CN108083602B - Combined device for drying sludge and method for drying sludge by using combined device - Google Patents
Combined device for drying sludge and method for drying sludge by using combined device Download PDFInfo
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- CN108083602B CN108083602B CN201611034940.8A CN201611034940A CN108083602B CN 108083602 B CN108083602 B CN 108083602B CN 201611034940 A CN201611034940 A CN 201611034940A CN 108083602 B CN108083602 B CN 108083602B
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- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 198
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 146
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011085 pressure filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/121—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering
- C02F11/123—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by mechanical de-watering using belt or band filters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B11/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive
- F26B11/12—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in stationary drums or other mainly-closed receptacles with moving stirring devices
- F26B11/16—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects with movement which is non-progressive in stationary drums or other mainly-closed receptacles with moving stirring devices the stirring device moving in a vertical or steeply-inclined plane
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
- F26B25/04—Agitating, stirring, or scraping devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B2200/00—Drying processes and machines for solid materials characterised by the specific requirements of the drying good
- F26B2200/18—Sludges, e.g. sewage, waste, industrial processes, cooling towers
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Drying Of Solid Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a combined device for drying sludge, which comprises a belt dehydrator, a belt conveying adjusting device, a vertical crusher and a horizontal back-mixing drier, wherein the belt dehydrator is arranged at the upper part, the vertical crusher is arranged at the lower part, the belt conveying adjusting device and the vertical crusher are arranged between the belt dehydrator and the drier, the position of the belt conveying adjusting device is higher than that of the crusher, the belt conveying adjusting device comprises a belt conveyer used for receiving, storing and conveying sludge blocks, and the speed or the feeding amount of the sludge blocks conveyed to the vertical crusher can be controlled by adjusting the operation of the belt conveyer in a hopper. The invention also provides a method for drying sludge by using the combined device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of sludge drying, in particular to a combined device for drying sludge and a method for drying sludge by using the combined device.
Background
In modern cities, sewage treatment is indispensable, and a large amount of sludge is generated with sewage treatment. At present, a sewage treatment plant generally adopts a concentration and dehydration method to perform pretreatment on sludge so as to reduce the water content of the sludge from more than 90% to 60-80%, and performs subsequent landfill, solidification or desiccation treatment on the treated sludge. Landfill is easy to ferment the sludge and causes the problem of secondary pollution to the environment, and the existing solidification or drying equipment is low in drying efficiency and high in energy consumption, so that the water content of the sludge is difficult to reduce, and a large amount of sludge can be treated. It is generally necessary to pass through a plurality of sludge treatment processes, which are individually carried out in each apparatus, to reduce the water content of the sludge from 90% or more to a desired water content. The sludge treatment equipment has the defects of large volume, distributed arrangement, single function, high energy consumption and the like.
Because the sludge has the characteristics of strong viscosity, easy agglomeration and difficult crushing, the drying process of the sludge is long, and particularly, a large amount of energy is consumed for drying the dehydrated sludge. Because the existing sludge drying process is carried out in each sludge treatment device separately according to the steps of dehydration, crushing and drying, the treated sludge is inevitably transferred from one device to another device in each treatment stage, and the complexity of the process and the consumption of energy sources are further increased. Therefore, in order to realize large-scale drying treatment of sludge in one device, there is a need in the art for a device and method capable of directly converting liquid sludge with a water content of 90% or more into sludge pellets or fragments with a water content of 50% -40%, and even sludge particles or granules with a water content of 40% or less.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides a combined device or a combined device for drying sludge, which can integrate sludge treatment equipment of each process for drying sludge together to directly reduce the water content of liquid sludge from above 90% to 50% -40%, even below 40%, thereby realizing the transformation of sludge from liquid, block, small block or fragment, granule, or even powder in one equipment, and further improving the drying efficiency of sludge.
In the combined device of the invention, a belt dehydrator, a vertical crusher and a horizontal drier are arranged from top to bottom according to the sequence of filtering, crushing and drying sludge, and a belt conveying adjustment device is arranged between the belt dehydrator and the vertical crusher, so that the devices and the devices are assembled together, wherein the belt dehydrator is arranged at the upper part of the combined device, the horizontal drier is arranged at the lower part of the combined device, and the belt conveying adjustment device and the vertical crusher are arranged between the belt dehydrator and the horizontal drier. The discharge hole of the hopper of the belt conveying and adjusting device is approximately flush with or higher than the feed inlet of the vertical crusher through dislocation arrangement, the receiving hole of the hopper is positioned below the outlet of the belt dehydrator, and the discharge hole of the vertical crusher is positioned above the feed inlet of the horizontal drier. Therefore, the combined device is compact in structure, and the sludge is automatically conveyed from the previous treatment equipment to the next treatment equipment by fully utilizing the gravity of the sludge in the drying process, so that the power is saved, and the energy consumption is reduced.
