JPS5834101B2 - Feed manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a method for producing feed suitable for the growth of livestock.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, bran raw materials, especially rice bran raw materials, have been produced in large quantities as a by-product when rice is polished, and have been widely used as feed raw materials, basidiomycete culture medium raw materials, pickles, etc.

The above-mentioned rice bran raw material contains a large amount of fat and oil, and when the rice bran is stored, free fatty acids are generated from the fat and oil through the enzymatic action of fat-degrading enzymes such as lipase in the rice bran raw material. The free fatty acid is oxidized by oxygen in the air to produce oxides of the fatty acid (eg, ketones, aldehydes, etc.).

Therefore, when rice bran raw materials containing free fatty acids, oxides of fatty acids, etc. as mentioned above are added to raw or mixed feed raw materials and fed, livestock naturally exhibit diarrheal symptoms. As a result, the growth of livestock is significantly reduced,
Furthermore, due to the presence of oxides of the fatty acids, palatability is significantly lowered, resulting in a disadvantage that the value as feed is significantly lowered.

Therefore, in order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present inventors have made extensive studies and found that if the bran raw material is brought into direct contact with superheated steam at a temperature of 120 to 300°C and subjected to heating and pressure swelling treatment, the free release in the bran raw material can be reduced. Most of the fatty acids and oxides of the fatty acids are removed by scattering, and feeding livestock with feed made from the bran after the heat treatment allows the livestock to grow extremely efficiently in a short period of time. The present invention was completed based on this knowledge.

In other words, the present invention is directed to directly contacting superheated steam at a temperature of 120 to 300°C to bran raw material to heat and pressurize it, or to add various fillers, nutrients, preservatives, and various trace ingredients to this. This is a feed manufacturing method characterized by adding one or more feed ingredients selected from the following.

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

First, rice bran and the like are particularly preferred as the bran raw material used in the present invention.

The above-mentioned bran raw material may be used as is, but if necessary, it may be pulverized using an ordinary pulverizer or the like and appropriate water may be added thereto.

Next, the heating, pressurizing and swelling treatment in the present invention will be specifically described.

The bran raw material is put into a heating and pressure treatment equipment, and the pressure is Okg/c.
Pressure exceeding a (gauge pressure) or higher, preferably 3 to 8
In the presence of superheated steam at 9/cat (gauge pressure),
Temperature: 120-300°C, preferably 120-220°C
After heating and pressurizing by directly contacting the material for 5 seconds or more, preferably 10 to 180 seconds, the pressure inside the heating and pressurizing treatment device is suddenly released to a lower pressure, for example, atmospheric pressure, to obtain a expanded core material. .

As described above, by subjecting the sugar raw material to heating, pressure and swelling treatment in the presence of heated steam, free fatty acids and oxides of the fatty acids, etc. in the sugar raw material are scattered and removed at the same time as drying.

In this scattering removal process, first, a portion of the superheated steam condenses on the surface of the sugar raw material due to contact between the superheated steam and the sugar raw material, and at this time, the sugar raw material that has been given latent heat of condensation becomes high temperature, and the sugar raw material is exposed to the surroundings. It is thought that the adhering condensed water is evaporated again by the water vapor, and the free fatty acids and oxides of the fatty acids are scattered and removed along with the water in a manner similar to steam distillation.

In addition, in the present invention, even when using a sugar raw material containing a relatively large amount of components that adversely affect the growth of livestock, that is, free fatty acids or oxides of the fatty acids, the free fatty acids or the oxides of the fatty acids Feed suitable for the growth of livestock can be obtained to the same extent as when using raw materials with extremely low sugar content.

In addition, the sugar raw material is heated, pressure-expanded, and then water is replenished so that the water content in the sugar raw material is about 10 to 20% (W/W). When brought into contact, free fatty acids and oxides of the fatty acids in the sugar raw material can be more efficiently scattered and removed.

In addition, when the above-mentioned sugar raw material is brought into direct contact with superheated steam at a temperature of less than 120°C, free fatty acids and oxides of the fatty acids in the sugar raw material are difficult to remove. If the temperature is high, for example exceeding 300°C, the sugar raw material will be carbonized, which is not preferable.

Furthermore, in the present invention, it is extremely important to bring superheated steam into direct contact with the sugar raw material. For example, when a plastic bag or the like is filled with the sugar raw material and heated and pressurized, the sugar raw material This is not preferable because it is hardly possible to scatter and remove free fatty acids and oxides of the fatty acids.

