JPH07158073A - Steel frame member for slope surface and slope greening method using the member - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To provide a steel frame member for slope surface for forming a planting frame of high workability and a slope greening method using the frame member. CONSTITUTION:This is a steel frame member 1 for slope surface, having a horizontal base section 11 and a vertical wing section 12 jointed integrally to each other. The section 11 has a projection end bearing plate 111 for a joint projected from both ends or one end, and an anchor insertion hole 110 is formed approximately at the center of the plate 111. The section 12 is formed out of one or two parallel flat materials long from side to side, and the edge thereof is formed to have one of U-shape, inverted T-shape and L-shape.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a sloped steel frame member for forming a vegetation frame having excellent workability on existing slopes such as concrete spraying surface, and a slope greening method using the same. Regarding

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A conventional rock bolt construction method is, as shown in FIG. 24, a drilling step (1) for making a hole 30 in a ground 3, and a mortar cement or the like in the hole 30 through a pressure hose 38. Grout material filling steps (2) and (3) for filling the grout material 39, and then the hole 30 and the grout material 39.
Anchor placing step (4) to place the lock bolt 7 inside
And an anchor head attaching step (5) of fixing the lock bolt 7 to the head portion 70 of the lock bolt 7 using a pedestal 76 and a tightening tool such as a nut 75.

The lock bolt 7 generally connects the structures of the slope 2 and the ground 3 (ground) and transmits the stress received by these structures to the ground side.

Therefore, the rock bolt 7 transmits the stress to the ground having a high consolidation strength such as rock, and is therefore also called rock anchor or rock anchor.

The above-mentioned rock bolt method is generally applied when the ground is alluvium, unconsolidated ground such as clay soil, or when the ground is soft ground which is expected to collapse due to weathering or erosion. It is a construction method that excels in efficiency and economy and is highly safe.

Further, the rock bolt method is applied when the slope 2 is a steep or vertical surface or for reinforcing a tunnel ceiling, etc., and it is necessary to effectively use a narrow land and reduce the amount of excavated soil as much as possible. It is also one of the effective civil engineering methods.

As shown in FIG. 24, the lock bolt 7
Is referred to as an anchor head 70, and an unstable layer 300 such as soft ground on the ground 3 side of the slope 2 is referred to as a tensile portion C, and the grout material 39 is filled and solidified. The portion may be referred to as the fixing portion D.

On the ground 3 side of the slope 2, as shown in FIG. 31, when the cavity 301 and the spring 302 are present, the ground is liable to collapse and the unstable layer 300 such as soft ground is easily broken.
Will be formed.

On the other hand, conventionally, for greening hard slopes 2 such as concrete sprayed surface and mortar sprayed surface, for example, wing lock vegetation method (FIG. 26), green pocket method (FIG. 27), reinforcement structure unit method. (FIG. 30), the vegetation wall method (FIG. 29), etc. are adopted.

As shown in FIG. 26, the wing-rock vegetation method described above has holes (penetrating holes) at a constant pitch on a slope 2 such as a concrete sprayed surface or mortar sprayed surface having a relatively gentle slope of 1: 0.5. Hole 20 is provided, a lock bolt 7 with a blade plate (see FIG. 26) is driven into a predetermined hole of the hole 20, and then the base sand 4 is reached to the upper end of the lock bolt 7.
Is sprayed on the slope 2, the wire net 51 is attached to the upper surface by the auxiliary anchor 701, and an organic mixture such as seeds and compost is sprayed to form the organic plant surface layer 59 (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 3-68174). Gazette).

The above green pocket construction method is shown in FIG.
As shown in 7, slopes 2 such as a concrete sprayed surface and a mortar sprayed surface where the gradient is relatively steeper than 1: 0.5
A relatively large punched-out window 21 is formed with a certain size (for example, horizontal 0.2 to 0.6 m × vertical 0.2 to 0.4 m), and a portion where the window 21 is formed is called a green pocket. This is a construction method (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 58-42335) that forms a vegetation portion including a spraying portion 41, a passenger bag 42, a safety mat 43, a rib net 44, a drainage port 40, and the like.

As shown in FIG. 30, the reinforcing bar structure unit construction method comprises a plurality of frame braces 92 formed by connecting longitudinal bars 94 and lateral bars 95 in a cross beam shape and a plurality of longitudinal main bars 9.
1 and the longitudinal main bar 91 is provided with engaging portions 93 at required intervals.
And a connecting portion 96 is formed in a single portion of the horizontal bar 95 to rotatably connect the engaging portion 93 and the connecting portion 96 (see Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 58-28028).

The above vegetation wall construction method is a large-scale block laying method that serves both slope greening and earth retaining work. As shown in FIG. 29, a large sized block 8 having a special predetermined shape is laid (see FIG. 29B). (See), this large block 8
This is a greening method in which the hollow part 80 is filled with a greening base material and earth and sand and vegetated.

[0014]

However, the above-mentioned prior art has the following problems. In the wing lock vegetation method, the work of placing a large number of lock bolts 7 with vanes is complicated.

In addition, when it takes a long time to stretch the wire net 51 (see FIG. 26), if there is rainfall after the formation of the sand base layer 4A and before the formation of the organic vegetation surface layer 59, the sand base layer is formed. Part of the layer 4A may be washed away.

On the other hand, in the green pocket method, as shown in FIGS. 27 and 28, a relatively large window 21 is opened on the slope 2 by using a cutting machine or the like to form a green pocket. Therefore, the work is complicated and requires a large amount of labor and the work of removing the residual material 28 from which the concrete spraying surface has been demolished is required, resulting in a high cost.

On the other hand, in the vegetation wall construction method, transportation and stacking work of the large blocks 8 used for the vegetation wall construction are complicated,
It requires a lot of work. Therefore, such work requires a long time and may not be applicable to a relatively gentle hard slope. In other words, this method has a topsoil gradient of 1: 0.
Optimal for 3 to 0.5, but unsuitable for hard slopes more gentle than 1: 0.5.

