JPS58523B2 - The most important thing is the most important thing. - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a superstructure construction device that continuously constructs a concrete section of a superstructure such as a bridge that spans a plurality of columns.

In addition, the concrete section hereinafter refers to each constituent unit part of the superstructure constructed on each column, that is, each pier, and
Section elements refer to each constituent unit part of a concrete section that is formed in one forming process of the formwork.

Reference is made to Austrian Patent No. 273,212, which describes a method of constructing a bridge in which each section element of a superstructure is formed using a carrier frame or scaffolding supported on already completed section elements or piers and other adjacent piers. It is shown.

In this case, each section element is formed continuously and simultaneously from the central pier to the adjacent piers on both sides.

However, this method has several drawbacks.

For example, after constructing a concrete section connecting three piers and before moving the carrier frame forward, a central section is formed using formwork that cannot be transported by the carrier frame on the adjacent piers that will support the next concrete section to be constructed. There must be.

This is because this central portion is necessary as a support means for the carrier frame.

Additionally, the section elements must be formed simultaneously on both sides of the central pier, requiring two sets of concrete pouring equipment and twice as many people, doubling the cost.

The entire construction process is also complex and expensive, and curved bridges are difficult to construct.

Austrian Patent No. 279,666 shows a carrier frame for constructing traction elements of bridge superstructures which are rigidly supported on bridge piers.

The carrier frame is movable in the direction of the bridge extension and is operatively supported on the piers or section elements on the piers, while the frame is provided with cantilevered members extending freely from the piers in the direction of the bridge extension. ing.

The cantilevered members are supported on blocks located on prefabricated section elements that cantilever from the piers.

The center of the carrier frame is supported by rollers or sliding blocks that allow the frame to move in the longitudinal direction of the bridge, and which can be adjusted vertically to balance elastic deformations of the carrier frame.

In this method, concrete sections of the bridge superstructure supported on roller or pivot bearings cannot be constructed.

Constructing curved concrete sections is also extremely difficult.

Concrete formwork requires a unique lifting mechanism that can raise and lower the formwork even when it is filled with concrete.

Furthermore, the advancement of the carrier frame is extremely complex;
Also, the section elements on both sides of the pier must be formed at the same time.

Austrian Patent No. 281,906 shows a scaffolding structure that can be moved longitudinally on roller blocks.

The roller block is suspended from the main girder of the scaffolding structure and is movable in the longitudinal direction.

The roller block can also move the main girder laterally.

However, this scaffolding structure can only be used to construct the concrete sections of the superstructure at once, and it is not possible to construct each section element of this kind of concrete section one after another.

The main object of the present invention is to provide a superstructure construction apparatus that is extremely useful for manufacturing concrete sections for fixed bearing type, roller bearing type, rocker bearing type, etc. superstructures in which the frame is spanned by a plurality of columns. It is.

Another object of the invention is to provide a superstructure construction device that is simple in construction, can be operated by a relatively small number of people, and does not require expensive concrete pouring equipment.

Another object of the invention is to provide a superstructure construction device capable of constructing section elements of concrete sections on both sides of a column either alternately or simultaneously.

The superstructure construction device according to the invention comprises a main girder (main girder) which extends longitudinally and can be located above the piers and the concrete sections to be constructed on the piers.
irder).

The main girder is provided with concrete forms movable along the main girder for forming the section elements of each concrete section.

The main girder is also provided with main girder support means for supporting the main girder on the already constructed section elements and for longitudinally displacing the main girder.

This support means consists of a sub-support that can be located in the center of the main girder, two main supports that can be located behind the sub-support, and a third main support that can be located in front of the sub-support. , these main supports are connected to the main girder in a thrust and stress absorbing manner and are movable along the main girder.

The device is also equipped with means for vertically raising and lowering the main girder together with the concrete formwork.

Examples will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, the superstructure of the bridge consists of piers 11 and 12.
, 13, 14, and the first
The figure shows the completed stage of the first concrete section 15 of the superstructure supported on piers 11 and the central section element 16 of the adjacent concrete section supported on piers 12.