The invention also provides a method for drying sludge by using the combined device. The sludge to be treated is conveyed into the combined device according to the steps of filtering, crushing and drying, and sequentially passes through the belt dehydrator, the belt conveying and adjusting device, the vertical crusher and the horizontal drier from top to bottom, and through the receiving of the hopper of the belt conveying and adjusting device and the control of the belt conveyer, the corresponding treatment of the sludge to be treated can be respectively finished in the belt dehydrator, the vertical crusher and the horizontal drier, and the sludge blocks can be orderly operated in the whole drying process, so that the desired water content is obtained. In the drying process of the sludge, the belt dehydrator, the belt conveying and adjusting device, the vertical crusher and the horizontal dryer are timely operated through the preset, so that the sludge to be treated can be automatically conveyed in the combined device, the drying process can be automatically completed, and the sludge with the expected water content can be obtained.
The combined device or the combined device has the characteristics of high drying efficiency, low energy consumption, small occupied area and strong adaptability. The whole sludge drying process is completed in a single device by organically combining the belt dehydrator, the belt conveying and adjusting device, the vertical crusher and the horizontal dryer together according to the drying flow of the sludge from top to bottom. The combined device or the combined device can realize the conveying of the sludge from one device to another device as automatically as possible by means of the gravity of the sludge, and omits excessive conveying devices or devices, thereby reducing the energy consumption, saving the cost and improving the efficiency. In particular, the belt type conveying and adjusting device and the vertical crusher are arranged at the top of the horizontal drier, so that the structure of the device assembly is simplified. In addition, the method for drying the sludge not only enables the drying process to be smoother by controlling the operation of equipment forming the combined device, but also can realize the automation of the sludge drying process. The obtained sludge product can be applied to various aspects of fertilizer production, building material production and the like so as to realize the reutilization of resources.
Drawings
The above features and advantages and other features and advantages of the present invention are readily apparent from the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments and best modes for carrying out the invention when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings and appended claims. In the drawings, wherein:
fig. 1 is a partially cut-away schematic perspective view of a combined device for sludge drying according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the combination of the present invention shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the combination of the present invention taken along line M-M in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a partial perspective cross-sectional view of a delivery adjustment device of the combination unit of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a partial perspective cross-sectional view of a vertical crusher of the composite device of the present invention; and
fig. 6 shows a flow of sludge drying using the combined apparatus of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.
Fig. 1 shows in perspective view a preferred embodiment of a combined device (or combination of devices) 100 for sludge drying according to the invention. The combined device 100 generally includes a dewatering unit, a conveying adjustment unit, a crushing unit, and a drying unit. The dewatering unit, the conveying adjustment unit, the crushing unit and the drying unit are arranged together generally vertically, wherein the dewatering unit is provided at an upper portion of the combined device 100, the drying unit is provided at a lower portion thereof, and the conveying adjustment unit and the crushing unit are provided between the dewatering unit and the drying unit, but the conveying adjustment unit is positioned substantially higher than the crushing unit. In general, a sludge drying process is to change liquid (or liquid) sludge into solid (or solid) sludge agglomerate or block through a dewatering or filtering step, to change solid sludge agglomerate or block into small blocks or fragments through a crushing step, to reduce the water content of small blocks to 50% -40% through a drying step, and in some cases, to make it into particles or powder and reduce the water content thereof to below 40%, which have been separately accomplished in a dewatering or filtering apparatus, a crushing apparatus, and a drying apparatus, respectively, in the prior art. However, in the combined apparatus 100 of the present invention, the dewatering unit, the crushing unit and the drying unit are integrated together from top to bottom in the order of the filtering, crushing and drying steps, and the transport adjusting unit is provided between the dewatering unit and the crushing unit, so that the process of converting sludge from a liquid state into small pieces, particles or grains and remarkably reducing the water content thereof can be intensively completed in one apparatus. It should be noted that although the transport adjustment unit is higher than the crushing unit, the transport adjustment unit is not located just above the crushing unit, but is juxtaposed and offset thereto. In the combined device 100 according to the invention, the dewatered sludge cake can fall from the dewatering unit above into a conveying adjustment unit and be fed by the conveying adjustment unit to a crushing unit, where it is crushed into small pieces or fragments, which then leave the crushing unit and enter a drying unit. In the drying unit, the water content of the sludge can be reduced to 50% -40% by the drying treatment, and the water content of the sludge can be further reduced to below 40% by granulating small blocks or fragments or powdering. For simplicity of description, not all supporting structures, components or means for supporting or fixing the respective units such as the dewatering unit, the conveying adjustment unit, the crushing unit, the drying unit, etc. are shown in the drawings of the present invention. Those skilled in the art may provide appropriate support structures, components or means for the units in the combined device 100 as needed to maintain the respective units in their respective positions, and thus, the contents of the support means will not be described herein.
