JPS5829143Y2 - compost making machine - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] This invention relates to an apparatus for converting industrial and domestic wastes and sludge etc. obtained through biological treatment of these wastes into dust fertilizer (compost) through fermentation.

Excess sludge, raw human waste, etc. conventionally obtained by the activated sludge method are dehydrated or dried to an appropriate moisture content, and then the required fermentation agent is added and mixed and placed in a batch-type fermenter, maintained at the required temperature and stirred. Composting is commonly practiced.

However, these methods have the drawback of requiring a large amount of land and requiring a long time for fermentation.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a compact composting machine that can compost industrial and domestic wastes and sludge obtained by biological treatment of these wastes through fermentation in a short period of time.

The compost making machine according to this invention is characterized by having the following configurations (a) to (f).

(a) It consists of a multi-stage vertical cylindrical reactor divided into multiple stages, with a raw material supply port in the top chamber and a reactant outlet in the bottom chamber.

(b) The reactor is equipped with a hollow stirring shaft penetrating through its center and hollow stirring blades that branch from the shaft and rotate on the bottom plate of each stage chamber, and the stirring blade has air injection holes. It is provided.

(c) Reactant droplets are provided on the bottom plate of each stage chamber at different positions for each stage, and below the droplets there is a baffle plate that extends to the middle of the stage chamber below. It is surrounded by

(d) An air preheating chamber is provided at the top of each tier, that is, below the bottom plate of the tier above it, and the air passes through the preheating chamber of the uppermost tier and sequentially enters the preheating chamber of the lower tier. Piping and air blowing equipment are provided so that the air enters the stirring shaft from the lower preheating chamber and is ejected from the jet holes of the stirring blades.

(e) Piping is provided to collect the gas in each chamber and send it to the top chamber, and from the top chamber to the deodorizing equipment.

(f) A fuel burner whose operation is adjusted according to the temperature inside the reactor is installed in the lowest chamber.

The compost making machine of this invention will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 of the drawings of the embodiment.

As shown in FIG. 1, the manufacturing machine of this invention is partitioned into a plurality of upper and lower stages, with stage chambers IA, IB... (6 stage chambers in the illustrated embodiment).

) consists of a multistage vertical cylindrical reactor 1.

A raw material supply port 2 is provided in the uppermost chamber 1A, and a reactant outlet 3 is provided in the lowermost chamber IF.

The reactor 1 includes a hollow stirring shaft 4 penetrating through its center and hollow stirring blades 5 branching from the shaft 4 and rotating on the bottom plate 7 of each stage chamber 1A. .

The stirring shaft 4 is rotated in the direction of the arrow by a drive source (not shown).

The stirring blade 5 is provided with a large number of air ejection holes 6, as shown in detail in FIG.

The bottom plate 7 of each stage chamber 1A... is provided with a position shifted for each stage, preferably <18 cm as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2.
On the opposite side of the agitation shaft 4, shifted by 0°, an opposite setting sun 8 is provided.

The lower side of the setting sun 8 is surrounded by a baffle plate 9 up to the middle part of the step chamber below.

The upper part of each tiered chamber 1A, ie, the lower side of the bottom plate 7 of the upper tiered chamber (this detailed description does not apply to the uppermost tiered chamber since there is no upper tiered chamber).

) An air preheating chamber 10 is provided.

Adjacent air preheating chambers 10 are connected by piping 12,
The air 11 preheated by the air preheating equipment 18 enters the uppermost preheating chamber, successively passes through the lower preheating chamber, is sucked into the blower 13 from the lowermost preheating chamber, and further enters the stirring shaft 4, where it passes through the stirring blades. It is ejected from the ejection hole 6 of 5.

The air preheating equipment 18 may include a vinyl house heated by solar heat on the roof of the reactor 1, a baffle plate placed inside the house to bend the air flow to increase the absorption efficiency of solar radiant heat, or a bent or spiral shaped greenhouse. Those that effectively utilize solar heat are selected, such as those that allow air to pass through long tubes that have a high absorption rate for solar radiant heat.

Each stage chamber 1A... is connected to adjacent stage chambers by a pipe 14 at the upper part thereof, that is, the portion of each stage chamber which is not filled with the reactant.

Further, the upper part of the uppermost chamber 1A is connected to a deodorizing equipment 15 with a suction equipment interposed as required.

Therefore, the moths of each tier or the top tier chamber 1A are collected, and the iron car 1
From A, it is sent to the deodorizing equipment.

A fuel burner 16 is provided in the upper space of the lowermost chamber 1F.

The burner 16 is placed at a temperature sensing end 17 at an appropriate position in the reactor 1.
automatic control device (not shown).

) controls the point-extinguishing or combustion amount and maintains the reactor 1 at a constant temperature.

The compost making machine of this invention is constructed as described above.

Next, how to use the compost making machine of this invention will be explained based on FIG. 1, which shows an embodiment of the compost making machine including auxiliary equipment.

Fermentation and composting raw materials with a water content of about 60% are suitable because they are easy to ferment.

As a raw material for composting, for example, human waste that has been pretreated and dehydrated with a screw press to have a moisture content of about 40%,
Excess sludge with a water content of about 80% that is poorly dehydrated is mixed at a ratio of 6:4 and supplied to the first hopper 20.

The raw material is transferred from the first hopper 20 to the second hopper 2 by reconveyor.
1, where fermentation agent 22 is added and the product is sent to a rotary drum pre-fermenter 23.

The raw material sent to the pre-fermentation device 23 is transferred to the fuel tank 24.
By burning the fuel in the burner 25, the raw material is heated to a temperature of 60 to 70° C. that facilitates fermentation, and the raw material starts fermentation.

The raw material to start fermentation is conveyed to the compost making machine 1 by a conveyor 26.
The raw material is supplied to the uppermost chamber A from the raw material supply port 2.

The raw materials (reactants) supplied to the compost making machine 1 remain on the bottom plate 7 of each stage chamber, are stirred and moved by the stirring blade 5, and fall into the lower stage chambers one after another from the setting sun 8, and are transferred to the lowest stage chamber 1F. The reactant is taken out from the reactant take-out port 3.

The lower side of each falling sun 8 is surrounded by a baffle plate 9, and the inside of the baffle plate 9 is filled with the reactant. falls, the amount of reactants in each tray is maintained at a nearly constant amount, and a space is always maintained above each tray.

When the raw material supply port 2 is also surrounded by a baffle plate 9 as shown in FIG. When the amount of reactants taken out is small, the supply port 2 is clogged and the conveyor 26 is automatically stopped.

In addition, the compost making machine of this invention has a baffle plate 9 at the raw material supply port 2.
The uppermost chamber 1A can be made large-capacity without providing the uppermost chamber 1A, and the uppermost chamber 1A can be used as a raw material storage tank and a pre-fermentation chamber.

Therefore, in this case, the aforementioned pre-fermentation device 23 can be omitted.

The reactants in each stage chamber are stirred by stirring blades 5, and heated and fermented by warm air jetted from air jet holes 6.

The warm air is obtained by the air 11 passing through each air preheating chamber 10, being heated, and being supplied into the stirring shaft 4 by the blower 13.

The warm air blown out from the blowout hole 6 and the temperature of each stage chamber are maintained at a high temperature due to the fermentation heat of the reactants, but when the temperature inside the compost making machine 1 drops, especially when the production machine 1 starts operating, Burner 1
6 is ignited, and the inside of the manufacturing machine 1 is heated.

The operation of the burner 16 is automatically controlled, and the inside of the manufacturing machine 1 is maintained at an appropriate temperature condition.

The gas in each stage chamber is sent to the uppermost stage chamber 1A via piping 14,
Further, it is sent to a deodorizing device 15.

The required period of time in the compost making machine 1 under appropriate fermentation conditions, generally 3 ~
On the 4th day, the raw material that has been retained completes fermentation and is discharged from the outlet 2.

The reactants discharged from the outlet 2 are transferred to the screw conveyor 2.
At step 7, it is sent to the stirring cooler 28 and cooled.

In the stirring cooler 28, the reactant is cooled by air from the blower 29, and is transferred to the stirring cooler 28 as a compost product 31 with a moisture content of about 20%.
8.

The cooling film gas is sent to a deodorizing device 30.

Since the compost making machine of the present invention is constructed and used as described above, it is possible to efficiently ferment and compost raw materials such as sludge, and since the device is compact and does not take up much land area, , has great practical value.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

The drawings all show one embodiment of the compost making machine according to the present invention. Fig. 1 is a process diagram of a compost making apparatus including the compost making machine of this invention, Fig. 2 is a partial longitudinal sectional view, and Fig. 3 is a partial longitudinal sectional view. is the second
FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line III-III in the figure, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line IV-IV in FIG. In the drawing, 1 is a compost making machine, IA, IB...
Stage chamber, 2 is a raw material supply port, 3 is a reactant outlet, 4 is a stirring shaft, 5 is a stirring blade, 6 is an air outlet, 7 is a bottom plate, 8 is a sunset, 9 is a baffle plate, 10 is an air preheating chamber , 11 is air, 12.
14 is piping, 13 is a blower, 15 is deodorizing equipment, and 16 is a burner.

Claims (1)

[Scope of Claim for Utility Model Registration] (a) Consisting of a multistage vertical cylindrical reactor divided into multiple stages vertically, with a raw material supply port in the top chamber and a reactant outlet in the bottom chamber, ( b) The reactor is equipped with a hollow stirring shaft penetrating through its center and hollow stirring blades that branch from the shaft and rotate on the bottom plate of each stage chamber, and the stirring blade has air injection holes. (c) The bottom plate of each stage chamber is provided with a reactant outlet at a position shifted from one stage to another, and the lower side of the outlet reaches the middle part of the stage below it. (iv) An air preheating chamber is provided at the top of each tier, that is, below the bottom plate of the upper tier, and the air passes through the preheating chamber of the top tier and sequentially cools the lower tier. Pipes and air blowing equipment are installed so that the gas enters the preheating chamber, enters the stirring shaft from the lowest preheating chamber, and blows out from the jet hole of the stirring blade. A compost making machine characterized in that: pipes are provided for transporting the feed from the top chamber to the deodorizing equipment, and (f) a fuel burner whose operation is adjusted according to the temperature inside the reactor is provided in the bottom chamber.