The illustrated superstructure construction device comprises a main girder 1 extending in the longitudinal direction of the bridge above the concrete section to be constructed.

The main girder 1 carries a front concrete form 9 and a rear concrete form 10 for forming the section elements of the concrete section.

Three main girder supports B, 3.4, each constituted by a roller block, are provided on the main girder in such a way as to absorb thrust and stress, and are preferably arranged so that they can be moored to the superstructure. ing.

Supports 2, 3.4 are rotatable around a vertical axis,
It is also movable in the lateral and longitudinal directions of the main girder 1.

Main girder 1 and formwork 9 supported by main girder supports,
In order to raise and lower the girder supports 10, the girder supports are equipped with means such as hydraulic cylinders for raising and lowering them.

The girder support is sufficiently retractable to allow free movement in the longitudinal direction of the main girder while suspended from the main girder.

The pier 12 supporting the central section element 16 of the concrete section to be constructed is located in the center of the main supports 2 and 3, support 2 being arranged at the front and support 3 at the rear as seen from the construction direction.

Furthermore, the main girder 1 is provided with secondary supports 6.7 with the piers 12 in between, and the central section element 1
6 is provided with cross beams 8, 8 for cooperating with the set supports.

At the construction stage shown in Figure 1, main supports 2, 3
．． 4 is descending, and the rearmost support 4 is the main girder 1
The rear end is placed on top of the completed concrete section 15.
Forward and aft supports 23 also respectively support the main girder over the completed center section element 16.

The rear and front forms 10, 9 are then located adjacent to each end of the central section element 16 such that adjacent section elements 17, 18 are formed within the forms.

At this time, the total load of the girder and formwork is transferred to the main supports 2, 3.
It is supported by 4.

In this state, concrete is poured into the rear formwork 10 to form the section element 17.

The formwork 10 can be moved to the desired position by raising and lowering the supports during or after concrete pouring.

For this reason, the height of the already constructed adjacent section elements,
No lifting mechanism for the formwork is required for fitting the section elements to be newly constructed.

After section element 17 is constructed, section element 18 is constructed using the same procedure.

FIG. 2 shows the stages after construction of section elements 17.18.

The main girder supports B, 3.4 are retracted to lower the main girder 1 and support it by means of secondary supports 6.7 on the central section element 16.

If desired, these supports can be fitted with cross beams 8
It may also be a hydraulic jack with a piston rod mounted thereon.

At this stage, the forms 9, 10 are no longer under any load and the entire load of the girder is supported by the supports 4, 6.7 as indicated by the vertical arrows in FIG.

The formworks 9, 10, now in an unloaded state, are moved along the girder to a position adjacent to the completed section element 17.18, and ready to form (concrete pour) the adjacent section element 19.20. become.

The retracted main supports 2, 3 are then likewise moved outwards (horizontal arrows in FIG. 2) into alignment with the section elements 17, 18.

The moved main supports 2, 3 extend again and come into contact with the section elements 17, 18, and the main girder 1 is lifted to the desired position (first Figure 3).

A similar process is repeated in constructing the last section element 21.22 of the concrete section on the pier 12 (FIG. 4).

That is, when the main girder 1 is raised, concrete is poured, and when the main girder is lowered and the formwork is in an unloaded state, the girder 1 is supported on the supports 4, 6, and 7, and
The front and rear supports 2, 3 rest permanently on the just-constructed section element.

The main girder 1 is always supported on three thrust-resistant and applied supports 2, 3.4 during concrete pouring, and the rearmost main support 4 rests on the already constructed concrete section 15, while the rear and front Since the supports 3, 2 are placed on the completed section elements of the section currently being constructed, the invention allows the sections to be constructed alternately on either side of the piers supporting the concrete section to be constructed. Meanwhile, the pier will always be located in the center of the section elements on both sides, which are constructed alternately.

In the illustrated embodiment, in each step the rear section element is first constructed, followed by the front section element.

This method of constructing section elements alternately for each process on both sides of the pier is as follows:
Compared to the method of symmetrically constructing pairs, this method is advantageous in that it requires fewer concrete pourers and half the number of concrete pouring personnel.

