JPH11335682A - Pre-treating device for making solid fuel from dust - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable making a dust containing water a solid fuel raw material with a little energy consumption, and in a compact facility scale by compressing the dust with a roll type compressing machine for dehydrating and then crushing with a crusher. SOLUTION: This pre-treating device for making a solid fuel from a dust, is constituted so as to dehydrate the dust with a compressing device equipped with a roll type compressing machine 20 and then crush with a crusher 30. The crusher 30 is preferably a double axial shearing type crusher having blades at the outer circumference in radial direction of a pair of rotary shafts of which axial centers are parallel and face each other. The roll type compressing machine 20 has preferably a groove and/or a hole or a plurality of protrusions on the surface part of a drum of the roll. Further, it is preferable to install a press type compressing machine as a pre-process of the roll type compressing machine, since it is possible to make the dust have a suitable shape for the roll type compressing machine and to accomplish further improvements such as the use of a small size roll type compressing machine and a treating speed. Also, it is preferable to install a dryer 31 for drying the crushed dust.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pretreatment facility for converting solid waste into solid fuel, and more particularly to a method for converting solid waste containing water into a raw material for solid fuel on a compact facility with excellent energy efficiency. The present invention relates to a pretreatment facility for converting waste into a solid fuel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Solid fuels manufactured by processing combustible materials selected from industrial waste and general waste by grinding, particle size adjustment, molding and solidification are collectively referred to as RDF (Refuse Derived Fue).
l). The RMJ method and the J-Catrel method are typical examples of RDF production methods.

FIGS. 26 and 27 show RDF manufacturing processes of the RMJ system and the J-Catrel system, respectively. The RMJ method consists of the process of crushing combustible materials → drying → crushing → forming
-The catrell method is composed of the steps of [crushing of combustibles → addition of quicklime, chemical reaction → forming → drying]. In the conventional RDF manufacturing method, including the method described above,
There were problems (1) and (2).

(1) Energy consumption problem: In converting solid waste into solid fuel, it is generally necessary to adjust the water content of solid fuel, which is a product, to about 10% or less. In the RDF manufacturing process, heavy oil and kerosene are used as heat sources during drying, and the use of RDF itself as a product is also being considered.

[0005] However, generally, water contained in garbage is 50
Because it is as high as 70%, conventional solid waste fuel conversion equipment
Waste as raw material when converted to solid fuel (hereinafter also referred to as raw material)
This requires a large-sized drying device for removing water contained in the water, and inevitably consumes a large amount of fuel in the drying device. In the case of the J-Catrel method, quick lime is mixed with a raw material, water is removed by a chemical reaction of quick lime and water, and a part of the water is evaporated by a heat of reaction during the chemical reaction to assist dehydration of the raw material. But
There was a problem that the auxiliary material cost was higher than the RMJ method.

Further, since the mixing ratio of the auxiliary raw materials is large, there is an advantage that the storage stability of the solid fuel is good, but there is a problem that the ash content in the solid fuel is large. Another method for producing RDF is disclosed in JP-A-59-215393, in which municipal household waste is crushed, divided into combustibles and non-combustibles, the wastes are separated, and vegetable wastes are dehydrated. A method of drying and forming is disclosed.

However, this method requires a large crusher, as described below, for crushing the waste before dehydration, and furthermore, when processing the humid garbage which is the object of the present invention, the crushing of the waste is difficult. There are problems such as the need for energy in the machine. In addition, if the control of the drying gas temperature and the combination of the materials to be dried are defective, for example, if paper is contained, the equipment in the lower process of the dryer and the equipment members (belts, sensors, electrical instrumentation wiring) Burns and is damaged.

(2) Problems in the production equipment: (2-1) Crusher: When refuse as a raw material or an intermediate product during the production of solid fuel (hereinafter, referred to as an intermediate product) is charged into the crusher, it is sealed. In the case of garbage or intermediate products transported by a conveyor of the formula, it is easily compressed inside the conveyor, and in many cases, garbage compressed and packed in bags is transported. However, the amount actually charged into the crusher varies greatly with time.

[0009] In this case, when a large amount of refuse or an intermediate product to be crushed is put into the crusher at one time, the crusher is overloaded, causing equipment trouble, and in addition to the crusher itself. There is a problem that a larger crusher is required in order to have a sufficient crushing capacity. (2-2) Dryer: For example, when a rotary hot air dryer is used as a dryer, it takes time to start up the equipment because the heat capacity of the burner and fan of the hot air generator and the body of the rotary drying oven is large. And there was a problem in productivity.

If the amount of dust introduced into the dryer fluctuates due to the above reasons, the load on the dryer fluctuates, making it difficult to adjust the amount of water after drying.

[0011]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and uses waste containing water as a raw material for solid fuel with a small energy consumption and a compact facility scale. It is an object of the present invention to provide a pretreatment facility for converting solid waste into solid fuel.

[0012]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a refuse compression dewatering apparatus provided with a roll type compressor 20, and a refuse crusher 30 for refuse dewatered by the compression dewatering apparatus. Is a pretreatment facility for solid fuel conversion. The first mentioned above
It is more preferable that the pretreatment facility for converting solid waste into refuse of the invention of the invention has a dryer 31 for refuse crushed by the crusher 30.

In the first aspect of the present invention, the crushing machine 30 comprises a pair of rotating cylinders (hereinafter referred to as a twin crushing machine) each having a pair of rotating cylinders having axes parallel to each other and having a projection on a radially outer peripheral surface. Roll-type crusher). Further, in the first invention, the crusher
More preferably, 30 is a twin-shaft crusher 70 having blades at the radial outer periphery of a pair of rotating shafts whose axes are parallel and opposed to each other.

In the first aspect of the present invention, in the roll-type compressor 20, the rolls 20A and 20B preferably have a groove 20a and / or a hole 20e on the surface of the body of the roll. In the first aspect,
In the roll-type compressor 20, the rolls 20A and 20B preferably have a plurality of projections 20d, 20p and 20s on the surface of the body of the roll.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a refuse compression dewatering apparatus including a press-type compressor 1 and a roll-type compressor 20 provided as a post-process of the press-type compressor 1. A pretreatment facility for converting waste into solid fuel, comprising a crusher 30 for dewatered waste. The above-mentioned pretreatment equipment for converting solid waste into solid fuel according to the second invention is characterized in that the crusher
It is more preferred to have a refuse dryer 31 crushed in 30.

In the second aspect of the present invention, the crushing machine 30 comprises a pair of rotating cylinders having both axes parallel and having a projection on a radially outer peripheral surface. Roll crusher). Further, in the second invention described above, the crusher 30
It is a biaxial shearing crusher 70 having blades on the radial outer periphery of a pair of rotating shafts whose axes are parallel and opposed to each other,
More preferred.

In the second aspect of the present invention, the press type compressor 1 includes an axially moving compression platen 3 that moves in the cylinder 2 in the axial direction of the cylinder, and a compression surface of the compression platen. It is preferable to use a press-type compressor having a compression support plate 4 having plate surfaces facing each other in parallel. In the second invention, it is preferable that the inner wall 2w at the bottom of the cylindrical body 2 of the press-type compressor 1 is inclined with respect to a horizontal plane.

