JP2009185322A - Method for monitoring abnormal charge into blast furnace, and monitoring device using the method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for monitoring abnormal charge into a blast furnace, which can quickly and accurately detect the abnormal charge, and to provide a device for monitoring the abnormal charge using the method. <P>SOLUTION: This monitoring method includes: detecting a position on which a charged fresh material has been dropped in a blast furnace, in a furnace radius of a predetermined position, when the fresh material to be charged has been charged; measuring the shape of an upper surface layer which has been formed in the furnace radius of the predetermined position by the charged fresh material; deriving an angle θ of a tilting angle of the upper surface layer of the charged fresh material at the dropped position with respect to a horizontal surface, on the basis of the detected dropped position and the measured shape of the upper surface layer; and detecting the abnormal charge of the charged material, on the basis of the angle θ of the tilting angle. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  In order to stabilize the operation of the blast furnace and extend the life of the furnace body by quickly changing the operating conditions with respect to the change in the profile of the charge in the blast furnace, the present invention is introduced into the blast furnace by charging means such as a hopper and a chute. The present invention relates to a charging abnormality monitoring method for monitoring a charging abnormality of charging materials such as ore and coke to be charged, and a charging abnormality monitoring apparatus using this method.

  Conventionally, as a monitoring device for monitoring whether or not the charging abnormality of the charged material charged into the blast furnace by charging means, for example, the control of the tilt angle of the chute or the turning control is functioning normally. An apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is known.

This device uses a souding measuring device installed at the top of the blast furnace to pass the profile depth at a predetermined radial position from the furnace center, the tip position of the swiveling chute, and the raw material falling from the chute. , And the presence or absence of an abnormal charging of the charge into the blast furnace is diagnosed (monitoring) according to an abnormality diagnosis rule determined in advance based on these detections.
JP-A-4-26712

  In the apparatus, the profile depth at the predetermined radial position is used as one of the elements of the charging abnormality monitoring. In the detection of the profile depth by the sounding measurement apparatus at the predetermined radial position, Only the profile depth below the device can be detected. Therefore, when the shape of the entire profile changes, this change may not be detected immediately. Further, it is difficult to accurately determine whether the change in the shape of the profile is due to a change in normal operating conditions such as control of the tilt angle of the chute or due to abnormal charging.

  Accordingly, in view of the above problems, the present invention provides a charging abnormality monitoring method for a blast furnace capable of detecting a charging abnormality quickly and accurately, and a charging abnormality monitoring apparatus using this method. And

  Therefore, the inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive research to solve the above problems, and as a result, when a charging abnormality occurs in the blast furnace, the profile is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane at the dropping position of the charged material in the blast furnace. I found that the angle of the angle changed greatly. Therefore, based on this discovery, the inventors pay attention to the inclination angle at the fall position of the charge, and monitor the abnormal charging of the blast furnace with the following configuration, and the abnormal charging of the blast furnace using this method. Created a monitoring device.

  The charging abnormality monitoring method for a blast furnace according to the present invention is a charging abnormality monitoring method for detecting charging abnormality of a charge stacked in the blast furnace by repeating charging in the blast furnace, When a new charge is loaded, the position of the new charge falling in the blast furnace at the furnace radius at a predetermined position is detected, and the new charge is formed at the furnace radius at the predetermined position. The layer top surface shape is measured, and the angle of the tilt angle with respect to the horizontal plane of the layer top surface of the new charge at the drop position is derived based on the detected drop position and the measured layer top surface shape. It is characterized by detecting the amount of the charged material or more based on the angle.

  According to such a configuration, the detection of the drop position of the newly charged material (new charged material) and the new charged material can be performed in a situation where only limited measurement is possible, such as in an operating blast furnace. The angle of the tilt angle at the dropping position can be easily and accurately derived by measurement with a measuring instrument that is already in practical use in a blast furnace that is already in operation, such as measurement of the shape of the upper surface of the layer formed by the inclusion.

  By observing the angle of the inclination angle thus derived, it becomes possible to quickly and accurately detect (monitor) the change in the profile shape based on the charging abnormality.

  In the blast furnace charging abnormality monitoring method according to the present invention, the angle of inclination is an estimated shape line for imitating the shape of the upper surface of the layer formed by the new charge at the furnace radius at the predetermined position. By setting a continuous function with an unknown coefficient that defines an estimated shape line on the furnace wall side including at least the drop position, and calculating the coefficient of the continuous function based on the measured value obtained by the measurement, A configuration may be adopted in which an estimated shape line on the furnace wall side is derived and an inclination angle at the falling position is derived from the detected fall position and the derived estimated shape line on the furnace wall side.

  According to such a configuration, since a continuous function with an indefinite coefficient that prescribes an estimated shape line on the furnace wall side including the drop position at the predetermined furnace radius is set in advance, the charge is added to the measured layer upper surface shape. Even if there is a partial protrusion, etc. that happens to occur when charging the furnace, a smooth estimated shape line on the furnace wall side is derived without being affected by this partial protrusion, etc. Obtainable.

  Further, since the profile of the furnace center is not required when deriving the inclination angle, it is necessary to perform unnecessary calculations by deriving the estimated shape line on the furnace wall side including at least the dropping position. Disappear.

  Therefore, the angle of the inclination angle at the dropping position can be detected accurately and quickly, and charging abnormality can be monitored more quickly and accurately.

  In the case of the above configuration, the angle of the inclination angle is derived every time a new charge is introduced into the blast furnace, and the inclination angle is compared with each other by comparing the angles of the inclination angles. It is preferable to use a configuration for determining

  According to such a configuration, it is possible to detect the change in the inclination angle more quickly and accurately by deriving and comparing the inclination angle for each charging.