Further, although the reinforcing bar structure unit method has a feature of being able to cope with the unevenness of the ground surface, the work of assembling the reinforcing bar at the construction site may be complicated and may take a long time.

[0019]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the means adopted by the invention according to claim 1 will be described with reference to the drawings used in the embodiments. A steel frame member (1) for slopes, which is formed in a state where it is integrally connected to a wing portion (12), wherein the horizontal base portion (11) is a projecting end portion for a joint in a state of protruding at both end portions or one end portion. 14 or bearing plate 111,
The bearing plate 111 has an anchor insertion hole 110 at a substantially central portion thereof, and the vertical blade portion 12 is composed of one or two horizontally long flat plate-like objects, and has an end surface shape of a U shape and an inverted T shape. A steel frame member for slopes, which is in the shape of a letter or an L. It is.

The means adopted by the invention according to claim 2 is "a steel frame member for slopes 1 characterized in that the vertical blade portion 12 has a span length L of 2 to 6 m." .

The means adopted by the invention according to claim 3 is a steel frame member for slopes 1 characterized in that the height H of the vertical wings 12 is 8 to 30 cm. It is.

The means adopted by the invention according to claim 4 is "the steel frame member for slope 1 is a steel plate with uneven ribs or an aluminum alloy plate."

The means adopted by the invention according to claim 5 is that the material of the steel frame member 1 for slope is a plastic material having steel property and elasticity such as fiber reinforced plastic, engineered plastic and the like. What to do. "

The means adopted by the invention according to claim 6 is that "the horizontal base portion 11 or the vertical blade portion 12 has a plate width W of 8 to 30.
A steel frame member 1 for slopes, which is a mesh plate such as a through-hole plate having a thickness of 1 to 4 mm and a plate thickness of 1 to 4 mm, an expanded metal, and a synthetic resin sheet. It is.

The means adopted by the invention according to claim 7 is that "the horizontal base portion 11 and the vertical wing portion 12 are closely attached to the sloped surface uneven portion 25 at the slope contact portion 17.
A steel frame member for slopes 1 characterized by having. It is.

The means adopted by the invention according to claim 8 is that "a hole 20 is formed in the slope 2 and a horizontal base 11 having a lock bolt insertion hole 110 and a vertical blade 12 are provided on these predetermined holes. The pressure bearing plates 111 of the integrally formed steel surface frame member 1 for slopes are overlapped with each other in a crossed manner and tightened with the lock bolt 7 and the nut 76 to obtain 2 to 4 steel frame member 1 for slope surfaces. A large number of lattice-shaped or triangular-shaped vegetation frames 10 are connected to each other, and then a base sand 4 is sprayed to form a sand base layer 4A, on which a thick layer base material 5 is sprayed to form a two-layer structure. The vegetation deep floor layer 4B is formed and vegetation is carried out in the vegetation frame 10.

The means adopted by the invention according to claim 9 is "a slope greening method characterized by being an oblique lattice-shaped body having a span length L of 2 to 6 m."

The means adopted by the invention according to claim 10 is
"The above-mentioned vegetation frame 10 has a slope greening method characterized by having a filling material 120 injected and filled into an injection bag portion 120 for closely contacting with the sloped surface uneven portion 25."

The means adopted by the invention according to claim 11 is
"The slope greening method characterized in that the thickness of the sand base layer 4A is 6 to 20 cm."

The means adopted by the invention according to claim 12 is
"The deep vegetation layer 4B has a thickness of 8 to 30 cm, and is a slope greening method."

The horizontal base 11 and the vertical wings 12 are
The part where the back surface directly contacts the slope 2 (slope contact part 1
7). Therefore, when the slope convex portion 25 (see FIG. 12) exists on the slope 2, the slope contact portion 17
In the above, it is preferable that the injection bag portion 120 has a bag 120 for injection to be brought into close contact with the sloped surface uneven portion 25. Thereby, the vegetation frame 10 can be installed in a state in which the vegetation frame 10 is in close contact with the sloped surface uneven portion 25 and the like.

The horizontal base portion 11 and the vertical blade portion 1 are also provided.
2 is preferably a mesh plate made of expanded metal, synthetic resin mesh, or the like. Thereby, the vegetation frame 10 can be formed by being able to adapt to various shapes such as the uneven surface of the slope 2 due to the flexibility of the mesh plate.

The horizontal base portion 11 and the vertical blade portion 1 are also provided.
It is preferable that 2 is a through-hole plate (see FIG. 14). Thereby, the steel frame member for slopes 1 is provided with flexibility and is lightweight.

When the horizontal base 11 is the through-hole plate or the mesh plate, the reinforcing ribs 116 and 117 are used.
(See FIG. 17B). Thereby, rigidity such as mechanical strength of the horizontal base portion 11 is increased,
The durability is improved.

As a mode in which the horizontal base portion 11 and the vertical blade portion 12 are integrally connected to each other, the horizontal base portion 11 and the vertical base portion 12 can be vertically connected to each other by a joining means such as press forming or welding. In some cases, the steel frame member for slopes 1 is formed in an end shape in which the blade portion 12 is integrally connected to one of a U shape, an inverted T shape, and an L shape. It is preferable that the projecting end portion 14 for the joint is connected to the vertical blade portion 12 in a T shape and has a protruding portion 115 for connecting to the bearing plate 111. This facilitates and ensures the connection between the tip portion 14 and the bearing plate 111.

As the pressure-bearing plate 111 for the joint which is projected at both ends or one end, for example, a square or rectangular plate-like member extends on a horizontal plane substantially the same as the horizontal base 11. , The mutual connection portion of the steel frame members for slopes 1 and the bearing plate 73 (see FIG. 24).
Some have both functions (see (5)).

