JPH11336099A - Construction method of basement - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To build a basement for a residence, an office, etc. having excellent waterproofness. SOLUTION: Waterproof sheets 7 are left as they are attached on the insides of continuous walls at the time of preparation of the continuous walls, a ground surrounded by the continuous walls 4 is excavated up to specified depth after the curing of the continuous walls, and concrete is placed onto a basement bottom slab 6 connected to the continuous walls 4. A waterproof sheet 17 for a floor is spread all over a bottom-slab concrete surface, the wall and wall reentrant-angle sections and floor and wall reentrant-angle sections of the waterproof sheet are welded after the curing of basement bottom-slab concrete and an integral box type internal waterproof layer is formed, and a finishing material is built while interposing a foundation material onto a waterproof-sheet surface, thus constructing the basement 10. The waterproof sheets 7, 17 consist of a synthetic-rubber sheet, in which a large number of projections anchored onto a concrete layer are molded integrally onto one surface. Ring-shaped or discoidal spacers protecting the projecting sections of the waterproof sheet and controlling concrete cover are disposed at the specified places of wall and bottom-slab bar arrangement.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for constructing a basement in a general house or store on a lower floor, and more particularly to a method for constructing a basement having excellent waterproofness.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, basements for housing are made of concrete.
There are steel etc., but most of them are dug down to a predetermined depth around the basement to be built before installation, cast a foundation, build a basement on it, and finally bury the soil again, so-called It requires a large work area because of the open construction method. Also, in places where the slope of the open method cannot be taken, such as in urban areas, the steel sheet pile is driven into the ground and piers are dug down, and then the basement is constructed and the steel sheet pile is pulled out after completion. In addition to the construction costs, the construction and construction of steel sheet piles are not only problematic, but also have a negative impact on neighbors due to the noise caused by the vibration. Therefore, at present, in the construction of a basement in a narrow area with a high land price in an urban area, only the box culvert type made of concrete with its own weight is the only one that uses the Izutsu subsidence method. Only small items can be handled due to transportation to the site.

[0003]

Most of the metropolises, particularly high-priced urban areas, have been developed in the delta area where the ground is low, but there are many places where the groundwater level is high and the water springs up everywhere. At present, there is a great demand for basements in such high land prices. When a basement is constructed in a place where the groundwater level is high, a force equivalent to the weight of water in the area surrounded by the bottom slab and the side walls acts on the basement as a buoyancy by the groundwater to lift the basement. In order to install a basement safely against buoyancy, it is necessary to make the basement's own weight heavier than buoyancy. In this case, at present,
The cost is high because the concrete thickness and weight of the side wall of the basement and the bottom slab are increased to cope with it. Nevertheless, the occurrence of slight cracks or the like causes water infiltration, losing waterproofness, absorbing moisture, and causing a problem in comfort and the like. In addition, even if the outside waterproofing treatment is performed in the presence of groundwater, water leakage, which is a weak point made of concrete, occurs, and there is a possibility that the nearby ground will fluctuate with construction. The present invention provides a general housing, a store, and a basement wall, by forming an inner box-shaped inner waterproof layer with a waterproof sheet on the inner surface of a bottom plate.
An object of the present invention is to provide a method of constructing a basement with excellent waterproofness that can be applied to buildings such as offices.

[0004]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a first aspect of the present invention is to provide a basement for building a basement in a general house, a store, or the like, which has a predetermined depth for forming a continuous wall over a required range. The trench is excavated and filled with a stabilizing solution to stabilize the trench wall; after completion of the excavation, a waterproof sheet disposed on the reinforcing rod cage portion corresponding to the inner surface side of the connecting wall anchors in the trench within the connecting wall thickness. Reinforced concrete cages are inserted into the underground by replacing concrete with a stabilizing solution from the trench bottom to form a reinforced concrete continuous wall in the ground; After excavating the ground to a predetermined depth, a basement slab concrete to be connected to the connecting wall is poured; furthermore, a waterproof sheet is laid on the concrete surface of the basement, and the indoor side of the connecting wall and the basement slab is placed on the indoor side. Is the construction method of the basement, characterized in that the writing Ken was raised material.

According to a second aspect of the invention, after the basement slab concrete is hardened, the walls and corners of the waterproof sheet and the corners of the floor and walls are welded to form an integral box-shaped inner waterproof layer. It is characterized in that a finishing material and a decorative board are built with a base material or a base block interposed therebetween. Claim 3
The waterproof sheet is a synthetic rubber or plastic sheet formed by integrally molding a large number of protrusions on one surface. It is characterized by disposing a ring-shaped or disk-shaped spacer for regulation.