  Further, the continuous function is defined by a plurality of types of section functions defined for a plurality of sections partitioned along the furnace radius at the predetermined position, and each of the plurality of types of section functions is a coefficient. And the range in the furnace radial direction of the predetermined position is undetermined and is set to be continuous at the boundary between adjacent section functions, and the coefficients in all the section functions and the furnace radial direction of the predetermined position based on the measured values It is preferable that the estimated shape line on the furnace wall side is derived by calculating the above range.

  By configuring in this way, the continuous function is divided into a plurality of sections, and a section function that defines a line segment conforming to the shape of the upper surface of the layer is set for each of the plurality of sections to approximate the actual profile. An estimated shape line on the furnace wall side can be obtained. As a result, the angle of the inclination angle can be derived with higher accuracy, and the change in the angle of inclination can be detected with higher accuracy.

  The section function is preferably a function represented on an xy plane in which the furnace center axis is the y-axis and the furnace radius at the predetermined position is the x-axis.

  According to such a configuration, the plurality of interval functions are each expressed in the form y = f (x), and the handling of the functions becomes easy. Therefore, it is easy to calculate the coefficient in each interval function based on the measurement value of the layer upper surface shape and the range in the furnace radial direction of the predetermined position, and it is easy to derive the estimated shape line on the furnace wall side.

  Further, the estimated shape line on the furnace wall side is set with a range in the furnace radial direction of the predetermined position so that a continuous function having an undetermined coefficient defining the estimated shape line is defined by two interval functions. The two interval functions are preferably a linear function in which a line segment defined by the corresponding interval functions in order from the furnace center side to the furnace wall side is a straight line function, and a curve function in which the line segment is a curve.

  According to such a configuration, the estimated shape line on the furnace wall side having a shape corresponding to the shape of the top surface of the charge is obtained by connecting two line segments respectively defined by two interval functions in series. be able to.

  Since the estimated shape line on the furnace wall side can be defined with such a small section function, it becomes easy to calculate the coefficient in each section function based on the measured value of the layer upper surface shape and the range in the furnace radial direction of the predetermined position, The estimated shape line on the furnace wall side can be easily derived. Moreover, since the derived estimated shape line is a shape that conforms to the measured top surface shape of the layer, the inclination angle can be derived with high accuracy.

  Further, the curve function may be a function having a constant angle change rate with respect to the x-axis represented by the following expression (1) or a quadratic function represented by the following expression (2). Good.

y = (− 1 / a) · log | cos (ax + b) | + c (1)
y = fx ² + gx + h (2)
Here, a, b, c, f, g, and h are coefficients.

  According to such a configuration, the curve function is a simple function and has a small number of coefficients, so that it is easier to calculate the coefficient in each section function based on the measurement value and the range in the furnace radial direction of the predetermined position.

  Moreover, the structure which calculates | requires the coefficient in all the said area functions and the range in the said x-axis direction simultaneously using the steepest descent method from the said measured value may be sufficient.

  According to this configuration, the coefficients of all the interval functions and the ranges in the x-axis direction can be easily obtained from the measured values at the same time.

  Further, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the blast furnace charging abnormality monitoring apparatus according to the present invention repeats the charging of the charging material into the blast furnace, thereby preventing the charging abnormality of the charging material stacked in the blast furnace. A charging abnormality monitoring device for detecting, when a new charge is charged, for detecting the fall position of the new charge in the blast furnace at a predetermined furnace radius A drop position detecting means, a measuring means for measuring the layer top surface shape of the new charge, and a tilt angle with respect to the horizontal direction of the layer top surface of the charge at the drop position of the charge are derived. Inclination angle deriving means, and output means for outputting the angle of the inclination angle transmitted from the inclination angle deriving means to the outside, wherein the inclination angle deriving means includes the new device at the furnace radius at the predetermined position. To imitate the shape of the upper surface of the layer formed by the inclusion Stores a continuous function with an unknown coefficient that defines an estimated shape line on the furnace wall side including at least the fall position of the estimated shape line, and the layer top surface shape of the new charge measured by the measuring means The estimated shape line on the furnace wall side is derived by calculating the coefficient of the continuous function based on the measured value of the new charge of the new charge at the furnace radius at the predetermined position detected by the drop position detecting means. Based on the fall position and the derived estimated shape line on the furnace wall side, the angle of the inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane of the upper surface of the layer of the new charge at the fall position is derived. .

  According to such a configuration, the fall position detection means detects the fall position of the new charge, and the measurement means only measures the shape of the upper surface of the layer formed by the new charge. The angle of the inclination angle is derived, and the charging abnormality can be monitored quickly and accurately from the amount of change in the angle of inclination.

  In addition, in the inclination angle deriving means, a continuous function with an indeterminate coefficient that prescribes the estimated shape line on the furnace wall side is set in advance, and this happens when the charge is charged into the measured layer top surface shape. Even if there is a partial protrusion or the like, a smooth estimated shape line is derived without being affected by the partial protrusion or the like, and a more accurate profile can be obtained. Therefore, the angle of the inclination angle is derived with higher accuracy, and the change in the inclination angle is detected with higher accuracy. As a result, the charging abnormality can be monitored with higher accuracy.

  Further, the obtained angle of inclination is output by the output means, so that an operator who operates the furnace can quickly and accurately grasp the change of the angle of inclination, that is, charging abnormality. It becomes possible.