Since each of the dewatering, crushing and drying units constituting the combined apparatus 100 has a plurality of types of equipment or devices to be selected and each type of equipment or device has different properties and functions, it is necessary to configure an adaptive conveyance adjusting unit according to the type of equipment or device selected, and a combination of these different working units may constitute a plurality of combined apparatuses. For this purpose, the person skilled in the art can, on the basis of the inventive concept, alternatively choose the appropriate working unit according to the desired water content of the sludge to be obtained, so as to construct a specific combined device. As shown in fig. 1, the dewatering unit, the crushing unit, and the drying unit of the combined apparatus 100 of the present invention preferably employ a belt dehydrator 1, a vertical crusher 3, and a horizontal dryer 4, respectively, and a belt conveyor adjusting device 2 is provided between the belt dehydrator 1 and the vertical crusher 3 as a conveyor adjusting unit. The combined device or device combination 100 consisting of the belt dehydrator 1, the belt conveying and adjusting device 2, the vertical crusher (or crusher) 3 and the horizontal drier (or drier) 4 can sequentially convert liquid sludge into sludge blocks, sludge small blocks or fragments through the processes of dehydration, crushing and drying, can reduce the water content of the sludge to 50-40%, and can further reduce the water content of the sludge small blocks or fragments to below 40% and make the sludge small blocks or fragments into particles or granules.
Fig. 2 shows the combination of fig. 1 in a longitudinal sectional view, and fig. 3 is a transverse sectional view of the combination of fig. 2 taken at line M-M. Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in the combined apparatus or apparatus combination 100 of the present invention, the belt dehydrator 1 located at the upper portion dehydrates the liquid sludge fed thereto, i.e. solid-liquid separates the liquid sludge, wherein the separated moisture is discharged while leaving a sludge block. The belt dehydrator 1 separates water from the liquid sludge by a pressure filtration method, so that dehydrated sludge or solid sludge can be obtained. The dewatered sludge is substantially cake-like or block-like, i.e. shaped, blocks. Typically, the belt dehydrator 1 is substantially rectangular parallelepiped in shape, and its horizontally arranged frame 12 is parallel to the longitudinal direction X of the combined device 100. When in operation, the liquid sludge or slurry flows into the sludge distributor of the belt dehydrator and is uniformly distributed on the gravity dewatering area. The sludge is rapidly dewatered along with the movement of the dewatering filter 13. Because the gravity dewatering area is designed longer, the maximum gravity dewatering is achieved. The turned sludge enters a wedge-shaped pre-pressing dewatering area to slowly clamp the sludge discharged from a gravity area, and the sludge is sequentially and slowly pre-pressed and filtered, so that the residual free moisture in a sludge layer is reduced to the minimum. Along with the slow advancing of the upper and lower filter belts, the upper and lower distance between the two filter belts is gradually reduced, the mud layer in the middle is gradually hardened, and a large amount of free water is removed by the pre-pressing dehydration large-diameter filter roller. The mudcake then enters the squeeze dewatering zone and enters the "S" press section. In the S-shaped squeezing section, sludge is clamped between an upper layer of filter cloth and a lower layer of filter cloth, and repeatedly squeezed by a plurality of squeezing rollers, and when the upper filtering belt and the lower filtering belt pass through a waveform path formed by interlacing the rollers, the upper position and the lower position of the two filtering belts are sequentially alternated to generate shearing force on the clamped mud cake, so that most of residual water in the sludge is filtered out by backlog, and the mud cake is dehydrated again. Finally, the sludge cake is scraped off by the scraper and falls down into the belt conveyor adjusting device 2 as indicated by arrow a in fig. 1 (the point where the sludge is scraped off is referred to herein as the outlet E of the belt dewaterer). The water removed from the sludge is discharged through a filtrate outlet 14.
Fig. 4 schematically shows a belt conveyor adjustment device 2 for a combination device according to the invention. Referring to fig. 4, in combination with fig. 1-3, a belt conveyor adjustment device 2 is located below the belt dewaterer 1 to receive dewatered sludge cake discharged by the belt dewaterer 1 and to control the amount or speed of feeding of the sludge cake to the vertical crusher 3. The belt conveyor adjusting device 2 comprises a hopper 24 and a conveyor 22 arranged in the hopper for conveying sludge blocks, wherein the conveyor 22 of the belt conveyor adjusting device 2 is a belt conveyor and the hopper is supported on top of the horizontal dryer 4 by a support device 26. The hopper 24 is shown in fig. 4 as having a rectangular shaped cross section, however this is not limiting and it may also have other shaped cross sections, such as trapezoidal, etc. Conveyor 22 is disposed at the bottom of hopper 24. The hopper 24 has a length direction in conformity with the belt dehydrator 1, and the hopper 24 has a large receiving port 21 at an upper portion thereof, the receiving port 21 being located just below the outlet E of the belt dehydrator 1, and a cross-sectional area of a conveyor belt of the belt conveyor 22 being greater than or equal to a cross-sectional area of the outlet E of the belt dehydrator 1, so that sludge blocks discharged from the outlet of the belt dehydrator 1 can be completely received. The hopper has a downwardly sloping discharge opening 23 on one end wall adjacent its bottom for conveying sludge blocks to a vertical crusher 3 positioned near the end of the hopper having the discharge opening 23. The position of the discharge opening 23 on the hopper end wall is generally lower than the height of the conveyor belt of the belt conveyor 22, so that sludge blocks transported by the conveyor belt can smoothly fall down to the discharge opening by means of their own weight and into the vertical crusher 3 via the inclined discharge opening 23. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that the amount or speed of feeding the sludge blanket to the vertical crusher 3 can be precisely controlled or regulated by controlling the speed of the belt conveyor 22.
