JPH11293678A - Slope protection construction method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a slope protection construction method capable of pressing the soil generated at a construction site as it is to return it to a condition before it is digged without being affected by lithology and shape of a slope, providing a thick soil dressing layer to enable vegetation by greening trees, and being constructed at low cost without causing crack, peeling, and drop thereof. SOLUTION: Any wire netting 2 among crimp with netting, welded wire netting, and expand metal is formed into a wave shape having a triangular cross section, and a longitudinal beam reinforcing bar 3 and a horizontal beam reinforcing bar 4 are arranged in a wave-shaped top part of the wire netting 2 to connect them. An anchor 5 is driven at a crossing point of the longitudinal beam reinforcing bar 3 and the horizontal beam reinforcing bar 4 to fix the wire netting 2 on a slope H, and a mixture of earth and sand and high degree formation is sprayed by a spraying machine to construct a slope protection structure.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a slope protection method, and more particularly, to a slope protection method that enables vegetation of trees.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a slope protection method, a method of covering the entire surface of a slope with concrete has been adopted, but many collapses due to cracks occur due to long-term exposure to wind and rain.
It is not a construction method preferable from the viewpoint of environmental protection or aesthetics, but a slope protection method capable of vegetation is preferable.

FIGS. 10 to 12 show a typical example of a conventional slope protection method capable of vegetation of a single annual grass (grass). A set of four longitudinal beam rebars 21 and a set of four transverse beam rebars 22 are arranged in a square shape, and the longitudinal beam rebars 21 and the lateral beam rebars 22 are bound by auxiliary reinforcements 23, and expanded metal or crimping is performed. Formwork 24 made of a wire mesh is arranged on both sides of each of the vertical beam reinforcing bars 21 and the horizontal beam reinforcing bars 22 by the reinforcing bar supporting arms 25, and an auxiliary anchor 26 is driven into an appropriate place, and a main anchor 27 is located at the intersection.
Is fixed to the slope H.

[0004] A mortar or concrete C obtained by adding water to an aggregate and cement and kneading the same is cast into such a formwork to construct a square cast-in-place concrete frame 20.

[0005] Then, earth and sand 28 packed in a sandbag is packed in a concrete frame 20, and as shown in FIG. 11, a base concrete structure 29 is usually constructed at the bottom of the butt to support the weight of the upper structure. I have.

The conventional slope protection method has the following problems.

[0007] The cost of the formwork accounts for about 40% of the total construction cost.

There is no ability to follow the settlement of the ground, and it is impossible to perform the construction on the slope of the uneven surface. Construction requires a basic concrete structure, which increases construction time and cost. And it is limited to the slope which is easy to shape.

On a level ground, sandbags are stuffed with earth and sand, and a bag of sandbags, each weighing about 30 kg, is transported to the slope, and the sandbags are stuffed into a concrete formwork. Requires effort.

[0010] Mudstone or tuff, sandy soil, gravel,
Soil that is susceptible to surface erosion, such as sand and rock mass mixed sandy soil, cannot be sloped with a formwork.

[0011] The seepage water on the slope and cracks in the frame can cause collapse.

[0012] Greening is limited to only single annual grasses (grass). In addition, maintenance such as cutting grass is required every year.

[0013] Depending on the rock quality of the slope, it is difficult to perform the formwork, and vegetation becomes impossible due to insufficient nutrition of the base material.

The vegetation area is lost by about 30% due to the concrete formwork structure.

Since the cement bonding material is used in the thick-substrate spraying method, the organic-substrate spraying method forms a thin water-impermeable membrane between the sloped surface and the organic base material, and does not become acidic.

Since the load on the slope of the cast-in-place concrete frame is large, the ground anchor must be thick and long. In the case of a steep slope, the anchor must be thicker, longer and kneaded into the ground.

Since the concrete frame is not in close contact with the slope (in a state of being cut off), if there is a gap, the flowing water will scour the lower side of the frame. For this reason, it is necessary to pack the cohesive soil into a sandbag and to trim the clay.