In the second aspect of the present invention, in the press type compressor 1, at least one of the inner wall 2w of the cylindrical body 2, the axially movable compression platen 3, and the compression support plate 4 is formed with a groove ( 2b, 2e, 3a) and / or holes (3d, 2d, 2
It is preferred to have c). In the second aspect of the present invention, in the press-type compressor 1, the axially movable compression platen 3 and / or the compression support plate 4 are provided on a compression platen compression surface and / or a compression support plate support surface. It is preferable to have three projections 3e.

In the second aspect of the present invention, the compression supporting plate 4 may be constituted by an axially moving compression plate similar to the axially moving compression plate 3 described above. In the first and second aspects of the present invention, it is preferable that the roll-type compressor 20 and the press-type compressor 1 have a suction device 60 for drainage generated by compression.

Further, the first and second inventions described above are preferably applied to a pretreatment facility for converting waste having a water content of 40 wt% or more into solid fuel.

[0021]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail. The present inventors have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional technology, and as a result, have found that the problems of the conventional technology can be solved by the following methods (1) to (5). This has led to the present invention.

(1) The water content of the refuse is removed by a compression method. In the present invention, a roll-type compressor is used as the compressor of the compression dehydrator so that the processing speed can be improved and foreign substances such as metals can be mixed. (2) A crusher will be installed in the post-process of the compression dehydrator. In the present invention, the load on the crusher is reduced by arranging the compression dewatering device in a process preceding the crusher.

(3) A press type compressor is provided as a pre-process of the roll type compressor. By adding a press-type compressor as a pre-process of the roll-type compressor, the shape of the raw material to be supplied to the roll-type compressor is made suitable for processing by the roll-type compressor. Achieve further improvement in processing speed. In the present invention, by combining a roll-type compressor and a press-type compressor, the water content of the refuse can be reduced to 30 wt% or less.

(4) The device arrangement is changed from a compression dehydrator to a crusher →
The order of the dryer is (preferred embodiment). In order to perform the pretreatment for converting solid waste into solid fuel on a compact facility scale, the arrangement of the equipment will be in the order of compression dehydrator → crusher → dryer. (5) A twin-roll crusher or a twin-shaft crusher is additionally provided as a crusher (preferred embodiment).

As a crusher, a twin-roll crusher suitable for crushing refuse formed into a plate shape by a roll-type compressor, that is, a pair of rotary members having both axes parallel and having projections on a radially outer peripheral surface. By providing a crusher composed of a cylindrical body or a twin-screw crusher, the crushing speed can be improved and the crusher can be downsized. In the present invention, the idea is changed with respect to the conventional method, and the moisture of the refuse is removed by a compression method.

The effect of prior moisture removal during drying is illustrated.
See Figure 25. FIG. 25 shows the relationship between the moisture of the refuse after compression dehydration and the amount of heat required to dry the refuse to a moisture content of 10 wt% when the refuse is dried under the following conditions in the refuse solidification facility. It is a graph. In the figures, [WB] indicates a wet weight standard.

Waste treatment amount: 10 t / day Facility operation time: 7 h / day Initial moisture amount of waste: 70 wt% As shown in FIG. 25, waste is compressed to 70 wt.
By reducing the amount from 40% to 40% by weight, the amount of heat required for drying can be reduced by 73%, and significant energy savings can be achieved.

Hereinafter, the pretreatment facility for converting solid waste into solid fuel according to the present invention and the operation and effect associated with each component of the present invention will be described. FIG. 1 shows an example of a pretreatment facility for converting waste into solid fuel according to the first invention, and FIG. 2 shows an example of a pretreatment facility for converting waste into solid fuel according to the second invention. As shown in FIG. 1 (a), the pretreatment equipment for solid fuel conversion of refuse of the first invention (hereinafter also referred to as pretreatment equipment) includes a roll-type compressor 20 and compression dehydration by the roll-type compressor 20. It has a crusher 30 for refuse.

It is more preferable that the above-mentioned waste pretreatment equipment of the first invention has a dryer 31 for refuse crushed by the crusher 30. As shown in FIG. 2A, the pretreatment equipment for converting solid waste into refuse according to the second invention comprises a press-type compressor 1 and a roll-type compressor 20, and crushing of refuse compressed and dehydrated by these compressors. Machine 30.

It is more preferable that the above-mentioned waste pretreatment equipment of the second invention has a dryer 31 for refuse crushed by the crusher 30. [Actions and effects associated with the process sequence of water removal by the compression method → crushing → drying] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the above-described process sequence of [water removal by the compression method → crushing → drying] The following excellent effects can be obtained.

By removing the water content of the refuse physically by a compression method without depending on a drying method such as hot-air drying, energy equivalent to latent heat of water evaporation is not required. The required energy can be greatly reduced. By compressing and dewatering the refuse in the previous process of the crusher and dryer, the weight and volume of the refuse are reduced, the load on the crusher and dryer is reduced, and the crusher and dryer can be downsized. Become.

By compressing and dewatering the refuse in the pre-process of the crusher and the dryer, it becomes easy to reduce the fluctuation of the weight of the refuse supplied to the crusher and the dryer per unit time. Of the crusher and the dryer can be further miniaturized. By adopting a process sequence of [moisture removal → crushing → drying] by compression, water removal of refuse by compression before crushing, improvement of crushing speed by high density, reduction of diameter of garbage to be dried accompanying this, The dewatering speed of the refuse to be treated by the drying device is increased, and the size of the dryer can be further reduced.

[Action and Effect Associated with Arrangement of Roll Type Compressor:] The compression dewatering machine in the first and second inventions (both inventions are hereinafter also referred to as the present invention) includes shafts of both rolls. A roll-type compressor composed of at least a pair of rolls having parallel cores is used. This is because the following excellent effects can be obtained by using the roll-type compressor as a garbage dewatering device.

The refuse can be continuously treated at a high speed, and an extremely large load can be applied to the refuse, so that the dewatering processing speed is remarkably improved, and foreign substances such as metals are mixed. Also, no failure of the dehydrator occurs. By the roll-type compressor, the shape of the refuse at the time of processing by the crusher in the subsequent step can be easily made into a shape suitable for crushing and easy to handle.

Since the equipment is extremely simple, troubles due to clogging of debris in the dehydrator can be avoided, and productivity in the solid fuel production process is improved. The throughput per unit time can be freely controlled by adjusting the rolling reduction and rotation speed of the roll. [Effects and Effects Associated with Arrangement of Press Compressor in Pre-Process of Roll Compressor] In the pretreatment equipment of the present invention, more preferably, as a pre-process of the roll compressor,
A press-type compressor is installed.

The press-type compressor is preferably a pair of moving compression plates or a press-type compressor having a moving compression plate and a compression support plate. This is by installing a press type compressor as a pre-process of the roll type compressor,
Not only the preliminary dewatering of the refuse is performed, but also the bulk density of the refuse is increased and the refuse is formed into a shape suitable for a roll-type compressor, and the processing speed in the roll-type compressor is further increased. This is because it becomes possible.