Fig. 5 schematically shows a partial perspective cross-sectional view of a vertical crusher of the inventive combination 100. By vertical crusher is meant that the shell of the crusher is arranged vertically and the shaft of the crushing assembly therein is arranged vertically or perpendicular to the ground. As shown, a crushing assembly 30 for crushing sludge blocks is provided in the housing 3A of the vertical crusher 3. The housing is generally vertically arranged and may include a barrel 32 and a top cover 31 at an upper end of the barrel, wherein a bottom of the barrel is downwardly open. A feed port 33 for receiving sludge blocks and a shaft hole 34 for receiving the rotation shaft 301 are formed on the top cover 31, and a bottom opening of the housing serves as a discharge port 36 for discharging crushed sludge blocks or fragments. The crushing assembly 30 is disposed within the housing adjacent a discharge outlet 36 in a lower portion thereof. The crushing assembly includes a rotatable assembly 330 and a fixed assembly 331, and the rotatable assembly 330 is located above and rotatable relative to the fixed assembly 331.
As shown in fig. 5, the rotatable assembly 330 includes a rotation shaft 301 and a plurality of rotation arms 302 which are cantilevered at an angle to the lower end of the rotation shaft 301, and which may be spaced at an angle around the rotation shaft 301. Each rotary arm 302 is provided with a plurality of crushing members or cutters 303 which may be arranged at intervals in the length direction of the rotary arm 302 or in the radial direction of the housing. Each crushing member 303 may protrude downward in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of the rotation shaft 301 perpendicular to the length direction of the rotation arm 302, and have various cross-sectional shapes in a thickness direction parallel to the rotation shaft 301. The stationary assembly 331 includes a stationary support 310 and a ring 314. The stationary support 310 has a central column 311 and a plurality of struts 312 extending outwardly at an angle from the central column 311, which may be angularly spaced around the central column 311. A plurality of ring members 314 are fixedly provided on the strut 312 at intervals in a length direction of the strut 312 or a radial direction of the housing. The upper end of the rotary shaft 301 of the rotatable member 330 is rotatably disposed in the shaft hole 34 of the top cover 31 of the housing, and the power input member 304 may be disposed at a portion thereof extending beyond the shaft hole. One end of each strut 312 of the fixed assembly 331 is connected to the central post 311 and the other end is fixed to the wall of the housing, for example within an aperture 35 formed in the wall.
After the crushing assembly 30 is installed, the crushing members 303 on the rotating arm 302 of the rotatable assembly 330 may protrude downwardly into the corresponding spaces between adjacent ring members 314 of the stationary assembly 331. In other words, the position at which the crushing member 303 is provided on the rotating arm 302 corresponds to the interval between the adjacent two ring members 314 provided on the strut 312, so that the plurality of crushing members 303 are arranged to be staggered with each other with respect to the plurality of ring members 314 so that the crushing member 303 can perform a circular motion within the interval of the ring members 314 when the rotating shaft 301 is rotated by the power input member 304.
Among the plurality of ring members 314 of the fixing assembly 331, each ring member 314 may have a plurality of spaced apart protrusions 315. During the crushing process, the rotatable assembly 330 rotates relative to the stationary assembly 331, and the sludge cake entering the crusher falls substantially onto the stationary assembly 331. Thus, the discontinuous or incomplete surface formed by the upper surfaces of the plurality of ring members 314 of the securing assembly becomes a bearing surface for receiving the sludge blanket. Since the protrusions 315 on each ring 314 cause this bearing surface to become uneven, the sludge blocks falling onto the rings 314 will be discharged from the discharge outlet 36 at the bottom of the housing if they are smaller than the spacing between the rings, while most sludge blocks larger than these spacing are caught between the protrusions 315, only a small part of which is likely to move circumferentially with the rotating arm 302 of the rotatable assembly 330, and therefore, the protrusions 315 provided on the rings 314 help to prevent the sludge blocks falling onto the rings 314 from rotating with the rotating arm, so that most sludge blocks remain stationary on the stationary assembly 331, and therefore, the crushing or shearing of sludge blocks by the crushing member 303 on the rotating arm 302 is facilitated.
In another embodiment, not shown, the feed opening 33 of the vertical crusher 3 may be provided on the side wall of the housing, but the position of the feed opening 33 needs to be higher than the crushing assembly 30, so that the sludge cake entering the vertical crusher 3 will fall onto the bearing surface for receiving the sludge cake. The feed opening 33 is formed in the wall of the housing, so that not only the height of the combined device can be reduced, but also the flow of the sludge block can be accelerated.
Referring back to fig. 1-3, one embodiment of a horizontal dryer of the combined apparatus of the present invention is shown. The horizontal dryer means that the longitudinal direction of the drying chamber of the dryer is substantially parallel to the ground. A turning device for turning the sludge small blocks is arranged in the drying chamber, and the rotation axis of the rotating shaft of the turning device is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the drying chamber. The horizontal drier comprises a bottom drying type horizontal drier, a lateral ventilation type horizontal drier and a multi-part combined ventilation type horizontal drier.
As an embodiment, the horizontal dryer of the present invention may be a bottom drying type horizontal dryer, which is a horizontal back-mixing dryer 4, including a substantially rectangular casing, in which a partition 401 is provided so as to divide a space enclosed by the casing into a first drying chamber 41a and a second drying chamber 41b, wherein the first drying chamber and the second drying chamber communicate at a right end of the casing as shown in the drawing. In the first drying chamber and the second drying chamber of the horizontal dryer 4, a first turning device 43a and a second turning device 43b for turning sludge are provided, respectively. Both ends of the rotation shaft 431a of the first flipping means 43a and the rotation shaft 431b of the second flipping means 43b are rotatably attached to the housing of the horizontal dryer, respectively, and wherein one ends thereof extend outside the drying chamber to be connected to the external power members 49a,49b, respectively. On the rotary shafts 431a,431b are mounted a plurality of turning assemblies 432a,432b, respectively, wherein these turning assemblies are arranged spaced apart from each other on the respective rotary shaft and rotate together with the respective rotary shaft in order to turn sludge pellets or chips fed into the drying chamber. Referring to fig. 1, at the upper end of the housing, i.e. at the top of the first drying chamber 41a, near the discharge opening 36 of the crusher, a feed opening 45 is provided for receiving sludge pellets fed from the vertical crusher 3 into the horizontal dryer 4. A discharge opening 44 for discharging dried sludge cubes or fragments is also provided in the end wall of the housing at the same end as the end where the feed opening 45 is provided in the second drying chamber 41 b. The housing is provided with a communication port 46 in its bottom wall for communicating the first and second drying chambers with the third drying chamber 42 so that drying gas from the gas inlet 47 enters the first and second drying chambers 41a, 41b through the communication port 46 and dries sludge pellets or fragments therein. Further, an air outlet 48 is provided at the top of the housing of the dryer, for example, so as to discharge the air after drying the sludge to the outside of the drying chamber.
When the sludge lump falls from the discharge port 36 of the crusher into the first drying chamber 41a of the horizontal type back-mixing drier 4 through the feed port 45 of the horizontal type back-mixing drier 4, the rotation shaft 431a of the first turning device 43a rotates the turning member 432a mounted thereon by the driving of the external power member 49a, so that the turning member 432a continuously shears, breaks and turns the sludge lump or fragment, and pushes the sludge to move toward the end of the housing opposite to the end where the feed port is provided, and the sludge reaching the opposite end is then continuously sheared, broken and turned by the driving of the second turning device 43b opposite to the first turning device 43a in the moving direction, and moves toward the discharge port 44. Simultaneously with the shearing, crushing and tumbling of the sludge, a drying gas such as a hot gas from a gas inlet 47 is introduced into the first drying chamber and the second drying chamber through a communication port 46 and is in sufficient contact with the sludge small pieces or fragments so that the sludge small pieces or fragments are continuously dried under the combined action of the shearing, crushing and tumbling and drying gas of the tumbling assemblies 432a,432b and the water content thereof is gradually reduced. The water content of the sludge pellets or fragments can be reduced to 50% -40%, even below 40% and can be further granulated or powdered. Finally, the dried sludge exits the drying chamber via discharge port 44, and the gas after drying the sludge exits the drying chamber via gas outlet 48.
The horizontal dryer may be of other types than the one shown. For example, a bottom drying type horizontal dryer having a drying chamber, wherein a communication port for communicating with the external environment is formed at the bottom of the drying chamber, and external air can be flowed into the drying chamber through the communication port by raising the bottom of the dryer, so as to dry sludge small blocks or fragments turned up in the drying chamber. In some cases, in order to accelerate the drying of the sludge, a blower device and a gas distribution device may be further provided, by which the drying gas is blown to the gas distribution device and the drying gas is fed from the gas distribution device into the drying chamber through the respective communication ports. The horizontal dryer may also include a side-vented horizontal dryer in which a gas distribution apparatus is provided outside a side wall of the drying chamber, and the drying chamber is brought into fluid communication with the gas distribution apparatus by forming a communication hole or disposing a communication pipe on the side wall. The dry gas is blown to the gas distribution apparatus by the blower apparatus, and the dry gas is transported into the drying chamber by the gas distribution apparatus through the respective communication holes or communication pipes. The multi-part combined ventilation type horizontal dryer is also one of the horizontal dryers, can be a horizontal dryer combining two types of bottom and side ventilation, and has two functions of bottom and side ventilation. In general, the drying chamber provided with a turning device in such a horizontal dryer is regarded as a main drying chamber, whereas the drying chamber without a turning device serves as a sub-drying chamber. The horizontal dryer may have one or more primary drying chambers and may also have one or more secondary drying chambers. The turning device used in the main drying chamber has the functions of shearing, crushing and turning sludge and can push dried sludge small blocks or fragments to move in a certain direction.