The anchor insertion hole has a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the lock bolt 7, and is located at the approximate center of the bearing plate 111 for the joint. Also,
It is preferable that the pressure support plate 111 has an injection bag portion 16 for closely contacting with the sloped surface uneven portion 25 at the slope contact portion 17. As a result, the bearing plate 111 can be brought into close contact with the sloped surface uneven portion 25.

The end face shape of the steel frame member for slopes 1 has a U shape, an inverted T shape, or an L shape which has been prefabricated in advance in a factory or the like. , U-shaped ones (see FIG. 7), L-shaped ones (see FIG. 16A), and inverted T-shaped ones (see FIGS. 7 and 22) made of various materials such as a perforated plate and a mesh plate. (See) and other shapes. For the above-mentioned U-shape, it is preferable to use a spacer 15 having a substantially H-shape (see FIG. 3B) fitted in the U-shaped groove 121 at various places (see FIG. )reference). This can prevent deformation of the sloped steel frame member 1 during transportation or construction. The spacer 15 has, for example, a flat H-shape, and has both wings 151.
And a connecting portion 152.

The span length L of the horizontal base 11 is 2 to
It is preferably 6 m. As a result, one side is 2-6m
The vegetation frame 10 having a lattice shape or a triangular shape can be formed (see FIG. 3A). As a result, it is possible to easily and continuously form a large number of vegetation frames 10 such as a lattice-shaped triangle having a relatively large area.

The height H of the vertical wings 12 is 8 to 30.
It is preferably cm. This is the sand base layer 4
A, corresponding to the thickness of the thick layer base material 5, these can be held on the slope.

The vegetation frame 10 preferably has a quadrangular or triangular shape, and has substantially the same in-frame dimension (span length L) of a vertical frame and a horizontal frame or one side of 2 to 6 m. As a result, the vegetation frame 10 having a relatively large area in the frame bare land portion
Can be formed.

The sloped steel frame member 1 is preferably, for example, a hot-dip galvanized steel plate or aluminum alloy plate having excellent corrosion resistance. This makes it easy to process
The steel frame member for slopes 1 having excellent durability can be configured.

The material of the steel frame member for slopes 1 is preferably a plastic material having a steel property and elasticity such as fiber reinforced plastic and engineered plastic. Thereby, the steel frame member 1 for slopes excellent in workability, durability, and elasticity can be configured.

The horizontal base 11 and the vertical wings 12 are
A mesh plate having a plate width W of 8 to 30 cm and a plate thickness of 1 to 4 mm, a mesh plate such as a perforated plate, an expanded metal, or a mesh made of synthetic resin is preferable. Thereby, the steel frame member 1 for slopes which is lightweight and has excellent steel property and elasticity can be configured.

The horizontal base 11 and the vertical wings 12 are
It is preferable that the slope contact portion 17 has a bag 120 for injection to be brought into close contact with the sloped surface 25. Thereby, the fluid 46 such as cement milk is injected into the injection bag portion 120 to correspond to the uneven shape of the slope 2.
The slope contact portion 17 of the vegetation frame 10 can be brought into close contact with the slope uneven portion 25 (see FIGS. 11 and 12).

The bag 120 for injection is made of, for example, a synthetic resin having durability and elasticity, and a bag-like object having an injection port for the fluid 46 is joined with an adhesive or the like.

The vegetation frame 10 of the oblique lattice has a horizontal base portion 11 and a vertical wing portion 1 during heavy rainfall such as heavy rain.
2 drainage gutter 121 (U-shaped) or inverted T
With the L-shaped drainage groove of the L-shaped corner L-shaped portion, it is possible to configure the excess water to easily flow downward (arrow). Therefore, in order to efficiently drain the surplus water on the slope 2, it is convenient to form the slanted lattice (see FIGS. 4 and 5).

The hole 20 has a diameter of, for example, 20 to 60 m.
m is a hole that penetrates the entire slope 2 of the existing concrete spraying surface, mortar spraying surface, etc. (T1) of 7 to 30 cm, and various rock drills 86 are used as the drilling method. Moreover, about 4 to 10 holes 20 are provided per 1 m ² . Here, the lock bolt 7 is driven in the hole 20 at a predetermined position which is each apex of the quadrangle or the rhombus so as to have a lattice shape of the quadrangle or the rhombus (see FIG. 2). Then, a water conduit (for example, a vegetation cylinder having a capillary action) for efficiently collecting the permeated water 31 on the natural ground 3 side and facilitating the introduction to the slope side is fitted into the remaining other holes 20, for example. It is preferable to insert or sufficiently fill and fill the base sand 4.

The base sand 4 is blown onto the surface of the slope 2 having a relatively gentle slope (1: 0.5 or less) such as an existing concrete spraying surface or a mortar spraying surface by using an air pump 84 or the like. wear. Thereby, for example, the thickness is 6 to 20.
cm sand base layer 4A is formed.

The sand has a particle size of 0.2 to 2.0 m, for example.
m coarse sand, 0.02-0.2 mm fine sand, 0.002-
River sand mixed with an appropriate ratio of 0.02 mm fine sand,
Use mountain sand. Further, the mountain sand may contain silt (clay) having a particle size of less than 0.02 mm.

The thick-layer base material 5 is preferably made of organic active fertilizer, mineral-fired lightweight material, humic acid substance, polymer flocculant and plant seed.

Examples of the organic active fertilizers include various plant-based recycled materials such as bark compost, peat moss, and mulch (green manure).

Examples of the polymer flocculants include tacky polymer materials such as acrylic resins, polyvinyl (PVC) resins and melamine resins.

Examples of the mineral-fired lightweight material include pearlite-fired foam, obsidian-fired foam, vermiculite-fired foam,
There are foamed diatomaceous earth particles.

Examples of the humic acid substances include various plant-based recyclable materials such as coconut husks, rice straw, deciduous leaves, sawdust, and green manure.