[Functions and Effects Associated with Arrangement of Twin Roll Crusher and Twin Shaft Crusher] In the pretreatment facility of the present invention described above, (1) A crusher composed of a pair of rotating cylinders that are parallel and have projections on the radially outer peripheral surface (a twin-roll crusher), or (2) a pair of rotations in which both axes are parallel and opposed to each other It is preferable to provide a twin-screw crusher having a blade on the outer periphery in the radial direction of the shaft.

This is because a twin-roll type crusher or a twin-shaft crusher is suitable for crushing refuse formed in a plate shape by a roll-type compressor in the preceding step, and has an improved crushing speed and crusher. This is because it is possible to achieve a reduction in the size of the device. Solid fuel is manufactured from the refuse treated by the pretreatment facility of the present invention through a post-treatment process such as a molding machine.

In the pretreatment equipment of the present invention,
More preferably, a magnetic separator is provided between the crusher 30 and the dryer 31 as shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and 2 (b). Further, in the pretreatment facility of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. 1 (b) and 2 (b), refuse supplied to the roll-type compressor 20 or the press-type compressor 1 removes lime or slaked lime in advance. Additives can be added to prevent generation of chlorine-based gas and the like during combustion of solid fuel.

The necessity and the amount of addition of these additives are as follows.
It can be determined according to the type of waste. The pretreatment facility of the present invention is preferably applied as a pretreatment facility for converting waste having a moisture content of 40 wt% or more into solid fuel. This is because, when the water content of the garbage to be treated is 40 wt% or more, the use of the pretreatment equipment of the present invention makes it possible to convert the conventional method into a solid fuel with excellent energy efficiency and a compact equipment scale. It is.

The following are preferably used in the present invention.
[1] Roll type compressor, [2] Press type compressor, [3] Twin roll type crusher, twin-shaft shear type crusher [4] Solid fuel for garbage using both press type and roll type compressor [5] Solid waste pre-treatment equipment with twin-screw crusher installed as a crusher, and [6] Roll compressor, press compressor and dehydrator Will be described in the order of preferred aspects of the device member.

[1] Roll type compressor: FIG. 3 (a) shows a vertical roll type compressor in a side view, and FIG. 3 (b) shows a horizontal roll type compressor in a side view. In FIG. 3 (a),
5 is waste after compression dewatering (hereinafter also referred to as compression dewatering waste),
Garbage 10 which is a raw material, 20 rolls 20A, the roll compressor composed 20B, 21 chute, 22 deflector board, f ₁ is the moving direction of the compressed dehydrated garbage 5, generated by the compression of f _L Wagomi Shows the flow direction of drained wastewater (hereinafter also referred to as compressed wastewater).

In FIG. 3B, reference numerals 23A and 23B denote conveyors, reference numeral 24 denotes a conveyor protection plate for removing dust adhered to the rolls, and other reference numerals in FIG. 3A.
Indicates the same content as. The vertical roll-type compressor shown in FIG. 3 (a) compresses and dewaters the refuse 10 supplied via the chute 21 by the rolls 20A and 20B.

The compressed dewatered refuse 5 is conveyed to the subsequent crushing step and drying step, and the compressed waste water is separated from the compressed dewatered refuse 5 by the draining plate 22 and transferred to a wastewater treatment facility.
The horizontal roll type compressor shown in FIG. 3 (b) compresses and dehydrates the refuse 10 transported by the conveyor 23A by the rolls 20A and 20B. The compressed dewatered waste 5 is conveyed by the conveyor 23B.
The wastewater is transported to the subsequent crushing step and drying step, and the compressed wastewater is transferred to a wastewater treatment facility.

In the horizontal roll-type compressor shown in FIG. 3 (b), in order to promote the drainage of the compressed dewatering refuse 5, the entire apparatus shown in FIG. It is preferable to incline so that it becomes higher as it goes in the direction. [2] Press-type compressor: FIG. 4 (a) shows a press-type compressor having a pair of cylinder axially moving compressors whose both surfaces are parallel to each other and opposed to each other (hereinafter referred to as a both-type compressor moving press-type compressor). FIG. 4 (b) is a perspective view, and FIG. 4 (b) shows a press-type compressor having an axially moving compression plate and a compression support plate whose plate surface is parallel to and opposed to the compression plate (hereinafter referred to as a one-sided compression plate moving press type compression plate). ) Is shown in a side view.

In FIG. 4 (a), 1 is a press type compressor,
2 is a cylindrical body, 3A and 3B are axially movable compression disks (hereinafter also referred to as mobile compression disks) that move in the axial direction of the cylinder, 3f is a mobile compression disk before movement, and 5 is refuse after compression and dewatering (compression and dewatering). Garbage), 6A, 6
B is a drive rod for driving the movable compression disk, f _L is the flow direction of the drainage (compressed drainage) generated by compression, and f _P is the direction of movement of the drive rods 6A and 6B.

In FIG. 4B, reference numeral 3 denotes a movable compression plate, 4 denotes a compression support plate, 4R denotes a roll for supporting the compression support plate 4 and moving the compression support plate 4, and 4r denotes a compression support plate. 4
, A drive rod 6 for driving the movable compression platen, 7A and 7B are movement devices for moving the compression support plate 4, 8A and 8B are wire ropes, 9 is a refuse supply port, f ₁ the direction of movement of the compressed dehydrated garbage 5, f ₄ is the direction of movement of the compression support plate 4, shows the direction of supplying f _W Wagomi, other reference numerals indicate the same contents as FIG. 4 (a).

In the present invention, the shape of the inner wall of the cylinder 2 in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the cylinder 2 is shown in FIG.
It is possible to adopt various shapes such as a quadrangle shown in FIG. 1, and the cross-sectional shape of the inner wall is not limited. That is, the shape of the cylindrical body in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a cylindrical container capable of holding and storing dust when the dust is compressed.

The double compression plate moving press type compressor shown in FIG. 4 (a) removes the refuse supplied into the cylindrical body 2 from the moving compression plates 3A and 3B.
For dewatering under compression. When compressing and dewatering refuse, only one of the movable compression plates 3A and 3B may be driven, and the other compression plate may be used as a compression support plate. In this case, the other one of the movable compression disks serving as the compression support disk can be used together with one of the movable compression disks as a device for moving the compressed dewatered refuse after the refuse compression to the compression dewatering refuse discharge port.

The one-sided compression platen moving press type compressor shown in FIG. 4B compresses and dehydrates the refuse supplied from the refuse supply port 9 by the movable compression platen 3 and the compression support plate 4. After the compression dehydration, the moving devices 7A and 7B of the compression support plate 4 and the wire rope
By the movement of the compression supporting board 4 by the rolls 8A and 8B and the rolls 4R and 4r, the compressed dewatering waste 5 is supplied to a crushing step and a drying step, which are post-processing steps shown below.

In FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), the compressed drainage is discharged in the direction of f _L. However, as will be described later, the movable compression plates 3, 3A, 3B, the compression support The board of board 4,
A configuration may be adopted in which a hole for drainage is appropriately provided on the wall surface of the cylindrical body 2 to drain the compressed drainage from the drainage hole. As described above, the roll-type compressor preferably used in the present invention and the press-type compressor have been described.According to the present invention, in the pre-process of the crusher and the dryer, by employing the compression dehydration method,
Not only the fuel consumption in the dryer is reduced, but also the volume occupied by the waste is reduced, and the load on the crusher and the dryer in the subsequent process is reduced, and the crusher and the dryer can be made compact.

Further, it is easy to reduce the fluctuation of the supply weight of garbage per unit time, the crusher and the dryer can have the minimum necessary capacity, and the crusher and the dryer can be made more compact. Becomes Furthermore, by arranging a roll-type compressor as a dewatering device, it is possible to continuously treat waste at a high speed, and furthermore, it is possible to apply an extremely large load to the waste. The speed of the dehydration treatment is remarkably improved, and even if foreign substances such as metal are mixed, the dehydrator does not fail.

[3] Twin-roll crusher, twin-shaft crusher: In the present invention, it is preferable to use the above-mentioned twin-roll crusher or twin-shaft crusher as the crusher. It is particularly preferable that the crusher be provided with a twin-screw crusher having a projection such as a blade on the outer periphery in the radial direction of the rotating shaft (hereinafter referred to as a twin-screw crusher with blade).

FIG. 5 is a plan view (a) and an HH arrow view (b) of an example of a twin-screw crusher with blade used in the present invention. In FIG. 5, 70 is a twin-screw crusher with a blade, 71 is a rotary blade, 72 is a cutter spacer, 73 is a bearing, 74a is a drive shaft, 74b is a driven shaft, 75 is a coupling, 76 is a spacer, and 77 is a spacer. 4 shows a rotating shaft portion to which a rotating blade and a cutter spacer are attached.

In the twin-shaft crusher with blade shown in FIG. 5, as shown in FIG. 5A, a large number of rotary blades 71 and cutter spacers 72 are provided on each of a drive shaft 74a and a driven shaft 74b. The rotary blades 71 are alternately mounted, and are mounted on the drive shaft 74a and the driven shaft 74b so as to sandwich the rotary blades 71 therebetween. Further, the rotary blade 71 rotates according to the rotation of each of the drive shaft 74a and the driven shaft 74b.

The supplied dust is caught in the gap 78 between the large number of rotary blades 71, as is clear from the state of attachment of the rotary blade 71 and the cutter spacer 72 in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b).
The powder is pulverized while passing through the gap 79 between the rotary blade 71 and the cutter spacer 72. According to the present invention, since the bulk density is increased by a roll-type compressor and supplied to the crusher in a state where the refuse is formed into a plate shape, a twin-roll crusher or a biaxial shear crusher with blades is used. By using this, it has become possible to achieve an improvement in the crushing speed and downsizing of the crusher.

[4] Pretreatment device for converting solid waste into solid fuel using both a press type compressor and a roll type compressor: FIG.
FIG. 6 is a side view showing an example of a pretreatment facility for converting waste into solid fuel using a press compressor and a roll compressor which are preferably used as a compression dewatering apparatus in the present invention.
FIG. 6B is a sectional view taken along the line AA of FIG.

The pretreatment equipment for converting solid waste into solid fuel shown in FIG. 6 is a press-type compressor having a moving compression plate and a compression support plate as a compression dewatering device, and a roll-type compressor as a post-process of the press-type compressor. Is provided. In FIG. 6, 1 is a press type compressor, 2
Is a cylindrical body, 3 is an axially movable compression plate (moving compression platen) that moves in the cylindrical body 2 in the axial direction, 3f is a movable compression plate before movement, 4 is a compression support plate, 5A, 5B, 5C and 5D are compressed dewatered waste, 6
Is a drive rod for driving the movable compression platen that drives the movable compression platen 3 in the axial direction of the cylindrical body 2, 7C is a pull-out device that pulls out the compression support disk 4 from the inside of the cylindrical body 2, 8C is a drive rod, and 9 is refuse. , A lid rotatable about a rotary shaft 11a, 12 a guide plate rotatable about a rotary shaft 12a, 13
Is a compressed drainage outlet, 14 is a compressed drainage receptacle, 20 is a roll
Roll compressor consisting of 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D and a roll rotation motor, etc., 21 is a chute, 26 is a roll compressor storage tank, and 27 is a chute for discharging falling waste onto the conveyor 32A. , 27a is a wire mesh provided on the chute 27, 30 is a crusher for compressed dewatering waste, 31 is a dryer for compressed dewatering waste, 32A, 32B, 32C is a conveyor, 40 is a compressed drainage storage tank, and 41 is a compressed drainage tank , 42A, 42B pump, 43 tank cars, f ₁ is the moving direction of the compression dewatering waste, f ₂ is the conveying direction of the waste after the crushing, f ₃ is the transport direction of the solid fuel material is a waste after drying, f _L indicates the flow direction or liquid feed direction of the compressed wastewater, and f _W indicates the supply direction of the waste.

The configuration of the press-type compressor 1 shown in FIG. 6 includes a dust supply port, a cylinder, an axially movable compression plate that can move in the cylinder in the axial direction of the cylinder, and the movable compression plate. A compression support plate that supports the compressive force by sandwiching refuse between the plate and
There is no particular limitation as long as the cylindrical body can surround both the axially movable compression disk and the compression support disk.

As shown in FIG. 7, the compression support plate 4 may be an axially movable compression plate that moves in the cylinder 2 in the axial direction of the cylinder, similarly to the axially movable compression platen 3. Good. Further, for the purpose of the present invention, as described above, various shapes such as a square shape as shown in FIG. 6 (b) are adopted as the shape of the wall surface of the cylindrical body in a cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the cylindrical body. The cross-sectional shape of the inner wall of the cylinder is not limited.

In the pretreatment facility for converting solid waste into waste as shown in FIG. 6, the waste is supplied into the cylindrical body 2 from the waste supply port 9 of the press-type compressor 1. The refuse supplied into the cylinder 2 is compressed, dehydrated, reduced in volume, and formed by the axially moving compression platen 3, the drive rod 6 and the compression support plate 4.
Next, the compression support disk 4 is pulled out of the cylindrical body 2 by the pulling-out device 7C and the driving rod 8C, and the compressed dewatered, volume-reduced and formed compressed dewatered waste 5A is moved by the axially moving compression disk 3 Roll type compressor by the action of guide plate 12
Supplied to 20.

The compressed dewatered refuse supplied to the roll-type compressor 20 is further dewatered and reduced in volume, and then supplied to the crusher 30. The compressed dewatered refuse supplied to the crusher 30 is crushed,
Dried in a dryer 31, it is conveyed in the direction of f ₃ as fuel feed solid. In addition, the compressed drain 41 is
From the wastewater treatment facility to a wastewater treatment facility.

