JPS5832951B2 - Feed manufacturing method - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed description of the invention] The present invention relates to a method for producing feed suitable for the growth of livestock.

BACKGROUND ART Conventionally, bran raw materials, especially rice bran raw materials, have been produced in large quantities as a by-product when rice is polished, and have been widely used as feed raw materials, basidiomycete culture medium raw materials, pickles, etc.

The rice bran raw material described above contains a large amount of fat and oil, and when the rice bran is stored, free fatty acids are generated from the fat and oil through the enzymatic action of fat-degrading enzymes such as lipase in the rice bran raw material. The free fatty acid is oxidized by oxygen in the air to produce oxides of the fatty acid (eg, ketones, aldehydes, etc.).

Therefore, if a rice bran raw material containing free fatty acids, oxides of said fatty acids, etc. as mentioned above is added to the 1N or mixed feed raw material and used as feed, it is natural that livestock will exhibit diarrheal symptoms. , livestock growth is significantly reduced;
Furthermore, due to the presence of oxides of the fatty acids, palatability is significantly lowered, resulting in a disadvantage that the value as feed is significantly lowered.

In order to eliminate the above-mentioned drawbacks, the present inventors have made extensive studies and found that if the bran raw material is brought into direct contact with superheated steam at a temperature of 120 to 300°C and heated and steamed, the free fatty acids in the bran raw material can be reduced. Most of the fatty acid oxides, etc. are scattered and removed, and when livestock are fed feed made from the shredded bran after the heat treatment, the livestock can grow extremely efficiently in a short period of time. The present invention was completed based on this knowledge.

That is, the present invention provides 1x1 of bran raw material that has been heated and steamed by directly contacting superheated steam at a temperature of 120 to 300°C, or a bran raw material selected from various fillers, nutrients, preservatives, various trace ingredients, etc. Adding one or more feed ingredients
This is a feed manufacturing method characterized by:

The present invention will be explained in detail below.

First, rice bran and the like are particularly preferred as the bran raw material used in the present invention.

The above bran raw material may be 1\, but if necessary, it may be pulverized using an ordinary pulverizer or the like and appropriate water may be added thereto.

Next, the heating and steaming treatment in the present invention will be specifically described.

The above-mentioned bran raw material is heated or put into a heating and pressure treatment apparatus, and is heated to a pressure of Okg/cril (gauge pressure) or higher [3 to 8 kg/cir (in the case of heating and pressure steaming).
gauge pressure) is preferred.

] in the presence of superheated steam, at a temperature of 120'C or higher, preferably 1
or at 120 to 220°C for 5 seconds or more, preferably 1
After heating or heating and pressurizing by direct contact for 0 seconds to 30 minutes, this is cooled to obtain a nuclear raw material that has been heated or heated and pressurized.

As mentioned above, by subjecting the core raw material to a deep heat steaming treatment in the presence of heated steam, free fatty acids and oxides of the fatty acids in the bran raw material are scattered and removed at the same time as drying.

In this scattering removal process, first, a portion of the superheated steam condenses on the surface of the nuclear raw material due to contact between the superheated steam and the nuclear raw material, and at this time, the nuclear raw material that has been given latent heat of condensation becomes high temperature, and the nuclear raw material is exposed to the surroundings. It is thought that the adhering condensed water is evaporated again by the water vapor, and the free fatty acids and oxides of the fatty acids are scattered and removed along with the water in a manner similar to steam distillation.

In addition, in the present invention, even when using a core material containing a relatively large amount of components that adversely affect the growth of livestock, that is, free fatty acids or oxides of the fatty acids, the free fatty acids or the oxides of the fatty acids Feed suitable for the growth of livestock can be obtained to the same extent as when using nuclear materials with extremely low content.

In addition, the nuclear raw material is heated and steamed, and after replenishing moisture so that the moisture content in the bran raw material is about 10 to 20% (W/W), it is brought into direct contact with superheated steam. If so, free fatty acids and oxides of the fatty acids in the bran raw material can be more efficiently scattered and removed.

In addition, when the above-mentioned core raw material is brought into direct contact with superheated steam at a temperature of less than 120°C, free fatty acids and oxides of the fatty acids in the bran raw material are difficult to remove; If it is extremely high, for example, if it exceeds 3000G, the nuclear material will be carbonized, which is not preferable.

Furthermore, for the present invention, it is extremely important to directly contact the nuclear raw material with superheated steam. For example, when a plastic bag or the like is filled with the nuclear raw material and heated under pressure or heated under pressure. contains free fatty acids from nuclear raw materials.
This is not preferable because it is hardly possible to scatter and remove the fatty acid oxides, etc.