Figures 5-21 show the movement of the main girder from a position on the pier 12 to a position on the adjacent pier 13 where the next concrete section is to be constructed.

After the concrete section on the pier 12 is completed, the main supports 2.3, 4 and the rear secondary support 7 are retracted, while the front support 6 is lowered and the cross beam 8
The main girder 1 is supported on the loss beam.

As shown in FIG. 5, the forward main support 2 and the rearmost main support 4 are then further retracted and are movably suspended on the girder 1, so that the entire load of the girder is transferred to the forward secondary support 4. and is supported by the rear main support 3.

As shown in Figure 6, the suspended main support 2°4 is
Advancing along the girder, the end section elements 21, 22
line up and lower until it is carrying the full load of the girder.

For this reason, the rear main support 3 and the front sub-support 6
lifts off the concrete section, allowing these supports and the rear secondary support 7 to move forward.

As shown in Figure 7, the main support 3 moves forward and then lowers, while the rearmost main support 4 is retracted and applies the load of the main girder to the front and rear main supports 2 and 3. 4 itself can now move to the side next to support 3.

At this stage, the main girder 1 is supported by the main supports 2 and 3, so that the girder can be moved forward by the rollers of the main supports 2 and 3 by the length of one section element of the concrete section to be constructed next. Can be done (Figure 8)
.

The rearmost main support 4 is then lowered again, and the rear main support 3 is retracted to transfer the load of the girder to the support 4.

The operation of moving the girder 1 forward without alternately transferring the load to the supports 3 and 4 can be repeated as many times as desired.

The main support 3 at the rear, which has been retracted and is in a suspended state, passes through the sub-supports 6 and 7 and moves to a position next to the main support 2 at the front. Lower until supported.

In this state, the front main support 2 can be raised so that the load of the girder is supported by the sub support 6 and the rearmost main support 4.

The suspended main support 2 is then moved forward and the main support 3 is moved into a position where it is aligned with the outer edge of the section element 22 of the completed concrete section.

As shown in FIG. 10, the girder 1 includes main supports 3 and 4.
In this state, the girder can move forward without being supported by the rollers of the support until the front end of the girder is aligned with the adjacent pier 13.

A support structure 5 consisting of two load-bearing pipes capable of withstanding thrust and stress is provided below the front main support 2.

As shown in FIG. 11, the main support 2 to which this support structure 5 is attached is such that when the support 2 is lowered, the structure 5 is attached to the pier.
3, move forward to a position aligned with the pier.

For this purpose, the upper end of the pier is provided with a recess that fits into the pipe of the structure (described below with reference to Figures 28 and 29).As shown in Figure 12, the girder advances. During the retracted state of the middle and rearmost supports 4, the pier 13 together with the rear main support 3 can support the full load of the girder.

The girder 1 is finally positioned on the pier 13 as shown in FIG.
6 along the girder to a position symmetrical to the piers.

The center section element 16 can be formed from two elements constructed simultaneously or sequentially.

The central section element 16 can be integrally formed with the pier 13 (i.e. rigidly fixed to the pier so as to withstand bending stresses) or can be lowered onto roller or rocker bearings on the pier. .

In this case, said support structure 5 incorporated into the central section element acts as a mounting support.

After the central section element 16 has been formed, the suspended aft main support 3 is moved forward along the girder 1 to a position where it is aligned with the rear end of the central section element 16 (13th
(Fig. and Fig. 14).

At the same time, the cross beams 8, 8 are positioned on the central section element 16 symmetrically with respect to the piers 13 in order to cooperate with the symmetrically arranged secondary supports 6.7.

The forward main support 2 is then retracted, as shown in FIG. 15, so that the girder 1 is not only supported on the main support 4 on the end section elements 22 of the already constructed concrete section. , is also supported by the lowered rear main support 3 and the front sub-support 6.

The support structure 5 is separated from the main support 2 (FIG. 16)
, the main support 2 in the retracted state advances next to the sub-support 6.

The girder 1 is raised by the lowered main supports 2, 3, 4 (FIG. 17), and the secondary supports 6 are separated from the cross beam 8.