  In the blast furnace charging abnormality monitoring apparatus according to the present invention, the memory further sequentially stores the angle of the inclination angle derived by the inclination angle deriving means when a new charge is charged into the blast furnace. It is preferable to include a means and a comparing means for comparing the angles of the plurality of inclination angles stored in the storage means.

  According to such a configuration, the operator who operates the furnace can more accurately grasp the amount of change in the angle between the plurality of inclination angles derived by the inclination angle deriving means.

  As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a charging abnormality monitoring method for a blast furnace that can quickly and accurately detect a charging abnormality, and a charging abnormality monitoring apparatus using this method.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  First, based on FIG. 1, the blast furnace 10 used in this embodiment and the charging method of the charge to the said blast furnace 10 are demonstrated easily.

  The blast furnace 10 includes a bell-type charging device 11 for charging a charge (coke, ore, etc.) into the blast furnace 10. The bell type charging device 11 includes a bell 11a and a moveable armor 11b. Specifically, the bell-type charging device 11 has a plate 11 reciprocatingly moved along the radial direction of the furnace with a bell 11a for charging the charged material toward the vicinity of the furnace side wall in the furnace by moving up and down. That is, it is a device for throwing the charge into the furnace peripheral edge using a moveable armor 11b that changes the fall position of the charge from the bell 11a by changing the armature stroke.

  The charge, in this embodiment, coke and ore are charged into the furnace from the top of the blast furnace 10 configured in this way, so that the coke layer and the ore layer alternately in the blast furnace 10. Laminated. In the present embodiment, a unit for charging coke or ore into a blast furnace is also referred to as a batch. And one charge is comprised mainly by the coke batch for forming a coke layer, and the ore batch for forming an ore layer. The first coke batch in one charge is C1, the next coke batch is C2, the next ore batch is O1, and the next ore batch is O2.

  Specifically, the coke layer is formed by using the bell-type charging device 11 (bell 11a and mover armor 11b), and performing C1 batch and C2 batch. Specifically, in the C1 batch, the moveable armor 11b moves backward to the furnace side wall position, and the coke dropping position is set near the furnace side wall. In this state, the bell 11a is lowered, so that coke is charged and a coke layer c1 is formed. Next, in the C2 batch, the moveable armor 11b moves forward to the furnace center side and the dropping position is set from the furnace center. In this state, coke is charged to form a coke layer c2.

  Next, an ore layer is formed. After the coke layers c1 and c2 are formed, each batch (charging charge) is performed in the order of the ore batch O1 and the ore batch O2.

  Next, the blast furnace charging abnormality monitoring apparatus 20 used for the blast furnace 10 will be described.

  The blast furnace abnormal charging monitoring device (hereinafter also simply referred to as “monitoring device”) 20 is a device for monitoring (detecting) an abnormal charging of the charged material in the blast furnace 10. Specifically, the charging abnormality is monitored based on the angle of the inclination angle with respect to the horizontal plane of the dropping position of the charging material in the shape of the upper surface of the layer formed when the charging material is charged into the blast furnace 10.

  Here, the abnormal charging is a state in which the charged material cannot be charged at a desired position in the blast furnace 10 due to, for example, a failure of the charging device 11 or a desired amount of charged material has not been charged. State. When such a charging abnormality occurs, the top surface shape (profile) of the uppermost layer of the charge in the blast furnace 10 cannot be maintained in a desired shape. When the shape of the profile changes in this way, the ventilation resistance in the furnace also changes, so that the intended blast furnace operation may not be performed. Therefore, maintaining the shape of the profile in a desired shape is very important for stable operation of the blast furnace.

  This charging abnormality can be detected based on the inclination angle. This is because the shape of the profile changes because the charge cannot be charged to a desired position in the blast furnace in a desired amount due to a charging abnormality, so that the angle of inclination at the position where the charge falls is greatly changed. Because.

  Therefore, by monitoring this inclination angle, in order to detect and grasp the charging abnormality quickly and accurately, to perform stable operation of the blast furnace, charging is performed using the monitoring device 20 having the following configuration. Monitor for abnormalities.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the monitoring device 20 repeats the charging (batch) of the charge in the blast furnace 10 to detect the charging abnormality of the charge stacked in the blast furnace 10. It is a device. Specifically, the monitoring device 20 includes a drop position detection unit 21, a measurement unit 22, an inclination angle derivation unit 23, and an output unit 24.

  The drop position detecting means 21 is for detecting the drop position of the charge charged in the blast furnace 10 and, as shown in FIG. 3, the charge is inserted so as to penetrate the furnace wall from the outside of the furnace. A measuring rod 21a. A plurality of sensors 21b, 21b,... Are arranged at predetermined intervals along the axial direction on the upper surface of the measuring rod 21a. The fall position detecting means 21 is configured such that when the charged material is charged into the blast furnace 10, ore particles or the like constituting the charged material collide with each sensor 21b, so that the falling amount of these ore particles or the like is reduced. Can be detected. Then, from the distribution of the fall amount, in the blast furnace 10 of the charge, specifically, the drop position (hereinafter simply referred to as “fall position”) of the charge of the batch on the upper surface of the layer formed in the previous batch. ) Is detected (calculated).

  As the measuring means 22, a so-called profile meter is used in the present embodiment. This measuring means 22 is an apparatus for measuring the layer upper surface shape (profile) of the charge in the blast furnace 10 and can be measured for each batch in which the charge is charged into the blast furnace 10. The measuring means 22 has a measuring rod 22a inserted so as to penetrate the furnace wall from the outside of the furnace. The measuring portion 22b at the tip of the measuring rod 22a reciprocates along a radial direction at a predetermined position of the furnace, and based on the reflected wave of the microwave irradiated from the tip (measuring portion) 22b, Height (profile depth) is measured.

