus, 11
... Control bus, 12... Random access memory, 13... Read only memory, 14... Input/output buffer, 22... Display memory Agent Patent attorney Kei Nishi Part 4 (Figure 4) 1) 10 GCLIR5OR5920PRINT
'“Aoo; (2) 10 GCUR5OR(X+Y)20
PRINT "A" (3) 10 GCUR5OR&3B 5th - Figure 6 100PRINT "'04027F0204°゛7th
Figure 9 (1) 10 X=POINT 1 Figure 12

Claims (1)

[Claims] Each row of dots extending in one array direction and arranged side by side along another array direction that intersects with the first array direction is individually specified to determine the display start position of the characters and figures to be displayed. A dot matrix display method characterized by: