JPH11347530A - Method and apparatus for waste vacuum transportation treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method which can select wastes smoothly by a selecting device and improve selection precision by the selecting apparatus in waste vacuum transportation treatment in which wastes are vacuum-transported to be selected, and an apparatus for the method. SOLUTION: Wastes are crushed by a crusher 1 and vacuum-transported to a storage/discharge apparatus 3 by a vacuum transportation means, the wastes discharged from the apparatus 3 are disintegrated by a waste disintegrating apparatus 5 and selected by a selecting apparatus 10. Wastes packed in a bag are vacuum-transported to a storage/discharge apparatus by a vacuum transportation means, the wastes discharged from the apparatus are supplied to a bag breaking apparatus to break the bag, the wastes in the bag are disintegrated and selected by a selecting apparatus.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for transporting collected waste by vacuum transportation and sorting the vacuum-transported waste into combustible and non-combustible waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a waste vacuum transport processing apparatus for vacuum-transferring collected waste and separating the waste into combustible and non-flammable substances, the apparatus described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 7-204618 is provided. ing.

[0003] In this waste vacuum transporting apparatus, the collected waste is crushed to a predetermined size by a crushing device in advance, and then sent to a sorting device by vacuum transport, and a plurality of sorting processes are performed to remove the waste. Light materials are considered as combustibles and heavy materials are considered incombustibles.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional waste vacuum transportation apparatus, the waste crushed by the crushing apparatus is transported by vacuum transportation. Bags of garbage are simultaneously entangled with the crushed waste. For this reason, once a part of the bag, which has become smaller due to crushing, becomes entangled, it becomes difficult to separate them at the time of the sorting process by the sorting device, so that a smooth sorting process cannot be performed and the sorting accuracy is reduced. There was a problem of inviting.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for vacuum transporting waste, comprising the steps of: crushing collected waste into a predetermined size; and vacuum transporting the waste crushed in the crushing step. A transporting step, a step of unraveling the waste transported in the transporting step, and a step of sorting the waste unraveled in the unraveling step into combustibles and incombustibles.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste vacuum transport processing apparatus for crushing collected waste, vacuum transport means for transporting waste crushed by the crusher by vacuum transport, and vacuum transport means. Storage device that temporarily stores the waste transported by, and discharges the waste appropriately, a waste disentanglement device that disentangles the waste discharged from the storage discharge device, and a combustible waste that is disassembled by the waste disentanglement device And a sorting device that sorts the materials into non-combustible materials.

[0007] According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for vacuum transporting waste, wherein a vacuum transporting the collected waste in the form of garbage is performed, and the bag of the garbage transported in the transporting is broken. The method includes a bag breaking step of unraveling waste in the bag, and a sorting step of sorting the waste loosened in the bag breaking step into combustibles and incombustibles.

[0010] According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for vacuum transporting waste, comprising: a vacuum transport means for vacuum transporting collected waste in the form of bag waste; and a bag once transported by the vacuum transport means. The storage and discharge device that discharges, the bag of garbage discharged from the storage and discharge device is torn, and the waste in the bag is loosened, and the waste that is loosened by the bag breaking device is combustible. And a sorting device for sorting the materials into non-combustible materials.

[0009]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows the configuration of a waste vacuum transport processing apparatus according to a second aspect of the present invention. The waste vacuum transport processing device includes a crusher 1 for crushing collected waste, a vacuum transporter for transporting the waste crushed by the crusher 1 by vacuum transport, and a waste transported by the vacuum transporter. Storage and discharge device 3 for temporarily storing and discharging the waste appropriately, a waste disentanglement device 5 for unraveling the waste discharged from the storage and discharge device 3, and a waste disintegrated by the waste disentanglement device 5 as a combustible material. A sorting device 10 for sorting into noncombustibles.

The crushing device 1 has a hopper 1a
The hopper 1a is mainly filled with garbage in a state in which waste collected in each home or facility is stored in a bag, that is, bag garbage. And the crushing device 1
In the state of the bag waste, the bag waste is crushed to a predetermined size.

The crushing device 1 is connected to the storage / discharge device 3 through a vacuum transport pipe 2. Vacuum transport pipe 2
Is a transportation path for vacuum transporting the waste crushed by the crushing device 1 to the storage / discharge device 3. A suction device provided with a blower or the like (not shown) is connected to the vacuum transport pipe 2, and the waste crushed by the crushing device 1 by the operation of the suction device is transferred to the storage / discharge device 3 through the vacuum transport pipe 2. transport. That is, the vacuum transport means is constituted by the vacuum transport pipe 2 and the suction device.