  These drop position detection means 21 and measurement means 22 are arranged vertically along the furnace radius at the same position.

  The inclination angle deriving means 23 is composed of two computers (calculation means), a process computer 25 and an inclination angle calculation computer 26. Note that the inclination angle deriving unit 23 does not need to be configured by two computers as in the present embodiment, and may be a single computer or may be configured by three or more computers.

  The process computer 25 controls the fall position detection means 21, the measurement means 22, the bell type charging device 11, etc., and the fall position information detected by the fall position detection means 21 and the measured value measured by the profile meter 22. Is transmitted to the tilt angle calculation computer 26.

  The tilt angle calculation computer 26 forms the charge at the drop position of a new charge charged in the blast furnace 10 based on information from the process computer 25 (the drop position information, the measured value, etc.). This is a computer that derives (calculates) an angle θ (hereinafter also simply referred to as “inclination angle θ”) of the inclination angle of the upper surface of the layer to the horizontal plane.

  The inclination angle calculation computer 26 further includes storage means (memory) 26a for sequentially storing the inclination angle θ derived by the inclination angle calculation computer 26 when the charge is charged into the blast furnace 10, and storage means. Comparing means 26b capable of comparing a plurality of inclination angles θ stored in 26a and determining the charging abnormality of the blast furnace 10 from the amount of change in the angles.

  The details of the method for deriving the tilt angle θ performed by the tilt angle calculation computer 26 in the tilt angle deriving means 23, the comparison of the tilt angles θ performed by the comparing means 26b, and the determination of the charging abnormality based on the result. Will be described later.

  The output unit 24 displays the tilt angle θ derived from the tilt angle deriving unit 23 output from the tilt angle deriving unit 23, the comparison result in the comparing unit 26b, and the like. In this embodiment, the CRT display is used. Is used. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and may be an FPD, a printer (printing means), or the like, or a combination thereof.

  Next, the derivation of the inclination angle θ and the determination of the charging abnormality performed by the inclination angle deriving means 23 will be described with reference to FIGS.

  The inclination angle deriving means 23 is based on the measured value of the new charge fall position measured by the drop position detection means 21 and the measured value of the layer upper surface shape formed by the charge measured by the measurement means 22. An inclination angle θ with respect to the horizontal plane of the upper surface of the layer is derived, and an abnormal charging of the charge is detected based on the derived inclination angle θ.

  Specifically, the inclination angle deriving means 23 detects the charging abnormality of the charged material as follows.

"Setting a continuous function with an unknown coefficient that defines an estimated shape line"
The tilt angle calculation computer 26 includes at least a new charge fall position of the estimated shape line PL in the furnace radius at a predetermined position (position along the measurement rods 21a and 22a of the drop position detection means 21 and the measurement means 22). Is stored in advance as a continuous function f with an unknown coefficient that prescribes the estimated shape line pl on the furnace wall side including the. The estimated shape line PL or pl is a curve for imitating the top surface shape (profile) of the uppermost layer at the furnace radius at the predetermined position. This estimated shape line PL or pl is obtained as a result of analyzing the shape of the layer upper surface of the charge in the blast furnace 10 under various operating conditions.

  Specifically, the continuous function f is defined by connecting a plurality of types of section functions f1, f2,... Defined for a plurality of sections partitioned along the furnace radius at the predetermined position. The plurality of interval functions f1, f2,... Are set such that the coefficient and the range of the predetermined position in the furnace radial direction are undecided and are continuous at the boundary between adjacent interval functions.

  Specifically, in the present embodiment, this continuous function is defined by two interval functions f1 and f2. In other words, the estimated shape line pl on the furnace wall side according to the present embodiment is such that the continuous function f with an undetermined coefficient that defines the estimated shape line pl is defined by the two interval functions f1 and f2. The range in the furnace radial direction is set.

  These two interval functions f1 and f2 are a linear function f1 in which a line segment defined by the corresponding interval function in order from the furnace center side to the furnace wall side is a straight line function, and a curve function f2 in which the line segment is a curve. Composed. The section defined by the linear function f1 is defined as L1 section, and the section defined by the curve function f2 is defined as L2 section. Further, in the furnace radius at the predetermined position, the end position on the furnace center side of the L1 section is r1, the boundary position between the L1 and L2 sections is r2, and the boundary position between the L2 section and the furnace wall is r3.

  Regarding the interval functions f1 and f2, more specifically, the linear function f1 is represented by y = dx + e (hereinafter also simply referred to as “Expression (10)”), and the curve function f2 is a function of constant angular change rate. Y = (− 1 / a) · log | cos (ax + b) | + c (hereinafter also simply referred to as “Expression (11)”). Here, each section function f1, f2 is a function represented on the xy plane with the furnace center axis as the y axis and the furnace radius at the predetermined position as the x axis. Further, a, b, c, d, and e are coefficients.

  The section functions f1 and f2 are set in this way because the profile of the uppermost layer in various operating conditions in the blast furnace 10 according to the present embodiment is analyzed, and as a result, the section 11 is charged by the bell 11a. This is because the rate of change of the charge height with respect to the furnace radius is often constant in the vicinity of the fall position (fall point) of the charge. Moreover, in the L1 section, it is a portion corresponding to the foot of the mountain due to the charges accumulated in the L2 section, and thus is often a straight slope. In FIG. 4, the furnace center side of the L1 section is defined as the L0 section. In this L0 section, the shape is as shown in the figure because the charge is often deposited on the parabola when the charge is charged only at the furnace center.