Examples of the plant seeds include lawn, Kentucky 31, creeping, timothy, yamahagi and the like.

The sand base layer 4A has a thickness of 6 to 2
It is preferably 0 cm. As a result, the rooting of the plant 6 is improved and the growth of the plant 6 is improved (see FIG. 19).

The deep vegetation layer 4B has a thickness of 8 to 30c.
It is preferably m. As a result, the plant 6 having a relatively large height can be vegetated (planted) in the vegetation frame 10.

Examples of the binder forming the sand base layer 4A include various cements, water glass,
There are gypsum and other organic polymer substances.

The sloped steel frame member 1 has a horizontal base 1
1. It is preferable that the vertical wing portion 12 has an uneven rib 125 (see FIGS. 7 and 17B to 18). As a result, the rigidity of the sloped steel frame member 1 is improved,
Moreover, the durability of the sloped steel frame member 1 is increased. Further, the cross sections of the horizontal base portion 11 and the vertical blade portion 12 are increased to increase the stress resistance thereof, and the plate thickness of the horizontal base portion 11 and the vertical blade portion 12 can be reduced, resulting in light weight.

The lock bolt 7 has, for example, a thread groove 700 for screwing the nut 75 in the head portion 70, and an anchor insertion hole 110 in the substantially central portion of the bearing plate 111 below the head portion. (See FIGS. 11 to 18). Thus, for example, by the steel frame member 1 for 2 to 4 slopes, the pressure bearing plates 111 are overlapped with each other in a cross shape via the lock bolts 7, and the lock bolts 7 and the nuts 75 are tightened to connect them. can do. As a result, the intersection strength of the vegetation frame 10 is improved.

In the L-shaped portion existing on the front side of the inverted T-shape, a material for forming a vegetation part, for example, a vegetation bag, a customer soil bag 43 (see FIG. 27), for example, a vegetation bag, It is preferable to have a size such that a customer bag can be placed on it. As a result, the vegetation part formed in the L-shaped part is
It has a function as a pocket portion in the conventional green pocket construction method or as a hollow portion of a large block in the vegetation wall construction method, and can replace the vegetation portion in these conventional construction methods.

Bearing plate 111 for the joint
Is preferably made of a material having elasticity and rigidity such as a steel material, a metal material such as an aluminum alloy, a reinforced plastics material, or an engineering plastics material.

The slope 2 is, for example, an existing aging concrete spraying surface, mortar spraying surface, retaining wall, hard rock, or the like.

Examples of the grout material 39 include cement milk and mortar. On the other hand, the lock bolt 7 preferably has an anchor length of 1 to 5 m.
As a result, the rock bolt 7 is the unstable layer 3 which is the soft ground such as the cavity 301 and the spring 302 on the ground 3 side.
00 is partially present, the unstable layer 30
0 can be easily reinforced with a lock bolt.

The steel frame member 1 for slopes has a U-shaped end face (see FIG. 7), an inverted T-shape (see FIGS. 11 and 22), or an L-shape (see FIG. 16 (a)). ) To FIG. 18), it is preferable that they are integrally pressed. This facilitates the production of the sloped steel frame member 1 and reduces the cost. When a load such as the sand base layer 4A is applied to the shape portion, the L-shaped portion serves as a nail removing work. Moreover, by this, the sand base layer 4A, the deep vegetation layer 4B
Can be securely held.

[0067]

The operation of the steel frame member for slopes and the slope greening method using the same according to the present invention constructed as described above will be described with reference to the drawings of the embodiments.

In the steel frame member 1 for slopes according to the present invention,
The horizontal base portion 11 has a projecting end portion 14 or a bearing plate 111 for a joint in a state of protruding at both end portions or one end portion.
have. Therefore, by connecting each pressure bearing plate 111 of the steel frame member for slopes 2 to 4 to each other by using a tightening tool such as the lock bolt 7 and the nut 75, on the slope 2, for example, It is possible to easily form a large number of continuous vegetation frames 10 each having a diagonal grid shape or a triangular shape (see FIG. 5). Further, since each vegetation frame 10 is firmly connected to each other via the lock bolt 7, the sand base layer 4A and the like can be firmly held.

Further, in the head portion 70 of the lock bolt 7, the bearing plate 111 of the joint portion is attached to the nut 7
5, the anchor body 71 is fixed to the slope 2 through the fasteners such as the pedestal 76, and the anchor main body 71 is inserted on the side of the natural ground 3 to reinforce the lock bolt like a reinforcing bar. The bearing plate 111 and the grout material 39 are attached and fixed.

As a result, the head 70 of the lock bolt 7 is supported, and the rock bolt is reinforced on the ground 3 side and both ends of the lock bolt 7 are fixed, so that an unstable layer such as soft ground of the rock 3 is formed. It provides a tightening reinforcement effect of 300.

This is because the anchor body 71 of the lock bolt 7 has a tensile resistance force, a shear resistance force, a bending resistance force, etc., which is an unstable layer 30 such as soft ground existing in a part on the ground side.
This is due to the anchor effect of 0 and stabilization, and the bearing effect of the bearing plate 111 clamped and fixed to the slope 2 such as the concrete spraying surface or the mortar spraying surface.

Therefore, according to the slope greening method of the present invention, the unstable layer 3 such as the soft ground existing on a part of the ground 3 side is present.
00 can be strengthened and stabilized, and cracks 29 etc. have begun to occur.
Can be efficiently repaired and reinforced.

On the other hand, by holding the sand base layer 4A and the thick layer base material 5 by the vertical blades 12 of the steel frame member 1 for slopes, the slope 2 is stabilized and the entire surface of the lawn is protected. , Ivy, shrubs, etc. can be efficiently vegetated.

