JPH11315309A - Method for grasping dropping condition of granular powder, instrument for measuring dropping material and instrument for measuring dropping material for blast furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a grasping method for the dropping condition of granular powder in which the quantity of a dropped material quantity such as the granular powder, can accurately be measured and the effect of external disturbance can be reduced, a measuring instrument of the dropped material and a dropped material measuring instrument used for a blast furnace. SOLUTION: The distribution of the dropped quantity of a war material in the longitudinal direction of a long body 11 is grasped by inserting the long body 11 into a blast furnace, hitting the raw material dropped in the blast furnace against the long body 11 and detecting the variation of acceleration generated due to the collision of the raw material in the longitudinal direction of the long body 11. Such a dropped material measuring instrument 7 is provided with the long body 11, acceleration detecting means 21 in which lots of them are set at a prescribed interval P in the longitudinal direction of the long body 11 are detecting the accelerating variation caused by the collision of the dropped material and buffering means 22 disposed between the acceleration detecting means 21 and the long body 11.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method of detecting a falling position of a granular powder to be charged into an apparatus to grasp a falling state of the granular powder, and to measure a falling object of the granular material. More particularly, the present invention relates to a method for grasping a falling state of granular powder and a falling object measuring apparatus suitable for a case where a granular powder is a raw material for a blast furnace using a blast furnace as an apparatus.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, by measuring a falling position of a raw material charged into a blast furnace from a furnace top charging device of the blast furnace, the distribution of the raw material in the blast furnace is grasped to stabilize the operation. Therefore, by inserting a cylindrical long body into the blast furnace and measuring the situation where the raw material falling in the blast furnace hits the long body by some means, the drop position of the raw material charged into the blast furnace is detected. The way has been done.

In Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-72953, a concave portion is provided at an upper portion of a predetermined region in the longitudinal direction, and a probe having a soft solid material embedded in the concave portion is used. The probe is inserted into a furnace and exposed to a falling material. In addition, there has been proposed a method in which an indentation is generated in the soft solid material by an impact when the raw material falls, and the state of the raw material falling at a specific portion in the furnace is grasped from the indentation. Although this method can directly measure the amount of falling objects,
It is not suitable for automatic measurement such as aging or continuous measurement.

[0004] Therefore, Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-40484,
Japanese Utility Model Application Laid-Open No. 21549/1972 and Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No.
In the publication, a large number of pressure-sensitive measuring members are arranged in a row in an upward direction, and the probes are arranged substantially horizontally toward the inside of the furnace, and the falling material is exposed to the probe and passed therethrough. There has been proposed a method of continuously detecting a load change at a specific site and measuring a falling state of a raw material.
As the pressure-sensitive measuring member, a load cell, a strain gauge, or the like having a built-in piezoelectric element is used.

[0005] In Japanese Patent Publication No. 61-177304, a probe having gas ejection nozzles arranged at equal intervals is inserted into a material dropping section toward the reactor core to reduce the amount of gas ejection when a falling object passes. There has been proposed a method of measuring a falling position of a falling object by continuously measuring the degree of the drop as a pressure change of each nozzle. In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 3-207804, sensors for detecting a pseudo AE generated when a raw material collides with a bar disposed in a furnace are provided at both ends of the bar outside the furnace, and pseudo AEs to the opposing sensors are provided. A method has been proposed in which a raw material drop position is detected from the difference in arrival time of the raw material, and the spread of the raw material fall is detected from the difference between the arrival time of the low level and the arrival time of the high level among the detection signals of at least one sensor.

[0006]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] JP-B-61-1773
No. 04-207804.
The method using the pseudo AE disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. HEI 7-205 is susceptible to disturbance and has a problem that measurement accuracy is poor.

In the method using a pressure-sensitive measuring member as disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-40484, a sensor for measuring pressure or weight is used as a pressure-sensitive measuring member, and a raw material placed on a receiving plate of each sensor is used. Will be measured. However, the raw material is a granular material, and it is necessary to cause a phenomenon that the raw material is piled up in the longitudinal direction of the probe at the falling position, so that the probe is arranged horizontally and the surface area of the receiving plate is increased. There is a problem that it is difficult to accurately measure the amount of the falling raw material.

The present invention has been made in order to solve such a problem, and a method for grasping a falling state of granular powder capable of accurately measuring the amount of a falling object and reducing the influence of disturbance. An object of the present invention is to provide a falling object measuring device and a falling object measuring device for a blast furnace.

[0009]

In order to grasp the falling situation of a falling object, the conventional wisdom that the physical quantity must correspond to the weight or capacity of the falling object is broken, and the acceleration due to the individual collision of the falling object is broken. The present inventors have completed the present invention by confirming through experiments that the fall situation can be grasped by the change.

[0010] That is, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for inserting a long body into an apparatus, and applying a granular powder falling in the apparatus to the long body, In a method for grasping the fall state of the granular powder by detecting a change in the physical quantity caused by the collision in the longitudinal direction of the elongated body to grasp the fall state of the granular powder, an acceleration is used as the physical quantity, and the granular powder is used. This is a method for grasping the falling state of granular powder, which is characterized by extracting signals due to individual collisions of the body.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, a plurality of acceleration detecting means are arranged at predetermined intervals in a longitudinal direction of the elongated body, and the acceleration detecting means is installed on the elongated body via a buffer means. Detecting a change in acceleration caused by the granular powder colliding with each of the acceleration detecting means, and comparing the acceleration changes of the plurality of acceleration detecting means to drop the granular powder in the longitudinal direction of the elongated body. Understand the distribution of quantities.

[0012] The invention of claim 3 is claim 1 or claim 2.
In the above, the acceleration detecting means has a collision portion exposed to the surface of the elongated body and directly hit by the granular powder.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect, the collision portion is provided so as to be embedded in an opening in a surface of the elongated body.

[0014] The invention of claim 5 is the first to fifth aspects of the present invention.
In any one of the above, the elongated body is obliquely inserted into the furnace.

The invention of claim 6 is the first to fifth aspects of the present invention.
In any of the preceding claims, the equipment is a blast furnace, and the granular powder is a raw material for a blast furnace.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided an elongate body, and acceleration detecting means which is provided at a predetermined interval in a longitudinal direction of the elongate body and detects a change in acceleration due to a collision of the falling object;
Buffer means between the acceleration detection means and the elongated body,
It is a falling object measuring device provided with.

According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, in the seventh aspect, the acceleration detecting means includes a collision portion exposed to the surface of the elongated body and hitting the falling object, and a mounting portion fixed to the collision portion. And a sensor unit attached to the attachment unit for detecting acceleration.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, in the ninth aspect, the elongated body has a cylindrical shape having a hollow portion, and the collision portion is located at an opening provided on a surface of the elongated body. An attachment portion is housed, and the buffer means is provided between the attachment portion and the elongated body.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, in the ninth aspect,
The buffer means is a combination of at least one of a viscoelastic body such as rubber and an elastic body such as a spring.

The invention of claim 11 is the invention according to claim 9 wherein
A purging means for injecting gas into the hollow portion of the elongated body and blowing out gas from the gap to the outside is provided.

According to a twelfth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an elongated body, a plurality of elongated bodies arranged at predetermined intervals in a longitudinal direction of the elongated body, and acceleration detecting means for detecting an acceleration change due to a collision of the falling object; A falling object measuring device comprising: a calculating unit that receives a signal from an acceleration detecting unit and calculates a distribution, a mainstream position, and a width of a fall of the long body in a longitudinal direction.

According to a thirteenth aspect of the present invention, in the twelfth aspect, the arithmetic unit sets a threshold value for a signal from each acceleration detecting means, and counts a number exceeding the threshold value.
Calculating the standard deviation for the signal from each acceleration detecting means, FFT for the signal from each acceleration detecting means
, Calculating a moving average of the signal from each acceleration detecting means, and calculating a cross-correlation of the signal from each acceleration detecting means.

A blast furnace apparatus according to a fourteenth aspect of the present invention is a blast furnace fallen object measuring apparatus for grasping a falling state of a raw material falling in a blast furnace, wherein the long blast furnace is provided so as to protrude along a falling trajectory of the raw material. A body, a plurality of bodies installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction of the elongated body, acceleration detecting means for detecting an acceleration change due to the collision of the raw material, and a buffer installed between the acceleration detecting means and the elongated body. Means, in a state where the acceleration detection means is exposed in the fall trajectory so that the raw material collides,
A fallen object measuring device for a blast furnace, comprising: a reinforcing structure that supports the outer periphery of the elongated body to form a double structure and forms a heat insulating space between the elongated body and the outer periphery. .

According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, in the fourteenth aspect, the reinforcing elongated body includes a tubular body that is opened in a falling trajectory of the raw material, and the elongated body that is dropped from the opening of the tubular body. It comprises a large number of support legs that protrude into the trajectory and are supported, and form the heat insulating space between itself and the outer periphery of the long body.

According to a sixteenth aspect of the present invention, in accordance with the fourteenth or fifteenth aspect, the acceleration detecting means includes a collision portion exposed on the surface of the elongated body and directly hitting the raw material; It comprises a mounting portion fixed to the collision portion, and a sensor portion mounted on the mounting portion in the elongated body and detecting acceleration.

According to a seventeenth aspect, in the sixteenth aspect, the buffer means is provided between the elongated body and the mounting portion.

According to an eighteenth aspect of the present invention, in the fourteenth or seventeenth aspect, the buffer means is a combination of at least one of a viscoelastic body such as rubber and an elastic body such as a spring.

According to a nineteenth aspect of the present invention, in any one of the fourteenth to seventeenth aspects, the elongated body is connected to a purge means for injecting gas into the elongated body and blowing gas out of the gap to the outside. ing.

According to a twentieth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an acceleration detecting means for detecting a change in acceleration due to the impact of a falling object, and an arithmetic unit for judging the brand and particle size of the charged material using the acceleration value obtained from the acceleration detecting means. It is a falling object measuring device provided.

[0030]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the inside of a main part of the furnace top of the blast furnace.

The raw materials of coke and iron ore are each weighed by a bucket or the like and conveyed to the furnace top of the blast furnace, where they are charged. A charging device defining a chamber is used. FIG. 1 shows a charging apparatus 1 of a pressure equalizing chamber bell type fixed to a furnace top.

The charging device 1 is provided with a bell-shaped closing member (lower bell) 2 and a substantially cylindrical lower bell hopper 3 arranged at the center of the furnace top, and a plurality of bell hoppers 3 in the furnace circumferential direction at the furnace top. Movable armor 4, a hollow member 6 fixed obliquely downward to the furnace wall 5 below the movable armor 4, and a long body located below the tilt locus of the movable armor 4 through the hollow member 6. And a falling object measuring device 7.

The movable armor 4 can be tilted by the driving device 10 to a predetermined position indicated by a two-dot chain line. As shown in the figure, the raw material that has fallen from the lower bell 2 collides with the movable armor 4 and is repelled, and falls onto the raw material that has already been charged and deposited. At this time, if the tilt angle of the movable armor 4 is changed, the rate at which the raw material collides with and repels the movable armor 4 changes, the falling trajectory of the raw material changes, and the sediment distribution state also changes.

In order to accurately control the state of distribution for each accumulation, it is necessary to accurately grasp the falling state, which is the falling trajectory of the raw material that collides with the movable armor 4 and repels. For this purpose, the charging device 1 has a configuration in which the falling object measuring device 7 can be inserted into the blast furnace.

The falling object measuring device 7 is connected to the cable 12 extracted from the outside end of the long body 11 and connected to the arithmetic unit 1.
4 and a purging unit 16 for sending compressed air for purging into the elongated body 11.

Opening / closing means 17 using a ball valve is mounted outside the furnace of the hollow member 6. When the opening / closing means 17 is closed with the elongated body 11 removed, communication between the inside and outside of the furnace is closed. Open the opening / closing means 17 and set the elongated body 1 of a known length.
When 1 is inserted into the hollow member 6, as shown in the figure, the blast furnace is protruded from the falling trajectory of the raw material so as to incline downward toward the sediment and enters a measurement state. Further, a space between the elongated member 11 and the hollow member 6 is sealed by a seal portion 18, and a purge unit 16 is connected between the elongated member 11 and the hollow member 6.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a main part of the falling object measuring device 7. FIG. 3A is a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 3B is a top view of the tip. The falling object measuring device 7 is configured to further include a long body 11, an acceleration detecting unit 21, and a buffering unit 22. The elongated body 11 has a hollow portion 23 and an opening 24.
The first elongate body 11a which passes through the hollow member 6 (not shown) and is located in the furnace, and the hollow member 6 (not shown) It has an operation part which is located outside and can be pushed and pulled and rotated, and comprises a second elongated body 11b which can be connected to the purge means 16 and the measuring instrument 15.

The acceleration detecting means 21 includes a collision part 26 located in the opening 24, a mounting part 27 located in the hollow part 23, and a sensor part 28 mounted on the mounting part 27. The buffering means 22 is provided on the side of the mounting portion 27 on the side of the collision portion 26, and a viscoelastic body 31 such as rubber provided between the mounting portion 27 and the hollow portion 23 and the collision portion 26 of the mounting portion 27.
And an elastic body 32 such as a spring provided between the mounting portion 27 and the hollow portion 23.

The first elongated body 11a is a hollow cylindrical body having a circular cross section as shown in the figure, and small circular openings 24 are arranged at predetermined intervals on the upper surface thereof. The collision portion 26 has a surface shape that follows the circular cross section of the long body 11, and the opening portion 2
It has a cylindrical shape with a small gap with the fourth. Therefore, a large number of acceleration detecting means 21 can be installed at a predetermined interval P in the longitudinal direction of the elongated body 11. The opening 24 is not limited to a small circle, but may be an ellipse capable of increasing a collision area.

The second elongated body 11b is also a hollow cylindrical body having a circular cross section, and can be connected by a screwed portion 11c having a hole. An operating rod 11 is attached to the end of the second elongated body 11b outside the furnace.
d is fixed in a T-shape, and a pipe 1 for extracting a cable
A pipe 11f with valve means connectable to 1e and the purge means 16 is provided. The cable from the sensor section 28 of each acceleration detecting means 21 passes through the hole of the screwing section 11c, is collected by the pipe 11e, and is connected to the measuring instrument 15. The purge means 16 is a compressed air source capable of sending compressed air having a pressure equal to or higher than the furnace internal pressure, and is supplied to the hollow portion of the first elongated body 11a through the hollow portion of the second elongated body 11b and the hole of the screw portion 11c. Compressed air is introduced, and the collision portion 26 and the opening 24
It is configured to blow out from between. This prevents the raw material powder or the like from entering between the collision portion 26 and the opening 24, so that the detection accuracy of the acceleration detecting means 21 is not deteriorated or a failure occurs.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show specific examples of the structure of the acceleration detecting means 21 schematically shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the acceleration detecting means 21, and FIG.
1 is a cross-sectional view of FIG.

The spacer 35 forming a part of the first elongated body 11a is supported by a support 36 so that the acceleration detecting means 21 can be extracted from the first elongated body 11a in the radial direction.
It is screwed to the body of 1a. The support 36 has an inverted T-shaped cross section and is screwed to the inner surface of the first elongated body 11a. The spacer 35 is mounted on the support 36 from the outside and screwed. A circular opening 24 is provided at the center of the spacer 35 so that the mounting portion 27 can be pressed against the bottom surface of the spacer 35 via the viscoelastic body 31 using a rubber plate.

The mounting portion 27 is a block body to which a plate member 37 to which the sensor portion 28 is fixed can be screwed to a side surface.
It has an internal space in which the sensor 28 can be stored. The elastic body 32 using a coil spring passes through the hole 27 a of the mounting portion 27 and the contact surface 27 of the mounting portion 27.
and a plug screw 38 screwed into the first elongated body 11a.

The collision part 26 is fixed to the mounting part 27 with screws. The impact of the raw material hitting the collision portion 26 is
Is directly transmitted to the sensor unit 28 via the. However, the impact of the mounting portion 27 is absorbed by the elastic body 32 and the viscoelastic body 3
At 1 it is rapidly attenuated. In addition, the impact of the raw material hitting the spacer 35 is rapidly attenuated by the elastic body 32 and the viscoelastic body 31, and is hardly transmitted to the acceleration detecting means 21. Therefore, each acceleration detecting means 21 can separate only the collision of the raw material hitting the corresponding collision section 26 and detect it as acceleration.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an installation structure of another acceleration detecting means 121. Oval openings 124 are provided at predetermined intervals in the first elongated body 111a. Acceleration detecting means 121 sandwiched by hollow rubber cylinder viscoelastic body 131 located in internal space 123 of first elongated body 111a
Is held in the first elongated body 111a via the viscoelastic body 131 so that the collision portion 126 is positioned in the opening 124. Internal space 123 of first elongated body 111a
Then, the viscoelastic body 131 of the hollow rubber cylinder is pushed in, and then the acceleration detecting means 121 is pushed so that the tip thereof fits into the viscoelastic body 131, and further the viscoelastic body is fitted so that the rear end of the acceleration detecting means 121 fits. Pressing 131 is repeated. Then, the acceleration detecting means 121 is screwed with a bolt (not shown). In this manner, a number of acceleration detecting means 121 can be arranged at predetermined intervals from the end of the internal space 123 of the first elongated body 111a. However, it is easier to fit the acceleration detecting means from above as shown in FIGS.

It should be noted that the acceleration detecting means 121
26, a mounting portion 127 on which the collision portion 126 is fixed, and the sensor portion 1 fixed on the mounting portion 127 via a plate.
28 is the same as FIG. The raw material that collides with the collision portion 126 is directly transmitted to the sensor portion 128, but the impact of the raw material that hits the surface of the first elongated body 111 a or the collision portion 126 of the other acceleration detecting means 121 is reduced by the viscoelastic material 131. Is rapidly attenuated.

In FIG. 2 and FIG.
In order to increase the sensitivity in the direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the sensor parts 28 and 128, the sensor parts 28 and 128 and the collision parts 26 and 126
Are directly separated from the first elongated bodies 11a and 111a, and viscoelastic 31 is used to reduce the sensitivity in the longitudinal direction.
And an elastic body 32 and a viscoelastic 131 are provided. Next, a sensor unit which can be used for the acceleration detecting means 21 and 121 and is manufactured so as to be able to detect acceleration in only one direction perpendicular to the longitudinal direction will be described with reference to FIGS. I do.

FIG. 6 shows a compression type sensor section of the piezoelectric acceleration sensor. Shaft 4 erected on base 41
A hollow disk-shaped piezoelectric element 42 and a weight 43 are inserted into 1a, held by a nut 44, and the base 41 is covered by a case 45. The sensitivity is high in the direction of the axis 41a.

FIG. 7 shows a shearing type sensor section of the piezoelectric acceleration sensor. Shaft 5 erected on base 51
A hollow disk-shaped piezoelectric element 52 is mounted in the middle of 1a in a dangling state, a weight 53 is mounted on the outer periphery of the piezoelectric element 52, and the base 51 is covered with a case 55. The sensitivity is high in the direction of the axis 51a.

Among the above-mentioned sensor units, acceleration sensors used for deploying an airbag used particularly for an occupant protection system for a vehicle are mass-produced at low cost.
Therefore, it is preferable to use an acceleration sensor for detecting a vehicle collision. However, not only such a piezoelectric acceleration sensor, but when a conductor moves in a magnetic field, an electromotive force proportional to the speed is generated. Can also be used. Also, a servo-type acceleration sensor that detects the change in the pendulum (capacitance) with a current to obtain the acceleration,
A resistance strain gauge is attached to a diaphragm (spring), etc., and the applied force is applied by using a resistance strain gauge type acceleration sensor that calculates acceleration from the applied force and change in resistance, or the piezoresistive effect of silicon single crystal. A semiconductor strain gauge type acceleration sensor that obtains acceleration from a change in resistance and resistance can also be used.

Further, an acceleration sensor for detecting a limited frequency as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 can be used. FIG.
Indicates that the piezoelectric body 61 itself or the resonance plate 62
An acceleration sensor called a collision sensor that causes the piezoelectric body 61 to be distorted by the movement of the additional mass as described above can be used. While the acceleration sensor of FIGS. 6 and 7 can detect a wide range of frequencies, the range of frequencies that can be detected is limited due to the resonance frequency of the resonance plate, and it is possible to detect an on-off shock wave. Also, as shown in FIG.
An acceleration sensor called a vibration sensor in which two piezoelectric elements 64 bonded together can be supported in a cantilever manner via a support body 65 to simply detect only vibration can be used. This is an acceleration sensor that can output only the resonance point output.

Next, the individual acceleration detecting means 21 shown in FIG.
FIG. 1 shows a function of the arithmetic unit 14 for detecting the distribution of the raw material falling in the longitudinal direction of the elongated body 11 from the acceleration detected by the computer.
This will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 10, data from each acceleration detecting means (hereinafter referred to as an acceleration sensor) is collected at a sampling period of 100 μs, for example (S1). After processing the acceleration signal of each acceleration sensor with a low-pass filter (S2), the acceleration signal is compared with a predetermined threshold value S (S2).
3). The number of acceleration signals exceeding the threshold value S is generated during the sampling period and counted and integrated to obtain a number, for example, n (S4). A frequency graph is created based on the value of the n value for each of the 1 to m acceleration sensors (S5). The frequency graph is approximated by a curve, and the position of the peak point P is calculated to obtain the mainstream position (= the position of the peak point P), and the width w of the raw material flow from the spread from the peak point P of the frequency graph is calculated. The calculation is performed (S6). With this, it is possible to calculate which portion of the long body and how wide the raw material is falling, and where the mainstream position is.

In FIG. 11, data from each acceleration detecting means (also referred to as an acceleration sensor) is collected, for example, at a sampling period of 100 μs (S11). After processing the acceleration signal of each acceleration sensor with a low-pass filter (S12), a standard deviation (σ) is calculated. (S13).
A frequency graph is created based on the value of the standard deviation value for each of the 1 to m acceleration sensors (S14). The frequency graph is approximated by a curve, the position of the peak point P is calculated to find the mainstream position, and the width w of the material flow is calculated from the spread from the peak point P of the frequency graph (S15).
With this, it is possible to calculate which portion of the long body and how wide the raw material is falling, and where the mainstream position is.

In the calculation in the calculation section, a threshold value is set for the signal from each acceleration detecting means, the number exceeding the threshold value is counted, and a standard deviation is calculated for the signal from each acceleration detecting means. Not limited to this, the FFT is applied to the signal from each acceleration detecting means, the moving average is calculated for the signal from each acceleration detecting means, and the cross-correlation of the signal from each acceleration detecting means is calculated. Either can be used. Further, by processing the above-mentioned signals in a plurality of AND circuits or OR circuits, it is also possible to calculate which portion of the long body and how much width the raw material falls.

Next, a method of grasping the falling state of the blast furnace raw material using the above-described falling object measuring device 7 will be described with reference to FIGS. In FIG. 1, the opening / closing means 17 of the hollow member 6 is opened, and the long body 11 is pushed into the furnace while passing through the seal portion 18. When the insertion position of the elongate body 11 in the furnace is in a known state, the elongate body 11 is fixed to the hollow member 6 and the cable 12 and the measuring device 15 are connected.
The purging means 16 is connected to both the long body 11 and the long body 11.

Then, the raw material falling from the lower bell 2 hits the movable armor 4 and changes its direction, and the raw material falling and hits the elongated body 11. As shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of acceleration detecting means 21 are arranged on the elongated body 11 at predetermined intervals. Each time the raw material hits the collision portion 26 of FIG.
This impact is detected as a change in acceleration. Then, in each of the longitudinal directions of the elongated body 11, a signal corresponding to the number of colliding raw materials can be extracted. This signal is shown in FIG.
If the processing is performed as shown in FIG. 11 or FIG. 11, it is possible to determine at which portion of the elongated body the width of the raw material is dropped.

As shown in FIG. 2, since each acceleration detecting means 21 of the elongated body 11 is installed via the buffer means 22,
The impact of the raw material hitting the surface of the elongated body 11 other than the collision part 26 and the other collision part 26 is rapidly attenuated by the buffer means 22,
It becomes easy to extract a signal of an acceleration change corresponding to the number of raw materials hitting each acceleration detecting means 21.

Further, by using the acceleration detecting means 21 having high sensitivity in the direction orthogonal to the longitudinal direction of the elongated body 11, it becomes possible to selectively extract the signal of the falling raw material in combination with the buffer means.

The collision portion 26 is formed in the opening 2 of the elongated body 11.
4, the impact of the raw material directly hitting the collision portion 26 can be transmitted to the sensor portion 28 via the attachment portion 27 as it is. In addition, collision part 2
6 is provided so as to be embedded in the opening 24, there is only a gap between the collision portion 26 and the opening 24, and the possibility of clogging of the raw material powder is reduced. Further, since the compressed air is blown into the furnace from the gap between the collision portion 26 and the opening 24 by the purging means 16, the powder of the raw material is blown off,
It is possible to prevent the impact detection of the collision section 26 from being deteriorated due to the clogging.

Since the elongated body 11 is inserted obliquely downward into the furnace as shown in FIG. 1, the raw material hitting the elongated body 11 rebounds obliquely, and does not stop on the elongated body 11 continuously. Fall. Further, since the cross section of the elongated body 11 is circular as shown in FIG. 2, the raw material hitting the elongated body 11 rebounds obliquely and drops continuously. Therefore, the signal of the acceleration change corresponding to each of the falling raw materials becomes accurate.

Next, the acceleration detecting means 21 shown in FIG.
The function of determining the brand and particle size of the charged raw material from the acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 12, data from the acceleration sensor is collected, for example, at a sampling period of 100 μs (microsecond) (S16). Read the maximum value of the acceleration signal (S1
7). With the calibration curve created in advance,

[0063]

(Equation 1)

The value of is obtained (S18). A known value is substituted for the height h to determine the mass m (S19). If the raw material brand is known, the particle diameter can be determined because the density is known. Conversely, if the raw material particle size is known, the raw material brand can be known (S20).

[0065]

EXAMPLE An example of grasping a falling state of blast furnace raw material by a simulation experiment will be described below. An elongated body 11 in which eight compression-type piezoelectric acceleration sensors were arranged at intervals of 100 mm was used. An experiment in which 10 girograms of pellets, which are raw materials of a blast furnace, were put in a bucket, and the pellets were dropped toward three acceleration sensors at the tips, was repeated three times.

When the paper is stuck on the long body 11, the color of the iron oxide of the pellet remains on the paper as a trace. This state is shown in FIG. In all three experiments, it can be seen that the raw material was falling toward the No. 2 acceleration sensor at the tip.

FIGS. 14 to 16 show waveform diagrams of acceleration signals of the respective acceleration sensors corresponding to the three drop tests. It can be seen from FIG. 13 that the vibration of the signal waveform of the acceleration sensor of No. 2 at the tip is dense.

FIG. 17 is a graph of frequency obtained by calculating the standard deviation of each acceleration sensor for each of FIGS. 14 to 16. The raw material falls on the number 2 acceleration sensor at the tip, and the width also corresponds to the actual measurement in FIG.

FIG. 18 shows the result of repeating a simulation experiment for two types of collision portions, a circular type and an elliptical type, to confirm the deviation of the main point of fall by actual measurement and measurement. It can be clearly understood that the falling mainstream point can be accurately measured regardless of the shape of the collision portion.

The application of the falling object measuring apparatus to the blast furnace in operation as shown in FIG. 1 is performed by: i) converting the long body 11 (first long bodies 11a, 111a) into a blast furnace in a high temperature region (high temperature gas atmosphere). And the acceleration detecting means 21 and 121 (the sensor unit 2) in the elongated body 11.
8, 128) may be thermally degraded, and if the use condition in a high temperature range continues, the acceleration detecting means 21, 121 may be thermally damaged. ii) When the raw material falling in the blast furnace falls and collides with the high-temperature long body 11 (first long bodies 11a, 111a) protruding in the blast furnace, the long body 11 itself is bent, and is completely bent. There is a possibility that it may not be practical. From the circumstances described in i) and ii) above, the falling object measuring device applied to the blast furnace needs to have a structure excellent in heat resistance and strength. As an example of such a structure, FIGS.
It is preferable to use the following.

In FIG. 19, a falling object measuring device 207 suitable for a blast furnace accommodates the elongated body 11 (including the acceleration detecting means 21 and the buffer means 22) and the elongated body 11 similar to FIGS. Double cylindrical structure 215 with reinforcing elongated body 211 to be supported
And that. The reinforcing elongated body 211 is permanently installed with the opening / closing means 17 opened and inserted into the hollow member 6 so as to be inclined downward toward the sediment of the blast furnace. Alternatively, when the opening / closing means 17 is closed in a state in which the reinforcing elongated body 211 is pulled out from the inside of the hollow member 6, communication with the inside and outside of the blast furnace is closed. In this way, the elongated body 11 is placed in the reinforced elongated body 211 permanently installed in the blast furnace.
Is stored and formed into a double cylindrical structure 215. By inserting the double cylindrical structure 215 into the hollow member 6, the double cylindrical structure 215 is inclined downward to protrude into the falling trajectory of the raw material and falls in the blast furnace. The falling state of the raw material is detected and detected in the same procedure as in FIGS.
Figure out. 19, the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 1 indicate the same members.

Next, the specific structure of the double cylinder structure 215 will be described.
This will be described with reference to FIGS. The reinforcing elongated body 211 of the double cylindrical structure 215 is a cylindrical body having a diameter larger than the outer diameter of the elongated body 11, and has an elongated hole 212 opened on the upper surface of the cylindrical body. The elongated hole 212 has a width larger than the outer diameter of the elongated body 11 and penetrates in the longitudinal direction of the reinforcing elongated body 211. Alternatively, a number of support legs 213 protruding toward the long hole 212 are fixed to the lower portion of the inner periphery of the reinforcing long body 211 by spot welding or the like. Further reinforced elongated body 211
Is provided with two reinforcing plates 214 for closing the elongated holes 212 so as to have openings in the longitudinal direction.
Reference numeral 14 is integrally fixed to the upper surface of the reinforcing elongated body 211 by welding or the like. Thus, the reinforcing elongated body 211 is formed into a dome-shaped cylindrical body whose bending strength is improved by the cylindrical body and each reinforcing plate 214. Then, the elongated body 11 is reinforced with the colliding portion 26 of each acceleration detecting means 21 facing upward.
11 and supported by each support leg 213. Each of the support legs 213 allows the collision portion 26 of the elongated body 11 to be moved.
The side is projected from the opening between the reinforcing plates 214 to the outside of the reinforcing elongated body 211. In this state, the outer periphery of the elongated body 11 and the reinforcing plate 214 are partially fixed by spot welding or the like.

The cables of the respective sensor portions 28 of the elongated body 11 are collected by a pipe 211e which is opened to the second elongated body 11b and penetrates through the reinforcing elongated body 211, and is connected to the measuring instrument 14. Further, the inside of the second elongated body 11b is connected to the purge means 16 by a pipe 211f with valve means penetrating through the inside of the reinforcing elongated body 211 (see FIG. 21).

The double cylinder structure 215 described above is a
1 is eccentric upward from the axis a of the reinforcing elongated body 211 and is supported on the outer circumference, so that the bending strength of the elongated body 11 can be reinforced, and the outer circumference of the elongated body 11 and the inner circumference of the reinforcing elongated body 211 can be strengthened. Can form a space S for heat insulation. And the double cylinder structure 21
Reference numeral 1 denotes a state in which the collision portions 26 of the elongated body 11 face the movable armor 4 as shown in FIG.

Since the falling object measuring device 207 suitable for the blast furnace employs the double cylindrical structure 215, the bending strength of the long body 11 can be reinforced by the reinforcing long body 211. Further, the heat insulating space S can exhibit the effect of air heat insulation for the high temperature gas in the blast furnace. Therefore, the falling object measuring device 207
Is applied to the blast furnace, but the long body 1
1 does not bend, and the heat insulation of the air reduces the temperature rise of each sensor unit 28, thereby eliminating thermal degradation (thermal damage). The purging means 16
Accordingly, the compressed air introduced into the elongated body 11 (the first elongated body 11a) also exerts a cooling effect on each sensor unit 28, and the raw material falling on each reinforcing plate 14 has Can be prevented. Further, by using a large-diameter and thick-walled cylindrical body as the reinforcing elongated body 211, the strength of the elongated body 11 can be dramatically improved.
The compressed air may be introduced into the reinforcing elongated body 211 by the purge means 16 to cool the entire elongated body 11, thereby reducing the thermal deterioration of each sensor section 28. The cable wiring may be facilitated by passing the cable of 28 into the heat insulating space S.

Further, as the double cylinder structure 215, FIG.
As described above, each of the collision portions 26 of the long body 211 may be housed and supported in the reinforcing long body 211 without protruding to the outside. At this time, each opening 24 of the elongated body 11 is opened on the upper surface of the reinforcing elongated body 211, and each collision portion 26 is exposed on the surface of the reinforcing elongated body 211 so that the raw material directly hits. In addition, the elongated body 11 is a support leg 2 of the reinforcing elongated body 211.
13 and fixed by spot welding or the like.

Further, in the above-described falling object measuring devices 7 and 207, each of the collision portions 2 is arranged at a predetermined interval P in the longitudinal direction of the elongated body 11.
6, 126 (acceleration detecting means 21, 121) are installed in a single line.
A dead zone in which a falling object (raw material) cannot be detected occurs. The existence of the dead zone may not allow the falling situation of the falling object to be accurately grasped. Therefore, when the accuracy of the falling situation is required, a plurality of rows (two rows in FIG. 23) of the acceleration detecting means 21 and 121 (collision portions 26 and 126) are installed in the longitudinal direction of the elongated body 11 as shown in FIG. Then, the collision portions 26 and 126 of the adjacent rows are arranged in a staggered manner so that they do not line up. With this, the long body 11
By arranging the collision portions 26 and 126 continuously in the longitudinal direction, the existence of the dead zone in the longitudinal direction can be eliminated, and the falling state of the falling object can be detected and grasped with high accuracy.

In the above embodiment, the case where the blast furnace is used as the equipment and the granular powder is a blast furnace raw material has been described.
The present invention can also be applied to equipment that needs to drop granular powder in a predetermined distribution, such as a conveyor. Further, the bell-shaped charging apparatus has been described as the blast furnace, but the present invention can also be applied to a blast furnace of a type in which the raw material is charged in a radial direction in the furnace by a swirling chute. Further, the cross section of the long body is not limited to a circular shape, and a long body having a rectangular cross section can be used. Also, in the double tube structure of the falling object measuring device applied to the blast furnace, the cross section of the long body or the reinforcing long body is not limited to a circular shape, and a rectangular cross section can be used. In addition, various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

FIG. 24 shows the acceleration generated when several types of samples having different masses m were dropped from a predetermined height h during the drop test.