As shown in FIG. 6, in the present invention, the inner wall 2w at the bottom of the cylindrical body 2 of the press-type compressor 1 is moved in a horizontal plane from the axially movable compression platen 3 to the compression support plate 4, for example. By inclining upward, the compressed dewatering waste 5A during dewatering and the compressed dewatering waste 5B after dewatering can be sufficiently drained, further reducing the amount of fuel required in the dryer in the subsequent process. Becomes possible.

Next, FIG. 7 shows another preferred embodiment of the pretreatment facility for converting waste into solid fuel shown in FIG. FIG.
FIG. 7A is a side view showing an example of a pretreatment facility for converting solid waste into refuse in which a compression dewatering apparatus using a press-type compressor and a roll-type compressor is used, and FIG. 7 (a) B
It is a B section sectional view.

As shown in FIG. 7, the pretreatment facility for converting solid waste into waste as shown in FIG.
This is a refuse solid fuel pretreatment facility that employs an axially moving compression plate that moves inside the cylinder 2 in the axial direction of the cylinder, like the axially moving compression platen 3. In FIG. 7, 3A and 3B are axially moving compression plates (::
6A and 6B are driving rods for driving the axially moving compression plates 3A and 3B in the axial direction of the cylinder 2, and 15a is compression dewatering refuse.
A slide-type partition plate provided at the compression dewatering waste discharge port 15 for supplying 5A to the roll-type compressor 20 outside the cylindrical body 2, a reference numeral 28 indicates a guide plate, and the other symbols are the same as those in FIG. Show.

The refuse solid fuel pretreatment facility shown in FIG. 7 has the same equipment as the crusher and dryer shown in FIG. 6 in the same process order except for the compression dehydrator. As shown in FIG.
The refuse is supplied from the supply port 9 into the cylindrical body 2. The refuse supplied into the cylindrical body 2 is compressed, dewatered, reduced in volume and formed by the axially moving compression plates 3A and 3B.

Next, after the sliding partition plate 15a is moved in the direction perpendicular to the paper of the drawing or in the upper right direction in the drawing,
The axially moving compression discs 3A and 3B are moved in the axial direction of the cylinder, which is the upper right direction in the figure, and the compressed dewatered waste 5A is discharged from the compressed dewatered waste discharge port 15 and supplied to the roll-type compressor 20. A raw material for a solid fuel is produced in the same manner as described above. In the pretreatment facility for converting solid waste into refuse shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 described above, the roll-type compressor 20 is arranged so that the moving direction f ₁ of the compressed dewatered refuse in the roll-type compressor 20 is f1. center line 20 may be arranged such that the movement direction f _p and the same direction of the drive rod in a press-type compressor 1.

Next, FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing another example of a solid waste pre-treatment facility using a press compressor and a roll compressor which are preferably used as a compression dewatering apparatus in the present invention. . In FIG. 8, 15a is a sliding partition (stopper), 80 is a member for pushing out compressed dust, 81 is a member moving device for pushing out compressed dust, 90A and 90B.
Indicates a loosening roll, and other reference numerals indicate the same contents as in FIGS.

The waste pre-treatment method by the waste pre-treatment facility shown in FIG. 8 is the same as the method shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, except that the compressed dewatered waste obtained by the roll-type compressor 20 is used. Is loosened by loosening rolls 90A and 90B and supplied to the crusher 30. This is because, depending on the method of the crusher 30, it is possible to increase the crushing speed by preliminary reducing the size of the compressed dewatered waste formed into a plate shape by the roll-type compressor 20 in advance. It is because it becomes.

As the above loosening rolls 90A and 90B, rolls having irregularities on the roll surface can be used. In the pretreatment facility for converting solid waste into fuel shown in FIG. 8, a dryer may be provided in place of the crusher 30. As described above, according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention in which a press-type compressor and a roll-type compressor are attached as a post-process of the press-type compressor as the compression dewatering device, the dewatering rate of the refuse is improved, and the crusher in the post-process is used. In addition, the shape of the refuse when treated with the dryer can be made easy to handle and suitable for crushing and drying, and the crusher and the dryer can be further miniaturized in combination with the reduction in the volume of the refuse.

In the case of treating garbage having a large amount of water, compression dewatering is performed before crushing. Therefore, individual dimensions of crushed material can be easily reduced, and the dewatering speed of garbage to be processed by a dryer can be increased. The dryer can be made more compact. [5] Pretreatment device for solid fuel conversion of refuse provided with a twin-screw crusher as a crusher: Fig. 9 shows solid fuel for refuse provided with a twin-screw crusher as a crusher in the present invention. An example of a pretreatment facility for chemical conversion is shown in a side view.

As shown in FIG. 9, the refuse 10 is
, 20B, are compressed and dewatered by a roll-type compressor 20 and formed into a plate shape.
, And crushed by the bladed twin-shaft shear crusher 70, and the crushed refuse is conveyed to the dryer 31 by the conveyor 32E. Further, as shown in FIG. 9, the roll-type compressor in the waste solid fuel conversion pretreatment facility of the present invention is provided with a backup roll 20G to reduce the load on twin rolls 20A and 20B, and It is preferable to increase the rolling force.

In the apparatus shown in FIG. 9, draining of the refuse can be promoted by inclining the axis AX of the entire roll type compressor 20 to the left by 90 degrees or more. In this case, in place of the draining plate 22, similarly to FIG. 24 described below,
Roll 20A to remove water and deposits on the roll surface
A draining roll that rotates in contact with the roll 20B may be provided.

According to the present invention, since the bulk density of the refuse is increased by the roll-type compressor and the refuse is supplied to the crusher in a state of being formed into a plate shape, the above-described twin-roll crusher or the above-described crusher is used. The use of a bladed twin-screw crusher has made it possible to improve the crushing speed and to reduce the size of the crusher. [6] Preferred Embodiments of Device Members in Roll Compressor, Press Compressor and Compression Dehydrator: Next, in the roll compressor, press compressor and compression dehydrator used as the compression dehydrator in the present invention. A preferred embodiment of the device member will be described.

[6-1] Draining method of compressed drainage: In the compression dewatering apparatus of the present invention, it is necessary to quickly drain the water squeezed out during dehydration in order to improve the dewatering rate. (a) Configuration of equipment for drainage of roll compressor;
FIG. 10 shows a configuration of an apparatus member for discharging water squeezed out in a roll-type compressor.

FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b) are perspective views showing a roll type compressor in which a groove having a drainage effect due to the nature of dust is provided on the roll surface in the circumferential direction or the axial direction. FIG.
In (a) and (b), 20A is a roll, 20a is a groove, 20b is a rotation axis of the roll, and most of the compressed drainage is discharged from the groove 20a depending on the nature of the refuse. Next, FIG. 11, FIG.
FIGS. 2 and 13 show more preferred embodiments of the roll-type compressor shown in FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b).

FIG. 11 shows a roll 20A in which grooves 20a are provided on the entire peripheral edge of the roll body in the same manner as FIG. 10 (a), and a disk-shaped projection 20d is provided on the entire circumference of the roll body in the circumferential direction. It is a perspective view which shows the roll-type compressor which combined the roll 20B provided in the periphery. That is, in the case of the roll-type compressor shown in FIG. 11, the disc-shaped projections 20d prevent the dust from moving in the roll axis direction, have the effect of increasing the compression efficiency of the dust, and reduce the compression dewatering waste in the post-process. Crushing, has the effect of cutting into a shape suitable for drying, and further, like the device described later, has the function of breaking the bagged garbage, and can perform dehydration more quickly. It has the effect of.