The storage / discharge device 3 includes, for example, a drum main body 3a rotatable about a horizontal axis, and a screw (not shown) provided in the drum main body 3a. The waste transported from the crusher 1 by the action of the screw by the
It is conveyed gradually to the discharge port 3b while being stored inside, and is discharged from the discharge port 3b to the waste unraveling device 5 via the first conveyor 4.

The waste disentanglement device 5 is for disintegrating the crushed waste discharged from the storage and discharge device 3 as described above, and the waste disentangled by the waste disentanglement device 5 is It is transported to the sorting device 10. The specific configuration of the waste disentangling device 5 will be described later.

The sorting device 10 sorts combustible materials such as paper and non-combustible materials such as iron cans and aluminum cans. The specific structure of the sorting device 10 will be described below.

The waste discharged from the waste unraveling device 5 is transported by a second conveyor 11 connected to the waste unraveling device 5. A magnetic separator 12 is provided above a downstream portion of the second conveyor 11, and sorts and removes iron cans from waste conveyed on the second conveyor 11 by the magnetic separator 12.

The magnetic separator 12 communicates with the iron can press 13, and conveys the iron cans selected by the magnetic separator 12 to the iron can press 13.

The discharge end of the second conveyor 11 is connected to a combustible material sorter 15. The combustible material sorter 15 has a sorting conveyor 15a, and sorts combustible materials and aluminum cans from waste put on the sorting conveyor 15a by an appropriate sorting means. As the sorting means, for example, wind sorting, sieving sorting, and the like, or a combination thereof as appropriate are used.

The combustible material discharge port 15b of the combustible material sorter 15 is connected to a combustible material storage / discharge device 17 through a third conveyor 16. The combustible material storage and discharge device 17
The combustible material stored in the combustible material storage / discharge device 17 is discharged to a refuse collection vehicle 18 or the like, and transported to an incineration facility or the like by the refuse collection vehicle 18. Is done.

On the other hand, the aluminum can discharge port 15c of the combustible material sorter 15 communicates with the aluminum can press machine 19, and the aluminum cans selected by the combustible material sorter 15 are removed from the aluminum can press machine 1.
To 9.

FIGS. 2 to 4 show a specific configuration of the above-described waste unraveling apparatus 5.

The waste unraveling device 5 includes a mounting table 6 for receiving the waste conveyed by the first conveyor 4.
And a driving unit 7 provided above the mounting table 6 and a vibration conveyor 8 provided below the mounting table 6.

The driving section 7 is supported on a base 73 so as to be reciprocally movable in a direction parallel to a feed direction A of the vibrating conveyor 8 (hereinafter, this direction is referred to as a front-rear direction for convenience of explanation). And a plurality of operating arms 75 provided on a plurality of shaft members 74, 74 pivotally supported on the front and back of the support base 73, respectively, and a loosening blade 71 provided on a tip of the operating arm 75. I have.

The support table 73 is slidably provided along a rail 76 provided on the upper surface of the base 72, and a rotating disk 78a is attached to a driving device 77 provided on the base 72. Reciprocating drive means 7 comprising a connecting rod 78b
8, and is configured to reciprocate in the front-rear direction along the rail 76 via the reciprocating drive means 78 by driving of the driving device 77. Incidentally, the reciprocating drive means is not limited to the above,
Driving means such as a cylinder may be used.

An extensible rod 79a of a cylinder 79 is connected to one end of each of the plurality of shaft members 74, 74 via a connecting arm 79b. The provided operation arm 75 rotates in the up and down direction in conjunction with the operation arm 75.

The unraveling blade 71 has a blade 71 a at its tip and extends substantially perpendicularly to the tip of the operating arm 75, and moves up and down with the rotation of the operating arm 75 by the operation of the cylinder 79. In addition to rotating in the direction, the support table 73 is reciprocated by the driving device 77 and moves in the front-rear direction.

More specifically, the unraveling blade 71 is driven by a driving device 77 so that it moves as one cycle shown below.
And the drive of the cylinder 79 is controlled.

The position at the frontmost position, which is the bag litter supply side, and is pivotally disposed at the uppermost position (see the solid line in FIG. 2).

A position where the tip of the unraveling blade 71 is rotated downward from the uppermost position and reaches the mounting table 6 (see a dashed line in FIG. 2).

The position moved to the rear while holding the lowermost position (see the two-dot chain line in FIG. 2). At the rear end, the position rotated from the bottom to the top.