[0080]

(Equation 2)

Is shown in a grab. Acceleration and

[0082]

(Equation 3)

Is a linear relationship. If the acceleration value is known, the mass m can be known when the height h is known. That is, if the raw material brand is known, the particle diameter can be determined because the density is known. Conversely, if the raw material particle size is known, the raw material brand can be known.

[0084]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the acceleration detecting means outputs a signal corresponding to each of the granular powders which fall and collide with each other. The falling position and distribution of the granular powder can be accurately measured.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the acceleration detecting means is provided on the elongated body via the buffer means, the acceleration change of the granular material colliding with each acceleration detecting means can be detected by another acceleration detecting means. The measurement can be performed separately from the influence of the raw material corresponding to the means.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, the sensitivity is improved because of the collision portion where the raw material directly hits.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the collision portion is buried in the opening on the surface of the long body, the space for dust or the like to be clogged can be reduced.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the rate at which the material hitting the collision portion stops at the collision portion decreases, and the signal corresponding to each of the falling materials becomes accurate.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, in particular, in the case of a blast furnace, the blast furnace raw material in the form of granular powder needs to be charged in a predetermined pattern, so that the present invention is effective.

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the signal corresponding to each of the falling objects hitting the acceleration detecting means isolated from the other acceleration detecting means by the buffer means can be accurately detected, and the acceleration of the acceleration detecting means can be detected. The falling position and distribution of falling objects can be accurately measured based on the signal.

[0091] According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the acceleration detecting means comprises a collision portion and the mounting portion and the sensor portion can Rukoto forming form a compact regardless of the shape of the sensor unit.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, the collision portion is located at the opening on the surface of the cylindrical elongated body, and the entire body is cylindrical.
It has a shape that is easy to insert and makes it difficult for dust from falling to collect. Further, the structure is such that the buffer means can be easily attached.

According to the tenth aspect, the buffer means can be simply configured.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, it is possible to prevent the dust of the falling object from entering through the gap between the opening of the long cylindrical body and the collision portion.

According to the twelfth aspect of the present invention, the acceleration detecting means outputs a signal corresponding to each of the granular powders which fall and collide with each other. Because of the processing, the falling position, distribution, mainstream position and width of the granular powder can be accurately measured.

According to the thirteenth aspect of the present invention, even if there is noise in each acceleration detecting means, it is possible to remove the noise and accurately measure the distribution of the fall of the granular powder, the mainstream position and the width.

According to the blast furnace apparatus invention of claim 14,
The signal corresponding to each of the falling objects hitting the acceleration detecting means isolated from other acceleration detecting means by the buffer means can be accurately detected, and the falling position and distribution of the falling object based on the acceleration signal of the acceleration detecting means. Can be measured accurately. In particular, since there was no double tubular structure that reinforced the long body with the reinforced long body, and a space for heat insulation was formed between the long body and the reinforced long body,
Even if the raw material falling in the blast furnace falls and collides with the long body, the temperature of the acceleration detecting means is increased without bending the long body and blocking the influence of the high-temperature gas in the blast furnace in the adiabatic space. It can be reduced and becomes practical for blast furnaces.

According to the fifteenth aspect, the bending strength of the long body can be reinforced with a simple double cylinder structure, and a heat insulating space can be formed.

According to the sixteenth aspect of the present invention, the acceleration detecting means includes the collision portion, the mounting portion, and the sensor portion, and can be installed compactly in the elongated body regardless of the shape of the sensor portion.

According to the seventeenth aspect, the buffer member can be easily attached.

According to the eighteenth aspect, the buffer means can be simply configured.

According to the nineteenth aspect, it is possible to prevent the raw material from entering the elongated body. Further, the gas purged into the elongated body functions to cool the acceleration detecting means.

According to the twentieth aspect, the processing section processes the acceleration signal based on the acceleration signal from the acceleration detecting means, so that the brand or particle size of the falling raw material can be measured.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the inside of a main part of a furnace top of a blast furnace.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a main part of the falling object measuring device.

FIG. 3 is a vertical sectional view of an acceleration detecting means.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the acceleration detecting means.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an installation structure of another acceleration detecting means.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a structure of a usable sensor unit.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a usable sensor unit.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a usable sensor unit.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a structure of a usable sensor unit.

FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing functions of a calculation unit.

FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing functions of a calculation unit.

FIG. 12 is a flowchart showing functions of a calculation unit.

FIG. 13 is a view showing traces of pellets hitting the elongated body 11;

FIG. 14 is a waveform diagram of an acceleration signal of each acceleration sensor.

FIG. 15 is a waveform diagram of an acceleration signal of each acceleration sensor.

FIG. 16 is a waveform diagram of an acceleration signal of each acceleration sensor.

FIG. 17 is a frequency graph based on the standard deviation of each acceleration sensor.

FIG. 18 is a comparison diagram of an acceleration sensor and detection of a falling mainstream point by actual measurement.

FIG. 19 is a vertical sectional view showing the inside of a main part of the furnace top of a blast furnace and a modified example of the falling object measuring device.

20 is a perspective view showing the falling object measuring device of FIG.

21 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of the falling object measuring device of FIG.

FIG. 22 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a modification of the drop measuring device of FIG.

FIG. 23 is a plan view showing another modified example of the falling object measuring device shown in FIGS. 1 and 19.