The girder 1 is arranged such that the main support 2, 3,
It moves backward while being supported by rollers 4 and reaches the position shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 19, the secondary support 6 is lowered again and the main support 2.3 is retracted so that the girder 1 is supported on the secondary support 6.

The main support 2 is then further retracted and moved under suspension to align with the front end of the center section element 16.

The main girder supports 2.3 descend again to support the girder 1 (FIG. 20), and the girder moves forward while being supported by these main supports to the position shown in FIG. 21.

In this position, the pier is centered on the supports and the secondary supports are aligned with the cross beams 8, 8, as in the initial position shown in FIG.

The superstructure construction apparatus is then ready to alternately construct the section elements of the concrete section on the pier 13 in the same manner as described above with reference to FIGS. 1-7.

As shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the superstructure construction device according to the present invention has a concrete formwork 9 while the main girder is moving forward.
, 10 can be easily constructed without removing the curved superstructure.

FIG. 22 shows the position of the main girder corresponding to FIG. 4, where the longitudinal axis A-A of the girder is the section element 21.
It passes through the center of 22.

Since the longitudinal axis A-A of the girder preferably passes through the center point of all section elements during pouring of concrete, the girder 1 is attached to the rollers of the main support so that it can be aligned at each step if the concrete section is curved. supported and moved laterally.

The transverse axis of the main support is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the bridge, so that the main support can be rotated about the vertical axis to take any desired position on the curve.

FIG. 23 shows the main girder in a position similar to FIG. 11, with the girder in a laterally displaced position and the main support rotated about its axis into the desired position.

If the concrete formwork 9.10 is installed on the main girder so that it can be moved laterally, and can be adjusted laterally as appropriate when no concrete is being poured, the movement of the girder along a curved line can be easily carried out. can.

The formwork can be rotated about its axis in the concrete pouring position.

A detailed embodiment of the main support is shown in FIGS. 24-21.

The illustrated main support 2 consists of a roller block with a lower support 28 supported on the load-bearing web of the bridge superstructure 31.

In order to match the height of the support 28 when the load-bearing web is inclined, a support 29 can be used which supports the support 28 on the web.

The support 28 may be provided with anchoring means 30 for anchoring the main support 2 to the superstructure to prevent tensile stresses or slippage.

The lower support 28 of the main support 2 has two hydraulic cylinders 2
6, which is movable in a guide track extending across the longitudinal direction of the superstructure.

It should be noted that means can be provided for fixing the holder in a desired lateral position.

The holder absorbs upward (vertical thrust) and downward (tensile stress) forces.

A piston rod extends upward from the piston of each cylinder 26 and rotatably supports the roller carrier 24 about an axis 52 .

The roller carrier 24 supports the load of the main girder 1 supported on its rollers.

Further, its end portion is connected to the guide yoke 25 to form a parallel link mechanism (FIGS. 26 and 27).

The roller carriers 24 are thus always kept parallel to each other and parallel to the longitudinal axis of the main girder.

The inclination of the roller carrier 24 is adjustable, which is required if the axis of the main girder 1 is not parallel to the bridge superstructure.

A guide track 32 is provided on the main girder and extends along its axis, and a suspension plate 35 is rotatably attached to the guide yoke 25 and engages the guide track 32.

The suspension plate suspends the main support 2 from the girder and moves the main support along the girder in its longitudinal direction.

Furthermore, the cable 33 is connected to the girder 1 and cooperates with a cable delivery device 34.

The roller carrier 24 has transverse guides 37.

The guide 37 carries a longitudinal force so that the roller group 36 can be moved laterally by a distance e under full load (FIG. 27).

In this way, the girder 1 is movable vertically, horizontally, up and down and rotatable about a vertical axis by the supports 2 while under full load, ie while concrete is being poured into the concrete form.

Furthermore, the support can also be suspended from the load and moved along the girder.

28 and 29 show the state in which the support structure 5 is mounted on the pier 13 and the state in which the structure 5 and the support 2 are connected, which was briefly explained with reference to FIGS. 11 to 15.

