JPH11341905A - Seeder - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve seeding accuracy by accurately detecting a prescribed number of seed grains taken out of a seed hopper and conveyed with conveying members. SOLUTION: This seeder is equipped with each seed sensor 35 for detecting a prescribed number of seed grains moving in each of seed conveying members 6 in the seeder designed to pneumatically convey the seeds in a seed hopper 4 through the plural seed conveying members 6 to the upper part of seeding positions.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a process prior to grafting of vegetable seedlings such as cucumber or pumpkin,
The present invention relates to a sowing apparatus in which the flat seeds are aligned and sown so that the cotyledons of the seedlings are aligned in a substantially constant direction.

[0002]

Conventionally, a seed bed is rushed from below into a seed hopper, and one seed to be taken out at the upper end of the seed stand is sown above a seeding position by an air flow in a conveying member such as a pipe. If two or more seeds are adsorbed on the upper end of the seeding table, two or more seeds are simultaneously transferred by the transfer member, and one seed is seeded per pot on the seeding tray. However, there is a drawback that the seeding accuracy is extremely deteriorated because two or more seeds are seeded per pot.

[0003]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention provides a seeding apparatus that pneumatically conveys seeds in a seed hopper to a position above a seeding position via a plurality of seed conveying members.
A seed sensor for detecting a predetermined number of seeds moving in each seed conveying member is provided, and the conveyance of a predetermined number of seeds such as one seed is surely detected by the seed sensor. The present invention enables accurate sowing for every predetermined number of grains, and improves sowing accuracy.

[0004] In addition, the seeding accuracy is improved by a simple configuration in which the various child transport members are transparent, the seed sensor is formed by a photoelectric sensor, and the photoelectric sensor is installed outside the transport member.

Further, when the various child sensors detect a number of seeds other than a predetermined number, seeding by the corresponding conveying member is provided so that the seeds can be reliably transferred without occurrence of stock deficiency or the like by the respective conveying members. To improve the sowing accuracy by always allowing accurate sowing of a predetermined number of grains per pot.

[0006]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of the seeding apparatus, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the same. For example, the seeding apparatus (3) is arranged on a seeding conveyor (2) that conveys a tray (1) having a pot of 8 × 16 holes. The seeding device (3) is provided with a seed hopper (4) for storing flat seeds (A) such as cucumber or pumpkin, and a single seed (A) adsorbed from the hopper (4) to a certain height. Eight horizontal rows of seed beds (5) to be raised and seeds (A) at the upper end of the seed bed (5) to be raised to a certain height are sucked by a blowing pressure (negative pressure) from a blower and conveyed to a seeding position. An inverted U-shaped transfer pipe (6), which is a seed transfer member, and a sowing guide (7) disposed at a position below the outlet of the transfer pipe (6) to feed the seed (A) from the pipe (6). And a seeding shutter (8) for opening and closing the lower end opening of the seeding guide (7). As shown in FIG. 7, a seeding groove having a V-shaped side view is provided on the surface of the soil (B) which is disposed in front of the seeding shutter (8) and is filled in each pot (1a) of the seeding tray (1). (C), which is released from the seeding guide (7) onto the seeding groove (C) formed by the pressure-reducing tool (9) when the shutter (8) is opened. The seeds (A) are configured to drop and sow.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, the seed hopper (4) has a V-shaped cross section from the side and the front, and the upper and lower openings (10) and (11) are viewed in plan. While being formed in a rectangular shape, the lower opening (11) is provided with a chevron-shaped partition plate (12) in a front view, and openings (11a) corresponding to the various pedestals (5) are formed between the partition plates (12) and the hopper ( 4) It is formed between the side plate and the partition plate (12). The lower end of each of the various cylindrical pedestals (5) having the air flow holes (13) penetrating the center thereof is fixed upright to the connecting frame (14), and the seeding frame (1) of the seeding device (3) is fixed.
The lower end of the seed stand (5) is connected and supported at the tip of a piston rod (17) of a seed lifting cylinder (16) fixed to 5) via a connecting frame (14), and the hopper (4)
The seed stage (5) is configured to be vertically movable through the lower opening (11a).

An O-ring (1) is provided at the upper end of the seed stand (5).
8) through which the seed suction nozzle (19) is detachably fitted. The flat portion (19a) at the center of the conical surface of the upper end of the nozzle (19) has a small diameter (about 0.5 to 1 mm), the lower part of the flow hole (13) is connected to a suction device such as a vacuum pump, a compressor or a blower through a hose (21a) or the like through a hose (21a) or the like. According to (16), when the height of the seed stand (5) rises by a certain height, the seeds of each grain are sucked into the suction holes (20) of the nozzles (19) and lifted. Then, the suction hole (20) is easily replaced with a nozzle (19) having a different hole diameter, and the nozzle (19) of the suction hole (20) corresponding to the type and shape of the seed (A) is used. The nozzle (19) is configured to improve the accuracy of single-particle suction.

Further, at a position above the seed hopper (5),
A seed suction body (24) integrally forming the air ejector (22) and the air blow section (23) is provided, and the inlet side of each of the eight transport pipes (6) is connected to the suction body (24) by a bolt (2).
The suction body (24) is detachably connected to the suction cylinder (5) through the suction cylinder (2) corresponding to each of the bases (5).
6) are respectively provided at the lower portions, and the air ejection holes (2) which are the downwardly inclined air ejection portions formed at the lower portion of the suction tube (26).
7) forming an air blow portion (23),
An upwardly inclined air ejection hole (28) formed in the upper part of the suction tube (26), a tapered surface (29a) of an air flow passage (29) of the suction body (24) along the ejection hole (28), (2
The ejector (22) is formed with the inner diameter passage (30) of 6). Each of the ejection holes (27) and (28) is connected to a compressor or a blower through hoses (21b) (21c) or the like so that the suction holes (20) of the nozzle (19) are raised when the seed stand (5) is raised. ) Is blown from the air blow unit (23) to the seeds (A) adsorbed on the air blow unit, so that seeds other than adsorbed are blown off and dropped, and the air blow of the air blow unit (23) is stopped. In the state where the suction of (20) is stopped, the ejector (2)
In 2), when a suction flow due to a negative pressure is generated in the inner diameter passage (30) of the suction cylinder (26) by the jet flow from the jet hole (28), the seed (A) on the upper surface of the nozzle (19) is sucked. It is configured so that it is sucked by the stream and transported by air stream to the seeding position.

In addition, the air ejection holes (27) and (28) are provided at, for example, three places (120 ° intervals) on the outer circumference of the suction tube (26), and the diameters and ejection holes of the ejection holes (27) and (28) are provided. The suction cylinder (26) having a different direction (angle) can be freely fitted and fixed to the suction body (24) to perform air ejection appropriate for the type and shape of the seed (A). doing. In addition, the ejection direction (angle) of the ejection holes (27) and (28)
In addition to the replacement of the suction cylinder (26) having a different hole diameter, the ejection direction (angle) and the hole diameter of the ejection holes (27) and (28) may be directly adjustable.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the seeding guide (7) is provided below the outlet of the discharge guide (31) integrally connected to the outlet side of the transport pipe (6), and has a V-shaped upper part at the seed input hole. When the shutter (8) closes the lower side of the input hole (32) with the shutter opening / closing cylinder (33), the seed (A) from the transport pipe (6) is inserted into the input hole (32). When the shutter (8) stays on the shutter (8) and the shutter (8) is opened by the shutter opening / closing cylinder (33), the posture of the seed (A) is adjusted in the insertion hole (32) and the seed (A) is placed in the tray (1). The seeds (A) are sowed on the seeding groove (C) formed by the pressure-suppressing tool (9) when the lifting cylinder (34) of the pressure-suppressing tool (9) is lowered.

Further, the transfer pipe (6) is formed of a transparent body so that the seed (A) passing through the pipe (6) can be easily checked from the outside, and a substantially intermediate position of the transfer pipe (6). Sensor (3), which is a light-emitting / receiving photoelectric sensor that detects the seed (A) passing through the pipe (6) from outside the pipe (6)
5) are provided via the sensor stand (36) at positions corresponding to the respective pipes (6) on the seeding frame (15) near the pressure suppressor (9), and one grain of the seed (A) on the upper surface of the nozzle (19) is provided. Is sucked into the pipe (6) and transported to the seeding position,
The seed (A) is configured to be detected by a seed sensor (35). The seed sensor (35) can be adjusted to the left and right positions via an adjustment bolt (37).
6) Each is attached.