  Here, the inclination angle of the profile of the L1 section is called a representative inclination angle. This representative inclination angle accumulates in the L2 section when it continues to be charged with the bell 11a and becomes a mountain. However, when the slope of the mountain (bottom) becomes steeper than the representative inclination angle, The angle is such that the collapse is subsided when the tilted surface is broken and becomes the representative tilt angle again.

"Derivation of estimated shape line on the furnace wall side by calculation of coefficient and range of each interval function"
When a new charge is charged into the blast furnace 10, an estimated shape line pl on the furnace wall side is derived based on the measurement value obtained by the measurement means 22.

  Specifically, when a new charge is inserted, the coefficients in all the section functions f1 and f2 and the range in the x-axis direction are calculated simultaneously based on the measurement values obtained by the measurement means 22. At this time, using the measurement values measured by the measuring means 22, the coefficients and the ranges in the x-axis direction in all the interval functions f1 and f2 are obtained simultaneously by the steepest descent method which is a kind of optimization method. In this way, the estimated shape line pl on the furnace wall side is derived.

"Calculation of the tilt angle at the fall position of the charge"
The derived estimated shape line pl on the furnace wall side is expressed by a function of y = f (x). Further, the fall position of the new charge is detected by the fall position detection means 21 as the predetermined radial position, that is, the position on the x-axis (drop radius position). Therefore, the inclination of the estimated shape line pl on the furnace wall side at the falling position, that is, the estimated shape line pl, from the falling position (value of x) and the continuous function f defining the estimated shape line pl on the furnace wall side. An inclination angle θ with respect to the horizontal axis (x-axis) is calculated.

"Determination of charging abnormality by tilt angle"
The inclination angle θ derived in this way is derived for each new charge (each batch) of the charge, and is sequentially stored in the storage means 26a. The plurality of inclination angles θ stored in this way are compared with each other by the comparing means 26b, and the amount of change in the inclination angle θ is sequentially calculated. When the change amount of the inclination angle θ is larger than a predetermined value, in other words, the comparison unit 26b determines that the profile shape change due to the abnormal charging occurs when the inclination angle θ changes abruptly.

  As described above, the tilt angle deriving means 23 derives the tilt angle θ at the new fall position of the charge, and the charging abnormality is determined based on the tilt angle θ.

  As described above, the coefficient undetermined continuous function f is set in advance as the estimated shape line pl on the furnace wall side, and the respective coefficients are determined based on the measured values obtained by the measuring means 22 so that the inclination angle is accurate. θ is derived. That is, in the measured profile, even if there is a partial protrusion or the like that occurs when the charge is charged, the estimated shape line pl on the smooth furnace wall side is not affected by this partial protrusion or the like. Is derived, and a more accurate profile can be obtained. By deriving the inclination angle θ from this accurate profile, it is possible to derive the accurate inclination angle θ, and it is possible to monitor the charging abnormality quickly and accurately.

  Further, since the profile of the furnace center (L0 section) is not necessary when deriving the inclination angle θ, unnecessary measurement and calculation are performed by deriving at least the estimated shape line pl on the furnace wall side. There is no need.

  Therefore, it is possible to quickly and accurately detect the inclination angle θ at the fall position of the new charge, and as a result, it is possible to monitor the charging abnormality quickly and accurately.

  Further, the continuous function f that defines the estimated shape line pl on the furnace wall side is divided into a plurality of sections, and section functions f1, f2,... That define line segments in accordance with the layer top surface shape are set for each of the plurality of sections. By doing so, it is possible to obtain the estimated shape line pl on the furnace wall side that more closely approximates the actual charge profile. Therefore, the inclination angle θ can be derived with higher accuracy and the change in the inclination angle θ can be detected with higher accuracy.

  Moreover, in the present embodiment, since the continuous function is defined by the two interval functions f1 and f2, the calculation of the coefficient and the range in the x-axis direction in each interval function f1 or f2 based on the measurement value of the measuring means 22 is performed. This facilitates the derivation of the estimated shape line pl on the furnace wall side. In addition, since the derived estimated shape line pl on the furnace wall side is a shape conforming to the profile of the charge stacked in the blast furnace 10 according to the present embodiment, the inclination angle θ is accurately derived. be able to.

  In addition, the inclination angle θ for each batch is derived and stored, and the stored inclination angles θ or the stored inclination angle θ is compared with the newly derived inclination angle θ to change (change) the inclination angle θ. Amount) can be detected more quickly and accurately.

  Next, the operation of the monitoring device 20 will be described with reference to FIG.

  First, the process computer 25 detects (measures) the drop position of the charge in a new batch (charge of a new charge) by the drop position detection means 21 (step S1). If the armature stroke of the mover armor 11b changes during this batch, the inclination angle θ is derived using the drop position of the last charge in the batch. The drop position used when deriving the inclination angle θ when the armature stroke changes does not need to be limited to the drop position at the end of the batch, and an average value within a predetermined time is used. May be.

  Information on the fall position (fall position information) detected by the fall position detection means 21 is transmitted from the process computer 25 to the tilt angle calculation computer 26. That is, the tilt angle calculation computer 26 acquires the drop position information (step S2).

  After the batch is completed, the process computer 25 controls the measuring means 22 to measure the profile of the batch, that is, the top surface shape of the uppermost layer formed by the charged material, and obtain the measured value. get. At this time, the measurement means 21 measures from the furnace center to the furnace side wall at intervals of 10 cm along the furnace radius at a predetermined position. At this time, since the furnace radius of the blast furnace 10 according to the present embodiment is 3.5 m, the measurement values of the heights of the 33 layer top surfaces are obtained at equal intervals in the furnace radius (see FIG. 4 and FIG. 5: step). S3). In the present embodiment, one scale on the vertical axis in FIGS. 4 and 5 is 500 mm.

