JPS58192737A - Method of polishing machining - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To improve machining speed and efficiency, by using a mixture wherein the granular bodies of a material whose volume is changed by the application of a magnetic field or an electric field is mixed with grinding granules as a polishing agent, applying electric field, magnetic field, and changing pressure, thereby performing the machining. CONSTITUTION:A polishing agent is supplied to a polishing gap on a body to be machined 1 in which a polishing tool 2 is movably placed. In the polishing agent used in the gap, grinding granules are put in a machining liquid such as a machine oil and the like, and the granules of a material whose volume is changed by the action of a magnetic field is further mixed. TiC, W2C, and the like are used as the grinding granules. A magnetic strain material such as ferrite and Co steel is used as the granules whose volume is changed. The polishing agent is compressed into the polishing gap, pressure is applied by a spring 7, and lateral vibration is applied by a vibrating device 4. By the polishing action of the grinding granules compressed into the gap by the application of the pressure to the tool 2 and the body to be machined 1, the polishing machining is performed.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to an improvement in the polishing I7i method in which F is applied while supplying abrasive grains to the polishing gap.

In conventional polishing, abrasive grains are immersed in working fluid and supplied to the polishing gap, pressurized and moved relative to each other for τ machining4, but since the motion of the abrasive grains is aligned in a simple direction, there is no directionality on the polished surface. There were drawbacks such as the appearance of problems and low machining efficiency.

As an improvement on this point, the present invention uses a special polishing agent, that is, in addition to abrasive grains, the working fluid contains particles of a substance that causes a volume change due to the action of an electric field or a pressure horn. use It is characterized in that it is supplied to a polishing gap that undergoes relative motion or vibration, and is polished by applying a varying electric field, varying magnetic field, or varying pressure.

The present invention will be explained below with reference to an embodiment of the drawings.

In Fig. 1, 1 is a workpiece formed into a predetermined shape by machining, electrical discharge machining, sintering, etc., and 2 is a full-form tool for polishing. When machining the mold using soil, the electrode can be used as a tool as it is, or when making a new one, it can be used by forming it into a slightly smaller diameter than the machined hole of workpiece 1. do. 3
is a movable rod that vibrates the tool 2; one end is connected to the central axis of the tool, and the narrow end is connected to the vibrating device 4. 5 is a vibration spring that elastically applies vibration force; 6 is a pressure rod that applies pressure in a direction perpendicular to the vibration motion; 7 is a pressure spring; 8 is a magnetic field generating coil that applies a magnetic field to the polishing gap; A pulse or alternating current voltage is applied to 9 to generate a changing magnetic field.

A polishing agent is supplied to the polishing gap between the L tool 2 and the workpiece 1 into which it is loosely fitted. The polishing agent used is one in which abrasive grains are added to a working fluid such as machine oil, spindle oil, or grease, and R1 material particles are mixed in so that the volume changes due to the action of a magnetic field. As is well known, the abrasive grains are 1' i C, W 2 C, and S I C.
, B a C, Tire.

Δl 203 , 7r 02 , Si 02 , F
e203.

Fe5s4. Others were used, and the particles whose volume changed depending on the magnetic field were ferrite, To, 81 F2, and Co-steel.

Ni-steel, nickel, and other magnetostrictive materials are used. The amount of abrasive grains mixed in is around 30-50% (weight ratio).The amount of C polishing reaches its maximum (・, this is used as a guideline, and grains whose volume changes due to the magnetic field should be mixed with the same amount but less. Since workability changes depending on the amount of mixture, mix the optimum amount according to the amount of the polishing agent.Press this mixed polishing agent into the polishing gap, pressurize it with the spring 7 in that state, Vibration device 4 is used to vibrate in the lateral direction. Vibration can be rotational vibration, grinding vibration, cylindrical vibration, etc. as desired. Of course] The entire surface of the workpiece 1 may be polished under pressure by manually moving the tool 2 and the workpiece 1 back and forth, left and right with vibration.
Polishing is performed by the abrasive action of abrasive grains press-fitted into the gap according to the pressure welding process. During this machining, a varying magnetic field is applied by the coil 8. Due to the action of this changing magnetic field, the volume-changing material particles, which are mixed into the working liquid together with the abrasive grains, expand and contract in volume in response to changes in the magnetic field.
This force acts on the surrounding abrasive grains, and as a result, the abrasive grains internally vibrate, shift, etc. in addition to the vibrations that act from the outside, and this vibration direction also acts in any direction. Therefore, this can promote the polishing effect.

FIG. 2 shows another embodiment, in which numeral 10 indicates a hole formed by processing, and the inner surface of this hole is polished. Reference numeral 11 denotes a rotary polishing tool, which has a plurality of polishing wire rods 11b planted in the shape of a broom at the tip of a cylindrical body 11a. Wire rod ♂ 11bk1. tl: '7/ wire, brass wire, wc wire, CI
Be line.