As shown in FIG. 8, an electromagnetic ascending control valve (flow control valve) (3) for adjusting the ascending speed of the seed stand (5)
8) and an electromagnetic ascending and descending switching valve (39) for controlling the ascending and descending of the seed stand (5) by a compressor (40)
And an electromagnetic air pressure / vacuum pressure switching valve (switching between air pressure and vacuum pressure fed into the air flow hole (13) of the seed stand (5)) between the air pressure circuit of the lift cylinder (16) and 41) and an electromagnetic pneumatic and vacuum pressure adjusting valve (42) (4) for adjusting the air pressure and the vacuum pressure, respectively.
3) is interposed between the connection circuit between the seed stand (5) and the compressor (40) and the vacuum pump (44), and is ejected from the air ejection holes (27) and (28) of the suction body (24). An electromagnetic air blow and ejector air pressure adjusting valve (45) (46) for adjusting air pressure, and an electromagnetic transfer air supply for switching air supplied from the compressor (40) to an air blow section (23) and an ejector (22). A switching valve (47) is interposed between the pneumatic circuits of the various suction pipes (26) and the compressor (40) to take out one seed from the seed hopper (4) to the transport pipe (6). It is configured to do so.

As shown in FIG. 9, an automatic switch (48) for automatically starting the seeding operation, and a seed bed rising speed setting device (38) of the rising control valve (38) for setting the rising speed of the seed bed (5). 49) and the nozzle (1) of the seed table (5).
9) The air suction pressure and air pressure setting device (5) of the regulating valves (43) and (42) for adjusting the air suction pressure and the air air pressure.
0) and (51), and the air pressure regulating valves (45) and (4) for setting the air ejection pressure from the air ejection holes (27) and (28).
6) Air blow pressure and ejector pressure setting device (52) (5)
3) and an air blow and ejector operation time setting device (54) (55) for adjusting the operation time of the air pressure regulating valves (45) and (46) to adjust the air ejection time from the air ejection holes (27) and (28). ) And the seed sensor (35) are connected to a controller (56), and the seed stage raising control valve (38) and the raising and lowering switching valve (39), the pneumatic and vacuum pressure switching valve (41) are provided. The controller (56) is connected to the air pressure and vacuum pressure regulating valves (42) and (43), the air blow and ejector air pressure regulating valves (45) and (46), and the alarm device (57). ), One grain of the seed (A) is adsorbed to the upper end of the nozzle (19) of the ascending seed stand (5) and taken out from the hopper (4), and then the suction force of the ejector (22) is applied to the transport pipe (6). Until it is sucked and transported. Constitute a series of work to be performed automatically.

An electromagnetic air on-off valve (58) for stopping the supply of air to each ejector (22) is provided between the air pressure adjusting valve (46) and the air pressure circuit of each suction cylinder (26). An on-off valve (58) is connected to the controller (56) so that the seed (A) can be sucked only by the necessary pipe (26).

As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, when the automatic switch (48) is turned on to perform the automatic sorting and sowing work of the seeds (A), the setting devices (49) to
By (55), each setting of the ascending speed of the seed stand (5), the air suction pressure and the blow-out pressure of the seed stand (5), the air blow pressure and the ejector pressure of the transport pipe (6), and the air blow and ejector operating time is performed. At the same time, when the upper end surface of the nozzle (19) is at the lowest position (1 in FIG. 13) of the seed stand (5), which is substantially coincident with the bottom of the hopper (4) after the setting, the upper and lower middle heights in the hopper (4) After raising the seed table (5) to the position (2 in FIG. 13), the seed table (5) is lowered (3 in FIG. 13) to the lowest position, and the seed table (5) is further moved to the hopper (4). Rises to approximately the middle height position in the vertical direction (4 in FIG. 13)
After that, it is lowered again to the lowest position (5 in FIG. 13).
At the time of this descending, the flow hole (13) of the seed stand (5) is brought into a vacuum suction state to adsorb one seed (A) into the suction hole (20) of the nozzle (19). The seed (A) to be adsorbed on the upper end of the nozzle (19) is moved up to the uppermost position (6 in FIG. 13) so as to approach the lower end of the suction tube (26) (the number of repetitions of ascending and descending is 2 More than once). As described above, the seed (A) in the hopper (4) is stirred by repeating a certain amount of lowering and raising and lowering operations while raising the seed stand (5) from the lowermost position to the uppermost position, The fluidity of the seed (A) is improved and the accuracy of adsorption of one seed (A) to the nozzle (19) is improved. The seed is provided by installing a vibrator or the like in the hopper (4) as necessary. (A) can prevent the bridge phenomenon occurring between them, and can further improve the suction accuracy.