In the combined apparatus 100, since the longitudinal direction of the horizontal type back-mix dryer 4 is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the combined apparatus 100, the belt conveyor adjusting device 2 and the vertical crusher 3 may be disposed in series on top of the horizontal type back-mix dryer 4. In order to raise the hopper 24 of the belt conveyor adjustment device 2 above the vertical crusher 3, in particular, the discharge opening 23 of the hopper 24 above the feed opening 33 of the vertical crusher 3, the hopper 24 is raised by means of a support device, such as a stand 26. The discharge opening 36 of the vertical crusher 3 at the bottom thereof is positioned just above the feed opening 45 at the left end of the top of the horizontal type back-mixing drier 4, so that crushed sludge small blocks or fragments can fall into the first drying chamber 41a of the horizontal type back-mixing drier 4 by using the gravity of the crushed sludge small blocks or fragments.
While the above-described arrangement of the belt dehydrator 1, the conveying adjustment device 2, the crusher 3 and the dryer 4 is advantageous for reducing the overall height of the combined device 100 and for reducing the footprint, they may have other arrangements as well. For example, the hopper 24 of the belt dehydrator 1 and the conveyance regulating device 2 may be individually supported by a supporting device on the ground or the floor, and the belt dehydrator 1, the conveyance regulating device 2, the vertical crusher 3, and the horizontal back-mix drier 4 may be placed one on top of the other one at a time. This arrangement allows the discharge opening 23 of the hopper 24 to be provided at any position or on the bottom of the circumferential wall near its bottom, instead of on the end wall.
In the combined apparatus 100, the belt dehydrator 1, the belt conveyor adjusting device 2, the vertical crusher 3 and the horizontal type back-mixing drier 4 are kept to be arranged in sequence from top to bottom in accordance with the flow of the dried sludge, and the receiving port 21 of the belt conveyor adjusting device 2 is always positioned below the outlet E of the belt dehydrator 1, the feeding port 33 of the vertical crusher 3 is positioned below the discharging port 23 of the belt conveyor adjusting device 2, and the feeding port 45 of the horizontal type back-mixing drier 4 is positioned below the discharging port 36 of the vertical crusher 3, regardless of whether the conveyor adjusting device and the crusher are arranged on top of the horizontal type back-mixing drier. Thus, during operation of the combined apparatus 100, it is substantially ensured that the sludge treated in the device for performing the previous step falls by its own weight into the device for performing the next step, thereby reducing and shortening the transfer devices or apparatuses between the devices.
Fig. 6 shows a process or method for drying sludge using the combined apparatus of the present invention. In the combined apparatus 100 of the present invention, in order to obtain a desired sludge by smoothly passing the sludge through the belt dehydrator 1, the belt conveyor adjusting device 2, the vertical crusher 3 and the horizontal back-mixing drier 4 in accordance with the steps of filtering/dehydrating, crushing and drying, each unit of the apparatus needs to be controlled in order to achieve a predetermined water content and a corresponding particle size of the dried sludge. As shown, the method for implementing sludge drying using the combined apparatus of the present application may be performed as follows. At the dewatering step S1, the liquid sludge is fed to the belt dewaterer 1 located at the upper part of the combined apparatus 100, and the belt dewaterer 1 is activated to dewater or filter the liquid (or liquid) sludge, thereby obtaining a solid sludge block or solid sludge. The dehydrated sludge block has a water content of 40% -60%. At the receiving and conveying step S2, the dewatered sludge bulk is dropped into the hopper 24 through the receiving port 21 of the belt conveyor adjusting device 2 by its own weight, and the belt conveyor 22 is started, and the conveying speed of the belt conveyor 22 is controlled to control the feeding amount or speed of the sludge bulk to the vertical crusher 3. At the crushing step S3, when the sludge cake falls into the vertical crusher 3 by its own weight, the power input 304 is simultaneously activated so that the crushing assembly 30 of the vertical crusher 3 is rotated by the power input 304, whereby the crushing member 303 of the crushing assembly 30 is rotated to crush the sludge cake into sludge cakes or fragments. At the drying step S4, the crushed sludge small blocks or fragments fall into the first drying chamber 41a of the horizontal type back-mixing dryer 4 by means of the own weight, and the turning device 43a in the first drying chamber 41 is activated, whereby the sludge small blocks or fragments in the first drying chamber 41a are turned, sheared and crushed by the turning component 432a of the turning device 43a, and then the sludge small blocks or fragments are sheared, crushed and turned again by the turning component 432b of the second turning device 43b in the second drying chamber, and the drying gas entering the first and second drying chambers 41a and 41b from the gas inlet 47 via the respective communication ports 46 dries and may be granulated or powdered the sludge small blocks or fragments in the first and second drying chambers. When the sludge small blocks or fragments reach the preset water content, a valve arranged at the discharge opening 44 of the horizontal back-mixing drier 4 is opened to discharge the dried sludge small blocks or fragments out of the drier unit 4. The water content of the dried sludge small blocks or fragments can reach 50-40%. In some cases, the sludge pellets or fragments may be further granulated or powdered to have a water content of 40% or less.