A position where the uppermost position is held and moved from the rearmost position to the front. Each unraveling blade 71 is provided with a pair of left and right scrapers 721 provided on the upper surface of the base 72 (see FIG. 4).
Is inserted and arranged. This scraper 721 is
For example, a flexible rubber material is used,
As shown in FIG. 4, the unraveling blade 71 is disposed in a V-shape sandwiching the unraveling blade 71 from the left and right and in the front-rear direction via a bracket 722.

The mounting table 6 has a frame 61 in which a plurality of partitioning plates 62 are disposed at predetermined intervals in the front-rear direction and left and right, and the space between the partitioning plates 62 is discarded. It becomes a fall passage for things. The interval between the drop passages is appropriately set so that the waste material supported by the partition plates 62 and unraveled by the unraveling blade 71 can smoothly fall down the fall passage.

The partition plate 62 has a plurality of lower bag breaking blades 63.
Project upward. The mounting table 6 configured as described above is mounted on the vibrating conveyor 8 via a block 65.

The vibrating conveyor 8 conveys waste to the second conveyor 11 by vibrating the conveying surface 81 by a driving device 82. The vibrating conveyor 8 is inserted through a drop passage between the partition plates 62, 62. Support and transport the dropped waste. The vibration of the vibration conveyor 8 is applied to the block 6
Since the vibration is also transmitted to the mounting table 6 via this 5, the waste on the mounting table 6 also moves in the same direction as the conveying direction of the vibrating conveyor 8 due to the vibration.

Further, the waste disentangling device 5 configured as described above is provided with cullet removing means for removing the cullet of the bottle from the waste received by the waste disentangling device 5.

FIG. 5 shows a specific configuration of the cullet removing means. The cullet removing means includes an inclined plate 82 that forms a part of the transport surface 81 of the vibrating conveyor 8,
It is composed of

The inclined plate 82 is located below the mounting table 6,
The upper end 82a is rotatably supported, and the lower end 82b is supported by an angle adjusting member 83, so that the upper end 82a is arranged in a state of being inclined upward toward the discharge side.

The angle adjusting member 83 is vertically slidably provided on the main body of the vibrating conveyor 8, so that the supporting position of the lower end 82b of the inclined plate 82 can be changed in the vertical direction. The angle can be made variable.

The upper end 82a of the inclined plate 82
It is arranged in a slightly overlapping state above the edge of the conveying surface 81 arranged on the discharge side. Further, the tip of the mounting table 6 is arranged so as to extend to the discharge side from the upper end 82 a of the inclined plate 82, and is set so that the waste directly falls on the transport surface 81 from the tip of the mounting table 6. Have been.

Below the lower end 82b of the inclined plate 82, there is arranged a cullet receiving box 84 for accommodating the cullet discharged from the lower end 82b of the inclined plate 82.

The blower 85 is provided at the lower end 8 of the inclined plate 82.
2b, it is arranged in the upper vicinity. This blower 85
The nozzle 86 is configured to jet air toward the upper end 82 a of the inclined plate 82 and toward the upper surface of the inclined plate 82.

The nozzle 86 is mounted so that the injection angle can be adjusted. Specifically, the blowing angle of the nozzle 86 can be adjusted by variably mounting the blower 85 itself, or the nozzle 86
Only the angle can be adjusted. In addition, 87 is an air blower, and 88 is an air volume adjustment valve.

The cullet removing means configured as described above attempts to convey the waste dropped on the inclined plate 82 to the upper end 82a side by the vibrating action of the inclined plate 82. The cullet having high specific gravity and low frictional force among the waste is
2 and slide down to the lower end 82b side, and the cullet receiving box 84
Is discharged.

When the flammable material attempts to fall into the cullet receiving box 84 in the same manner as the above cullet, the flammable material is prevented from falling by the air jetted from the nozzle 86 of the blower 85, and the flammable material and the like are transferred to the conveying surface 81. Blow off to discharge side.
As a result, the waste from which the cullet has been removed is carried out to the second conveyor 11.

Next, the sorting operation of the waste vacuum transport processing apparatus configured as described above will be described together with the waste vacuum transport processing method according to the first aspect.

First, bag garbage containing waste is put into a crushing device 1 through a hopper 1a, and the crushing device 1 crushes the waste together with the bag to a predetermined size. It is transported to the storage and discharge device 3 by transportation, and is stored in the storage and discharge device 3.

In the storage / discharge device 3, the crushed waste (including bags) is discharged to the waste unraveling device 5 through the first conveyor 4.