[0006]

According to the present invention, the basement is connected to the connecting wall after excavating the ground surrounded by the connecting wall to a predetermined depth after the hardening of the connecting wall, while the waterproofing sheet is left attached to the inside of the connecting wall when forming the connecting wall. Pour the bottom slab concrete. The same waterproofing sheet for the floor is laid with many protrusions embedded in the bottom slab concrete surface, and after the basement slab concrete has hardened, the waterproof sheet wall / wall corner and the floor / wall corner are welded together to form an integrated box. By forming a waterproof layer in the shape of a box, and then laying a finishing material on the waterproof sheet surface with a base material in between, a waterproof layer in the form of a box is formed on the inner wall surface. A basement can be constructed for use.

[0007]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The present invention uses a large number of reinforced cage units manufactured in a factory, drops them into trenches that have been excavated in advance to form a continuous underground wall, and then removes the ground surrounded by the continuous underground wall. Excavation is used to build a basement. That is, the waterproof sheet is left attached to the inside of the continuous wall when the continuous wall is formed, and after the hardened continuous wall, the ground surrounded by the continuous wall is excavated to a predetermined depth, and then the basement concrete slab connected to the continuous wall is poured. I do. Spread the waterproof sheet on the bottom slab concrete surface, and after hardening the basement floor slab concrete, weld the waterproof sheet wall / wall corner and floor / wall corner to form an integral box-shaped inner waterproof layer, then waterproof. By embedding a finishing material on the sheet surface with a base material interposed therebetween, it is possible to construct a basement room for a house, an office or the like having excellent waterproofness. If there is unevenness in the bottom slab concrete surface, fix the bottom slab concrete by applying seeder concrete or mortar before spreading the waterproof sheet, or spread the waterproof sheet before hardening the bottom slab concrete, and then place the seeder concrete on the upper surface of the sheet. Or mortar construction and leveling.

In addition, after the basement slab concrete has hardened, the walls and corners of the waterproof sheet and the corners of the floor and walls are welded to form an inner box-shaped inner waterproof layer, and then a base material or Finishing material or decorative board is laid with the base block interposed. Further, the waterproof sheet is a synthetic rubber sheet or a plastic sheet in which a large number of protrusions are integrally formed on one side, and at predetermined positions of the wall reinforcing bar, the protrusions of the waterproof sheet are protected, and the wall concrete covering is regulated. A disk-shaped spacer is arranged.

Next, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view showing a state where a reinforcing bar cage unit is inserted into a trench. A trench 2 having a predetermined depth is filled in a ground area 1 in which a basement is to be built, over a required range with a stable liquid.
Is excavated, and a reinforced cage unit for connecting walls is inserted into the trench. As will be described later, the reinforcing bar cage unit includes the reinforcing bar cage 3 and a waterproof sheet 7 locked at a position corresponding to the inner surface side of the continuous wall. In addition, in the figure, 5 is a rooting part, 6 is a basement floor version.

FIG. 2 shows that concrete is poured into the trench 2 from the bottom of the trench while replacing it with a stabilizing liquid containing bentonite as a main material, the reinforced concrete continuous wall 4 is constructed in the ground, and then the basement concrete is poured. Indicates the status.
Reinforcing cage unit consists of vertical main bar 11, distribution bar 12, width stop bar 1.
3 and a waterproof sheet 7 fixed to a reinforcing basket portion corresponding to the inner surface side of the connecting wall 4. The waterproof sheet 7 has a number of protrusions 8 anchored within the connecting wall thickness. It has. The rebar basket 3 is formed by assembling and joining the vertical main bar 11, the distribution bar 12, and the like. The waterproof sheet 7 is not attached over the entire height of the rebar basket 3, but is attached over the height serving as the side wall of the basement, about 3 m in this example. In addition, the waterproof sheet 7 is locked to the rebar basket portion by using a binding material (not shown) at the projection 8 portion.