The combination device 100 organically combines the belt dehydrator 1, the belt conveying adjustment device 2, the vertical crusher 3 and the horizontal drier 4 through reasonable arrangement. In the combined apparatus 100 of the present invention, since the respective units constituting the combined apparatus 100 are arranged in the flow of sludge filtration, crushing, and drying from top to bottom and the outlet of the apparatus for performing the previous treatment process is located above the inlet of the apparatus for performing the next treatment process, the treated sludge is transported from top to bottom substantially by its own weight, and thus, not only is additional transport equipment between the respective units eliminated, but also energy and cost are saved. So that the water content of the dried sludge can be reduced to 50% -40% or even below 40%. In the method for drying sludge using the combined apparatus, the management of each treatment step of the sludge is achieved by the operation of controlling the conveyance amount or speed of the sludge block performed in the belt conveyor adjusting apparatus 2 so that the drying process of the sludge becomes smooth, thereby making the sludge treated in each unit reach a predetermined water content.
Although various preferred embodiments are exemplified in the present application, the present invention is not limited to the description, and one skilled in the art can make variations and modifications to the individual components or devices in the bottom drying sludge dryer of the present invention through the above-described design ideas of the present invention, and such variations and modifications are within the scope of the inventive concept.
Claims (14)
1. A combination for drying sludge, the combination comprising:
a belt dehydrator (1) located at the upper part for dehydrating the liquid sludge to obtain a solid sludge block and having an inlet for receiving the liquid sludge and an outlet (E) for discharging the sludge block;
a vertical crusher (3) for crushing the dewatered sludge mass into small masses and having a feed opening (33) for receiving the sludge mass and a discharge opening (36) for discharging the crushed small masses; and
a horizontal drier (4) at the lower part for drying the crushed sludge pellets and having a feed port (44) for receiving the pellets and a discharge port (43) for discharging dried sludge pellets;
belt conveyor adjustment device (2) comprising a hopper (24) and a belt conveyor (22) arranged inside the hopper for conveying sludge blocks, wherein the hopper has a receiving opening (21) for receiving sludge blocks and a discharge opening (23) for discharging sludge blocks, and wherein the amount or speed of feeding of sludge blocks to the vertical crusher can be controlled by adjusting the operation of the belt conveyor;
the belt conveying adjusting device and the vertical crusher are positioned between the belt dehydrator and the horizontal drier, and the position of the belt conveying adjusting device is higher than that of the vertical crusher;
wherein the vertical crusher is positioned in the vicinity of an end wall of a hopper of the belt conveyor adjustment device having a discharge opening,
the horizontal drier is characterized in that the longitudinal direction of a drying chamber of the drier is parallel to the ground, wherein a turning device for turning sludge small blocks is arranged in the drying chamber, and the rotation axis of a rotation shaft of the turning device is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the drying chamber.
2. The combination according to claim 1, characterized in that the receiving opening (21) of the belt conveyor adjustment device (2) is located below the outlet opening (E) of the belt dryer (1), the feeding opening (33) of the vertical crusher (3) is flush with or below the discharge opening (23) of the belt conveyor adjustment device, and the feeding opening (44) of the horizontal dryer (4) is located below the discharge opening (36) of the vertical crusher (3).
3. The combination according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the length direction of the belt dehydrator (1) and the horizontal dryer (4) is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the combination, and the vertical crusher (3) and the belt conveyor adjustment device (2) are arranged offset in the longitudinal direction of the combination, wherein the receiving opening (21) of the belt conveyor adjustment device (2) is located directly below the outlet opening (E) of the belt dehydrator (1), and the feeding opening (44) of the horizontal dryer (4) is located directly below the discharge opening (36) of the vertical crusher (3).
4. A combination according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the conveyor belt of the belt conveyor (22) is greater than or equal to the cross-sectional area of the outlet (E) of the belt dewaterer (1) so that sludge blocks from the outlet (E) can be completely received on the conveyor belt of the belt conveyor (22).