If there is unevenness in the ground, the formwork will be overwhelmed,
Reinforcement is difficult to assemble, and the formwork is also bent artificially, which makes it difficult to spray cast-in-place concrete and scatters a large amount of concrete material.

When there is a lot of spring in the ground, the mortar spraying method cannot obtain a reliable hardening, and causes cracks, peeling, and peeling.
The slope becomes unstable, for example, by increasing the pore water pressure.

[0020]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the conventional slope protection method, and can be carried out on any slope without being affected by the rock quality and shape of the slope. In addition, it is possible to return to the state before excavation by directly pressing the soil generated at the site, which was previously moved to another place as surplus soil, and discarded as landfill, etc. Thicker and longer-term vegetation of vegetation can be planted, and a stable protective layer can be secured without cracking, peeling or peeling off due to close contact with the ground, and construction can be performed at low cost. It is to provide a slope protection method for the purpose.

[0021]

According to the present invention, any one of a crimped wire mesh, a welded wire mesh, and an expanded metal wire is formed into a triangular waveform, and a vertical beam reinforcing bar is provided at the top of the waveform of the wire mesh. Reinforcing and tying the horizontal beam reinforcing bar, binding it at the intersection of the vertical beam reinforcing bar and the horizontal beam reinforcing bar, fixing the wire mesh to the slope, and spraying earth and sand or a mixture of earth and sand and advanced chemical formation by spraying means I do.

Alternatively, according to the present invention, any one of a crimped wire mesh, a welded wire mesh, and an expanded metal wire is formed into a waveform having a triangular cross section, and a vertical beam reinforcing bar and a horizontal beam reinforcing bar are arranged at the top of the waveform of the wire mesh. At the intersection of the vertical beam reinforcing bar and the horizontal beam reinforcing bar, an anchor is driven to fix the wire netting to the slope, and earth and sand or a mixture of earth and sand and advanced chemical formation is crimped by crimping means to construct the structure.

The soil to be sprayed or the soil to be pressed is generated soil at the site, and is finished into a thick layer of soil using the spraying means or the pressure bonding means.

[0024] In addition, the beam is constructed by arranging a transverse beam small reinforcing bar between the transverse beam reinforcing bars. By doing so, the strength can be increased. When the wire mesh is placed on the slope and the anchor is driven and fixed, it is preferable to arrange the transverse beam small skeletal reinforcing bar at the bottom of the corrugated wire mesh and drive and fix the small anchor.

Further, a small mesh wire mesh is provided at a horizontal step portion of the wire mesh formed into a corrugated structure. This is preferable because the sprayed earth or the compressed earth and sand can be prevented from flowing, the wire mesh can be reinforced, and the earth and sand lamination can be stabilized.

Further, an iron wire having a diameter of 1.6 mm to 15 mm plated with zinc on the wire mesh is meshed with a mesh of 5 cm to 30 cm.
It is preferable to use a bar steel having a diameter of 7 mm to 20 mm, which is galvanized on the vertical beam reinforcing bar and the horizontal beam reinforcing bar.

As described above, any one of the crimped wire mesh, the welded wire mesh, and the expanded metal wire is formed into a waveform having a triangular cross section, so that it has moderate strength and rigidity. And the vertical beam reinforcement and the horizontal beam reinforcement can be reliably held.

The wire mesh is well adapted to the slope soil,
In addition, the wire mesh shape allows the thick soil layer to be applied without giving an unreasonable load on the slope, which enables long-term vegetation vegetation vegetation, and provides a stable vegetation slope without the risk of cracking, peeling and peeling. Can be built.

Further, since the root system of the vegetation is entangled with the wire mesh and the reinforcing bar, earth and sand, and the root system of the wire mesh are integrated, the stability of the thick soil is extremely high. To prevent the vegetation slope from sticking to the ground.

The back seepage water is supplied with rainwater through the earth and sand on the entire slope, so that it is possible to supply a necessary amount of seepage water for vegetation and to grow a main tree (tree). Further, since the nutrient soil layer for water permeability, air permeability and vegetation on the entire slope is thick, the entire slope becomes a structure, and the loss of the soil is prevented.

[0031]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a wire mesh 2 used in the method of the present invention, in which a vertical wire 1a and a horizontal wire 1b of an iron wire are arranged orthogonally, and are constituted by a crimped wire mesh or a welded wire mesh formed into a mesh of a predetermined mesh. .

The wire mesh 2 is press-formed into a triangular waveform as shown in a vertical section in FIG. 2 or FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 show the correspondence based on the construction thickness t of the slope protection layer, and FIG.
In the case of 0 to 500 mm, FIG.
The case of ~ 200 mm is shown.

Referring also to FIGS. 4 to 6, wire mesh 2
The vertical beam reinforcing bar 3 and the horizontal beam reinforcing bar 4 are arranged and bound at the top T of the triangular waveform of the above, and the anchor 5 is attached to the slope H at the intersection of the vertical beam reinforcing bar 3 and the horizontal beam reinforcing bar 4. It is driven into H and is fixed. Further, in the middle between the horizontal beam reinforcing bars 4, a horizontal beam small bone reinforcing bar 4a is arranged at a lower part U of a wire mesh triangular waveform, and is fixed by a small anchor 5a.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG.
A wire mesh 8 of a small mesh such as expanded metal or crimp wire mesh is disposed on the horizontal step portion 2a having the triangular waveform.

Then, the mixture A of the on-site generated soil and the advanced chemical formation is sprayed by a spraying means or compressed by a compression means to complete a slope having a thick protective layer with a high nutrient level, and vegetation of trees. Becomes possible.

Further, the sediment sprayed or pressed by the small mesh wire mesh 8 of the wire mesh horizontal step portion 2a is prevented from flowing, the wire mesh 2 is reinforced, the stability of the earth and sand lamination and the root system of the vegetation are reduced to the wire mesh 8. To promote its growth.

Next, FIGS. 7 to 9 show an embodiment in which expanded metal is used for the wire netting 2A. That is, the wire mesh 2A made of expanded metal shown in FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the cross section is press-formed into a triangular waveform and arranged on the slope H. A vertical beam reinforcing bar 3 and a horizontal beam reinforcing bar 4 are arranged at the top of the corrugation of the wire mesh 2A, and an anchor 5 is provided at the intersection of the vertical beam reinforcing bar 3 and the horizontal beam reinforcing bar 4.
Is fixed to the slope H by being driven in, and is fixed to a lower portion of the corrugation by a small anchor 5a via a small beam rebar 4a.

The wire mesh 2 (2A) is made of a galvanized iron wire (iron plate) having a diameter of 1.6 to 15 mm, has a mesh of about 5 to 30 cm, and has a vertical beam reinforcing bar 3 and a horizontal beam reinforcing bar 4. It is preferable to use a zinc-plated one having a diameter of about 7 to 20 mm.

[0039]

The present invention has the following excellent effects.
It is composed mainly of a wire mesh formed by pressing any of crimped wire mesh, welded wire mesh, and expanded metal into a corrugated shape, so it has appropriate strength, rigidity, and secures the corrugated height, And the cross beam rebar can be securely held, and handling is easy.

Since only a wire mesh and a reinforcing bar which can be easily blended with the slope soil can be used, the material cost is approximately one third of the conventional method.

In the conventional method, a basic concrete structure is required at the lower part to support a concrete formwork. However, since a flexible wire mesh is arranged on the slope, a basic concrete structure requiring a large cost is not required. The cost can be remarkably reduced as compared with the conventional method.

Since the material and structure of the wire mesh are flexible,
It is closely integrated with the ground and has a great effect of preventing scouring of soil and prevention of flow of earth and sand.

Even on a geological slope that is unsuitable for vegetation, the vegetation base material layer can be thickly sprayed or crimped because earth and sand can be secured on the standing wire mesh, so that tree vegetation with long-term greening can be achieved. .

A fertilized soil made of a mixture of fertile soil (a base material obtained by pulverizing wood chips, fermented, peat moss, perlite black soil, chicken dung, nitrogen, potassium phosphate, etc.) and a reinforcing bar and a wire mesh structure which are easy to adapt to earth and sand. Trees can be vegetated because they are used as slope stabilizers.

Since no concrete formwork structure is used, water-permeable, air-permeable soil or advanced chemical conversion mixed with earth and sand contributes to the greening of all slopes by making the structure sufficient for planting. .

The back seepage water can be drained from the front through the soil layer on all the slopes, rainwater can permeate the required amount to the vegetation, and the supply of soil water and oxygen is performed all the time.
It has good ventilation and promotes vegetation nutrition.

The vegetation area which is 30% or more is larger than the vegetation area hindered by the concrete formwork of the conventional method.

Since the soil on the soil is laid on the entire slope by spraying or crimping means, the soil is not divided by the formwork as in the conventional construction method, so that the vegetation can be bred well, and the wire mesh and reinforcing steel can be used. And the plant root system are integrated, the stability of the entire slope is high, and the entire vegetation is possible. Because of this, cracks in the slope,
No peeling or peeling occurs.

The thick soil layer can cope with erosion of the soil due to heavy rain and frost heaving of the soil in winter.

[0050] An anchor with a large load such as a concrete form with a large load is not constructed on the slope, and the anchor can cope with the ground stress three times the anchor force by the conventional method.
Since no concrete formwork structure has been constructed, even if there are irregularities in the ground, there will be no problems such as applying excessive force and making construction difficult, and the reinforcing steel, wire mesh and anchor will not Since it is integrated over the entire surface, it can cope with any deformation of the ground, and therefore has a high slope protection effect.

[0051] Mudstone or tuff, sandy soil, gravel,
Construction is possible even on soils that are susceptible to surface erosion, such as sandy soil mixed with rock mass.

It is not necessary to stuff sandbags into sandbags, and to carry each bag of this weight on the slope (slope) one by one, so that the work is quick and four times as efficient as the conventional method.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a wire mesh for carrying out the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view showing one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a view of an embodiment of the present invention as viewed in a horizontal direction.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 7 is a plan view showing another embodiment of the wire mesh.

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an embodiment using the wire mesh of FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a plan view of FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a plan view of a conventional slope protection work.

11 is a longitudinal sectional view of FIG.

FIG. 12 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a main part of FIG. 10;

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 ... wire mesh 3 ... vertical beam rebar 4 ... transverse beam rebar 4a ... small bone rebar 5, 5a ... anchor 8 ... wire mesh

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A crimped wire mesh, a welded wire mesh, or an expanded metal mesh is formed into a triangular corrugated cross section, and a longitudinal beam reinforcing bar and a horizontal beam reinforcing bar are arranged and bound at the top of the corrugated wire mesh. A slope protection method characterized in that the wire mesh is fixed to the slope by driving an anchor at the intersection of the vertical beam reinforcing bar and the horizontal beam reinforcing bar, and is constructed by spraying earth and sand or a mixture of earth and sand with a high-grade chemical by spraying means. . 2. A crimped wire mesh, welded wire mesh, or expanded metal wire mesh is formed into a triangular corrugated cross section, and longitudinal beam rebars and horizontal beam rebars are tied and bound at the corrugated top of the wire mesh. A slope protection method characterized in that the wire mesh is fixed to the slope by driving an anchor at the intersection of the vertical beam reinforcing bar and the horizontal beam reinforcing bar, and is constructed by crimping earth and sand or a mixture of earth and sand and advanced chemical formation with a crimping means. . 3. The soil according to claim 1, wherein the soil is soil generated on site.
Either of the two slope protection methods. 4. The slope protection method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the beam is constructed by arranging a transverse beam small reinforcing bar between the transverse beam reinforcing bars. 5. The slope protection method according to claim 1, wherein a small mesh wire mesh is provided at a horizontal step of the corrugated wire mesh. 6. A 1.6-diameter galvanized wire mesh.
6. A steel wire having a mesh of 5 mm to 30 cm formed of an iron wire of 15 mm to 15 mm, and a bar of 7 mm to 20 mm in diameter which is galvanized on the vertical beam reinforcing bar and the horizontal beam reinforcing bar. Slope protection method.