FIG. 12 is a side view showing a combination of rolls in which grooves 20a are provided on the entire circumferential edge of the roll body shown in FIG. 10 (a). As shown in FIG. 12, when a pair of rolls having grooves 20a provided on the entire circumferential edge of the roll body is used, the surfaces of the rolls may be close to each other over the entire surface (see FIG. 12). 12 (a)), or a structure in which a gap is formed between the surfaces of the rolls (FIG. 12 (b)).

A groove is formed on the entire circumference of the roll body in the circumferential direction.
Even when using a roll provided with 20a, it is preferable to attach flanges 29 to both ends in the axial direction of at least one of the pair of rolls. This is because dust is completely prevented from moving in the roll axis direction, and a further excellent dewatering rate can be obtained.

FIG. 13 shows the use of the laterally grooved roll 20A and the laterally grooved roll 20B having flanges 29 attached to both ends in the axial direction of FIG. 10 (b). By arranging and driving the apparatus in an inclined manner, it is possible to prevent the dust from moving in the roll axis direction and to quickly drain the water from the drain hole 20g, thereby obtaining an excellent dewatering rate.

Next, in FIG. 14, the roll is a hollow roll,
The side view of the roll-type compressor which provided the hole for drainage between the roll surface and the hollow part is shown. In FIG. 14, reference numeral 20e denotes a drain hole that penetrates the roll surface of the hollow roll and the roll hollow portion 20f, and 20g denotes a discharge hole that discharges compressed waste water discharged to the roll hollow portion 20f from the roll hollow portion to the outside. ,
The compressed drainage is discharged from the drainage hole 20e via the drainage hole 20e via the hollow portion 20f of the roll.

Next, FIG. 15 shows a more preferable embodiment of the roll-type compressor shown in FIG. FIG. 15 is a side view showing a roll-type compressor provided with a drainage suction device. Fig. 15
In the above, 20e is the roll surface of the hollow roll and the hollow portion 20f
20g is a drain hole that penetrates the axial side wall of the hollow roll, 20h is a sealing casing for suction of compressed drainage, 20i is a sliding member that seals the suction area, 20g
j ₁ and 20j ₂ are drainage pipes, 20k is an angle for supporting a casing for sealing, and 60 is a drainage suction device including a waste sedimentation tank 20l and a suction pump P accompanying wastewater.

[0083] Incidentally, the suction pump P may be provided in the path of the drain pipe 20j _2. In the case of the roll compressor shown in FIG. 15,
The compressed drainage is drained by suction under reduced pressure by the suction pump P.
From 20e, it is discharged from the drainage hole 20g via the roll hollow portion 20f, and the compression dewatering of the refuse can be performed more quickly. (b) Configuration of equipment for draining press type compressor;
16, FIG. 17, and FIG. 18 show the configuration of a device member for discharging water squeezed out in a press-type compressor.

In FIGS. 16, 17 and 18, with respect to the cylinder surrounding the movable compression plate, illustration of the cylinder plate thickness is omitted, and only the inner wall surface is shown. FIG. 16 (a) shows a side view of a press-type compressor in which drain grooves are provided on the bottom surface and the side surface of the inner wall of the cylindrical body of the cylindrical body 2, and FIG.
(a) is a view taken along the line CC.

In the press-type compressor shown in FIG. 16, the compressed drainage is discharged from drainage grooves 2b provided on the bottom and side surfaces of the inner wall 2W of the cylinder. FIG. 17 (a) shows a press-type compressor provided with a plurality of cross-shaped grooves on the dirt compression plate surface of the axially moving compression platen 3 which prevent dust from moving in the plate surface direction and also have a drainage function. FIG. 17 (b) shows a side view of
FIG. 17 (a) is a view as viewed in the direction of the arrow D-D.

In the press-type compressor shown in FIG. 17, depending on the nature of the refuse, the compressed waste water passes through a plurality of grooves 3a provided in a cross shape on the refuse compression plate surface 3b of the axially movable compression platen 3,
More water is discharged from the drain grooves 2b provided on the bottom and side surfaces of the inner wall 2W of the cylindrical body 2. FIG. 18 (a) is a side view of a press-type compressor in which a plurality of drain holes are provided on the board surface of the axially moving compression board, and FIG. 18 (b) is a sectional view taken along line E-E of FIG. 18 (a). FIG.

In the press-type compressor shown in FIG. 18, the compressed waste water is also discharged from a plurality of drain holes 3d provided on the board surfaces of the axially movable compression boards 3A and 3B. In addition, in order to prevent the drainage hole 3d from being clogged, as shown in FIG. 19, the drainage press compressor of the drainage type shown in FIG. 18 is provided on the dust compression plate surfaces of the axially movable compression plates 3A and 3B. At the position opposite to the hole 3d
It is more preferable to provide 3e.

FIG. 19A is a side view of a press-type compressor in which a plurality of drain holes and projections are provided on the surface of the axially moving compression plate, and FIG. 19B is a side view of FIG. (a) is a sectional view taken along the line FF. Further, FIG. 19 (c) shows a side view of the press-type compressor in a state in which the refuse is compressed and dewatered, the dewatered refuse is discharged, and the axially movable compression plates 3A and 3B are pressed together.

That is, in the case of the press type compressor shown in FIG. 19, when the drain hole 3d is closed by dust, the axially moving compression plates 3A and 3B are crimped together as shown in FIG. 19 (c). This allows the protrusion 3e to clean the drain hole 3d. Note that the projection 3e shown in FIG. 19 also has the function of breaking the bagged garbage, similar to the device shown in FIG. 22, which will be described later, and thus has an effect that dehydration can be performed more quickly.

Next, FIG. 20 is a side view showing a press type compressor provided with a drainage suction device. In FIG. 20, 2d
Is a drainage hole provided at the bottom of the cylindrical body 2, 2e is a drainage groove provided at the bottom of the cylindrical body 2, and 60 is a sedimentation tank for waste accompanying the drainage.
2 shows a drainage suction device composed of 2f and a suction pump P.

According to the press-type compressor shown in FIG. 20, compression dehydration can be performed more quickly by the suction device 60. [6-2] Bag-breaking method for bagged garbage; The pretreatment device for converting solid waste into garbage of the present invention also treats bagged garbage.

In this case, in order to improve the dewatering speed, it is preferable to quickly break the bagged garbage without depending on the compression force of the compression dewatering device. (a) Structure of device for breaking up refuse in a roll type compressor; FIG. 21 shows the structure of a device for breaking up refuse in a roll type compressor. Figure 21 (a), (b), (c)
Are rolls with disk-shaped projections 20d attached to the entire circumference of the roll body surface in the circumferential direction, rolls with pyramid-shaped projections 20p attached to the roll body surface, and spirals on the roll body surface. It is a perspective view which shows the roll which attached the projection 20s of shape.