Therefore, according to the slope greening method of the present invention, an anchor work for firmly connecting the intersections in the connecting portion of the steel frame member 1 for slope is also used, and the soft ground on the slope 2 and the ground 3 side is further used. The vegetation frame 10 is formed by increasing the contact strength of the steel frame member 1 formed on the slope 2 as well as anchoring the unstable layer 300 such as the above, and efficiently greening the entire surface layer portion of the slope 2. The scenery can be improved. In the case where the slope contact portion 17 has the injection bag portion 120 for closely contacting the sloped surface uneven portion, the fluid 46 such as cement milk is injected and filled in the injection bag portion 120. The slope contact portion 17 can be brought into close contact with the slope uneven portion 25.

When the end surface of the sloped steel frame member 1 is U-shaped, the U-shaped portion functions as a drainage groove to prevent erosion against a large amount of temporary rainfall. Play the role of a gutter. In addition, the end surface shape is an inverted T shape or L
The L-shaped front-side corner portion also has the same drainage function. Further, since the sloped steel frame member 1 is prefabricated into one of the above shapes by being prefabricated in a factory or the like, the assembling process at the construction site is reduced and the workability is factory.

Therefore, the steel frame member 1 for slope and the slope greening method using the same according to the present invention can be applied to the slope 2 such as concrete sprayed surface or mortar sprayed surface on highways, steep slopes, land reclamation sites, etc. On the other hand, the conventional wing rock vegetation method (Fig. 26) and the effect of anchoring such as the collapse prevention of the inside of the ground by the conventional rock bolt method (Fig. 25) are simultaneously realized. be able to.

[0077]

【Example】

(Example 1) A steel frame member for slopes which is an example of the present invention will be described with reference to Figs. 1 to 15 and Figs. 19, 24 and 25. In this example, first, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, a large number of holes 20 are provided by using a rock drill on a slope 2 (having a thickness of about 10 cm) such as an existing concrete spraying surface or mortar spraying surface near an expressway.
These holes 20 have a diameter of 40 to 60 mm,
Provide 5 to 7 per m ² .

The slope 2 is, for example, a crack 29 (see FIG. 3).
(Refer to 1)), etc. The slope is in a deteriorated state where a part of it is occurring and the slope is gentler than 1: 0.5. When the slope 2 has irregularities, concrete or mortar is sprayed on the slope 2 in advance to smooth the entire surface.

Next, as shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 7, for example, the lock bolts 7 are driven into the anchor insertion holes 110 of the bearing plates 111 of the four steel frame members 1 for slopes. Then, an anchor array is formed in a substantially diagonal grid pattern. The span length L between the vertical frame and the horizontal frame of the sloped steel frame member 1 is about 2 m. The height H of each frame is about 15 cm.

On the other hand, when the sloped uneven portion 25 remains on a part of the sloped surface 2, instead of the sloped steel frame member 1 (FIG. 7), as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12. Use of a steel frame member 1 for slopes, which has projecting end portions 14 for joints protruding at both ends or one end portion, and also has a bag 120 for injection for closely contacting with the sloped surface irregularities 25. You can also This makes it possible to form the vegetation frame 10 that is in close contact with the sloped surface uneven portion 25. As a part of the sloped steel frame member 1, as shown in FIGS. 13 to 15, the horizontal base portion 11 and the vertical blade portions 12 are made of a through-hole plate or a mesh plate and are lightweight and rich in elasticity. The steel frame member 1 is used. As a result, the work of forming the vegetation frame 10 can be performed more quickly and easily, and the shape of the vegetation frame 10 can be slightly deformed corresponding to the unevenness of the slope 2.

Here, as shown in FIGS. 24 and 25, the hole 2
0 and the hole 30 in the ground 3 is filled with a grout material 39 such as mortar cement or cement milk.

It should be noted here that, when the hole 20 is provided on the slope 2, the soft ground such as the cavity 301 and the spring 302 is formed in a part of the ground 3 side as shown in FIG. When the unstable layer 300 such as the above exists, the grout material 39 such as cement milk is press-fitted through the hole 20 through the hose 38 to reinforce and stabilize the unstable layer 300 such as the soft ground.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, starting from the reference line 19 provided on the shoulder, the vegetation frame 10 having a triangular shape or a lattice shape is continuously formed downward (in the direction of the arrow). As a result, it is possible to continuously form the vegetation frame 10 (FIG. 5) in the form of an oblique lattice.

24 (1) to (5), the anchor body 71 of the lock bolt 7 is inserted into the hole 20 filled with the grout material 39, and then the grout material 39 is inserted.
Was solidified, and the tensile portion C, which was the unstable layer 300 such as soft ground, was clamped and fixed by the bearing plate 111 and the fixing portion D. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5A, in the head portion 70 of the lock bolt 7, a pressure bearing plate 73 is provided by using a tightening tool such as a nut 75 and a pedestal 76.
Is fixed to the surface of the slope 2 by pressing.

Then, as shown in FIG. 19, the base sand 4 is sprayed onto the slope 2 by a pressure feeder to a position near the anchor head 70 to form a sand base layer 4A having a thickness of about 12 cm. It should be noted that the holes 2 other than this in which the lock bolts 7 are placed
No. 0 has a water conduit (not shown) inserted in advance or the base sand 4
Is fully injected and filled. Further, as shown in FIG. 6, only the base sand 4 is poured into the U-shaped groove 121. This enables a burying method that can cover the entire steel frame member 1 for slopes (FIG. 5), improving the landscape of slope 2.

Then, as shown in FIG. 19, a thick layer base material 5 having a thickness of about 3 cm is sprayed on the sand base layer 4A. As a result, the total thickness is about 15 cm2
A vegetation deep bed layer 4B composed of layers is formed.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 19, vegetation deep bed layer 4B is vegetated with, for example, lawn, ivy, yamahagi, etc., and the sloped steel frame member 1 is used as the base sand 4 and the thick layer base material. It was possible to efficiently green the entire upper surface of the slope 2 and improve the landscape by burying it with 5 or the like (total covering).