  If only the inclination angle θ is obtained, it is not necessary to measure the profile of the furnace center (L0 section). However, in this embodiment, since the measured value of the entire profile may be used for other control in the blast furnace 10, the measurement from the furnace center to the furnace wall (from the L0 section to the L2 section) is performed. Yes.

  The profile measurement value measured by the measurement means 22 is transmitted from the process computer 25 to the tilt angle calculation computer 26. That is, the tilt angle calculation computer 26 acquires the measured value of the profile (step S4).

  Next, the estimated shape line pl on the furnace wall side of the batch is calculated based on the measurement value acquired from the measuring means 22 by the tilt angle calculation computer 26 (step S5).

  At this time, the coefficients and the ranges in the x-axis direction of all the section functions f1 and f2 of the estimated shape line pl on the furnace wall side are as follows based on the measured values of the profile formed by the new charge. Calculated.

  In the vicinity of the boundary position r2 between the L1 section and the L2 section, the actual profile inclination angle is equal to the representative inclination angle. Therefore, it is assumed that the estimated shape line pl on the furnace wall side has not only continuity but also differentiability at the boundary position r2. In this way, when the coefficients a, b, and c of the above equation (11) and the coefficient d of the above equation (10) are determined, the coefficient e and the L1 interval of the above equation (10) and L2 The boundary position r2 of the section is determined dependently.

Next, let x _i be the furnace radius position at an arbitrary measurement point, y _i be the actual profile measurement value at that furnace radius position, and the continuous function f defining the estimated shape line pl on the furnace wall side at the furnace radius x. Is y = f (x),
Σ {y _i −f (x _i )} ²
, And the parameters of the continuous function f that define the estimated shape line pl on the furnace wall side (coefficients a, b, c in the above equation (11) and coefficient d in the above equation (10)), The section in which the function is defined (boundary position r2 between the L1 section and the L2 section) is obtained simultaneously by the steepest descent method which is one of nonlinear optimization techniques. By determining the parameter in this way, the coefficient e of the above equation (10), which is the dependent variable, can be determined. That is, the range in the x-axis direction of all parameters and each interval function can be determined by the steepest descent method.

  The estimated shape line pl on the furnace wall side is calculated by substituting each coefficient thus obtained and the range in the x-axis direction into the above formulas (10) and (11).

  The tilt angle calculation computer 26 calculates the horizontal direction (x of the profile at the dropping position from the dropping position of the charged material in the batch obtained from the process computer 25 and the estimated shape line pl on the furnace wall side. The inclination angle θ with respect to the axis is calculated (derived) (step S6). Specifically, the inclination angle θ is derived from the inclination of the estimated shape line pl on the road wall side at the dropping position.

  The inclination angle θ derived in this way is stored in the storage means 26a (step S7). As for the stored inclination angle θ, when a plurality of inclination angles θ derived in the batch prior to the batch are already stored in the storage means 26a, the comparison means 26b and the inclination angle θ in the batch and the previous batch are stored. Is compared with the inclination angle θ at (step S8). In the present embodiment, the newly derived inclination angle θ is compared with the previously derived inclination angle θ. In the comparison, the newly derived inclination angle θ may be compared with the already stored inclination angle θ before being stored in the storage means 26a.

  At this time, the stored inclination angle θ for each batch is arranged in time series and displayed as a graph on the output means (CRT) 24 (see FIG. 7A). Based on this display, it is also possible for an administrator who manages the operating conditions of the blast furnace 10 to determine whether or not there is a charging abnormality in the blast furnace 10.

  Further, when the comparison unit 26b detects a change amount of the inclination angle θ of a predetermined value or more in the comparison, the comparison unit 26b determines that the profile shape change has occurred due to the charging abnormality of the charging material, and the output unit 24 It is also possible to set the tilt angle deriving means 23 so that a warning or the like is displayed to the administrator.

  Next, it is determined whether or not the inclination angle θ is derived in the next batch of the batch (step S9). If derived, the process returns to step S1, and if not derived, the process ends.

  Using the blast furnace 10 and the monitoring device 20 according to the above embodiment, charging abnormality monitoring of the blast furnace 10 was performed. In this monitoring, the inclination angle θ derived for each batch in a certain period, the angle of the representative inclination angle (inclination angle with respect to the x axis of the interval function f1 in the L1 interval), and the angle change rate are arranged in time series, respectively. These are FIGS. 7 (a) to 7 (c). Note that one scale on the vertical axis in FIGS. 7A and 7B is 5 °, and one scale on the vertical axis in FIG. 7C is 5 ° / m.

  Among these diagrams, the value (inclination angle θ) changes rapidly at times t1 and t2 in FIG. Before and after time t1, the operating conditions of the blast furnace 10 such as the charged amount of raw materials and raw material blending have not changed significantly. On the other hand, despite the fact that the operating conditions have changed significantly before time t1 (and within the range of FIG. 7 (a)), at that time, the inclination angle θ is recognized to change as rapidly as time t1. I can't.

  From this change, we checked the operating condition and found that the profile shape was slightly biased toward the furnace center. Specifically, before and after time t1, the profile shape changed from the profile shown in FIG. 8A to the profile shown in FIG. 8B. In FIGS. 8A and 8B, one scale on the vertical axis is 500 mm.