Any shape or structure can be used as the force-heating or heat-pressure treatment apparatus used in the present invention, and specific examples of the apparatus include, for example, the
The fluidized bed dryer described in Japanese Patent No. 24420 is particularly suitable.

Next, the nuclear raw material after the heating and steaming treatment part 1-! or mixed feed ingredients, such as grasses, hays, foliage, fibrous feeds such as wood feeds, root vegetables, leafy vegetables, fruit vegetables, etc.
Bulking agent for succulent feed such as grasses and silage; dog bean meal,
Protein feeds such as oil cake, milk, fish meal, and pupa, grain feeds such as grains and rice, fatty feeds such as oil seeds, soybeans, oily cakes, calcium, bone meal, lime, calcium phosphate, etc. , mineral feeds such as salt, salt mixtures, nutrients such as grasses, green leaves, cod liver oil, yeast, multivitamins, vitamin feeds such as dried green leaf powder; preservatives such as sodium tehydroacetate, calcium propionate, sodium propionate, etc. Agent: Thyroprotein (also called iodocasein) is an artificially produced thyroid hormone preparation.

), etc., are mixed in an appropriate amount with an appropriate amount of additive U to obtain a compounded feed.

Specific examples of livestock in the present invention include chickens, cows, cows, pigs, yellowtail, red sea bream, carp, eels, rainbow trout, sweetfish, and the like.

According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a feed that can significantly promote the growth of livestock, in which free fatty acids, oxides of the fatty acids, etc. that have an adverse effect on livestock growth are significantly removed from nuclear raw materials.

The present invention will be explained in more detail below by giving examples.

Example 3 kg of rice bran [moisture content: 10.2 rice bran (W/W)] was put into a batch-type porous temporary heat treatment device, and the temperature was 140°C (in accordance with the present invention) from the bottom of the perforated plate installed in the device. -1) and 180° C. (present invention-2), superheated steam at normal pressure was introduced, and the superheated steam was brought into direct contact with the rice bran for 30 minutes, and then the treated rice bran was collected.

In addition, 3 kg of rice bran similar to the above was put into the processing equipment, and the temperature was 165°C from the bottom of the perforated plate attached to the equipment.
After introducing superheated steam at 3 kg/crlt (gauge pressure) at ℃ and allowing the superheated steam to come into direct contact with the rice bran for 3 minutes, the discharge valve attached to the device was gradually opened to reduce the pressure inside the device. The atmospheric pressure was gradually lowered to obtain heated and pressed rice bran (invention-3).

As a control, the above-mentioned mechanical heat treatment was not performed at all.

The moisture content of each rice bran obtained by the above procedure (Experimental Agricultural Chemistry,
Volume 1, P114, published February 5, 1970, 15th edition)
, nicotinic acid [written by Masaru Ohara, "Food Analysis...Ndobukku"]
, pp. 317-318, Kenpakusha, published September 1, 1960 (first edition)], nicotinic acid standard anhydride standard value and acid value (Experimental Agricultural Chemistry, Volume 2, P, 45.8, 1970 4) The table below shows the measurement results for each of the following:

Regarding the acid value, the rice bran after the above treatment was further filled into polyethylene bags and heated at a temperature of 25 to 30. The table below shows the results of measurements on samples stored indoors at 'C for 30 days.

As is clear from the above table, the present invention significantly removes free fatty acids, oxides of fatty acids, water, etc. compared to the control.
In addition, the storage stability of the rice bran is significantly improved, and the treatment of the present invention does not reduce the nicotinic acid content in the rice bran.
It can be seen that it is stable.

Broiler feed for poultry farming and feed for laying hens having the compositions shown in the table below were prepared using the thus obtained Inventions-2 and 3, the control rice bran, and ordinary defatted rice bran, respectively.

Next, the compound feed obtained in this way was heated to a temperature of 25°C.
After being stored indoors at ~30'C for 90 days, it was subjected to a broiler breeding test and an egg-laying chicken breeding test.

In other words, in the broiler rearing test, the first broiler chicks were brought in, and 3 weeks after they arrived, broiler chicks were raised in groups of 20.
In addition, in the breeding test of laying hens, middle-chicken laying hens were reared and comparatively fed over a period of 5 weeks in units of 20 chickens. It is.

The results obtained are shown in the table below.

As is clear from the above table, it was found that the present invention was significantly better in improving body weight gain than the control and the mixed feed using defatted rice bran.

As is clear from the above table, it was found that the present invention was superior in terms of the daily amount of weight gain compared to the control and the formulated feed using defatted rice bran.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. Item 11, which is heated and steamed by directly contacting superheated steam at a temperature of 120 to 300°C to the bran raw material, or one type selected from various fillers, nutrients, preservatives, various trace ingredients, etc. A method for producing feed characterized by adding the above feed ingredients.