In the case of the roll of the press-type compressor shown in FIG. 21, the packed dust is quickly broken by the projections 20d, 20p, and 20s, and the compression dewatering can be performed quickly. Furthermore, the disk-shaped projection 20d shown in FIG.
Like the roll-type compressor shown in FIG. 11, it has the effect of preventing the movement of the refuse in the roll axis direction and increasing the compression efficiency of the refuse, and also cuts the compressed dewatered refuse into a shape suitable for crushing in the subsequent process. Has an effect.

(B) Structure of the device for breaking the refuse in the press-type compressor; FIG. 22 shows the structure of the device for breaking the refuse in the press-type compressor. In FIG. 22, 2c denotes a drain hole penetrating the wall of the cylindrical body 2, 3d denotes a drain hole, and 3e denotes a projection attached to the movable compression plates 3A and 3B.
In the case of the press-type compressor shown in FIG. 22, the bagged garbage is quickly broken by the protrusion 3e, and the drain holes 3d penetrating the movable compression plates 3A, 3B and the protrusion 3e, and the wall of the cylindrical body 2 are removed. Compression dehydration can be performed quickly in combination with the effect of the penetrating drain hole 2c.

[6-3] Method of draining compressed dewatered refuse in compression dewatering device; In compression dewatering device, compressed drainage adheres to and remains on compressed dewatered refuse, and compression dewatering is performed to reduce fuel consumption in the drying process. Draining of compressed dewatered waste in the equipment is important. 23 and 24 show an example of a method for draining compressed dewatered refuse after compression dehydration.

FIG. 23 and FIG. 24 show side views of a roll-type compression dewatering apparatus, where 50 is a mesh-shaped conveyor, 51A, 51B, 51C.
Denotes a pulley, 100 denotes a draining rubber roll, and 101 denotes a screw conveyor. The drain rubber roll 100 is provided to remove water and dust attached to the roll surface.

In the present invention, the compressed dewatered refuse after compression dehydration is conveyed by using a conveyor having an opening such as a mesh conveyor 50 shown in FIGS. 23 and 24, and the compressed dewatered refuse is drained. Further, it is possible to further reduce the fuel used in the drying step. According to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained.

(1) Achievement of energy saving: In a solid fuel conversion facility for waste, by compressing and dewatering waste in advance before the drying step, the load of the drying step can be reduced and energy saving can be achieved. Also, by reducing the load of the drying process,
It is possible to reduce the size of the dryer. (2) Miniaturization of crushers and dryers: (2) -1; Compression and dewatering of refuse in the previous process of crushers and dryers reduces the weight and volume of the refuse, and the crushers and dryers The load on crushers and dryers can be reduced.

(2) -2; Also, by compressing and dewatering the refuse in the pre-process of the crusher and the dryer, it is possible to reduce the fluctuation of the supply weight of the refuse to the crusher and the dryer per unit time. It became easy and the capacity of the crusher and the dryer could be reduced to the necessary minimum, and the crusher and the dryer could be further miniaturized. (2) -3; Furthermore, [moisture removal by compression method → crushing →
(Drying) process order, removing moisture from the waste by compression before crushing, improving the crushing speed by both high density, and reducing the diameter of the refuse to be dried due to this, The dehydration speed has been increased, and the dryer can be further miniaturized.

(2) -4: By installing a twin-roll crusher or a twin-shaft crusher as a crusher in the post-process of the roll-type compressor, it is possible to improve the crushing speed and reduce the size of the crusher. It is possible to achieve. (3) Improvement of productivity in the solid fuel production process: (3) -1; The following effects are obtained by using a roll-type compressor as the dewatering device, and the improvement in productivity in the solid fuel production process is achieved. can do.

Waste can be continuously processed at high speed.
In addition, since an extremely large load can be applied to the refuse, the dewatering processing speed is remarkably improved, and the dehydrator does not fail even if foreign substances such as metals are mixed. By the roll-type compressor, the shape of the refuse at the time of processing by the crusher in the post-process can be easily made into an easy-to-handle shape suitable for crushing, and the crushing speed is improved and the crusher is downsized. It became possible.

Since the equipment is extremely simple, troubles due to clogging of debris in the dehydrating apparatus can be avoided, and productivity in the solid fuel production process is improved. The throughput per unit time can be freely controlled by adjusting the rolling reduction and rotation speed of the roll. (3) -2; For example, when a rotary hot air dryer is used as a dryer, in the case of the conventional method, the drying load is large, so the burner and fan of the hot air generator become large, and furthermore, the rotary drying is performed. Since the heat capacity of the furnace itself also increased, it took time to start up the equipment.

On the other hand, according to the present invention, the start-up time of the dryer can be shortened by performing the compression dewatering in advance and reducing the size of the dryer, so that the operation of the equipment can be started and stopped regardless of the start-up time. Operation becomes possible, the degree of freedom of equipment operation such as adjustment of the operation schedule is increased, and the productivity of the solid fuel production equipment is improved. (3) -3; Also, by compressing and dewatering the refuse before putting it into the crusher, it is possible to arrange the refuse to a constant size and a constant density. It is possible to supply a fixed amount, and trouble such as stoppage due to overload of the crusher is reduced, and productivity of the solid fuel production equipment is improved.

(3) -4: Further, since the crushed material can be supplied to the crusher quantitatively, the crushed material is discharged from the crusher quantitatively, and the processes after the crusher, for example, a dryer and a wind separator It is possible to supply a constant amount of the material to be dried to the dryer, and the operation of the dryer and the wind separator is stabilized, and the same effect can be obtained in the processes after the dryer and the wind separator. (3) -5: By arranging the press-type compressor as a pre-process of the roll-type compressor, the waste is not only pre-dewatered, but also formed into a shape suitable for the roll-type compressor. The processing speed in the dehydrator is further increased, and the productivity in the solid fuel production process is improved.

(4) Effects based on the preferred embodiment of the device member of the present invention in the roll-type compressor, the press-type compressor and the compression dehydrator: (4) -1; Board,
By providing grooves, holes, projections, and the like on the surface of the compression support plate, the bottom and side walls of the compressor cylinder, and the roll body of the roll-type compressor, dust is prevented from moving in the plate surface direction and in the axial direction. At the same time, the water squeezed out by the compression dehydration can be quickly drained, the dehydration rate can be improved, and the fuel in the dryer can be further reduced.

The drain grooves, holes and projections described above are
Since it also has the function of bleeding air, the effects of reducing the load of the compression dehydrator and stably operating it can also be obtained. (4) -2; moving compression board, compression support board of press type compressor,
By providing a projection on the surface of the body of the roll and breaking the bagged garbage, dewatering can be performed quickly, and the dewatering rate is improved.

(4) -3; By providing grooves and holes on the conveying surface of the conveyor for conveying the compressed dewatered garbage, the efficiency of draining the water squeezed out by the compression dewatering is improved, and the amount of water after dewatering is reduced. The effect of decreasing is obtained. (4) -4: When performing compression dewatering, it was possible to further improve the dewatering rate by attaching a drainage suction device to the compressor.