  Therefore, an investigation was performed during regular wind breaks, and an abnormality was found in the charging device 11 for charging the charged material into the blast furnace 10.

  When the abnormality of the charging device 11 was eliminated, the inclination angle θ returned to the original level (time t2 in FIG. 7A), and the profile was not biased toward the furnace center.

  As can be seen from FIG. 8A and FIG. 8B, the profile is depth distribution data in the furnace radial direction, so it is difficult to notice when there is only a slight change. However, if the shape of the profile changes, the ventilation resistance in the furnace also changes as described above, so the intended blast furnace operation may not be performed, so it is possible to grasp the change in the profile shape quickly and accurately. Therefore, it is extremely important to change the operating conditions accordingly in order to extend the stable operation of the blast furnace and the life of the furnace body.

  On the other hand, as can be seen from FIG. 7A, the inclination angle θ is easy to grasp because a sudden change in value (angle θ) appears even when the profile changes slightly. Moreover, since it is a change in the inclination angle θ at the fall position of the charge, there is a high possibility that a sudden change in the angle θ has a charging abnormality. Therefore, it can be understood that the abnormality of the profile that is difficult to grasp visually can be grasped (detected) quickly and accurately by monitoring the inclination angle θ at the dropping position.

  On the other hand, in the case of the representative inclination angle and the angle change rate easily obtained from the profile measurement values by setting the estimated shape line pl on the furnace wall side, similarly to the inclination angle θ, the inclination angle θ at the times t1 and t2. The change of the value is not so rapid (see FIG. 7 (b) and FIG. 7 (c)).

  This also shows that it is suitable to monitor the inclination angle θ in order to quickly and accurately grasp the profile shape change and the presence or absence of charging abnormality.

Next, the interval function (curve function) f2 of the L2 interval in the continuous function f is changed to a quadratic function f3 = gx ² + hx + i (hereinafter also simply referred to as “Expression (12)”), and the other functions. The simulation was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 for charging abnormality monitoring. Here, the interval function f3 is a function represented on the xy plane where the furnace center axis is the y axis and the furnace radius at the predetermined position is the x axis, and g, h, and i are coefficients.

  9A and 9B are diagrams in which the inclination angle θ derived for each batch in the same period as in the first embodiment and the representative inclination angles are arranged in time series in the monitoring simulation. It is. Note that one scale on the vertical axis in FIGS. 9A and 9B is 5 °.

  As shown in FIG. 9A, even if the interval function of the L2 interval is changed to the quadratic function f3 as in the present embodiment, the inclination angle θ changes abruptly at times t1 and t2. It was. Therefore, even if the continuous function f is composed of the interval functions f1 and f3 (Equation (10) and Equation (12)), the blast furnace 10 can be detected quickly and accurately by detecting the inclination angle θ as in the above embodiment. It was confirmed that it was possible to detect (monitor) the abnormal charging.

  The blast furnace charging abnormality monitoring method and monitoring apparatus according to the present invention are not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

  For example, in the present embodiment, the inclination angle θ is derived for each batch, but is not limited thereto, and is derived at a predetermined interval (for example, every 5 batches or every 10 batches). Also good. Even if the inclination angle θ is monitored at intervals as described above, it is possible to easily and accurately detect the charging abnormality by continuously detecting the inclination angle θ at regular intervals.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the inclination angles θ derived for each batch are compared with each other. For example, the inclination angle as an experience value obtained by past operation results is used as a reference value and is derived for each batch. The charging abnormality may be monitored by comparing the tilt angle θ with the reference value.

  In the present embodiment, when the inclination angle θ is derived, the estimated shape line pl on the furnace wall side is used, but the estimated shape line PL from the furnace center to the furnace wall may be used. In this case, for example, the continuous function f is composed of three interval functions, and in order from the furnace center to the furnace wall side, a quadratic function f3 (formula (12)), a linear function f1 (formula (10)), and an angle change. It may be a constant rate function f2 (formula (11)), such as a quadratic function f3 (formula (12)), a linear function f1 (formula (10)), a quadratic function f3 (formula (12)), etc. May be. Even when such a continuous function f is used, if the fall position at the furnace radius at the predetermined position (fall radius position on the x-axis) is detected, the inclination angle θ of the profile at the fall position can be derived. Even when the estimated shape line PL is used, by using the measured values of the profile measured by the measuring means 22, the parameters of all the interval functions and the ranges of the interval functions in the x-axis direction can be reduced to the steepest descent. It can be determined by law.

It is a partial expanded block diagram of the blast furnace top part concerning this embodiment. It is a block diagram of the charging abnormality monitoring apparatus of the blast furnace which concerns on the same embodiment. It is the schematic of the fall position detection means and measurement means of the charging abnormality monitoring apparatus of the blast furnace which concerns on the same embodiment. It is a figure which shows the estimated shape line and interval function in the charging abnormality monitoring method of the blast furnace which concerns on the same embodiment. It is a figure which shows the estimated shape line in the blast furnace charging abnormality monitoring method which concerns on the same embodiment, the fall position, and the angle of inclination. It is a figure which shows the flow of operation | movement in the charging abnormality monitoring apparatus of the blast furnace which concerns on the same embodiment. In the blast furnace charging abnormality monitoring method according to the embodiment, (a) is a time-series display of the angle of inclination at the drop position, (b) is a time-series display of the angle of representative inclination, (c) Is a time series display of the angle change rate. (A) in the blast furnace which concerns on the same embodiment shows the profile before charging abnormality generation, (b) is a figure which shows the profile after charging abnormality generation. In the blast furnace charging abnormality monitoring method according to another embodiment, (a) is a time-series display of the angle of inclination at the dropping position, and (b) is a time-series display of the angle of representative inclination.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Blast furnace 21 Fall position detection means 22 Measurement means 23 Inclination angle derivation means 24 Output means f Continuous function f1 Linear function (section function)
f2 Angle change rate constant function (interval function)
f3 quadratic function (interval function)
PL Estimated shape line pl Estimated shape line θ on the furnace wall side Angle of inclination angle (Inclination angle)