As the base sand 4, river sand in which fine sand, coarse sand, fine sand and the like are appropriately mixed is used. And
Base sand 4 is 89% by weight of river sand, 7% by weight of water, 2% by weight of binder such as cement, 1.5% by weight of greening base material such as bark compost, and 0.5% by weight of solid fertilizer and trace amount. It is composed of a sandy mixture consisting of plant growth materials such as elements (molybdenum, boric acid, etc.). As a result, the sand base layer 4A with good rooting of the plant 6 is formed. The thick layer base material 5 is composed of a plant base material such as bark compost, peat moss, perlite, corrosive soil, and coconut husk fiber mixed with plant seeds such as the lawn. This thick layer base material 5 is
The plant bed is mainly suitable for germination of plant seeds.

On the other hand, when the pore volume of the sand base layer 4A was measured by a predetermined method, the average value (n = 10) was 35 ± 2% by volume.

Therefore, the permeated water 31 introduced into the sand base layer 4A from the ground 3 through the holes 20 brings about a sand drain effect of moving by capillary action in the capillary pore gap of the base sand 4, and the sand base layer 4A is The three-phase distribution optimal for the growth of the plant 6 will be exhibited.

The sand base layer 4A and the thick layer base material 5 are also provided.
In the deep vegetation bed 4B having a two-layer structure consisting of
Growth is promoted, especially when the thickness of the sand base layer 4A is 1
Since it is 2 to 15 cm, the rooting of the plant 6 is improved. In addition, the deep vegetation layer 4B is stably held on the slope 2 by the root 61, and the drainage port of the U-shaped groove 121 is stable and does not collapse even if a temporary large amount of water such as heavy rain moves. The vegetation deep bed layer 4B is formed. Further, since the horizontal base 11 of the steel frame member for slopes 1 and the smooth concrete or mortar surface on the slope 2 are in close contact with each other, the vegetation frame 10
The base sand 4 etc. does not flow out.

On the other hand, in this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the lock bolt 7 is inserted into the hole 20 to provide an anchor effect like a reinforcing bar, and both ends of the lock bolt 7 are bearing plates. 111 and grout material 39 are attached and fixed.

Thus, the head 70 of the lock bolt 7 is supported, and the anchor effect on the ground side and the fastening of the unstable layer 300 such as the soft ground of the ground 3 by fixing both ends of the rock bolt 7 are tightened. It has an effect.

Therefore, according to the slope greening method using the sloped steel frame member 1 of the present invention, the unstable layer 300 such as the soft ground existing on a part of the ground 3 side is strengthened by the ground. , Which can be stabilized and cracked by the newly sprayed concrete, mortar, base sand 4, etc. on the slope 2.
The surface of the sloping slope 2 (Fig. 31)
Can be efficiently repaired and reinforced.

(Embodiment 2) In this embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 16 to 19, the vertical blade portion 12 is 20 cm and the span length L is 2 m.
Then, by using the steel frame member 1 for slope having an L-shaped end face,
A slope greening method that can relatively easily form a large number of grid-shaped vegetation frames 10 on the slope 2 is implemented. That is,
Instead of the sloped steel frame member 1 (FIG. 7) whose end surface shape is a U-shape, an L-shaped sloped steel frame member 1 (FIGS. 16 to 1) is used.
8) is used to form a box-shaped vegetation frame 10 as shown in FIG.

First, as in the first embodiment, concrete or mortar 28 is sprayed on the slope 2 to make the entire slope substantially smooth. Then, after forming the hole 20, two ends of the steel frame member for slope 1 are made to cross each other at right angles on the hole 20 to form a corner portion 13, and at this corner portion 13, a bearing pressure for a joint is provided. Two plates 111 are superposed on each other, and the lock bolts 7 are attached to the bearing plate 11.
The bolt 75 is screwed into the first anchor insertion hole 110.

As a result, the box-shaped vegetation frame 10 can be formed by a relatively simple method as shown in FIG.
And by arranging each vegetation frame 10 adjacently,
The vegetation frame 10 (FIG. 5) in the form of a diagonal grid is continuously formed.
The sloped steel frame member 1 has a through hole 125 (see FIGS. 16B and 16B) and a mesh plate (see FIG. 17).
(See (b)) and a frame having frames 116 and 126 (see FIGS. 17 (b) and 18) can also be used.

Next, as in the first embodiment, the sand base layer 4A having a thickness of about 15 cm is formed in the vegetation frame 10 by spraying the base sand 4 first. Then, a thick layer base material 5 is sprayed on the layer to form a vegetation deep bed layer 4B having a two-layer structure with a total thickness of about 20 cm (see FIG. 19).

By forming the steel frame member for slopes 1 whose contact points are reinforced by the lock bolts 7, the sand base layer 4A and the thick layer base material 5 are firmly held and their downward movement is prevented. Efficiently vegetates lawns, ivy, shrubs, etc. on the entire slope 2 while achieving non-slip.
can do.

Therefore, according to the sloped steel frame member 1 of the present invention and the slope greening method using the sloped frame member 1, the unstable layer 300 such as the soft ground on the slope 2 and the ground 3 is anchored. At the same time, the entire surface of the slope 2 can be greened efficiently to improve the scenery.

Therefore, the slope revegetation method of the present invention has a comparatively steep slope 2 such as a concrete spraying surface or a mortar spraying surface, and the effect of conventional wing rock vegetation on the entire slope and the conventional greening effect. It is possible to simultaneously exert the effect of the anchor effect inside the natural ground by the rock bolt method.

Further, in this example, since the relatively light and prefabricated steel frame member 1 for slopes can be used, the vegetation frame 10 having a simple frame and excellent rigidity can be easily formed. .

(Embodiment 3) In this embodiment, as shown in FIG.
The height H of the vertical wings 12 is 25 cm, and the span length L is 2.
By using the steel frame member 1 for slopes having an end face shape of 5 m and having an inverted T-shape, simple slope greening instead of the conventional green pocket construction method (see FIG. 27) and vegetation wall construction method (see FIG. 29) The construction method is carried out.