When the seed stand (5) rises to the uppermost position, air of a predetermined pressure is supplied from the nozzle (27) of the air blow section (23) for a predetermined time to the nozzle (1).
It is blasted (air blown) toward the seed (A) of 9),
One or less grains adsorbed by the nozzle (19) are blown off to suck and hold only one seed (A) at the upper end of the nozzle (19), and then the suction of the seed (A) is turned off (vacuum suction is stopped).
When air of a predetermined pressure is ejected from the ejection hole (28) of the ejector (22) for a certain period of time, the seed (A) at the upper end of the nozzle (19) is drawn by the negative pressure suction generated by the ejector (22).
Is sucked into the pipe (6), and is surely transported to the seeding position at the other end of the pipe (6) by pneumatic force. At the time of suction of the seed (A) by the negative pressure suction force from the ejector (22), The air is blown out from the suction hole (20) of the nozzle (19) for a certain period of time so that the seed (A) is introduced into the pipe (6).
Is further promoted.

Further, one seed (A) is contained in the pipe (6).
After the seeds are sucked, the seed table (5) is lowered to the lowermost position, and the seeds (A) sucked into the pipe (6) are moved to the seeding position while the seed sensor (3) is moved.
5), the seed (A) is detected. When one seed is detected, the seeding operation is continued as it is, and the seed (A) is released to the input hole (32) of the seeding guide (7). One pot (1a) by opening the shutter (8)
Each time, one seed (A) is sown.

On the other hand, when the seed (A) is not detected by the seed sensor (35), the seed (A) is re-sucked only by the pipe (6) in the absence state. When one seed (A) is adsorbed to the nozzle (19) of the seed stand (5) at the lowered position (5 in FIG. 13) and the seed stand (5) is again raised to the uppermost position as described above (FIG. 13-6), open / close valve (5
Only 7) is opened, and the seed (A) is sucked only into this pipe (6) by the negative suction force of the air ejected from the ejection hole (28) of the ejector (22) in a lacking state to the seeding position. It is to be transported to prevent stock-out.

[0020] The seed sensor (35)
When the seeds (A) are detected, the alarm device (57) is activated to notify the worker of the detection and interrupt the seeding operation.

Note that the alarm device (5
7) may be operated. When any one of the transport members (6) is in a stock-out state,
The seeding operation by the transport member (6) is interrupted, the seed (A) is sucked only into the transport member (6), and the seeding operation by each transport member (6) is continued again. .

[0022]

As is apparent from the above embodiments, according to the present invention, the seed (A) in the seed hopper (4) is pneumatically conveyed to a position above the seeding position via a plurality of seed conveying members (6). In the seeding apparatus, a seed sensor (3) for detecting a predetermined number of seeds (A) moving in the various child transport members (6).
Since each of the above 5) is provided, it is possible to reliably detect the conveyance of a seed having a predetermined number of grains, such as one grain, and to enable accurate sowing of a predetermined number of grains for each pot of a sowing tray,
The seeding accuracy can be improved.

Also, the various child transport members (6) are made transparent,
Since the seed sensor (35) is formed by a photoelectric sensor, the sowing accuracy can be improved by a simple configuration in which the photoelectric sensor is simply installed outside the transport member (6).

Further, when the various child sensors (35) detect a number other than the predetermined number of seeds of the seed (A), the seeding by the corresponding transport member (6) is interrupted. The seed (A) is reliably transported without occurrence of lack of stock and the like, so that the seeding of a predetermined number of grains per pot can be always performed accurately, so that the seeding accuracy can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a sowing apparatus.

FIG. 2 is a front view of the seeding device.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of seed removal by a seed hopper.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory sectional view of a seed hopper.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of an ejector and an air blow unit.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a sowing unit.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a seeding shutter.

FIG. 8 is a pneumatic system diagram.

FIG. 9 is a control circuit diagram.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart of seed suction control.

FIG. 11 is an explanatory view of the reciprocation of the seed table.

[Explanation of symbols]

 (4) Seed hopper (6) Conveying pipe (conveying member) (35) Seed sensor (A) Seed

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Tadashi Ueyama 5-3-1, Tsukaguchi Honcho, Amagasaki City Inside Showa Seiki Kogyo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Toshio Hashimoto 5-3-1, Tsukaguchi Honmachi, Amagasaki City No.Showa Seiki Industrial Co., Ltd.

Claims (3)

[Claims] In a sowing apparatus configured to convey seeds in a seed hopper by pneumatic conveyance to a seeding position above a plurality of seed conveying members, a seed for detecting a predetermined number of seeds moving in various child conveying members. A seeding device comprising a sensor. 2. The seeding apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each seed transport member is transparent and the seed sensor is formed by a photoelectric sensor. 3. The sowing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein when each seed sensor detects a number of seeds other than a predetermined number, sowing by the corresponding transport member is interrupted.