[0108] Further, by the exhaust action by suction, the effects of reducing the load on the compressor, stably operating, and preventing dust generation can be obtained. (6) Reduction of power consumption in garbage transport process:
According to the present invention, not only the effect of reducing the fuel in the above-described drying step by compression dehydration, reducing the size of equipment, and improving the productivity, but also the crushing step, the reduction in the amount of water prior to the drying step, In addition to reducing the weight of garbage transported during the process, it is possible to reduce the size of conveyors such as conveyors between each process, and to reduce the power consumption of conveyors and other conveyors, thereby further increasing energy consumption during solid fuel production. Reduction has become possible.

[0109]

According to the present invention, the following excellent effects can be obtained. : Energy required for converting solid waste into solid fuel can be greatly reduced. : By using a roll-type compressor as the dewatering device, the productivity in the solid fuel production process can be improved.

By using a roll-type compressor as the dewatering device, it becomes easy to reduce the fluctuation of the supply weight of refuse per unit time, and the capacity of the crusher and the dryer can be minimized. , Crushers and dryers can be miniaturized. : By arranging a twin-roll crusher or a twin-shaft crusher as a crusher in a post-process of a roll-type compressor, it has become possible to improve the crushing speed and reduce the size of the crusher. .

By disposing a press-type compressor as a pre-process of the roll-type compressor, refuse is not only preliminarily dewatered, but also formed into a shape suitable for the roll-type compressor, and treated in the dehydrator. The speed is increased, and the productivity in the solid fuel production process is improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a process diagram showing an example of a pretreatment device for converting waste into solid fuel according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a process diagram showing an example of a pretreatment device for converting waste into solid fuel according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side view (a) showing a vertical roll type compressor according to the present invention and a side view (b) showing a horizontal roll type compressor.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view (a) showing an example of a double compression plate moving press type compressor according to the present invention, and a side view (b) showing an example of a single side compression plate moving press type compressor.

FIG. 5 is a plan view (a) and an HH arrow view (b) showing an example of a twin-screw crusher according to the present invention.

FIGS. 6A and 6B are a side view and a sectional view taken along the line AA, respectively, showing an example of a pretreatment facility for converting waste into solid fuel according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a side view (a) and a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB (b) showing an example of a pretreatment facility for converting solid waste into solid fuel according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing an example of a pretreatment facility for converting waste into solid fuel according to the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a side view showing an example of a pretreatment facility for converting waste into solid fuel according to the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing a circumferential grooved roll (a) and an axial grooved roll (b) of the roll-type compressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a roll-type compressor according to the present invention.
(a) and the GG section arrow view (b).

FIG. 12 is a side view showing a roll of the roll-type compressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view showing a roll of the roll-type compressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a side view showing a roll of the roll-type compressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a side view showing a roll-type compressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a side view showing a press-type compressor according to the present invention.
(a) and CC view (b).

FIG. 17 is a side view showing a press-type compressor according to the present invention.
(a) and the DD line arrow view (b).

FIG. 18 is a side view showing a press-type compressor according to the present invention.
It is (a) and EE section sectional drawing (b).

FIG. 19 is a side view showing a press-type compressor according to the present invention.
It is (a) and sectional drawing (b) of FF part.

FIG. 20 is a side view showing a press-type compressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a perspective view showing a roll of a roll-type compressor according to the present invention, and a roll (a) having a disk-shaped projection and a roll (b) having a pyramid-shaped projection attached thereto.
And (c) a roll provided with a spiral-shaped projection.

FIG. 22 is a side view showing a press-type compressor according to the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a side view showing a roll-type compression dewatering apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 24 is a side view showing a roll-type compression dewatering apparatus according to the present invention.

Fig. 25 Moisture of garbage after compression dehydration
5 is a graph showing the relationship with the amount of heat required to dry to about%.

FIG. 26 is a process diagram showing an RMJ type solid fuel production method.

FIG. 27 is a process chart showing a J-Catrel solid fuel production method.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Press type compressor 2 Cylindrical body 2b, 2e, 3a, 20a Drainage groove 2c Drainage hole 2d, 3d, 20e Drainage hole 2f, 20l Drainage sedimentation tank 2W Inner wall of cylindrical body 3,3A, 3B Moving compression plate 3b Dust compression plate surface of moving compression plate 3e Projection 3f Moving compression plate before moving 4 Compression support plate 4R, 4r Roll 5,5A, 5B, 5C, 5D Compression dewatering waste 6,6A, 6B Drive rod 7A, 7B for moving compression disk drive 7C Moving device 7C Pulling device 8A, 8B Wire rope 8C Drive rod 9 Waste supply port 10 Waste 11 Lid 11a, 12a Rotary shaft 12, 28 Guide plate 13 Compression drainage drain 14 Compressed drainage container 15 Compressed dewatering waste outlet 15a Sliding partition plate 20 Roll compressor 20A, 20B, 20C, 20D, 20E, 20F Roll 20G Backup roll 20a Roll groove 20b Roll rotation axis 20d Disk-shaped protrusion 20f drainage hole 20h sealing casing 20i sliding member 20j ₁ of the roll hollow portion 20g compressed effluent, 20j ₂ discharge Piping 20k Angle 20p Pyramid projection 20s Spiral projection 21, 27 Chute 22 Drainer plate 23A, 23B, 32A, 32B, 32C Conveyor 24 Plate 26 Roller compressor storage tank 27a Drainage wire mesh 29 Flange 30 Crusher 31 Dryer 40 Compressed drainage water storage tank 41 Compressed drainage 42A, 42B pump 43 Tank truck 50 Mesh conveyor 51A, 51B, 51C Pulley 60 Drainage suction device 70 Biaxial shear crusher with blade 71 Rotary blade 72 Cutter spacer 73 Bearing 74a Drive shaft 74b Follower shaft 75 Coupling 76 Spacer 77 Rotary shaft with rotating blade and cutter spacer attached 78 Spacing between rotating blades 79 Spacing between rotating blade and cutter spacer 80 Compression dust extrusion member 81 Compression dust extrusion member movement device 90A, 90B loosened roll 100 conveying direction f ₃ solid fuel of dust movement direction f ₂ after crushing draining rubber roll 101 the screw conveyor f ₁ compression dehydration dust Charge transport direction f ₄ compression support plate in the direction of movement f _L compressing waste water stream direction or feeding direction f _P moving supply direction P suction pump moving direction f _W dust of the drive rod for compression plate drive, of

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Tadao Harada 1-chome, Mizushima-Kawasaki-dori, Kurashiki-shi, Okayama Pref. No. Kawasaki Steel Corporation

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A pre-processing facility for converting waste into solid fuel, comprising: a waste compression device provided with a roll-type compressor (20); and a waste crusher (30) dewatered by the compression device. . 2. A compression dewatering apparatus for refuse comprising a press-type compressor (1) and a roll-type compressor (20) provided as a post-process of the press-type compressor (1). A pretreatment facility for converting waste into solid fuel, comprising a crusher (30) for waste dewatered by the device.