In this example, in the vegetation frame 10 of the sloped steel frame member 1, 88% by weight of river sand and 7.0% of water were used.
% By weight, 2.5% by weight of binder such as cement, 2.0% by weight of greening base material such as bark compost, and the balance is solid fertilizer, a plant rich material such as trace elements and a binder rich base consisting of plant seeds Thickness of about 20c using sand 4
m sand base layer 4A was formed.

Then, the thick base material 4 is sprayed on the sand base layer 4A so that the total thickness of the two-layer structure is 25c.
m vegetation deep bed layer 4B was formed (see FIG. 19).

On the other hand, in the U-shaped groove (not shown) formed between the vegetation frames 10, concrete or mortar 28 is sprayed and filled in advance in the same manner as in the first embodiment. It is possible to form a concrete frame (see FIG. 6) having the same effect as the spraying section 41 in the pocket construction method (see FIG. 27).

As a result, it is possible to form a simple deep vegetation layer 4B, which replaces the conventional green pocket method and vegetation wall method (see FIG. 29).

This is because the height H of the vertical blade portion 12 of the inverted T-shaped steel frame member 1 for slope is about 25 cm, which is relatively high, and the horizontal base portion 11 has this vertical blade portion. This is because it has an inverted T-shape that stably supports the portion 12 from both sides. Therefore, according to this example, by forming a vegetation frame having a depth slightly deeper than that of the first and second embodiments by a simple construction method on the slope 2 having a steeper slope than the first and second embodiments, The deep vegetation bed 4B having a thickness of about 25 cm can be formed.

[0109]

As described above in detail, in the invention according to claim 1, as illustrated in the first embodiment, "the horizontal base portion 11 and the vertical blade portion 12 are integrally connected to each other. In the formed steel frame member for slopes 1, the horizontal base portion 11 has a projecting end portion 14 or a bearing plate 111 for a joint in a state of protruding at both ends or one end, and the bearing plate Reference numeral 111 denotes an anchor insertion hole 110 at a substantially central portion, and the vertical wing portion 12 has a horizontally long shape 1.
A steel frame member 1 for slopes, which is made of a single plate or two parallel plates and has an end surface shape of any one of a U shape, an inverted T shape, and an L shape. ], The support plate 111
The vegetation frame 10 can be relatively easily formed on the slope 2 by the prefabricated steel frame member 1 for slopes which is easily connected to each other via the lock bolts 7.

According to the sloped steel frame member 1 of the second aspect, since the span length L is 2 to 6 m, the relatively large lattice-shaped or triangular-shaped vegetation frame 10 can be continuously constructed with good workability. Can be formed.

According to the sloped steel frame member 1 of the third aspect, since the height H of the vertical wings 12 is relatively high at 8 to 30 cm, the sand base layer 4A and the thick layer base material 5 are formed. It is possible to easily form the deep vegetation bed 4B having a two-layer structure consisting of and having a thickness of 8 to 30 cm.

According to the sloped steel frame member 1 of the fourth aspect, since it is a steel plate with ribs or an aluminum alloy plate having irregularities, it is excellent in durability and steel property.

According to the steel frame member 1 for slope surface according to the fifth aspect, since the material is a plastic material having rigidity and elasticity such as fiber reinforced plastic or engineer plastic, it corresponds to the uneven surface of the slope surface 2. Thus, the vegetation frame 10 that can be slightly deformed can be formed.

According to the steel frame member 1 for slopes according to the sixth aspect, the plate thickness of the horizontal base portion 11 and the vertical blade portion 12 is 1 to 4.
Since it is a through-hole plate and a mesh plate of mm, it is lightweight and has excellent elasticity.

According to the steel frame member for slopes 1 according to the seventh aspect, the slope contact portions 17 of the horizontal base portion 11 and the vertical blade portions 12 are formed.
In the above, since the injection bag portion 120 that is in close contact with the sloped surface uneven portion 25 is provided, it is possible to form the vegetation frame 10 that can be changed according to the shape of the sloped surface uneven portion 25.

According to the slope greening method according to the eighth aspect, the prefabricated steel for prefabricated end face is preliminarily formed into a U-shape, an inverted T-shape, or an L-shape. Since the frame member 1 is used, the vegetation frame 10 can be easily assembled and excellent in workability. Also, the lock bolts 7 are used to support each pressure support plate
Can be easily connected to form the vegetation frame 10,
The unstable layer 300 such as soft ground on the ground 3 side is anchored and the vegetation deep bed layer 4B having a two-layer structure is firmly held by the steel frame member 1 for slope, and the entire surface of the slope 2 is retained. Can be planted efficiently and with good workability.

According to the slope greening method according to the eighth aspect, the hollow portion 301 and the spring portion 3 existing in a part of the natural ground 3 side.
The unstable layer 300 of soft ground such as 02 can be reliably anchored.

According to the slope greening method according to the ninth aspect, it is possible to continuously form the vegetation frame 10 in a slanting lattice-like body having a relatively large span length L of 2 to 6 m with good workability.

According to the slope greening method according to claim 10,
Since the steel frame member 1 for slope is used in which the fluid material 46 is injected and filled in the bag 120 for injection, which is brought into close contact with the sloped surface 25 at the slope contact portion 17, the sloped surface 25 for slope surface is used.
The vegetation frame 10 above can be easily assembled, and the vegetation frame 10 can be fixed in close contact with the slope 2 so that the workability is excellent.

According to the slope greening method according to claim 11,
Since the thickness of the sand base layer 4A is 6 to 20 cm,
The rooting of the plant 6 is improved and the growth of the plant 6 is improved.