FIG. 24 is a diagram showing a relationship between acceleration generated when several types of samples having different masses m are dropped from a predetermined height, mass m, height h, and the like.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 5 Furnace wall of blast furnace 6 Hollow member (member for insertion) 7 Falling object measuring device 11 Long body 14 Operation unit 15 Measuring device 16 Purging means 21 Acceleration detecting means 22 Buffer means 23 Hollow part 24 Opening part 26 Collision part 27 Mounting part 28 Sensor part 31 Viscoelastic body 32 Elastic body 121 Acceleration detecting means 126 Collision part 128 Sensor part 207 Falling object measuring device 211 Reinforced long body 213 Support leg

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Kenji Ito 2 Nadahama-Higashi-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe City, Hyogo Prefecture Inside Kobe Steel, Ltd. Kobe Steel, Ltd.Kobe Works (72) Inventor Nobuyuki Nagai 1 Kanazawacho, Kakogawa City, Hyogo Prefecture Kobe Steel, Ltd.Kakogawa Works Shinko Mex Co., Ltd.In-house (72) Inventor Takatoshi Iwasaki Chiyoda, Niigata-gun, Ibaraki 1764-12 Machigami Inayoshi Mukaihara Autoliv Japan Co., Ltd.

Claims (20)

[Claims] 1. An elongated body is inserted into an apparatus, and a granular powder falling in the apparatus is applied to the elongated body, and a change in a physical quantity caused by collision of the granular powder is measured in a longitudinal direction of the elongated body. In the method for grasping the falling state of the granular powder by detecting the falling state of the granular powder by detecting in a direction, an acceleration is used as the physical quantity, and a signal due to each collision of the granular powder is extracted. How to grasp the falling situation of granular powder. 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of acceleration detecting means are arranged at predetermined intervals in a longitudinal direction of said elongated body, and said acceleration detecting means is installed on said elongated body via a buffer means. Detecting a change in acceleration caused by colliding with each of the plurality of acceleration detecting means, and comprehending a distribution of a drop amount of the granular powder in a longitudinal direction of the long body by comparing acceleration changes of the plurality of acceleration detecting means. Item 1. The method for grasping a falling state of granular powder according to Item 1. 3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the acceleration detecting means has a collision portion exposed to the surface of the elongated body and directly hitting the granular powder. . 4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the collision portion is provided so as to be buried in an opening in a surface of the elongated body. 5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the elongated body is obliquely inserted into the device. 6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the equipment is a blast furnace, and the granular powder is a raw material for a blast furnace. 7. An elongated body, a plurality of elongated bodies installed at predetermined intervals in a longitudinal direction of the elongated body, and acceleration detecting means for detecting a change in acceleration due to a collision of the falling object; the acceleration detecting means; and the elongated body. A falling object measuring device comprising: 8. The acceleration detecting means includes: a collision portion exposed to the surface of the elongated body and hit by the falling object; a mounting portion fixed to the collision portion; and an acceleration mounted on the mounting portion. The falling object measuring device according to claim 7, further comprising a sensor unit that detects the falling object. 9. The elongated body has a cylindrical shape having a hollow portion, and the collision portion is located in an opening provided on a surface of the elongated body.
The fallen object measuring device according to claim 8, wherein the attachment portion is housed in the hollow portion, and the buffer means is provided between the attachment portion and the elongated body. 10. The falling object measuring device according to claim 9 , wherein the buffer means is a combination of at least one of a viscoelastic body such as rubber and an elastic body such as a spring. 11. The falling object measuring apparatus according to claim 9 , further comprising a purge unit for injecting gas into the hollow portion of the elongated body and blowing out gas from the gap to the outside. 12. A long body, a plurality of elongated bodies arranged at predetermined intervals in a longitudinal direction of the elongated body, acceleration detecting means for detecting a change in acceleration due to collision of the falling object, and signals from the plurality of acceleration detecting means. A falling object measuring device comprising: a calculation unit that calculates a distribution, a mainstream position, and a width of a fall of the long body in a longitudinal direction. 13. The arithmetic unit sets a threshold value for a signal from each acceleration detecting means, counts a number exceeding the threshold value, and calculates a standard deviation for a signal from each acceleration detecting means. Applying FFT to a signal from each acceleration detecting means, calculating a moving average of a signal from each acceleration detecting means, or calculating a cross-correlation of a signal from each acceleration detecting means. Item 13. The falling object measuring device according to Item 12. 14. A falling object measuring device for a blast furnace for grasping a falling state of a raw material falling in a blast furnace, comprising: a long body projecting in a falling trajectory of the raw material; A plurality of acceleration detectors that are installed at predetermined intervals in the longitudinal direction and detect a change in acceleration due to the collision of the raw material; a buffer that is installed between the acceleration detector and the elongated body; In a state where the raw material is exposed in the falling trajectory so as to collide, the outer periphery of the elongated body is supported to form a double structure, and a heat insulating space is formed between the raw material and the outer periphery of the elongated body. A fallen object measuring device for a blast furnace, comprising: a reinforced elongated body. 15. The reinforcing elongated body supports a cylindrical body that opens into a falling locus of the raw material, and the elongated body projects from the opening of the cylindrical body into the falling locus, and supports the elongated body. The falling object measuring device for a blast furnace according to claim 14, comprising a plurality of support legs for forming the heat insulating space between the outer periphery of the elongated body and the supporting leg. 16. The elongation detecting means includes: a collision portion exposed to the surface of the elongated body and directly hitting the raw material; a mounting portion fixed to the collision portion in the elongated body; The fallen object measuring device for a blast furnace according to claim 14 or 15, comprising a sensor unit attached to the attachment unit in the body and detecting acceleration. 17. The fallen object measuring device for a blast furnace according to claim 16, wherein the buffer means is provided between the elongated body and the mounting portion. 18. The fallen object measuring device for a blast furnace according to claim 14, wherein the buffer means is a combination of at least one of a viscoelastic body such as rubber and an elastic body such as a spring. 19. The blast furnace according to claim 14, wherein the elongated body is connected to a purge unit for injecting gas into the elongated body and blowing gas out of the gap. Falling object measuring device. 20. An acceleration detecting means for detecting a change in acceleration due to a falling collision, and an arithmetic unit for judging a brand and a granularity of a charged material using an acceleration value obtained from the acceleration detecting means. Falling object measuring device.