By dropping and inserting the plurality of reinforcing bars 3 and 3, the reinforcing bars are placed side by side over the entire trench 2 so that the concrete is replaced with a stable liquid from the bottom of the trench 2 by a not-shown tremy tube. The reinforced concrete connecting wall 4 is constructed underground. FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the continuous wall. In the figure, reference numeral 14 denotes a ring-shaped or disk-shaped spacer attached to a predetermined position of a wall reinforcing bar, which protects a protruding portion of a waterproof sheet and regulates wall concrete cover. Is what you do.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the waterproof sheet. The waterproof sheet 7 is made of a hard synthetic rubber or plastic sheet having a thickness of 2 mm, and has a large number of protrusions 8 integrally formed on one surface thereof. The protrusion 8 has a diameter of 8 mm and a height of 10 mm and is 35 m.
Projections are formed in a zigzag pattern with m pitches. This bump 8
Has a slightly overhanging flange at the top outer edge, which is anchored in the concrete layer so that it does not peel off under high water pressure.

After the continuous wall is cured, each protrusion 8 of the waterproof sheet 7 is buried inside the continuous wall. After excavating the ground 1 to a predetermined depth except for the root portion 5 of the ground 1 surrounded by the continuous wall 4, the basement slab concrete is poured and the floor waterproof sheet 17 is spread, and after the basement slab concrete hardens, the waterproof sheet 7 is hardened. , 17 of the wall / walled corner 22 and the floor / walled corner 23 are welded to form an integral box-shaped inner waterproof layer, which is then fixed to the waterproof sheet surface in a discontinuous or partially discontinuous state. The finishing material 19 is erected through the base material 18 thus completed. The ground surrounded by the continuous wall 4 is to be excavated by an excavator to a predetermined depth (for example, 3 m). Before that, a beam 15 (FIG. 2) is pre-cast on the upper peripheral edge of the continuous wall 4. The beam 15 is connected and installed with the reinforcing bar at the upper part of the connecting wall. The foundation 16 of the building is constructed on the upper part of the connecting wall. After that, the above-ground wood work starts and the underground interior work starts. In this way, a basement 10 for a house having a predetermined size is constructed.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view of a joint portion of the waterproof sheet 7. The ends of the waterproof sheets 7, 7 are, for example, 30 to
The overlapped portion (seam portion) 20 is formed by overlapping by 40 mm, and a weld (welding) pile 21 made of a material of the same quality as the waterproof sheet or a plastic such as polyethylene is applied and connected. When cracks occur on the wall, they are repaired using a quick setting agent. The wall / wall corner 22 is welded at the corner as shown in FIG. 6, and the wall / floor corner 23 is welded at the corner as shown in FIG. After the floor waterproof sheet 17 is spread over the bottom plate 6, a fixing tool 24 is driven into a predetermined place, and a weld pile 25 is applied to the head thereof to be fixed.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a wall structure when the underground wall is of a ventilation type. In the illustrated example, a hole 32 for air circulation is opened in the finishing material 19 near the corner 23 with the wall / floor. A plurality of air circulation holes are provided above the wall and at other necessary places, but they are not shown.
Since the finishing material 19 is installed via the base material 18 fixed to the surface of the waterproof sheet in a discontinuous or partially discontinuous state, the air in the basement 10 is finished with the waterproof sheet 7 through the air circulation holes 32. The air enters the gap formed by the material 19 and circulates the space air, thereby removing moisture and exhibiting the effect of preventing dew condensation and heat insulation. In addition, it is also possible to embed a finishing material using a GL method in which a core base having an uneven stripe on the back surface is fixed with an adhesive.

Next, an example of construction of the basement floor slab 6 in a spring area will be described with reference to FIG. After the inside of the bottom slab area surrounded by the continuous wall 4 is excavated, after curing the inside of the area, the bottom slab concrete is poured. First, crushed stone 2
6 and spread it moderately, then add water: water glass solution 1:
A mixture of water glass and blast-furnace cement (or ordinary cement) diluted to 1 in a weight ratio of 2: 1 is uniformly sprayed on the bottom plate forming surface at about 1 to 5 kg or more per square meter. This is left for several minutes to about 10 minutes to be solidified to form a base 27. The bottom slab arrangement 29 is arranged thereon, and the bottom slab concrete having a predetermined thickness is cast and the waterproof sheet 17 having a large number of protrusions 8 is spread. If the bottom plate has irregularities, the mortar 30 fixes the plane of the bottom plate 6. Waterproof sheet 1
Each protrusion 8 of 7 is embedded and anchored in the layer on the bottom slab side, like the wall surface. The corner 23 between the bottom slab 6 and the inside of the continuous wall 4 is connected to the bottom slab side waterproof sheet 17 as described above.
And the edges of the inner wall waterproof sheet 7 are welded together to completely waterproof the corners. In addition, when there is unevenness on the bottom slab concrete surface, not only fix the flat surface of the bottom slab concrete by seeder concrete or mortar construction before spreading the waterproof sheet, but also spread the waterproof sheet before the hardening of the bottom slab concrete, The seeder concrete or mortar may be applied to perform the flattening.

[0017]

As described above, according to the present invention, when forming a continuous wall, a waterproof sheet is left attached to the inside of the continuous wall, and after the hardening of the continuous wall, the ground surrounded by the continuous wall is excavated to a predetermined depth. After that, the basement floor slab concrete to be connected to the connecting wall is cast, and the same waterproof sheet is spread on the bottom slab concrete surface,
By welding the waterproof sheet wall / wall corner and the floor / wall corner to form an integral box-shaped waterproof layer, and then installing a finishing material on the waterproof sheet surface with a base material interposed, It is possible to construct a basement for housing, office, etc. having excellent waterproofness. In addition, the wall / wall corner and the floor / wall corner are welded to form an integral box-shaped waterproof layer, and then a finishing material or a decorative board is provided on the indoor surface of the waterproof sheet by interposing a base material or a base block. Since it is built, an inner box-shaped inner waterproof layer is formed, and a basement with excellent waterproofness can be constructed. The waterproof sheet is a synthetic rubber or plastic sheet formed by integrally molding a large number of protrusions on one side, and a ring that protects the protrusion of the waterproof sheet and regulates concrete covering at predetermined positions on the walls and the bottom plate reinforcing bars. Since the shape-like or disk-like spacers are arranged, it is possible to reliably hold the wall concrete cover.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 shows one embodiment of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional view in a state where a reinforcing bar cage unit is inserted into a trench.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a state in which a basement floor slab concrete is cast after a reinforced concrete continuous wall is constructed in the ground.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view of a continuous wall.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a waterproof sheet.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged plan view of a joint portion of the waterproof sheet.

FIG. 6 is an enlarged plan view of a wall or a corner with a wall.

FIG. 7 is an enlarged side view of a corner including a wall and a floor. It is sectional drawing which shows the example of construction of the basement floor slab in a spring area.

FIG. 8 is an enlarged side view of a corner at the wall / floor where a hole for air circulation is opened. It is sectional drawing which shows the wall structure at the time of making a basement wall a ventilation type.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Ground 2 Trench 3 Rebar cage 4 Connecting wall 5 Root portion 6 Basement floor 7, 17 Waterproof sheet 8 Convex 10 Basement room 11 Reinforcing bar main bar 12 Distribution bar 13 Width stop bar 14 Spacer 15 Beam 16 Foundation 18 Base material 19 Finish Material 20 Overlapping part 21, 25 Welding pile 22 Wall / wall corner 23 Wall / floor corner 24 Fixture 26 Crushed stone 27 Substrate 29 Bottom plate reinforcement 30 Mortar 32 Ventilation hole

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A trench having a predetermined depth is excavated in a ground area where a basement is to be constructed in a general house, a store, or the like, in order to construct a continuous wall over a required range, and a stabilizing liquid is filled to stabilize the trench wall. After completion of the excavation, a rebar cage having a number of protrusions into which a waterproof sheet disposed on a rebar basket portion corresponding to the inner surface side of the connecting wall is anchored in the connecting wall thickness is inserted into the trench; A concrete reinforced concrete wall is constructed in the ground by placing concrete while displacing the stable liquid from the bottom; after the wall is hardened, the ground surrounded by the wall is excavated to a predetermined depth, and then a basement connected to the continuous wall is formed. A method of constructing a basement, characterized by laying a concrete slab; laying a waterproof sheet on the concrete surface of the slab, and laying a finishing material on the indoor side of the continuous wall and the basement slab. 2. After the concrete of the basement floor slab is hardened, the wall / wall corner and the floor / wall corner of the waterproof sheet are welded to form an integral box-shaped inner waterproof layer. The construction method for a basement according to claim 1, wherein a finishing material and a decorative board are laid with the base block interposed therebetween. 3. The waterproof sheet is a synthetic rubber or plastic sheet formed by integrally molding a large number of protrusions on one surface,
3. The basement building according to claim 2, wherein a ring-shaped or disk-shaped spacer for protecting the raised portion of the waterproof sheet and controlling concrete covering is disposed at predetermined positions of the wall and the bottom plate reinforcement. Construction method.