According to the slope greening method according to claim 12,
Since the thickness of the deep vegetation layer 4B is 8 to 30 cm, the deep floor vegetation frame 10 can be easily formed with good workability by a relatively simple construction method that replaces the conventional green pocket construction method and vegetation block construction method.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a vegetation frame that is continuously formed by using a sloped steel frame member according to a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a grid-shaped vegetation frame according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a plan view (a) of a vegetation frame of another embodiment in Example 1 and a perspective view (b) of a spacer used therefor.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a lattice-shaped vegetation frame according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of an oblique lattice-shaped vegetation frame that is continuously formed in Example 1.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the vegetation frame showing a state in which the U-shaped groove in Example 1 is filled with the base sand.

FIG. 7 is a partially enlarged perspective view of the sloped steel frame member according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a state in which pressure bearing plates for joints of steel frame members for slopes in Example 1 are connected.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a state in which the joint bearing plates in the first embodiment are connected.

FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a number of connected support plates for joints in the first embodiment.

FIG. 11 is a perspective view showing a state where the steel frame member for slopes according to the first embodiment has an injection bag portion for adhering the sloped surface irregularities.

FIG. 12 is a side view showing the sloped steel frame member according to the first embodiment, in which the sloped surface has an injection bag portion for adhesion.

FIG. 13 is a perspective view of another aspect of the vegetation frame formed using the sloped steel frame member according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 14 is a plan view of another aspect of the steel frame member for slopes according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 15 is a perspective view of a steel frame member for slopes according to still another aspect of the first embodiment.

FIG. 16 is a partially enlarged perspective view of the steel frame member for slopes according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 17 is a partially enlarged perspective view of another aspect of the steel frame member for slopes according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 18 is a partially enlarged perspective view of a steel frame member for slopes according to still another aspect of the second embodiment.

FIG. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing a vegetation state of a vegetation frame formed in Example 2.

FIG. 20 is a perspective view on the back side of a sloped steel frame member of another mode according to the second embodiment.

FIG. 21 is a perspective view of a vegetation frame formed using the sloped steel frame member according to the second embodiment.

22 is a partially enlarged perspective view of a sloped steel frame member according to Example 3. FIG.

FIG. 23 is an explanatory diagram showing each step of a conventional rock bolt construction method.

FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view of the vicinity of a lock bolt used in a conventional lock bolt construction method.

FIG. 25 is a partial plan view in the vicinity of a lock bolt of a conventional lock bolt construction method.

FIG. 26 is a sectional view showing a vegetation state by a conventional wing lock vegetation method.

FIG. 27 is a sectional view showing a vegetation state by a conventional green pocket method.

FIG. 28 is an explanatory view showing a problem of the conventional green pocket method.

FIG. 29 is a sectional view (a) showing a vegetation state by a conventional vegetation wall method and a perspective view (b) of a large block.

FIG. 30 is an explanatory view of a conventional reinforcing bar structure unit construction method.

FIG. 31 is a cross-sectional view showing a conventional unstable layer such as soft ground on the ground side.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 Steel Frame Member for Slope 10 Vegetation Frame 11 Horizontal Base 12 Vertical Wing 120 120 Injection Bag 13 Corner Corner 14 Tip 15 Spacer 2 Slope 20 Hole 28 Smooth Concrete or Mortar Surface 3 Rock 30 Ground Hole drilling hole 4 Base sand 4A Sand base layer 4B Vegetation deep bed layer 5 Thick layer base material 6 Plant 7 Rock bolt 71 Anchor body 75 Bolt 76 Pedestal

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A steel frame member for slopes, which is formed in a state in which a horizontal base portion and a vertical blade portion are integrally connected,
The horizontal base has a projecting end or a bearing plate for the joint in a state of protruding at both ends or one end, the bearing plate has an anchor insertion hole at a substantially central portion, and the vertical wings are A steel frame member for slopes, which is made of a horizontally long single plate or two parallel flat plates and has an end face shape of any of a U-shape, an inverted T-shape, and an L-shape. 2. The vertical wings have a span length L of 2 to 6
m is a steel frame member for slopes. 3. The vertical wing has a height H of 8 to 30 c.
m is a steel frame member for slopes. 4. The steel frame member for slopes, wherein the steel frame member for slopes is an uneven ribbed steel plate or an aluminum alloy plate. 5. The steel frame member for slopes, characterized in that the material of the steel frame member for slopes is a plastics material having steel property and elasticity such as fiber reinforced plastic and engineered plastic. 6. The plate width W of the horizontal base portion and the vertical blade portion is W.
Is a mesh plate such as a through-hole plate having a thickness of 8 to 30 cm and a thickness of 1 to 4 mm, an expanded metal, a mesh made of a synthetic resin, and the like, and a steel frame member for slopes. 7. The steel product for slope surface, wherein the horizontal base portion and the vertical blade portion have an injection bag portion for closely contacting the sloped surface uneven portion at the slope contact portion. Frame member. 8. A bearing plate for a steel frame member for slopes, in which holes are bored in the slope and a horizontal base having an anchor insertion hole and a vertical wing are integrally formed on these predetermined holes. Are laid one on top of the other and are tightened with lock bolts and nuts to connect 2 to 4 steel frame members for slopes as one unit, thereby forming a plurality of lattice-shaped or triangular vegetation frames. After that, base sand is sprayed to form a sand base layer, and a thick base material is sprayed on this to form a vegetation deep bed layer having a two-layer structure, and vegetation is carried out in a vegetation frame. Slope slope greening method. 9. The slope greening method, wherein the vegetation frame is an oblique lattice-shaped body having a span length of 2 to 6 m. 10. The slope revegetation method, wherein the vegetation frame has a filling bag filled with a fluid substance for adhering to the uneven surface of the slope. 11. The sand base layer has a thickness of 6 to 2.
Slope greening method characterized by being 0 cm. 12. The deep vegetation layer has a thickness of 8 to 30 c.
A slope greening method characterized by being m.