5. A combination according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the belt conveyor adjustment means and the vertical crusher are positioned side by side on top of the horizontal drier and the belt conveyor adjustment means is raised by means of a support means, the discharge opening (23) of the hopper being formed in one end wall thereof so as to communicate with the feed opening of the vertical crusher.
6. A combination according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the vertical crusher has a vertically arranged shell and a crushing assembly arranged in the shell, wherein the feed opening is formed in a side wall of the shell but above the crushing assembly or in a top cover of the shell, and wherein a lower opening of the shell serves as the discharge opening, the crushing assembly comprising a rotatable assembly and a stationary assembly.
7. The combination of claim 6, wherein the rotatable assembly is positioned above and rotates relative to the fixed assembly, and wherein the rotatable assembly includes a rotatable shaft and a plurality of rotatable arms cantilevered outwardly at right angles to a lower end of the rotatable shaft, the plurality of rotatable arms having a plurality of crushing members projecting downwardly; the fixing assembly includes a center post and a plurality of ring members, wherein a plurality of struts extend outwardly from the center post at right angles, wherein one end of each strut is fixed to the center post and the other end is connected to a wall of the housing, and the plurality of ring members are disposed on the struts at intervals along a length direction of the struts such that each crushing member of the rotatable assembly is staggered with the ring members of the fixing assembly.
8. The combination of claim 7 wherein said ring member has a plurality of spaced apart projections.
9. The combination of claim 1 or 2, wherein the horizontal dryer comprises a bottom dryer, a side-vented horizontal dryer, or a bottom and side combination vented horizontal dryer.
10. The combination according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bottom drying horizontal dryer is a horizontal back-mix dryer with a first drying chamber and a second drying chamber, which communicate at one end of the dryer, and in that a turning device for shearing, breaking and turning sludge small pieces is provided in the first drying chamber and the second drying chamber, wherein the turning shaft of the turning device is arranged horizontally in the drying chamber, and in that at least one communication opening (46) communicating with the outside is formed in the bottom wall of the drying chamber.
11. The combination of claim 10, wherein the horizontal back-mix drier has a third drying chamber (42) for drying gas, wherein drying gas can be fed into the third drying chamber and enter the drying chamber through a port provided in the communication port.
12. The combination of claim 1, wherein the horizontal dryer is a bottom drying type horizontal dryer having a drying chamber, wherein a communication port for communicating with an external environment is formed at the bottom of the drying chamber, and external air can be introduced into the drying chamber through the communication port by raising the bottom of the dryer, so as to dry sludge pellets or fragments turned up in the drying chamber.
13. A method for drying sludge using a combined device according to any one of claims 1 to 12, the method comprising the steps of:
conveying the liquid sludge into a belt dehydrator positioned at the upper part of the combined device through a conveying pipeline, and starting the belt dehydrator to dehydrate the liquid sludge so as to obtain a solid sludge block;
enabling a sludge block at an outlet of the belt dehydrator to fall into a hopper positioned below the belt dehydrator through a receiving port of a belt conveying adjustment device by means of self gravity, and simultaneously starting the belt conveyor to control the feeding amount or speed of the sludge block to a discharge port formed on an end wall of the hopper;
the sludge blocks fall into the vertical crusher near the end of the hopper with the discharge hole by means of the self weight, and simultaneously a crushing assembly in the vertical crusher is started to crush the sludge blocks in the vertical crusher into sludge small blocks; and
the sludge small blocks fall into a first drying chamber of the horizontal back-mixing drier by means of the weight of the sludge small blocks, a first turning device in the first drying chamber is started, so that the sludge small blocks or fragments in the first drying chamber are turned, sheared and crushed through a turning assembly of the first turning device, then the sludge small blocks or fragments are turned, sheared and crushed again through a turning assembly of a second turning device in a second drying chamber, and meanwhile drying gas is enabled to enter the first drying chamber and the second drying chamber to dry the small blocks and enable the small blocks to be powdered, and a valve arranged at a discharge opening of the horizontal back-mixing drier is opened when the small blocks in the drying chamber reach a preset water content, so that dried particles or particles are discharged out of the horizontal drier.
14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that the length direction of the belt dehydrator and the horizontal back-mix drier is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the combined device, and the vertical crusher and the belt conveyor adjusting device are arranged offset in the longitudinal direction of the combined device.
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| CN110342771B (en) * | 2019-07-28 | 2022-08-26 | 梁秀宜 | Automatic feeding type sludge treatment equipment |
| CN112573794B (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2024-06-18 | 广州正晟科技有限公司 | Sludge drying system and method for drying sludge by using same |
| CN115406216B (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2023-07-28 | 湖南金凯循环科技有限公司 | Equipment for drying ferric phosphate |
| CN117685768B (en) * | 2024-02-02 | 2024-04-30 | 多氟多（昆明）科技开发有限公司 | Drying device with uniform heating structure for lithium fluoride production |
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