If desired, the support structure 5 may be anchored to the piers to resist stress.

As shown in the figure, the support structure 5 is made up of two pipes with bridges fixed at one end to the lower support part 28 of the support 2, and the connection between the pipes and the lower support part 28 is caused by thrust and stress. It is made to be able to withstand.

The other end of the pipe of the support structure 5 is accommodated in the recess 38 of the pier 13.

The support structure 5 is held in the position shown until the central section element 16 of the concrete section is completed, maintaining the connection between the girder 1 and the pier 13.

Figures 30 and 31 show an embodiment of the sub-support 6.7.

These supports are attached to main girder 1 as shown.
It consists of a carrier yoke provided on the yoke and two retractable members 39 provided on the legs of the yoke.

Member 39 may consist of a hydraulic jack.

The cross-beam 8 rests on a block 40 on the web of the superstructure, and the member 39 is aligned perpendicularly to the cross-beam so that it is supported on the cross-beam during its lowering.

If desired, the block 40 can be moored to the web by a member 41 and the member 39 of the support 6.7 can be moored to the block 40.

The carrier yoke of the secondary support is sized such that it can pass freely through the secondary support along the main support (outer edge indicated by dashed line 2 in Figure 30) or the girder.

That is, the sub-support is configured to straddle the main support.

Figures 32 and 33 show examples of concrete formwork used in the present invention.

The formwork shown is mounted on an undercarriage 42 which can run on top of the girder 1 and is movable along the main girder in its longitudinal direction.

The suspension frame 43 is mounted on the undercarriage 42 so as to be pivotable about a vertical axis and also movable by the undercarriage in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the girder.

This rotatable and laterally movable suspension frame 43
carries a concrete pouring form 44 for forming the superstructure section element 31.

The formwork is removably attached to the frame 43, and the third
As shown by the dashed line in Figure 2, the entire mechanism during advancement of the building device can be pivoted sufficiently downward to pass the pier.

Suspension rod 45 extending from the upper beam of frame 43
is designed to directly bear the load of concrete.

When the girder 1 is advanced, the part of the hanging rod that reaches the superstructure part is released.

As shown in Figure 32, the main girder 1 carries guide tracks 46 on which concrete packets, concrete reinforcement, etc. are transported.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

1 to 4 are schematic side views showing the process of forming one concrete section of a superstructure by the superstructure construction device of the present invention, and FIGS. 5 to 21 show the superstructure construction device at the next construction position. A schematic side view showing the process of proceeding to
FIGS. 22 and 23 are plan views showing the superstructure construction device used to construct a curved superstructure, and FIGS. 24, 25, and 25 respectively show the superstructure construction device of the present invention. A front view and a side view showing one embodiment of the main support used, FIGS. 26 and 27 are plan views showing a parallel link guide mechanism for the main support, and FIGS. 28 and 29 are support structures. Front and side views showing the front main support supporting the body, Figures 30 and 3
Figure 1 is a front view and a side view showing an example of the sub-support;
FIG. 32 and FIG. 33 are a front view and a side view showing one embodiment of a concrete formwork. 1... Main girder, 2, 3. 4... Main girder support, 6, 7... Sub-support, 9, 1
0... Concrete formwork, 11, 12, 13,
14... Pier, 15... Concrete section, 16... Central section element, 1
7-22...Section element, 26...
・Hydraulic cylinder.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claims] 1. A superstructure construction device for forming a concrete section of a superstructure in which a frame is passed over a plurality of pillars spaced apart from each other, comprising: (a) each of the pillars and a concrete section supported by the pillars; (b) forming section elements of each concrete section carried by and movable longitudinally along the main girder; (c) supporting means for the main girder capable of supporting said main girder on already constructed section elements and displacing said main girder in the longitudinal direction, said support means for said main girder substantially supporting the main girder; It has a secondary support that can be located in the center, two main rear supports that can be located behind the secondary support, and a main front support that can be located in front of the secondary support, and these supports (d) lifting means for raising and lowering the main support to move the main girder along with the concrete formwork in the vertical direction; superstructure construction equipment.