In the waste disentangling device 5, the waste is received on the mounting table 6. Since the vibration of the vibration conveyor 8 is transmitted to the mounting table 6, the waste on the mounting table 6 is conveyed on the mounting table 6 in the same direction as the feed direction A of the vibration conveyor 8 by the vibration. When the waste is conveyed in this way, the unraveling blade 71 is described above.
Is continuously operated as one cycle, the waste is loosened in combination with the action of the lower bag-breaking blade 63 on the mounting table 6.

More specifically, first, the unraveling blade 71 pierces the waste by the emptying operation, and subsequently, the unraveling blade 71 is operated to to sufficiently unravel the waste. In addition, with this operation, since the partition plate 62 is provided with the lower bag-breaking blade 63, the waste is also loosened by the lower bag-breaking blade 63 vibrated by the vibrating conveyor 8, whereby the waste is released. In combination with the action of the unraveling blade 71, the waste can be sufficiently and surely unraveled. Therefore, even if a part of the bag is entangled with the crushed waste, the part of the bag can be reliably unraveled.

Thereafter, the unraveling blade 71 is pivoted from the lowest position to the uppermost position at the rearmost position by the operation of (1) to (4), while maintaining this uppermost position and moving forward from the rearmost position to the original position. Return.

Here, since the unraveling blade 71 performs the above-described operation while sliding between the left and right scrapers 721, even if a part of the crushed and small bag is entangled with the unraveling blade 71, When returning to the position, it is removed by the scraper 721.

The unraveled waste is promoted by the vibration of the partition plate 62 due to the vibration of the vibration conveyor 8, and passes through the drop passage between the partition plates 62.
And is conveyed to the second conveyor 11 by the vibrating conveyor 8. At this time, the cullet in the waste is removed by the cullet removing means.

The waste conveyed to the second conveyor 11 is
First, an iron can is separated and removed from the waste by a magnetic separator 12, and the iron can is compressed by an iron can press 13.
The compressed iron can is carried out to a treatment plant or the like by an appropriate means.

The waste from which the iron can has been removed by the magnetic separator 12 is carried into a combustible material sorter 15 and the combustible material sorter 1
In 5 it is sorted into combustibles and aluminum cans. Combustible material sorter 15
The combustible material selected in the above is stored in the combustible material storage / discharge machine 17 through the third conveyor 16, and the combustible material storage / discharge machine 17
From the garbage truck 18 and the like. In the case where incombustibles are mixed in the combustibles sorted by the combustibles sorter 15, when the combustibles are conveyed to the third conveyor 16, the incombustibles are manually operated by an operator or by an appropriate sorting device. Is removed, and the purity of combustibles is further improved.

On the other hand, the aluminum cans sorted by the combustible material sorter 15 are compressed by an aluminum can press 19 and carried out to a treatment plant or the like by an appropriate means.

In this way, the waste is crushed and transported in a vacuum, and the crushed waste is disentangled by the waste disentanglement device 5 and then sorted by the separation device 10, whereby the waste is sorted by the separation device 10. Sorting can be performed smoothly,
The sorting accuracy of the sorting device 10 can be improved.

FIG. 6 shows the configuration of a waste vacuum transport processing apparatus according to the fourth aspect. This waste vacuum transport processing apparatus does not crush bag garbage in advance with a crushing device as in the waste vacuum transport processing apparatus described above, but vacuum transports bag garbage to the storage / discharge device 3 as it is, The bag 3 is discharged from the device 3 as it is to the bag breaking device 30, the bag of the bag waste is broken by the bag breaking device 30, the waste in the bag is taken out, and the bag is sorted by the sorting device 10. . Hereinafter, a specific configuration will be described.

In FIG. 6, reference numeral 20 denotes a refuse storage container installed at a refuse collection site or the like. The refuse storage container 20 is buried and disposed, for example, underground. At the upper part of the garbage storage container 20, there is provided an input section 21 for charging bag garbage. Through this input section 21, bag garbage discharged from homes and facilities is stored in the garbage storage container 20.

The refuse storage container 20 is connected to the storage and discharge device 3 through the vacuum transport pipe 2. The storage / discharge device 3 and the vacuum transportation means are the same as those of the waste vacuum transportation processing device described above, and the description is omitted.

The outlet 3b of the storage / discharge device 3 is
It is connected to the bag breaking device 30 through the conveyor 4.

The bag breaking device 30 has the same configuration as the above-mentioned waste unraveling device. That is, the unraveling blade 71 of the waste unraveling device 5 pierces the bag of the garbage and breaks the bag, and plays a role of releasing the garbage in the bag. In the description of the operation of the bag breaking device 30, which will be described later, the members described for the waste unraveling device 5 will be used as necessary.