A wire rod made of Ni11a or any material thereof is used, and the wire rod is usually about 0.1 to 21111φ.
-The number of cables to be installed is two or more, and if there are many
Installed about 0 trees. Reference numeral 11c denotes a central rotating shaft which is rotated at a high speed of approximately 500-20.0 OORPM by the motor 12. Reference numeral 13 denotes an energizing black, and 14 a connecting terminal of an energizing power source that applies a pulsed voltage between the tool 11 and the workpiece 10 to form a changing electric field.

In the polishing gap between the tool 11 and the workpiece 10, a polishing agent containing a working fluid mixed with abrasive grains and material particles whose volume changes due to the action of an electric field is supplied. Substances that change in volume due to an electric field include 3aTtO3゜17th, PLZT, and P.
CM and other electrostrictive materials are used. The single shell 11 is rotated at high speed by the state C motor 12 in which such a mixed polishing agent is supplied to the polishing gap. When the T tool 11 rotates at high speed, the force that causes the wire 111tl attached to the cylinder 11a to spread outward, that is, the centrifugal force, acts on the T tool 11, and the liquid member 10 comes into pressure contact with the wall surface of the insertion hole and frictionally slides 4. The abrasive process can be covered with a friction agent. If the hole to be machined is larger than the rotary tool 11 as shown in the figure, the tool 11 or the workpiece 10 is moved and the entire wall surface of the hole in the workpiece 10 is polished by relative movement. During the polishing process, a pulse voltage is applied from the terminal 14 between the tool 11 and the pressurized body 10, and the variable type W is formed. Due to the action of this changing electric field, the volume-changing material particles mixed into a single working solution along with the abrasive grains expand and contract in volume in response to the fluctuations in the electric field, and apply this changing force to the surrounding abrasive grains, etc. This causes the grains to vibrate, shift, etc. due to internal pressure in addition to external rotational friction, thereby promoting the polishing effect.

Of course, vibration may be applied in addition to the rotational movement of the tool, and the vibration is effectively applied by performing ultrasonic imaging at 20 to 50 KH2.

Next, an experimental example will be explained.

As a polishing agent, add 100 tons of P by volume to linseed oil.
Using a mixture of 15% L7T, 15% 100 mesh diamond particles, and 15% 840,
When polishing the mold of a workpiece molded by mixing N4 with 1% Y2O3, the total mold cutting tool was heated at 28.6 KHz, 150 kHz.
Vibration of W and application of tool and liquid] When polishing by applying a 560V voltage C between the two bodies for 10m5 and applying a pulsed electric power of SOOOMS for 1L of the body, the machining speed was approximately 1.
It was 20 mq/min. When the voltage application was removed, it decreased to about 88111q/mln.

In addition, as a polishing agent, 15% of 5IIIF2 particles and 20% of diamond particles were added to 7thin oil, and a rotary tool with 12 piano wires embedded in the tool was applied to the workpiece while rotating at 11.0 OORPM. Supplied to the pressure-welded gap, magnetic field 3
When a varying magnetic field is applied at 1Hz of 0OOG,
Compared to the case where no magnetic field is applied, the cutting speed was improved by about three times.

Incidentally, the volume-change particles are not limited to those whose volume and shape change due to the above-mentioned magnetic field or electric field, but also those whose volume changes due to pressure (T! Fe, la N! 6. MnN: a, M (
12Ni etc. can be used alone or in combination,
The machining effect can be enhanced while changing the volume and shape of the action C such as vibration pressure and rotational pressure.

As described in 1-1 above, the present invention uses a mixture of abrasive grains and particles of a substance whose volume changes depending on a magnetic field, an electric field, or pressure, and applies this to the polishing gap between the shellfish and the mother forest. Since the mold is supplied and processed by applying a changing electric field, changing magnetic field, or changing pressure from the outside, the polishing speed is increased and mold polishing can be performed extremely efficiently.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram of one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a block diagram of another embodiment. 1... Workpiece 2... Tool 3... Vibrating rod 4... Vibrating device 5. ..... Vibration spring 6 ..... Pressure rod 7 ..... Pressure spring 8 ..... Magnetic coil 10. ......Workpiece 11...Rotary tool 12...Rotary motor

Claims (1)

[Claims] As a polishing agent, in addition to abrasive grains, electrophoresis and a magnetic field are added to the working fluid. Alternatively, particles of a substance that causes a volume change due to the action of pressure are mixed in, and this is supplied to the polishing gap due to relative motion or vibration to create a changing electric field. A polishing method characterized by applying a varying magnetic field or varying pressure.