Claims (10)

A charging abnormality monitoring method for detecting an abnormal charging of a charge stacked in the blast furnace by repeating charging in the blast furnace,
Detecting the fall position of the new charge in the blast furnace at the furnace radius at a predetermined position when a new charge is charged,
Measure the top surface shape of the layer formed by the new charge at the furnace radius at the predetermined position,
Deriving the angle of inclination with respect to the horizontal plane of the layer top surface of the new charge at the drop position based on the detected drop position and the measured layer top surface shape,
A charging abnormality monitoring method for a blast furnace, characterized by detecting a charging abnormality of the charge based on the inclination angle. In the blast furnace charging abnormality monitoring method according to claim 1,
The inclination angle is an estimated shape line on the furnace wall side including at least the falling position among estimated shape lines for imitating the shape of the upper surface of the layer formed by the new charge at the furnace radius at the predetermined position. Set a continuous function with an unknown coefficient that defines
By calculating the coefficient of the continuous function based on the measurement value obtained by the measurement, the estimated shape line on the furnace wall side is derived,
A method for monitoring abnormal charging of a blast furnace, wherein an angle of an inclination angle at the dropping position is derived from the detected dropping position and the derived estimated shape line on the furnace wall side. In the blast furnace charging abnormality monitoring method according to claim 2,
Deriving the inclination angle for each new charge in the blast furnace,
A charging abnormality monitoring method for a blast furnace, characterized by comparing the angles of these inclination angles and determining a charging abnormality from the amount of change in the angle. In the blast furnace charging abnormality monitoring method according to claim 2 or 3,
The continuous function is defined by connecting a plurality of types of section functions defined for a plurality of sections partitioned along the furnace radius at the predetermined position,
These plural types of interval functions are set such that the coefficient and the range in the furnace radial direction of the predetermined position are undetermined and continue at the boundary between adjacent interval functions,
Blast furnace charging abnormality characterized by deriving an estimated shape line on the furnace wall side by calculating a coefficient in all the interval functions and a range in the furnace radial direction of the predetermined position based on the measured value Monitoring method. In the blast furnace charging abnormality monitoring method according to claim 4,
The blast furnace charging abnormality monitoring method, wherein the interval function is a function represented on an xy plane in which the furnace central axis is a y-axis and a furnace radius at the predetermined position is an x-axis. In the blast furnace charging abnormality monitoring method according to claim 5,
The estimated shape line on the furnace wall side is set with a range in the furnace radial direction of the predetermined position such that a continuous function with an unknown coefficient that defines the estimated shape line is defined by two interval functions,
These two interval functions are a linear function in which a line segment defined by the corresponding interval function in order from the furnace center side to the furnace wall side is a straight line function, and a curve function in which the line segment is a curve. Monitoring method for abnormal charging of blast furnace. In the blast furnace charging abnormality monitoring method according to claim 6,
The curve function is a function having a constant angle change rate with respect to the x-axis represented by the following equation (1) or a quadratic function represented by the following equation (2): An abnormal charging monitoring method.
y = (− 1 / a) · log | cos (ax + b) | + c (1)
y = fx ² + gx + h (2)
Here, a, b, c, f, g, and h are coefficients. In the blast furnace charging abnormality monitoring method according to any one of claims 5 to 7,
A method for monitoring abnormal charging of a blast furnace, wherein coefficients in all the interval functions and ranges in the x-axis direction are obtained simultaneously using a steepest descent method from the measured values. A charging abnormality monitoring device for detecting a charging abnormality of a charging material stacked in the blast furnace by repeating charging of the charging material in the blast furnace,
A drop position detecting means for detecting a drop position of the new charge in the blast furnace at a furnace radius at a predetermined position when a new charge is charged;
Measuring means for measuring the top surface shape of the new charge;
An inclination angle deriving means for deriving an angle of an inclination angle with respect to a horizontal direction of the upper surface of the layer of the charge at the fall position of the charge;
Output means for outputting the angle of the tilt angle transmitted from the tilt angle deriving means to the outside, and
The inclination angle deriving means includes an estimated shape line on the furnace wall side including at least the falling position among estimated shape lines for imitating the shape of the upper surface of the layer formed by the new charge at the furnace radius at the predetermined position. The coefficient of the continuous function is stored, and the coefficient of the continuous function is calculated based on the measured value of the layer upper surface shape of the new charge measured by the measuring means. The estimated position line is derived from the drop position of the new charge at the furnace radius at the predetermined position detected by the drop position detecting means and the estimated shape line on the derived furnace wall side. An apparatus for monitoring abnormal charging of a blast furnace, characterized in that it is configured to derive an angle of inclination with respect to a horizontal plane of the upper surface of the layer of the new charge. In the blast furnace charging abnormality monitoring apparatus according to claim 9,
Furthermore, storage means for sequentially storing the angle of the inclination angle derived by the inclination angle deriving means when a new charge is charged into the blast furnace;
Comparing means for comparing a plurality of inclination angles stored in the storage means, and a charging abnormality monitoring apparatus for a blast furnace, comprising:

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