The heating and pressurizing treatment apparatus used in the present invention can be of any shape or structure, and specific examples include, for example, the air flow continuous heating expansion device described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 46-34747. The apparatus and the like are particularly suitable.

Next, the sugar raw material after the heating and pressure swelling treatment is used as it is, or it is mixed with feed raw materials, such as grasses, hays, stems and leaves, fibrous feeds such as wood feeds, root vegetables, leafy vegetables, fruit vegetables, grasses, etc. fillers for succulent feeds such as rice, silage, etc.; protein feeds such as dog bean meal, oil cake, milk, fish meal, pupae, starch feeds such as grains and rice, oily seeds, soybeans, and oils. Fatty feed such as oil cake with a high content, mineral feed such as calcium, bone meal, lime, calcium phosphate, salt, salt mixture, etc., vitamin feed such as grass, green leaves, cod liver oil, yeast, multivitamins, hay green leaf powder, etc. nutritional supplements; preservatives such as sodium dehydroacetate, calcium propionate, and sodium propionate;
) (Also called iodocasein, it is an artificially produced thyroid hormone preparation.

) and other trace ingredients, etc., are added and blended in an appropriate amount to obtain a compounded feed.

Specific examples of livestock in the present invention include chicken, quail, cow, pig, yellowtail, red sea bream, carp, eel, rainbow trout, sweetfish, and the like.

According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a feed that can significantly promote the growth of livestock, in which free fatty acids, oxidized products of the fatty acids, and the like that adversely affect the growth of livestock are significantly removed from sugar raw materials.

The present invention will be explained in more detail below by giving examples.

Example rice bran [moisture content: 10.2% (W/W), 13kg
was put into a batch-type perforated plate-mounted heat treatment device, and 3 kg/kg was added at a temperature of 165°C from the bottom of the perforated plate attached to the device.
After introducing superheated steam at crrt (gauge pressure) and allowing the superheated steam to come into direct contact with the rice bran for 3 minutes, the discharge valve attached to the device was opened momentarily and the pressure inside the device was rapidly pumped to atmospheric pressure. to obtain puffed rice bran (the present invention).

Note that, as a control, the above-mentioned heat treatment was not performed at all.

The moisture content of each rice bran obtained by the above procedure (Experimental Agricultural Chemistry,
Volume 1, P. 114, February 5, 1970, 15th edition), Nicotinic acid [Ohara et al., "Food Analysis Handbook"
, pp. 317-318, Kenpakusha, published September 1, 1970 (first edition)], Nicotinic acid anhydride standard value and acid value (Jikken Agricultural Chemistry, Volume 2, P. 458, published April 15, 1970) , 11th edition) are shown in the table below.

The table below shows the acid value of the rice bran after the above treatment, which was further filled into a polyethylene bag and stored for 30 days indoors at a temperature of 25 to 30°C.

As is clear from the above table, the present invention significantly removes free fatty acids, oxides of fatty acids, water, etc. compared to the control.
In addition, the storage stability is extremely excellent, and the treatment of the present invention does not reduce nicotinic acid in rice bran at all.
It can be seen that it is stable.

Using the thus obtained defatted rice bran of the present invention, the control, and the conventional defatted rice bran, broiler feed for poultry farming and feed for laying hens having the compositions shown below were prepared, respectively.

Next, the compounded feed obtained in this way was heated to a temperature of 25 to 25°C.
After being stored indoors at 30°C for 90 days, it was subjected to a broiler breeding test and an egg-laying chicken breeding test.

In other words, in the broiler rearing test, the first broiler chicks were brought in, and 3 weeks after they arrived, broiler chicks were raised in groups of 20.
In addition, in the breeding test of laying hens, middle-chicken laying hens were reared and comparatively fed over a period of 5 weeks in units of 20 chickens. It is.

The results obtained are shown in the table below.

As is clear from the above table, the present invention was found to be significantly superior in terms of weight gain compared to the control and the compound feed using defatted rice bran.

As is clear from the above table, the present invention was found to be superior to the control and the compound feed using defatted rice bran in terms of weight gain.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Direct contact with superheated steam at a temperature of 120 to 300°C to the bran raw material to heat and pressurize it, as it is, or as it is, with various fillers, nutrients, preservatives, various trace ingredients, etc. selected. A method for producing feed, characterized by adding one or more feed ingredients.