Further, the sorting device 10 is the same as the sorting device 10 of the waste vacuum transport processing device described above, and the same members are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

Next, the sorting operation of the waste vacuum transportation apparatus configured as described above will be described together with the waste vacuum transportation method according to the third aspect.

First, bag garbage containing waste is put into a garbage storage container 20 through a charging section 21, and the storage / discharge device is vacuum-transported through a vacuum transport pipe 2 from the garbage storage container 20 in a state of bag garbage. 3 to be stored.

In the storage / discharge device 3, bag refuse is discharged to the bag breaking device 30 through the first conveyor 4.

In the bag breaking device 30, the bag refuse is placed on the mounting table 6.
Accept above. Bag garbage on the mounting table 6 is removed from the vibrating conveyor 8
Is transmitted to the mounting table 6, and is conveyed on the mounting table 6 in the same direction as the feed direction A of the vibration conveyor 8 by the vibration. When the waste is conveyed in this manner, the unraveling blade 71 is continuously operated with the above-described as one cycle, so that the lower bag breaking blade 6 on the mounting table 6 is operated.
Combined with the action of 3, the bag of garbage is broken, the waste in the bag is taken out, and the taken-out waste is released.

The waste taken out of the bag and disentangled in this manner is separated from the partition plate 6 by the vibration of the vibrating conveyor 8.
2 and falls on the conveying surface of the vibrating conveyor 8 through the drop passage between the partition plates 62, and the vibrating conveyor 8
Is conveyed to the second conveyor 11.

Then, the iron can, the aluminum can, and the combustible material are sorted out from the waste in the same manner as the processing operation of the sorting apparatus 10 described above, and are respectively processed.

By treating bag refuse in this way, the sorting of the waste by the sorting apparatus 10 can be performed smoothly.
The sorting device can be improved in sorting accuracy.

[0070]

As described above, according to the present invention, waste is crushed and transported under vacuum, and the crushed waste is crushed and loosened by a waste crushing device. Sorting of the waste can be smoothly performed by the sorting device, and the sorting accuracy can be improved by the sorting device.

Further, the waste is vacuum-transported in the form of garbage, the bag of the garbage is broken by the bag breaking device, and the waste in the bag is released and sorted by the sorting device. In addition, the waste can be smoothly sorted by the sorting device, and the sorting accuracy can be improved by the sorting device.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a configuration of a vacuum waste transport treatment apparatus according to claim 2;

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a configuration of a waste disentangling device.

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing a configuration of a waste disentangling device.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a waste disentangling device.

FIG. 5 is a side sectional view showing a configuration of a cullet removing unit.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a configuration of a vacuum waste transport treatment apparatus according to claim 4.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crushing apparatus 2 Vacuum transport pipe 3 Storage / discharge apparatus 5 Waste disentangling apparatus 10 Sorting apparatus 30 Bag breaking apparatus

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A crushing step of crushing collected waste into a predetermined size, a transporting step of vacuum transporting the crushed waste in the crushing step, and a detangling of the waste transported in the transporting step. A vacuum transport treatment method for waste, comprising: a process; and a sorting process for sorting waste unraveled in the unraveling process into combustibles and incombustibles. 2. A crushing device for crushing collected waste,
Vacuum transportation means for transporting the waste crushed by the crushing device by vacuum transportation, storage / discharge device for temporarily storing the waste transported by the vacuum transportation means, and appropriately discharging the waste, and discharge from the storage / discharge device. A waste vacuum transport treatment device comprising: a waste disentangling device that disentangles waste; and a sorting device that separates the waste disentangled by the waste disentangling device into combustible and non-combustible materials. 3. A transportation step of vacuum transporting the collected waste in the form of garbage, breaking the bags of the garbage transported in the transportation step, and breaking up the waste in the bags. A waste vacuum transportation method, comprising: a process; and a sorting process of sorting waste unraveled in the bag breaking process into combustibles and incombustibles. 4. A vacuum transport means for vacuum-transporting collected waste in the form of bag waste, a storage / discharge device for temporarily storing and appropriately discharging bag waste transported by the vacuum transport means, and a storage / discharge device. A bag-breaking device that breaks the bags of the discharged garbage and unravels the waste in the bags, and a sorting device that sorts the waste unraveled by the bag-breaking device into combustibles and incombustibles. Waste vacuum transport treatment equipment comprising: